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Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.9 n.1

Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.9 n.1 Kentucky Negro Educational Association 400dpi TIFF G4 page images University of Kentucky, Electronic Information Access & Management Center Lexington, Kentucky 2003 kneav9n1 These pages may freely searched and displayed. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.9 n.1 Kentucky Negro Educational Association Kentucky Negro Educational Association Louisville, Kentucky January-February 1938 $IMLS This electronic text file was created by Optical Character Recognition (OCR). No corrections have been made to the OCR-ed text and no editing has been done to the content of the original document. Encoding has been done through an automated process using the recommendations for Level 1 of the TEI in Libraries Guidelines. Digital page images are linked to the text file. January-February, 1938 THE DOUGLASS HIGH SCHOOL A Recently Constructed Building of Modem Design for the Colored Youth of Henderson, Ky. K. H. MEADE, Principal C. E. DUDLEY, Supt. "An Equal Educational Opportunitp for Everp Keniuckp Child" I Volume 9 No. I m - t LINCOLN OF f 91 ~KENTUK Lincoln Ridge, Kentucky S . OFFERING AN "A" ACCREDITED HIGH SCHOOL BY THE STATE DE- PARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND THE SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES AND SECONDARY- SCHOOLS. S COURSES * ACADEMIC COLLEGE PREPARATION MUSIC AGRICULTURk ENGINEERING CARPENTRY NATIONAL RED CROSS NURSING HOME ECONOMICS 0 0 DEDICATED TO TRAIN THE HEART, HEAD AND HAND WHITNEY M. YOUNG, DIRECTOR. J. MANSIR TYDINGS, BUSINESS MANAGER a - - The K. N. E. A. Journal Official Organ of the Kentucky Negro Education Association Vol. IX January-February, 1938 No. 1 Published by the Kentucky Negro Education Association Editorial Office at 1925 W. Madison Street Louisville, Kentucky Atwood S. Wilson, Executive Secretary, Louisville, Managing Editor. W. H. Fouse, Lexington, President of K. N. E. A. BOARD OF DIRECTORS R. L. Dowery, Shelbyville Whitney M. Young, Lincoln Ridge J. L. Bean, Versailles V. K. Perry, Louisville Published Bimonthly during the school year: October, December, February and April PRICE 50 CENTS PER YEAR OR 15 CENTS PER COPY Membership in the K. N. E. A. (One Dollar) includes subscription to the Journal Rates for Advertising space mailed on request Present Circulation, 2,000 Copies. 1937 K. N. E. A. Membership 1,420 CONTENTS Editorial Comment: The Douglass High School; The K. N. E. A. and the Merger; The K. N. E. A. Spelling Bee; The Harrison- Fletcher Bill; The Superintendents' Bill ...................... 5 Outline of the 1938 K. N. E. A. Convention ................... 6 The President's Letter ...................................... 8 Education Needs in Kentucky-By Whitney M. Young ........... 10 Lest We Forget-The Late Julius Rosenwald .................. 15 K. N. E. A. Directors Meet .................................. 17 Advantages of the Merger-By R. B. Atwood .................. 21 The Proposed' Merger ................ ...................... 22 Argument Against the K-erger-By A. E. Meyzeek .............. 24 A Scientific Stuidy of the Merger ............................. 25 The K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee Meeting . . . 32 Speakers Urge Goodwill . ..................................... 33 The Birthday of Booker T. Washington . . 35 K. N. E. A. Kullings .......................................... 36 K. N. E. A. Announcements .................................. 37 Teacher Retirement in Kentucky ............................ .. 41 The K. N. E. A. Honor Roll ..................... 48 Built For Your Protection The DOMESTIC LIFE and ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO. LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY Inter-College Press 615 Wyandotte Street KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI Manufacturers and Distributors of: YEAR BOOKS SEWELRY INVITATIONS VISITING CARDS DIPLOMAS CAPS AND GOWNS CLASS GIFTS MEDALS W. C. COCHRAN Kleitucby State Supervisor 2 a Editorial Comment THE DOUGLASS HIGH SCHOOL The Douglass High School, of Henderson, Ky., pictured on the outside cover of this Journal, was erected in 1932 and is one of the most modern and outstanding schools in the state. The building is located on a high terrace on the corner of Alvasia and Clay streets. It has a commanding appearance and serves as a beacon light to the community. The building contains ten classrooms, a gymnasium, study hall, library, and administrative office. The rooms have up-to-date furnishings and the equipment of the school is up-to-date. The library contains approximately 1,600 volumes. The school offers four different types of curricula and the stu- dent Is permitted to choose the curriculum which seems best adapt- ed to his ability and which Is in line with his vocational desire. The present administration, under the general guidance of Prof. Ken- neth Meade, the efficient principal of the school, has so handled af- fairs that the school has been raised from a class C school to that of class A, the school being given this rating both by the State De- partment of Education and the Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. Douglass High School Is the home of the founding of the Inter- State Athletic Conference, which conference Includes schools of Southern Indiana and Western Kentucky. The Douglass High School has had the champion basketball team in the conference and has also had outstanding football teams in the conference. The Douglass High School of Henderson has taken a place among the leading Negro High Schools of Kentucky. THE K. N. E. A. AND TE MERGER As the Journal goes to press, it would appear that there will be a merger of W. K. I. C. of Paducah and K. S. I. C. of Frankfort. In this issue there are arguments for and against the merger. The K. N. E. A. Board of Directors, who represent the associa- tion took a neutral stand at its December meeting as shown by the minutes which are published herein. At the suggestion of the di- rectors, the K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee expressed its attitude. The directors have not met again to officially express their attitudes. Various members of the K. N. E. A. have expressed their views on this important question. The questionnaires sent out by the K. N. E. A. office show votes both pro and con. These returns have not yet come back in a sufficient quantity to be representative of the 3 state, but might come in by the time the K. N. E. A. directors meet in February. The K. N. E. A. Directors at its next meeting will dis- cuss the question and review the information and attitudes sent to the office of the secretary. The K. N. E. A. which includes all the teachers of Kentucky is proceeding most cautiously in this matter beause we should not like to enter any controversy that might hurt the organization or offend any teacher. THE H. N. E. A. SPELLING BEE The K. N. E. A. Spelling Bee will be held in Louisville on Friday, April 15 at 10:00 A. M. The written contest will be held in the gym- nasium of Central High School building. An announcement has been sent to the principals and K. N. E. A. organizers relative to the Spelling Contest. Any teacher who desires a copy of the words and the rules shotik write to the secretary-treasurer. After the county or local elimination contest has been held, please send the name of the winner, his age, grade and teacher to the secretary of the K. N. E. A. Elsewhere in this Journal mention is being made of the birth- day of Booker T. Washington, same to be celebrated Tuesday, April 5, 1938. It has been further suggested that this be known as K N. E. A. night and that at the educational program sponsored, on this day in various local communities, there be charged a small fee or that a collection be taken. This collection, or donation, should be sent to the secretary-treasurer of the K. N. E. A. to go into what ib to be known as the K. N. E. A. contest fund. It is the idea of the general association that the spelling contest prizes should be much larger than heretofore. The K. N. E. A. directors trust that each principal and organizer will look with favor upon this suggestion and do what is possible to encourage our children in a larger way to improve their English through essay contests, spelling contests, and oratorical contests. At various times the K. N. E. A. hopes to spon- sor contests in all three of these fields. THE HARRISON-FLETCHER BILL The National Educational Association Is again sponsoring the Harrison-Fletcher Bill in the present Congress at Washington. This bill has the following two Items among others: How Much (1) An initial appropriation of $100,000,000 and an Increase of $50,000,000 each year until $300,000,000 per year is provided. Appropriations to the States (2) Funds are appropriated to the States and Territories "to be used by them for the improvement of their public schools." 'rle manner in which the funds received shall be used for the mainten- 4 ance of a program of public education is left wholly to the respec- tive States. The K. N. E. A. objects to item 2 as it is written. We object because our past experiences indicate that southern states have not divided federal money among Negroes and white children in the proportion that they make up the total population of the state. The Negro share is generally too small, and the white child's share in- cludes a part of the Negro child's share. The K. N. E. A. will only be satisfied to sponsor this bill when there Is added to Item 2, the following sentence: 'In southern states where separate schools are maintained for Negro children, federal funds should be alloted to the colored schools in an amount which is directly proportional to the per cent of the Negro population of the state to the total population of the state." Unless some feature of this type is added to the bill, the K. N. E. A. and all other Negro organizations should use their influence to defeat the bill. THE SUPERINTENDENTS' BILL "The Legislative Committee of the Kentucky Negro Education Association, desires to be registered emphatically against the pro- posed County Superintendent Elective Bill. This bill is decidedly a step backward, In that it would plunge our school system again in politics in which favoritism, instead of meritism would rule in ap- pointment of teachers. We heartily join with you and your or. ganization in any way that may seem proper to defeat this obnoxious bill." Prof. A. E. Meyzeek, Chairman of the K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee, has sent this statement to the Secretary of the K. E. A. and others and thrown the influence of the K. N. E. A. against the bill. These organizations have worked together to help defeat the bill. -"If *ue are to hope that this spirit of positive cooperation ~will grow and that the Negro problem wif bee recognized to be indavd - ual and not raciaZ, the chief instrumentality ready to our hands is education. This does not mean education of the Negro alone-i means education of all the people. Adequate educational fa&il74 ties for any group should not be advocated primarily on the grounds of justice for that group, but rather for the reasonl that only as education is adequate can the group make its proper con- tribution to American life. Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior. ;(From address delivered at the National Conference on Fandamental Problems In the Education of Negroes. Washington, D. C., May 9-12, 1984) 5 Outline of the 1938 K. N. E. A. Convention Central Theme: "New Frontiers in the Training of the Negro Child." Suggested Subjects and Speakers April 13, 8:00 P. M.-Vice Pres. H. E. Goodloe, Presiding. "Needs in the Education of Negro Youth in Kentucky"-Pres. W. H. Fouse. "Improving the Economic Status of the Negro by Utilizing our Purchasing Power"-I. J. K. Wells, Supervisor of West Virginia Colored Schools. Thurs., April 14, 10:00 A. M.-Pres. W. H. Fouse, Presiding. "The Character Education Needed Today"-Dr. Zenos E. Scott, Superintendent of Louisville Schools. Secretary's Financial Report. Reports of Committees: Legislative, Resolutions and Necrology. Thurs., April 14, 8:00 P. M.-Pres. W. H. Fouse, Presiding. "Facts to Teach Negro Chlldren"-Dr. Kelly Miller, Washington, D. C. "Teaching the Rural Child"-Miss Mable Carney, Head of Rural Education, Columbia University, New York. Fri., April 15, 2:30 P. M.-Pres. W. H. Fouse, Presiding. "Enriching the Personality of Our Youth"-Dean David A. Lane, Jr., Louisville Municipal College. "Problems of the Adolescent"-Dean L. A. Pechstein, The Uni- versity of Cincinnati. Reports of Departmental Chairmen. -Fri., April 15, 8:00 P. M.-Sixth Annual Musicale. Sat;, April 16, 9:00 A. M.-Final Business Session of K. N. E. A. Sat.,. April 16, 7:00 P. M.-18th Annual Exhibition, "Pageant of Peace." Suggested Departmental Subjects 1. Elementary Education Department- (a) "How to, Deal Effectively with the Delinquent Negro Child." (b) "Better Health as an Aid in Personality Development." 2. High School and College Department- "Better Living Standards for Personality Improvement." 8. Rural Education Department- "Improving the Environment of the Rural Child." 4. Music Department- "Teaching to Set Up Attitudes of Appreciation." 5. Princpals' Conference- "A Mental THygiene Program for Our Youth!' 6. Guidance Workers' Conference- "An Ethical Guidance Program for Our Youth." 6 7. English Teachers' Conference- "Improving Personality Through Better Speech." 8. Art Teachers' Conference- "Art Appreciation as Personality Enrichment." 9. Athletic Directors' Conference- "Character Traits that Might Be Taught Through Athletics." 10. Science Teachers' Conference- "Noted Negro Scientists and Their Contributions." 1L Prlnary Teachers' Conference- "Training the Pre-School and Primary Child for Later School Life." 12. Social Science Teachers' Conference- "Desirable Attitudes to be Set Up In the Teaching of Social Studies." 13. Vocational Education Department- "Character Traits to be Stressed for Vocational Adjustments." 14. Libraryas' Conference- "A Reading Program for the Adolescent for Personality En- richment." 15. Foreign Language Teachers' Conference- "Desirable Racial Attitudes to be Stressed in the Teaching of Foreign Languages." 16. Adult Education Department- "A Citizenship Training Program for Youth and Adults." PLANS FOR DEPARTMENTAL PROGRAMS The chairmen of various departments and conferences should select a person to speak on the suggested topic, which, In each case, is In line with the convention theme. It might also be desirable to have a panel jury discussion of the subject mentioned. About thirty or forty minutes can be given over to this feature of the program. About one other number would complete. the program. The following departments and conferences are to meet on Thursday, April 14 at 2:30 P. M.: (1) Elementary Education Dept., (2) High School and College Dept., (3) Music Dept., (4) Primary Teachers' Conference, (5) Librarians' Conference, (6) Rural Educa- tion Dept., (7) Adult Education Dept, The Principals' Conference will be at 5:00 P. M. on this date. ,The following departments are to meet Friday, AprIl 15 at 9:00 A. M.: (X) Elementary Education Dept., (2) Art Teachers' Confer- ence, (3) Vocational Education Dept., (4) Science Teachers' Confer- ence,, (5). English Teachers' Conference, (6) Art Teachers' Confer- ence, (7) Social Science Teachers' Conference, (8) Adult Education Dept., (9) Librarians' Conference, and (10) Music Dept. On the same date at 11:00 A. M., there will be.the following con- ferences: (1) Foreign Language Teachers' Conference, (2) Athletic flfrctors' Conference, and (3) Guidance Workers' Conference. ATWOOD S. WILSON, Secretary W. HM FOUSE, President 7 THE PRESIDENT'S LETTER Lexington, Ky., January 12, 1938 To: The Members of the Kentucky Negro Education Association:- Dear Co-workers: I am addressing you this letter in partial fulfillment to a promise made in the October-November issue of this Journal to the effect that I would say a word later about the Philadelphia meeting to which I and two others were selected as your delegates. Prof. Barker, feel- ing that his third of the $75.00 appropriated by the K. N. E. A. for the trip was insufficient expressed to the writer his regrets that he could not attend. Sufficeth it to say that several from Kentucky did attend the session of the National Association of Teachers in Colored Schools in the city of Philadelphia, July 1937. The meeting was fairly well attended but there was a falling off in the attendance in sections west of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The theme of the association was: "The Exceptional Child." This was either the sub-normal or the superior types. The discussions were in the hands of those who were experts, Considerable time was used In discussing the new constitution and by-laws, especially the change of the name from N. A. T. C. S. to the American Teachers Associa- tion. The Montgomery plan and the Louisville plan touching fiscal matters after having been given ample time to prove their imprac- tibility were completely abandoned.- The membership fee was again fixed at $1.50. Prof. Hindenburg, vice-president of the State College at Durham, North Carolina was elected president. The meeting next year is to be at Tuskegee, Alabama. I next wish to emphasize the very great need of each teacher in the State to enroll and become a member of the K. N. E. A. as has often been so well said by Secretary A. S. Wilson. Enroll early and help make our state outstanding by having every Negro teacher of the State member of the K. N. E. A. This brings us to a third issue that presents itself this year for the first time in the history 'of Kentucky. In fact no other state south of the Mason and Dixon Line has the record that is here displayed by a real Kentuckian. "For this reason I believe I am justified in urging every Negro teach- er of Kentucky not only to become a member of the K. N. E. A. but also to become a member of the (N. E. A.) National Education 'Association. Permit me to mention just two of the many reasons why you should join the N. E. A. First, because the N. E. A., with its present enrollment of 205,000 teachers, the largest organi- zation of Its kind in the world and the one too that is fast approach- 'Ing its goal of 1,000,000 teachers, is the one agency that will far sur- pass any other in this country in setting standards, fixing educa- tional policies, and disrobing from education the muddy skirts of tradition and local politics. In the second place we want Kentucky to move from second to FIRST rank, and stand at the head of the 8 48. states in the increase of membership in the N. E. A. Colonel D. Y. Dunn, Superintendent of Fayette County Schools is State Di- rector of the N. E. A. membership drive in Kentucky. His attitude of fairness is set forth in the finest way in a recent letter from him to me which reads: "There is a probability for Kentucky to gain a place on the honor roll of the N. E. A. because of the increased membership from our state this year. As president of the K. N. E. A. you may say to your group of teachers in Kentucky that we will see that they will be given repre- sentation from the state in the N. E. A. Delegate Assembly in the proportion that their membership bears to the total membership from this state in the N. E. A. This will insure you. at least one delegate in the affairs of the National Association, and as many more as your in- creased membership in the N. E. A. may warrant. You will prob- ably want to select your delegation from Kentucky at your next K. N. E. A. convention. I appreciate your interest and cooperation in bringing about a closer professional unity among the school people of the state." This letter speaks for itself as a clear cut pronouncement of the voice of the "New South" and it is ours to send back the echo of good will, reciprocity. Let's answer this clan call with at least a thousand memberships in the N. E. A. for 1938. Send letters to your Senator and Representative urging their support to the Retirement Pension Fund for Teachers. Write them immediately. It is explained more fully elsewhere in this Journal. In closing this letter it Is due Prof. A. S. Wilson to say a com- plimentary word for the K. N. E. A. Newsettes which come to us full of information and inspiration. Yours very truly, W. H. FOUSE, President of K. N. E. A. TO A TEACHER By William W. Hopkins, Lily Kentucky If jingling coin would be thy only prize; For toil, prestige, and fame thy only pay Then knowest thou this pedestal will decay? What of the dreams from peering youthful eyes? Are you ito thwart them 'fore they're realized? Or will you be a sculptor great and say, "I'll shape a man out of this human clay Because upon him future civilization lies"? Heed not vain babblings of your plan or style. Seek not your own exertions to commend. Give place each day for prayer and song afnid smile; Let them into your visible counrtenance blend Until its charm is benevolent, kind, and mild. These mellowed in years, you'll be a teacher, my friend. EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF THE NEGRO IN KENTUCKY (By Whitney MA Young, Director of Lincoln Institute). One of the most hopeful signs of a better day for present and future generations is the gradual elimination of petty politics from our schools. There is evidence on every hand of a more determined effort on the part of our local and state officials to obtain the facts and right the injustices that have* been perpetrated against inno- cent children than ever before. No intelligent person will deny the fact that ignorance Is costly and intelligence, based upon the teachings of Christ, is the chief as- set of any people. In our three Negro colleges, Kentucky State Industrial College at Frankfort, Municipal College in the city of Louisville, and West Kentucky Industrial College at Paducah, we are beginning to visu- alize a program of constructive citizenship that will eventually mean a more balanced educational opportunity and economic security for the Negro. I quote from a recent report of the State Co-ordinating Com- mittee: "As to the Paducah School, consideration should be given to its full accreditation as a Class 'A Junior College, expansion of industrial courses and later elevation to a standard four-year col- lege: as to the Frankfort School, consideration should be given to its full accreditation as a standard four-year Class A Senior Col- lege, expansion of industrial courses and later elevation to one year of standard graduate work. It is considered very urgent that both of these school be granted funds for expanding courses in trades and industries so that they can more adequately serve the needs -of a larger number of Negro people. THE NEGRO LAND GRANT COLLEGE SHOULD RECEIVE AN EQUITABLE SHARE OF FEDERAL FUNDS COMING INTO THE STATE FOR LAND GRANT COLLEGES AND IT SHOULD DIRECT TEIE LAND GRANT WORK AMONG NEGRO PEOPLE. In 1890, the State Legislature made the institution at Frank- fort, now known as the Kentucky State Industrial College, the land- grant school for colored people. As such the colored school has re- ceived a just and equitable share of the federal funds known as the Morrill-Nelson and Bankhead-Jones, Section 22. There are other federal funds which the land-grant college for white people re- ceives, but which the colored land-grant college does not receive in any amounts. The picture of the situation is clearly revealed in the following figures taken from Circular 168, page 20, U. S. Office of Education by Walter J. Greenleaf (For year ended June 30, 1936). 10 Supple- Hatch- Smith- Additional Smith- Purnell Capper- Land-0'rant mentary Adams Lever Cooperative Hughes Funds ketcham InstitutionMtorrillFunds Funds Extension Funds Funds Funds U. of Ky 59,850 30,000 201,400 21,000 11,596 60,000 36,801 White K. S. I. C. 7,250 0 0 0 2,433 0 0 Colored Land-(rant Temporary 1862 Bankhead- GRAND Institution Funds:- Land-Gjant Jones WPA; AAA Funds (See. 1-21) TOTALS U. of Ky. 114,375 8,644 309,585 853,251 White K. S. I. C. 8,145 1,883 2,900 22,611 Colored Please note the totals: $853,251 for white and $22,611 for colored; the colored college received about 2 1-2 per cent of the federal funds coming into the State for Land-Grant colleges. It is easy to see that this amount is not equitable and that this is a situation which needs prompt remedial treatment." The total amount expended for the education of white college students in Kentucky for the year 1937-38 was $1,811,000.00; the amount expended for Negro college students was $120,000.00. This should be a challenge to the K. N. E. A. to see to it that the programs of these institutions are not curtailed or hampered in any way by the lack of funds with which to build dormitories, buy equipment and to pay salaries, which will permit educational improve- ment by study and travel. No teacher can do his or her best work without a living wage. There are more than a thousand youths, the very cream of the race, in these three colleges seeking guidance in the choice and preparation for their life's work. It is our responsibility to see to It that these entrusted with the responsibility of guiding them are of the highest moral and intellectual calibre and at the same time are sufficiently sensitive to the needs of the masses so as to ap- preciate their problems. We invite your attention to the fact that more than 5000 Ne- groes earn a living through trades; over 8,000 in transportation; nearly 15,000 In manufacturing and mechanical industries; 800 in the extraction of minerals; and over 33,000 in domestic and per- sonal service. Yet, there is hardly a public school in the state where he can be adequately trained for any of these pursuits. There is no denying the fact that there is a vast amount of wasted energy in our present educational procedure. We are still playing the age-old game of trying to fit round pegs Into square holes. Vocational guidance must become a vital part of our educa- tional program if we are to correct this evil and save thousands of our children from educational blind alleys from which they can never fully emerge. * ~~11 It has been the experience of the race that those who come back pay a tremendous price. You may salvage old machines and flood the market with new models, but human machines are too delicate and too precious to be disposed of in any such fashion. There is a crying need for a real vocational junior college that will fully qualify the hundreds of young people, who, for, various reasons, fail to enter our liberal arts colleges; a school that will strengthen them for opportunities that await the skilled hands as well as the trained mind. Economically and morally, it is just as Important that children should be trained to build houses as to live in them. It is just as important that children should be taught to raise food as to know how to eat it. It is just as important that poor children should be taught how to make garments as to wear them. It is just as im- portant that boys should be taught how to build bridges and streets as it is that they should be taught to walk upon them. It Is just as important that young people should be taught how to build and repair automobiles as to ride in them. It Is just as important that young people learn how to make electrical and plumbing repairs as to enjoy electrical and plumbing appliances. Whatever affords an opportunity for earning an honest dol- lar is of vital importance to each of us and should be a challenge to educational administrators. We have pitied the children of Israel because they were forced to make bricks without straw. Yet, we ask Negro boys and girls, to make an honest living without giving them educational "straws." If injustice and prejudice continue to rob us of the financial assistance, let us do the common sense thing of pooling our re- sources for the sake of efficiency and future security. It is interesting to note in this connection that the Negro group spends a great deal of money, but there are only a few businesses operated by Negroes: $2,200,000,000 for food ..................... only 1,923 stores $1,400,000,000 for clothing ................. only 178 stores $500,000 for shoes .......... . ............ only 13 stores Millions for lumber ...................... only 26 dealers Millions for electrical repairs .............. only 23 shops Millions for heat and plumbing ............. only 19 shops Perhaps there is no ground for denying the apparent fact that every last one of these dollars will eventually find its way back into the hands of other races, but we must see to it that they circu- late long enough within the race to convince the other races that we are economic factors in the trade markets of the world. Another very important issue to which the K. N. E. A. might direct its attention is the fact that: In 1934, upon the recommenda- tions of the Kentucky Educational Commission, the State Legis- lature passed a bill in which was included a section (Section 4399-3) 12 requiring that "each school district provide an approved twelve- grade school service for ALL ITS CHILDREN, and may contract for this service with another district furnishing free transportation, or maintenance in lieu of transportation." A study made by the Business Manager of our school last year and exhibited at the K. E. A. revealed the following: a. There are 61 counties and school districts in Kentucky in which there is no high school for Negroes. b. There are 11 counties which have incomplete service. P. There are 12 counties which provide transportation. d. There are 9 counties which have no Negro high school pupils. e. There are 16 counties which have' provided schools. The files of the State Department of Education reveal that Kentucky has 58,168 colored children of school age: for 701 of them no school Is provided. For 841 of them illegal part-time schools are provided. Seven month sessions are provided for 15,574. There are 6,259 who have access to eight months schools. There are 15,509 who live in counties and cities having nine months of schools. There are 10,085 who live in cities having ten-month school terms. The average colored child In Kentucky appears to have access to school eight and one-half months. The average salary per teacher is $500.51. One of the chief reasons why colored people are moving out of the rural to urban centers is because of the limited educational opportunities. Here is a "Macedonian call" from present and future genera- tions in Kentucky which we dare not ignore without violating the ideals of such an organization as the Kentucky Negro Education Association. The most urgent need of the hour is for the formation of an educational commission that will make a thorough, scientific study of our whole educational set-up and recommend a sane program that will safeguard the destiny of our children. Competition and duplications must be eliminated from our colleges. Our facilities are too limited and our financial resources too meager to admit of anything except a unified program that places the interest of the child above all else. I Education must not be accepted as an end in itself but rather as a means of preparation for the 50 years of adult life in which each human soul should make some contribution to the great sym- phony of life. Life Is an adventure into the unknown but where reason and faith hold sway, men may, on the basis of historical evidence, look forward to a brighter day. Another vital need of the hour is a revaluation of our spiritual assets. When we take from our educational program those spiritual assets upon which this republic was founded, we say to our youth you must sail the sea of life without compass or chart. 13 What greater challenge, what greater encouragement can we give our young people than to tell them that God has a plan for everyone. Christ makes a symphony of the races of the world, each play- ing some definite part which is essential to maximum harmony. The philosophy of Christ does not eliminate the role of in- dividuals, groups or races but enriches the harmony by requiring that each play his role on the basis of Absolute Honesty, Absolute Purity, Absolute Unselfishness and Absolute Love. Such an approach does not admit of the old form of sentimental love, such as exists between white people and colored people, but calls for absolute love which encourages the Negro to measure up to the highest standards and recognizes him when once he has at- tained these standards-and even forgives him when he falls. WILL THE K. N. E. A. TAKE THE LEAD OR WILL IT SIMPLY KEEP COMPANY WITH THE HUNDRED OF OTHER ORGANIZATIONS WHICH ARE BEST KNOWN FOR THEIR MUCH SPEAKING? Privileges of Active Membership in the K. N. E. A. 1. The privilege of attending all general sessions of the Association. 2. The privilege of participating in the departmental sessions. 3. The privilege of speaking and holding office in the Kentucky Negro Education Association. 4. The privilege of voting and participating in the business affairs of the Association. 5. The privilege of receiving all literature of the Association includ- ing the official publication, The K. N. E. A. Journal. No Kentucky Teacher Should Fail to Enroll Send One Dollar To A. S. WILSON, Secretary-Treasurer 1925 W. Madison Street, Louisville, Ky. 14 Lest We Forget-The Late Julius Rosenwald (By Atwood S. Wilson, Secretary K. N. E. A.) Each year, due largely to the efforts of Mr. L. N. Taylor, with the Julius Rosenwald Fund co- operating, the K. N. E. A. has featured the work of Julius Rosenwald In the February Issue of the Journal. We have outlined a program for school Improve- ment in these Issues and have also suggested that there be a program on some day during February or March, emphasizing the work of the Julius Rosen- wald Fund and having a program to let the people know of what Julius Rosenwald has done to help in the education of the Negro. Last year Rosenwald Day was Friday, March 12 and unless Mr. L. N. Taylor, of the State Depart- ment of Education, thinks other- wise, the K. N. E. A. should like to suggest Friday, March 11, 1938 as Rosenwald Day. Prior to Rosenwald Day, the schools of the state, especially the rural schools, might have a general program for improvement and beautification of school plants. Improvement can be made of the school grounds by having roads put in better shape, plant- Ing shrubbery, and laying out play-fields for athletic contests and games. The water supply might be analyzed to insure its purity. Out-buildings can be in- spected and put in a sanitary condition. Certain exterior and interior repairs on the building itself can be made In order that the building might be kept at- tractive and serve as a general Inspiration to the people of the community. In connection with Rosenwald Day, the life of Rosenwald should be told to the children of the school and to the patrons of the community. Julius Rosenwald has done so much to help the Negro that a brief account of his life should be a part of the in- formation given all Negro citi- zens. Our appreciation and our esteem for his philanthropy should never die. The Rosen- wald Fund is yet doing a great deal for the Negro and Mr. L. N. Taylor, our State Director of Rural Education, is helping exe- cute his program and is empha- sizing, this year, books which the Rosenwald Fund is giving to the colored schools of the state in order that they might improve school libraries. Julius Rosenwald was born August 12, 1862, at Springfield, Illinois, the city which had been the home of Abraham Lincoln. Like the other boys in Spring- field, he attended the public schools and on Saturdays, and vacations earned his spending money by working at odd jobs. Mr. Rosenwald at seventeen entered business in New York City, where he remained for five years. In 1895 Mr. Rosenwald bought an interest in Sears, Roebuck and Company. Since that time he had been engaged In building up this mail order house. Due to his leadership Sears, Roebuck and Company is now doing approximately one hundred and sixty times the busi- ness that it did In 1896. Mr. Rosenwald believed that per- 15 The Late Julius Rosenwald manent and successful founda- tions for business operations were to be found in making each transaction of mutual advan- tage to all concerned. In other words, the customers and em- ployees must benefit as well as the company and stockholders. Soon after Mr. Rosenwald's entry into the company, he initiated the policy of "your-money-back-if- not-satisfied. A list of Mr. Rosenwald's gifts Indicsti; the range of his inter- ests. Schools, hospitals, clinics, and dantql services have bene- fited. FTe gave three million dol- lars for an industrial museum in Chicano. six millions to aid Jew- ish colonization unon farms in Russik. half a million to local charities. and three millions to the UniversitV of Chicago, be- sides establishing the Julius Rosenwald Fund with thirty-five million dollars dedicated to the "well-being of mankind." In all Mr. Rosenwald's bene- factions he emphasized the de- sirability of contributing only where the Interests and enthu- siasm of others is sufficient to warrant their contributing an equal or larger amount. This characteristic Is particularly evi- dent in his program for estab- lishing the Rosenwald schools for Negro children in the rural districts in the South. The William E. H a r m a n A w a r d s for Distinguished Achievement in Race Relations presented Mr. Rosenwald in 1927 with a special gold medal in recognition of the national Im. portance of his work In behalf of Negroes. Mr. Rosenwald passed into the Great Beyond January 6, 1932, In his seventieth year. "He was buried the day after the death. At his request the ceremony was simple. Rabbi Mann read the fifteenth, twenty-third, twenty- fourth and nineteenth Psalms, which were Mr. Rosenwald's fa- vorites and had a short prayer. Six limousines followed t h e hearse to the cemetery. At his request only his immediate fam- fly and household servants at- tended the funeral. In keeping with his wishes, all offices and business enterprises with which he was connected went on unin- terrupted. There were no flowers except a modest wreath on the casket. Thus ended the earthly career of one of the Nation's most beloved and greatest bene- factors. He exemplified the finest spirit and principles taught by the prophets and apostles In both the Old and New Testaments." 16 K. N. E. A. Directors' Meeting (Minutes of the Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Ken- tucky Negro Education Associa- tion, Saturday, December 18, 12:30 P. M., 1937). The Board of Directors of the Kentucky Negro Education As. sociation met at the residence of the Secretary-Treasurer, 1925 W. Madison Street, Louisville, Ken- tucky, on the above date. Those present were W. H. Fouse, Pres- ident of the K. N. E. A., J. L. Bean of Versailles, R. L. Dowery of Shelbyville, Whitney M. Young of Lincoln Ridge, Victor K. Perry of Louisville, and Atwood S. Wil- son, Secretary-Treasurer. The meeting was opened by a prayer by Director Whitney M. Young. The minutes of the prev- ious meeting were then read and adopted by a vote of the Direc- tors. President W. H. Fouse, who was presiding, then called for a report on any unfinished business. Director Perry then reported on a proposed amend- ment to the Constitution of the K. N. E. A. so as to insure a' more adequate understanding of the duties and powers of the Board of Directors. The follow- Ing amendment was suggested, same to be published In the next issue of the K. N. E. A. Journal, and to be voted upon at the 1938 convention: "The Board of Di- rectors have power to represent and act for the Association in all matters requiring immediate attention when the Association is not In session." The Directors approved the amendment as stated above. President Fouse then reported on the progress he was making in setting up a better relation- ship between the National Educa- tion Association and the Ken- tucky Negro Education Associa- tion. He mentioned several con- ferences with N. E. A. officials and other educators of the state along this line. President Fouse read to the Directors letters from W. Y. Dunn of Lexington, Director of Memberships in the N. E. A. for Kentucky, and Sup- erintendent N. 0. Kimbler of Henderson, President of the Kentucky Education Association. Both of these letters approved the idea of having the K. N. E. A. seek to get sufficient member- ships to have one or more of the representatives from Kentucky be a Negro representative for the K. N. E. A. President Fouse reported that representation in the N. E. A. was secured by Ken- tucky In the following manner: for each 100 memberships in the N. E. A., up to 500, there is al- lowed a delegate in the general assembly in the K. N. E. A. After the first 500 delegates, the next delegate requires 500 member- ships in the state. This would mean that Kentucky would need 1000 N. E. A. memberships in order to have six delegates in the delegate assembly of the N. E. A. President Fouse stated that he would work to have Ken- tucky teachers enroll In the N. E. A. to the extent possible and make an effort to have one or two Negro delegates from Ken- tucky. The Secretary-Treasurer suggested to President Fouse that he appoint an assistant di- 7. rector for N. E. A. memberships in Kentucky, same to be some teacher or person in Lexington, who can collect these member- ships and cooperate with Direc- tor Dunn in the matter of N. E. A. memberships from Kentucky. The report of President Fouse was approved and accepted by a motion made by Director Young and seconded by Director Dow- ery. The motion was carried. Prof. A.E. Meyzeek, chairman of the K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee, and Dean Davr'd A. Lane, Jr., another member of the K. N. E. A. Legislative Commit- tee, were present upon the in- vitation of President Fotse. President R. B. Atwood of K. S. L. C. was also present with the approval of President W. H. Fouse. President Fouse stated that he had also given President H. C. Russell of W. K. I. C. an Invitation to be present and that he had received information that Mr. M. J. Sleet of Paducah might be present at the meeting to rep- resent W. K I. C. President Fouse then referred to the ques- tion which was receiving atten- tion in the state among educa- tional leaders, namely, that the West Kentucky Industrial Col- lege be merged with Kentucky State Industrial College, the lat- ter school to receive the appro- priation for both schools and an extra allowance. President Fouse then presented President R. B. Atwood, who stated his position In the proposed merger. At this point, Prof. J. Bryant Cooper, who had become interested -in the question, was also permitted to be present for this special hearing. President Atwood be- gan his remarks by reporting on the organization and work of a state coordinating committee. He pointed out that the state co- ordinating committee represent- ed the civic and educational groups in Kentucky and was formed with the Idea of seeking needed legislation along any needed lines that might be bene- ficial to the Negroes of Ken- tucky. He stated that a sub- committee on education of the coordinating committee was call- ed to meet in Frankfort recent- ly and outline what he termed agenda. He stated that the sub- committee planned, In particular, to seek larger appropriations for both W. K. I. C. and K. S. I. C. After the sub-committee had de- cided upon its program, he stated that the committee went to the Governor's mansion to leave their recommendations in writing. President Atwood said that the Governor insisted upon the com- mittee remaining and talking over with him the situation re- lative to our two state colleges for Negroes. The Governor then stated that he had been thinking that a merger of the two schools would meet the best interests of the Negroes. "The Committee did not have such a merger in mind when they went to the Governor," stated President Atwood. After learning the Governor's attitude, a resolution was passed, favoring the merger and voted upon fa- vorably by all members of the sub-committee except M. J. Sleet of Paducah, who voted "No" on the resolution. President Atwood stated that the merger had been discussed continuously sinew 1922, that It had been approved 18 by a study made by an efficiency commission, headed by Dr. Reev- es of the University of Chicago, and that the trends in population and the attendance of Paducah students in the freshman class at Kentucky State Industrial College at Frankfort were all in- dications that the merger was both desirable and feasible. He stated that he was heartily in favor of the Governor's plan and asked that the K. N. E. A. sup- port him in his attitude. Prof. A. E. Meyzeek, chairman of the K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee, then took the floor and, after reviewing the history of the two colleges under con- sideration, stated that he was very distinctly against the mer- ger of our two state colleges. Prof. Meyzeek felt that the mer- ger was taking away from the educational opportunity of the colored children in the western part of our state and felt that it would be a set-back rather than an advancement in the higher education of the Negro. Prof. Meyzeek was quite definite in his stand against the recommenda- tions made by President Atwood. Prof. J. Bryant Cooper, who was present, then spoke against the merger. Prof. Cooper con- tended that a college was of cul- tural value to the community and that the western part of the state needed such a cultural center. He further stated that separate education was expensive educa- tion and as long as the state fur- nished separate schools for Ne- groes, It should be willing to pay more than their quota of popu- lation as a differential because of the segregation which had been set up. Dean David A. Lane, Jr., agreed with the latter remarks of Prof. Cooper. Dean Lane did not, however, state a definite at- titude as to whether he favored or did not favor the merger. The Secretary-Treasurer of the K. N. E. A. made remarks, in which he stated that the K. N. E. A. represented all of the teact- ers of the state and that he should not like to have the or- ganization do anything that would cause a misunderstanding. He therefore urged all present to consider any position taken as being of great importance to the organization. At this point, the Secretary-Treasurer suggest- ed to President Fouse that the meeting be adjourned in order that the Directors might have dinner. All present left, except the Board of Directors and Sec- retary-Treasurer of the K. N. E. A. Following the dinner, the Board of Directors re-assembled for a private meeting. After much discussion, the following set of resolutions was formulated and unanimously adopted by vote of the Directors: RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF TlEH KENTUCKY NEGRO EDUCATION ASSOCIATION December 18, 1937. 1. That the Board of Direc- tors, by unanimous vote, go on record as not taking a stand for or against the proposed merger of the Kentucky State Industrial College at Frankfort and the West Kentucky Industrial Col- lege of Paducah at the present time, due to the fact that the question is of such moment that It might serve the best interest of the Negroes by referring the question to the general associa- tion in a questionnaire which 19 will shortly be sent tc bers of the associati( secretary. The Board tors being a represents of all the teachers of feels that this procedur sary, fair, and just t cerned. 2. That a more defi of the question be ma Kentucky Negro Educ sociation legislative c which committee !c: heads of our state in and that the legislativ tee urge those policies deems necessary to mei interests of Negro yoi 3. That the chairma legislative committee meeting in the near ascertain the attitude committee on the prop ger. 4. That the K. N. E. ognized as the organiz; able to suggest needed I for Negro schools or su change of policy rega state schools. 5. That the leaders races be requested to st thoroughly any p r changes in the educai up for Negro youth tucky. W. H. FOUSE, ATWOOD S. W Secretary2 WHITNEY M. Y( R. L. DOWERY J. L. BEAN VICTOR K. PER] The next order of bus the consideration of tb program. The Secreta urer reported on son which he had made for ) all mem- gram along with President in by the Fouse. Speakers mentioned for of Diree- the K. N. E. A. convention In- tive group cluded J. K. Wells, supervisor of the state, schools In West Virginia, Kelly re is neces- Miller of Washington, D. C., o all con- Miss Mabel Carney of Columbia University, Superintendent Zenos nite study Scott of Louisville, Dean David .de by the A. Lane, Jr., of Municipal Col- cation As- lege, and Dean L. A. Peckstein of committee, the University of Cincinnati. ludes the Other speakers were to be se- nstitutions, lected for the departments by e commit- the Secretary and the President. ; which it Other details of the program, et the best such as meeting places, the spell- ath. ing bee, and the pageant were an of the mentioned by the Secretary- call a Treasurer for general approval. future to The final transaction of the of that Directors was to recommend to osed mer- the Legislative Committee that the K. N. E. A. go on record as A. be rec- opposing any cut in the budget ation best of K. S. I. C. to equal the legislation amount which was allowed for ggest any state aid for graduate students, rding our among Negroes. The Directors also recommended that the state of both appropriate $10,000 annually for .udy more state aid for graduate students, op o s e d same to be appropriated without tional set In any way reducing the budgets in Ken- of our Negro colleges. The Directors then adjourned to meet in February, at which President time they plan to discuss equall- ELSON, zation In teachers' salaries with Treasurer a representative of the N. A. A. C. P. and also to review arny DUNG work done by the K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee at that time and also to study any de- lY. velopments relative to the mer- iness was ger of W. K. I. C. and K. S. L C. .e annual ATWOOD S. WILSON, ry-Treas- Secretary-Treasurer me plans W. H. FOUSE, ,the pro. 20 President. Advantages of the Merger (By R. B. Atwood, Pres. K. S. I. C.) I am in favor of the merger of the two state colleges into one because I believe 'that one good school can better serve the Interests of the colored people In Kentucky than two weak ones. Speaking from 16 years experi- ences as a school administrator, I am convinced that two good colleges cannot be operated on the amount of money which the Negro race has a just right to expect the state legislature to appropriate. In 1890 the Negro constituted 14.4 per cent of the state's popu- lation, In 1900, 13.3 per cent, in 1910, 11.4 per cent, In 1920, 9.8 per cent, in 1930, 8.6 per cent. From 1900 to. 1930 the number decreased from 284,706 to 226,- 040. The Negro race should just- ly expect a share of the state~s appropriations for higher educa- tion in proportion to their num- bers. The share Is 8.6 per cent plus a possible differential on account of higher costs due to small numbers and wide distrib- ution. On the basis of last year's appropriations to white state col- leges this population percen- tage is $154,800.00 (Actually, Ne- gro higher education In Kentucky received last year $135,000). The justly expected sum, $154,800.00, would operate one fairly good college, but when divided be- tween two, both schools will necessarily be weak. Only two magicians, and I do not profess to be one, could operate two good colleges on this sum of money. Missouri gives her Negro state college annually, $198,000 and West Virginia $208,000. The Negro people now have two colleges for 226,040 people, one college per 113,000. The white people with 5 have one college for 477,000, so even If one Negro college Is abandoned they will still have more for their pro- portion than the white race. Col- leges are good Institutions to have. I wish we could have one In every community, but we must take Into consideration the numbers to be served and the amount of support to be expect- ed. On the population basis, the state should Invest in a college plant for Negroes approximately $2,000,000; (actually, the state has an Investment of less than $1,000,000 In both Negro plants). If the fair proportionate amount ($2,000,000) for Negroes Is di- vided, both plants for Negroes will be inadequate; if concen- trated, It will be fairly adequate for rendering the service It is expected to render. The white state plants average $5,000,000. The Negro plants of Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Texas rill run over $2,000,000 each. The proposal, being advanced, as I am reliably informed, plans to grant the consolidated Negro school the amounts now grant- ed to both colleges, and also an amount to make plant Improve- ments and extensions for the anticipated increased enrollment. No doubt additional sums may 21 be expected for buildings and' grounds in the future to care for growth and development. Besides, I am informed that it is planned to place a welfare in- stitution to be operated for and by Negroes in the abandoned college buildings, and to avoid Immediate embarrassment by absorbing the faculty into the new programs. While I do not lay any claim to originating the idea of the merger, it seems a wise proposal to me, and I hope that those who are proposing it will be able to carry it through to completion thereby rendering the state and especially the Ne- gro people a real service. Negro people, looking to the future, would do well by themselves and their children to give enthusi- astic support to the merger. I hope they will not miss this op- portunity. The Proposed Merger By W. H. Fouse, President of K. N. E. A. As President of the K. N. E. A. and Principal of Dunbar High School of Lexington and as one who has had many years of experi- ence as an Institute Instructor in all parts of the State and as Di- rector of summer schools, I have been asked to give my personal opinion touching the merger of the two Negro colleges located at Frankfort and Paducah. As one who after serving nearly a quarter of a century as principal and as one who will soon lay aside the active duties of the school room, I must confess that I still have an abiding interest in the Negro boys and girls of Kentucky. I gladly here and now give my reaction touching the merger by saying that I am op- posed to the merger and believe that after careful reflection the great mass of the Negroes of'the state are opposed to it also. Some of the reasons why I am opposed to the merger follow: First-Those cultural, spiritual and social values that radiate from a college will be taken from that section of the state which is in the greatest need of them. A certain college, I am told, has put a stop to the feuds and bloody history that once disgraced the mountains of Kentucky. If a local college has changed the mountain record, why would not a local Negro college bring about desirable changes in the lives of Negroes In the vicinity? Second-Both Paducah and Frankfort are growing schools and we are proud of them. They have done well with the limited resources on which they have been compelled to operate. But, now what of the future? They say that Paducah must be sacrificed in order that Frankfort may live, and live right. Kill Paducah to fertilize Frankfort. Kill Paducah so that Frankfort may live and live more abundantly is the reasoning. The story goes that the older of two sons was making commendable progress in his ex- pensive college work while the financial demands of the younger son pursuing his high school studies drew exceedingly heavy on the family purse. Yet in this dilemma not once did the parents think of withdrawing the little son so that'the older one might come out with 22 educational honors In his field. They withdrew neither son but did the best they could with each. This same thing we believe should be done In the case of Paducah and Frankfort. The promising admin- istration under Prof. H. C. Russell has just begun and he has just announced a wonderful program. Why not give him an opportunity to demonstrate his ability? Give him at least two or three years. No one favoring the merger has shown how much better Frankfort Col- lege was when twenty years old than the college at Paducah is today. It Is unfair to compare Paducah when only twenty years of age with the State College at Frankfort after 60 years of nurture. Third-If we begin the mergering process-when and where will it stop? If It Is good why not merger all the state institutions in all the states? Why not merger the four white colleges of this state and thereby in- crease the revenue of the Kentucky University? This would evidently give K. U. a rank much higher than it now has. However, no one would press this argument because there are other factors involved which outweigh money, values or rank. Yes the merger will increase the library facilities-for whom? For the students at Frankfort- but what about the library for the folks back home or for the stu- dents during the many years after the three or four fleeting years at Frankfort have passed. Fourth-It Is here that a principal of local self-government so fundamental that it once precipitated a War Be- tween the States, breaks down altogether. The merger violates com- pletely the principle of local self-government and transfers it to an agency 200 or 300 miles away. Fifth-No one has given us a blue- print of what this new set-up will be In very understandable terms. Will there be a department of animal husbandry? Of law? Of nurs- ing? Of dentistry? Of journalism? What high degrees will be con- ferred? Will there be a disappointment to those who have been re- joicing in the hope that the new set-up will give courses leading to the Master of Arts Degree so long vainly sought at Cincinnati and the University of Chicago? Will this set-up be a first-class college as measured by National standards or by standards good enough for colored folks? Thus far we have not seen a sufficient number of "brass tacks;" but by far too many generalities. As I see it the present slogan is Few Schools and better schools. The slogan should be More and Better Schools. Schools are expensive but not as expensive as Ignorance and crime. Both start In the home and reach out first into the community and finally out into the world. It is the home and Community that need to be made stronger. The merger falls to do this. U ACT NOW! Renew your membership Enlist your associates Secure one hundred percent enrollment in your school. 23 I W M Arguments Against the Merger (By A. E. Meyzeek, Louisville, Xy.) Proposed merger of the two Negro state schools, one situated in Paducah and the other situ- ated at Frankfort, has aroused deep interest as well as resent- ment. While nearly $2,000,000 is annually appropriated to op- erate four state teacher colleges and one state university for the white children, there is annually appropriated for higher learning 'of Negro children $120,000 dis- tributed to two schools-450,000 and $70,000. Now we are informed that our good and successful Governor plans to close the school at Pa- ducah and transfer its state aid to the school at Frankfort. While this would improve the college at Frankfort for central and eastern Kentucky children, the children of Western Kentucky would have no chance to satisfy their ambi- tion for higher learning; this would be a loss to the community and its cultural influence. It would seem fair and equit- able to the people In Western Kentucky to maintain there a junior college with an equipment for industrial training. This would put the two schools on dif- ferent tvnes of education-one for teacher training and leader- ship. the other for efficient service In life's choices. This Is the crying need of colored youths. They must be taught the vplue and honor of efficient service. To curtail advantages for the childrpn- of the west end, of the state by closing the Western Kentucky Institute, and trans- ferring its allotment to central and eastern Kentucky, thereby having only one school, would be an imposition. Other southern states main- tain adequate advantages for their colored children, far beyond what Kentucky offers. Let us ex- amine the list of southern state institutions of higher education for Negroes that receive aid: Alabama: State Agriculture and Mechanical Institute at Nor- mal, State Teachers' College at 'Montgomery, (There Is also Tus- kegee, a National Institution) and Talladega College, Miles Memorial and Paine; Georgia: Georgia Normal and Agricultural College at Albany, State Teach- ers' College at Forsyth, Georgia Industrial College at Albany; Louisiana: Normal and Indus- trial Institute at Grambling, Southern Agriculture and Me- chanical College at Scotlandville; (Louisiana also has the great Dillard University, richly endow- ed). Missouri: Lincoln University at Jefferson City, Stowe Teach- ers' College at St. Louis; West Virginia State Aid-Bluefield State Teachers' College; Storer College at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia State College at Insti- tute; North Carolina: State Aid- Negro Agriculture and Technical College at Greensboro; North .Carolina College at Durham; State Normal School at Eliza- beth City; Winston-Salem Teach- ers' College at WinstonSalem. The larger and higher Insti- 24 tutions in the southern states given state aid are as follows: Lincoln University-Jefferson City, Mo., $233,668; West Vir- ginia State College-Institute, $155,000; Florida Agriculture College-Tallahassee, Fla., $133,- 340; Louisiana Southern College -Scotlandville, La., $88,900; Mis- sissippi-Alcorn College, Alcorn, $87,155; Texas - Prairie View State College, $134,597; Okla- homa-Colored Agriculture and Normal, Langston, $107,000; Kentucky-Kentucky State Indus- trial College, Frankfort, $70,000; Virginia State Industrial College at Ettrick $74,000; Georgia State Industrial College at Savannah, $60,000. The many smaller colleges for Negroes in the southern states receive state aid ranging from $20,000 to $66,000. Moreover, those great universities and col- leges such as Fisk, Atlanta, Spellman, the great school at Daytona, Florida, LeMoyne at Memphis; Knoxville in Tennes- see, Tenn. Agriculture and State Teachers' College at Nashville; Normal College at Pine Bluff, attest the fact that Kentucky is doing less than the deep south. Even in Ohio, where colored stu- dents may enter any college, Wilberforce University for Ne- groes receives state aid of $300,- 000. Shall we sacrifice Western Kentucky State School, or shall we improve it and also raise the state aid of our Teachers' Col. lege at Frankfort to a living scale? A SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF THE MERGER (By R. B. Atwood, Frankfort) The West Kentucky Industrial College of Paducah Should Be Abandoned and Its Program Merged With The Kentucky State In- dustrial College of Frankfort. All previous studies have recommended that the program at raducah be abandoned and merged with the one at Frankfort. The West Kentucky Industrial College of Paducah, established as a private institution by D. H. Anderson, was given its first state ap- propriation in 1918. Every educational survey in the state since that time has recommended that there be one state educational institution of higher learning for Negro people. In 1922 the Kentucky Educational Commission in a survey of public education In Kentucky recommended that the State withdraw support from the institution at Paducah. In 1924 the Efficiency Com- mission of Kentucky made the same recommendation and used these words: "While it must be recognized that the colored population of the state is entitled to competent normal school instruction, there appears to be no good reason for the maintenance of two colored schools of higher learning. Experience has proved that the supervision of such institutions has been a difficult undertaking. The institution located at Frankfort can fortunately be. placed under the immediate super- 25 vision of the State Department of Education. It should be strength- ened and enlarged, and the Western Industrial College abandoned.. An equitable adjustment should be made in turning back the prop- erty deeded to the State by the President of the Paducah institution.": "The colored population of Kentucky (about 8.6 per cent of the whole) is large In comparison with that of northern states, but small in comparison with that of southern states. But this population Is widely scattered. So much is this the case that there is every reason for concentrating all the college, normal, and advanced industrial training work for colored people in one institution. This policy would mean the abandonment of West Kentucky College at Paducah, and. the building up of the Frankfort institution." Prior to the above studies the United States Bureau of Educa- tion had made a survey of Negro education in Kentucky in 1915. At that time the West Kentucky Industrial College was not connected with the State, but with the McCracken County schools. The United States Bureau in its study made the following recommendation: "That the public school should be separated from this doubtful private enterprise." The opinion stated In the previous studies Is shared by most edui- cators today; their reasons for which are listed below: Trends in the Negro population do not Justify two state-support- ed colleges. In proportion to total population the Negro population was high- est in 1830, constituting 24.75 per cent. Since that time the trend has: been steadily downward. The last three decades have witnessed a constant increase in the white population of Kentucky, and at the- same time a constant decrease in the colored population. From 1900 to 1930, while the white population grew from 1,862,309 to 2,388,364, an increase of 28.2 per cent, the colored population decreased from- 284,706 to 226,040, a decrease of 20.6 per cent. The colored popula- tion dropped from 13.3 per cent of the state total In 1900 to 8.6 per- cent in 1930. The Negro population is widely distributed over the State. The percentages of the Negro population of the 120 counties- vary from 0 in Martin County to 34.1 per cent in Christian County. There are 23 counties under 1 per cent; 67 between 1 and 10 per cent; 24 between 10 and 20 per cent; and 6 over 20 per cent. The counties: showing the highest number of Negroes are those of the Inner Blue- grass, centering around Fayette County, and those in the better farm- ing counties of the Pennyroyal (Christian, Todd, Logan and War- ren), while the counties having the lowest percentage of Negroes seem to be those in which farming Is the least productive. Nineteen counties show increases In Negro population between the years of 1900 and 1930. These counties were those In the Indus- trial centers and coal mining districts, particularly in the Eastern Coal Fields where Increases ran as high as 4,508.7 per cent In Letcher County. '26 Frankdort is the center for over half the Negro population. A circle drawn with a fifty mile radius with Paducah as its cen- ter would include a substantial part of 13 counties with a Negro popu- lation of 32,611, while such a circle with Frankfort as its center would. include 32 counties, whose Negro population is 113,239. NEGRO POPULATION WITHIN FIFTY lAULE RADIUS OF FRANKFORT County Negro Population Percent of Total Bath 744 6.7 Boone 379 3.9 Bourbon 4,007 222 Boyle 3,171 19.5 Bullitt 340 3.8 Carroll 385 4.7 Casey 130 0.8 Clark 2,842 16.1 Fayette 16,449 24.0 Franklin 2,627 12.5 Gallatin 184 4.1 Garrard 1,464 12.7 Grant 184 1.9 Harrison 1,022 6.9 Jefferson 51,068 14.4 Jessamine 1,951 15.7 Kenton 3,870 4.1 Lincoln 1,762 10.0 Madison 4,324 15.7 Marion 1,468 9.5 Montgomery 1,967 16.9 Nelson 2,045 12A Nicholas 513 6.0 Oldham 716 9.7 Owen 633 5.9 Pendleton 205 1.9 Robertson 46 1.4 Shelby 2,637 14.9 Scott 2511 17.4 Trimble 27 0.5 Washington 1,362 10.8 Woodford 2,206 20.1 TOTALS 113,239 50.09 Heavily populated counties average 145 road miles from Frankfort. The following table shows those counties in the State whose Negro population ranges from 10 to 34.1 per cent of the total. The distance of these counties from Frankfort ranges from 0 road miles, Franklin County, to 327 road miles, Fulton County. The average 27 road miles distance of these heavily populated counties from Frank- fort Is 144.8 miles. HEAVILY NEGRO POPULATED COUNTIES County Negro Population Barren Bourbon Boyle Caldwell Christian Clark Fayette Franklin Fulton Hopkins Henderson Hickman Jefferson Jessamine Lincoln Logan Lyones Madison Mason Mercer Montgomery McCracken Nelson Todd Trigg Union Warren Washington Webster Woodford TOTALS 2,733 4,007 3,171 1,722 11,704 2,842 16,449 2,627 3,153 5,281 4,398 1,048 51,068 1,951 1,762 3,486 1,200 4,324 2,471 1,547 1,967 7,762 2,045 3,393 2,373 2,021 5,057 1,362 3,103 2,206 158,273 Frankfort is a center for a large numnber schools. Per Cent of Total 10.7 22.2 19.5 12.5 34.1 16.1 24.0 12.5 21.1 14.1 16.7 12.0 14.4 15.7 10.0 15.9 14.1 15.7 13.1 10.7 16.9 16.8 12.4 25.1 18.9 11.9 15.0 10.8 15.1 20.1 Distance from Frankfort (rd. miles) 140 37 47 261 227 47 28 327 231 215 251 52 32 58 193 274 55 84 33 61 314 64 208 248 237 165 54 240 15 70.41 Average: 144.8 of four-year Negro high Listed below are all the four year Negro high schools in the state from which it Is expected that a Negro college would draw most of Its students. These schools are an average distance of 141.7 miles from Frankfort. 28 FOUR YEAR ACCREDITED HIGH SCHOOLS FOR NEGROES Location and Type of School Bowling Green, City Covington, City Danville, City Earlington, City Frankfort, City Georgetown, City Henderson, City Hopkinsville, City Lexington, City Lincoln Ridge, Private Louisville, City Lynch, City Mayfield, City Maysville, City Mt. Sterling, City Mt. Sterling, County Nicholasville, City Owensboro, City Paducah, City Paris, City Providence, City Richmond, City Winchester, City Columbia, City Glasgow, City Middlesboro, City Ashland, City Hardinsburg, City Princeton, City Murray, City Manchester, County Hickman, City Lancaster, City Elizabethtown, City Madisonville, City Adairville, City Drakesboro, City Class A A A B A A A A A A A A B A B A B A A A B A A B B B B B B B B B B B A B B AVERAGES Enroll. 194 109 80 122 102 100 121 232 519 249 853 165 86 115 58 80 49 118 350 165 102 180 121 40 47 112 86 148 42 32 26 27 55 22 91 53 77 144 Approx. Dis. from Frankfort 165 85 47 229 Local 20 215 227 P8 22 53 203 329 84 61 *61 32 183 314 37 240 1f5 47 112 140 169 162 133 261 282 118 372 57 91 231 193 188 141.7 Kentucky State Industrial College now draws practically as many students from twenty-one far western counties as does West Kentucky Ihdustial College iA study of enrollment shows that there are enrolled in West Kentucky Industrial College from 21 counties in that area 128 stu- dents, while at the same time there are 110 students attending Ken- 29 No. Tchrs. 10 4 3 5 'I 4 6 12 19 9 39 2 4 6 2 4 3 5 16 7 3 5 6 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 4 3 3 lucky State Industrial College from the same follows: Count Ballar Caldw Callov Christ Davies Fultox Grave group of counties as ENROLLMENT BY COUNTIES 1935-36 In West Kentucky Area y W.K.L.C. I Id 2 Sell 0 vay 5 ian 20 Ss 3 1 3 s 6 Henderson Hickman Hopkins Logan McCracken Marshall Muhlenberg Ohio Simpson Todd Trigg Union Warren Webster TOTALS 2 4 13 1 36 0 5 1 2 0 8 2 10 5 128 K. S. L C. 0 1 4 21 6 7 0 8 0 12 3 12 0 5 0 5 6 4 0 8 8 110 The State maintains five colleges for white persons aggregating 23 years of college to accommodate the graduates from a student body in grades 9 to 12 consisting of 72,029. This Is one college year -for every 3,218 white high school students. The State maintains two colleges for Negroes aggregating six years of college to accommo- date the graduates from a student body in grades 9 to 12, consist- ing of 4,966. This is one college year for every 828 colored high school students. In addition to this, aid is given for graduate work. high per capita cost at West Kentucky Industrial College At the present time, first semester, 1937 the enrollment for Ken- tucky State Industrial College is 482, and the appropriation Is $65,- '000; this means the students are being provided a standard college education at a per capita cost of $135.00. The West Kentucky In- dustrial College with an enrollment of less thn 150 and an appropria- -tion of $50,000 provides its students with a substandard education at :a per capita cost of $333.00. If both institutions were completely standardized, and they should be if maintained, the per capita cost for both would be extremely high. It, therefore, seems the wiser step to abandon one and concentrate all efforts on the standardiza- -tion of the other. 30 Less waste, less overhead, richer program for the students. If the West Kentucky Industrial College is abandoned there will be less waste and less overhead to the State. Instead of attempting to enlarge two libraries, there will be only one which need be en- larged; instead of building up two science laboratories to meet re- quirements of the accrediting associations, there will be only one; Instead of two academic departments in each field to be supported, there will be only one; one president; one business manager; one dean; one registration and one registration office; etc. Then, too, if West Kentucky Industrial College is continued, it will have to be enlarged for standardization, and this improvement and enlarge- ment will necessitate the purchase of additional land. The program concentrated at one place will mean a richer, broader, greater pro- gram of education for the Negro. Persons traveling a long distance to the college may be reimbursed. While it is agreed that some students will have a greater dis- tance from their homes to the institution to be traveled, the one college at Frankfort will be centrally located for over 50 per cent of the population, but there is no point in the State from which one cannot reach Frankfort in one day's travel. To offset the additional travel expenses necessitated by having only one Negro institution in the State, it seems altogether practical that students attending the college from a distance of over 100 miles may receive reduc- tions in their matriculation fees for traveling expenses paid over and above the 100 miles. Such a procedure can be easily worked out under authority of the State Board of Education, and will re- 4quire no legislative enactment. CONCLUSION For the reasons enumerated above, it seems logically sound and -wise that the State will best serve the interests of its Negro citizens by abandoning the program at West Kentucky Industrial College and concentrating its efforts at the Kentucky State Industrial Col- lege at Frankfort. Notice Arguments for and against the merger have now been given by Competent educators. Various teachers in Kentucky have sufficient information to form an attitude regarding this momentous question. Some teachers have already expressed their opinion through their principals and some rural teachers have expressed their opinion through their county organizers. In accordance with the suggestion of the Board of Directors of the K. N. E. A., who would like to know what the teachers think , any person who has not expressed an Opinion and wishes to do so, might write a postal card to the office (of the secretary. This Is not a request, but an opportunity. 31 The K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee Meeting The K. N. E. A. Legislative Committee met at the Louisville Municipal College on Thursday, December 30, 1937 at the call of its chairman, A. E. Meyzeek,. of Louisville. Members of the committee who were present were: David A. Lane, Jr., Louis- ville; J. L. Caulder, Lexington; G. W. Adams, Paris, W. H. Fouse, Lexington; R. B. Atwood, Frank- fort; Whitney M. Young, Lincoln Ridge, and A. E. Meyzeek, Lou- isville. Other members of the committee were absent, which included Dr. E. E. Underwood, Frankfort; Pres. H. C. Russell, Paducah; Mr. J. H. Ingram, Frankfort, and Representative C. W. Anderson. Present also at the meeting were A. S. Wilson, Secretary-Treasurer of the K. N. E. A., V. K. Perry, member of the Board of Directors of the R. N. E. A., W. S. Blanton, an ex-president of the K. N. E. A., and Mr. L. N. Taylor, of the State Department of Education. The latter four persons were not permitted to vote because they were not members of the Legislative Committee. The Leg- Islative Committee adopted the following legislative program: 1. That the K. N. E. A. sponsor a bill requiring twelve grades of service for a pupil of a county or Independent district, or that tuition be paid in some other county or district and that the county might provide for main- tenance for the student If the school attended was too far from the home of the pupil. The object of this legislation would be to clarify a law which re- quires that each county or In- dependent district provide four years of high school training for its children of school age. This law is clear for white pupils but not clear for colored pupils and a re-statement of the law and the passage of another bill along this line would make it possible for every Negro child In Kentucky to have high school education at public expense. It was suggested that Representa- tive C. W. Anderson present such an act to the 1938 General As- sembly. 2. That the K. N. E. A. Legis- lative Committee go on record as opposing the proposed merger of West Kentucky Industrial College at Paducah and the Ken- tucky State Industrial College at Frankfort and that the Legisla- tive Committee report Its atti- tude to the Board of Directors of the K. N. E. A. in accordance with their request. The seven Legislative Committee members present voted four to three on this proposal and requested the Secretary-Treasurer to Inform the Board of Directors of their attitude. President R. B. Atwood, who is in favor of the merger, voted accordingly at this com- mittee meeting. 3. That the K. N. E. A. recom- mend to the governor of Ken- tucky that the Anderson-Mayer appropriation for graduate stu- dents in Kentucky be increased from $5,000 to $10,000 anntually. 32 ,This recommendation came from -the Board of Directors of the X. N. E. A. to the Legislative -Committee with the request that It be a part of the legislative program of the K. N. E. A. Much discussion, both pro and con, was given to the prop'sed 'merger of our two state colleges. The K. N. E. A. Secretary in- formed the Legislative Commit- tee that a poll would be made of the colored teachers in Kentucky in order that they might have more definitely the attitudes of all the teachers In Kentucky. Since the meeting of this com- mittee, a poll has been started. Speakers Urge Goodwill The Seventeenth Annual State Inter-Racial Conference' which closed at the Trinity Methodist Church Tuesday night was one ,of the largest attended and most interesting in the history of the organization in Kentucky. The conference opened Tuesday aft- *ernoon with Mrs. Mayme Brock, executive secretary of the Y. W. C. A., presiding, with Mrs. G. W. 'Hummel, superintendent of the Christian Social Relations So- ciety of the M. E. Church, South, leading the discussion on "Pres- ent Inter-racial Activities In Kentucky." Other speakers dur. ing the afternoon were: Robert K. Salyers, National Youth Administration; Rev. H. C. Koch, pastor of St. Luke's Evangelical Church; Miss Helen McCandless, executive secretary of the Kentucky District Young Women's Christian Association; Tom Bond, State Young Men's Christian Association secretary for colored work; Dr. J. A. C. Lattimore; Whitney Young, Lin- coln Ridge, Negro, principal, Lincoln Institute, and Mrs. Blanche Elliot, Greenville, super- -visor of Muhlenberg County -schools. "The next steps in Inter-racial 33 Co-operation" were discussed by Mrs. Emmet Horine, president of the Church Women's Federation, and Mrs. Abbie Clement Jackson, supervisor of the Missionary So- cieties of the A. M. E. Zion Church. Mark Etheridge Speaks The conference closed Tuesday night with a large public at- tendance and with Mark Ether- Idge, general manager of The Courier-Journal and Louisville Times and David A. Lane, dean of Louisville Municipal College as speakers. The session was presided over by Col. P. H. Cal- lahan, pioneer Inter-racial lead- er and president of the Louis- ville Varnish Co. Mr. Etheridge, who Is a native of Mississippi, but who In recent public speeches has made him- self known as one of the strong- est exponents of a fair deal for all Americans lived up to his reputation before the mixed audience Tuesday night. In the course of his address Mr. Eth- eridge said: "The price of keeping the Ne- gro in poverty is to keep whites in poverty and to continue the Ku Klux Klan, Black Shirts and Tobacco Roads." He said that undemocratic and unjustifiable arguments are made against pending wage and hour legisla- tion because Negroes in the South would come under its pro- visions. "So long as there are extra- legal punishments in the South, no man, white or black, is as- sured of protection under the law. They are filibustering against the anti-lynching bill, but it is bound to be enacted. "As a civilized country, Amer- ica, out of self-respect, must see that there are no more lynchings. If it takes a Federal marshal or a deputy to prevent lynching, I as a Mississippian advocate the use of these Federal officials." The speaker said lynchings are on the decline, and that many advances have been made, but inexcusable inequalities of oppor- tunity exist in numerous in- stances. Education and Voting Mr. Etheridge related the pro- gress the Negro has made in an economic way, and educationally, but he related that in eleven states in the South there is spent in the education of Negro chil- dren only 1-15 of the amount spent on white children. A sim- ilar condition holds in relation to other benefits and opportuni- ties, such as health aid, hospital- Ization and housing. Mr. Etheridge urged that the race take steps to remedy these conditions, that they start by thinking in terms of generations, rather than years. The reference of Mr. Etheridge to the Negro vote was commend- ed by Col. Callahan who said that in Boston 30 years ago, the Irish held about the same social status Negroes hold here. They divided their allegiance between the Democrats and Republicans, and the resulting bid for their support now makes it impossible for anyone but an Irish descend- ant to be Mayor of the city. Dean Lane was high in his praise of the speech of Mr. Eth- eridge, and said among other things that "The pulpit, the ra- dio, the press, and the moving picture, powerful agencies in the- foundation and direction of pub- lic opinion, can assign themselves no higher task than that of the conscious promotion of racial goodwill to the end that the last Indignity may be lifted from the- backs of the last men." Brown's Letter and Print Shoppe 533 S. Tenth Street Phone WA-5629 Louisville, Kentucky Mail Or Phone Us Your Order We Emphasize These Essentials: ACCURACY-PROMPTNESS-ECONOMY A COWPABRISON CONFIBMS THIS STATEENT 34 The Birthday of Booker T. Washington Booker T. Washington is right- ly accorded a place of promi- nance in the history of his race and country. His work was so fundamental and substantial that the appreciation of his serv- ice and worth increases with the years. Obviously there should be an annual, formal observance of his birth. Unfortunately the exact time of his birth is not known, but some date, approximating as nearly as possible, his birth- day can be chosen and observed. The K. N. E. A. Journal, as- suming to speak for the teach- ers of Kentucky as leaders in education and race uplift, and in line with the recommendation of the K. N. E. A. Resolutions Com- mittee, proposes that April 5 be known and observed as Booker T. Washington Day. This can be made an occasion worthy of the great man it honors and worthy of the people he so signally served. On this occasion two fine pro- grams can be featured: one dur- ing the day in the school; the other In the evening, taking the form of a great public meeting, held in one of the churches, the school auditorium, or the best hall in the city. The following is a suggested program for the evening cele- bration: 1. Booker T. Washington as an Ekducator. 2. Mr. Washington as an Am- bassador of Good Will between the Races. 3. Booker T. Washington as a Speaker and Writer. 4. Tuskegee Institute and its Program. 5. Mr. Washington as Organ- izer of the National Negro Busi- ness League and Health Week. 6. Booker T. Washington as an Inspiration to Negro Youth. 7. Mr. Washington: An Appre- ciation (By some prominent white person). These subjects cover very well the life and work of Mr. Wash- ington. Of course, the program will be interspersed with appro- priate music, preferably the best productions by Negroes, includ- ing very appropriately "The Ne- gro National Anthem." The most careful planning and prepara- tion should be made so that the program will be of a high order and go off without a hitch, and the whole occasion be a distinct credit to the community and the race. At the evening program, a col- lection can be taken, the pur- pose of which will be to help to make a donation to the K. N. E. A. contest fund. This fund will be used entirely for prizes for our annual spelling bee or any other contest that we would fea- - ture. We wish to increase our spelling prizes. The night of April 5, 1938 is to be- designated as "K. N. E. A." night throughout Kentucky. The master of cere- monies is requested to mention the K. N. E. A. and its work, its program of activities, and urge attendance to the Louisville con- vention, April 13-16, 1938. Please report your meeting in some detail to the secretary of the K. N. E. A. immediately after April 5, 1938. 85 K. N. E. A. Kullings Dr. William D. Tardiff, of Stanford, Kentucky, a principal, R. N. E. A. organizer and ardent supporter of the organization, passed away recently as the re- sult of an automobile accident In October. The K. N. E. A. ex- tends sympathy to Mrs. Tardiff and regrets the loss to Kentucky of this faithful educator. Mrs. Emma E. Quarles, of fHopkinsville, is now organizer for Christian County and has taken over the position formerly held by Mrs. M. L. Copeland, *who has been assigned to rural school work in the state at large. The rural teachers of Christian ,County have already enrolled in the K. N. E. A. for 1938. * * * * Mr. 0. M. Travis, one of the leading colored business men of Monticello, Ky., has taken the lead in securing for Wayne County a new gymnasium, cost- ing $10,000. Miss Jane Duncan, the progressive principal of that school, reports educational acti- vities of the advanced type In that county. Supt. L. C. Henderson, of -arlan County, has written a letter complimenting the Octo- 1ber-November Issue of the K. N. E. A. Journal. Through the efforts of G. W. Saffell and others of Shelbyville, a benefit was recently sponsored to aid Mrs. Rebecca Tilley, one ,of the oldest members of the K. N. E. A. and for over 50 years a teacher in the schools of Ken- tucky. Representative C. W. Ander- son has been re-elected to the State Legislature. Attorney An- derson Is on our Legislative Conm mittee and plans to help in some legislation being fostered by the K. N. E. A. The football team of K. S. I. C. has played the strongest teams in the country and has not lost a game this reason. Ken tucky is proud of Its champion- ship Thoroughbreds and con- gratulates Coach H. A. Kean and the team. * ** * Prof. G. W. Adams Is the new principal of Oliver Street High School at Winchester, Ky. Al- ready the teachers in this school have enrolled one hundred per cent in the K. N. E. A. for 1938. Rev. J. Francis Wilson, of Ma- ceo, Ky., the chairman of the Necrology Committee of the K. N. E. A., died November 1, 1937. The K. N. E. A. extends to the family its deepest sympathy. Roland Hayes, noted Negro tenor, has been appointed on the faculty of the Boston University College of Music to teach the interpretation of International classical songs, between tours, while In the United States. Mrs. Pearl Patton Is now the principal of the Rosenwald High 36 School at Madisonville, replacing Mr. W. M. Lee, who has accepted work out of the state. The Roosevelt Medal for 1937 for "Promotion of Social Jus- tice" was awarded to Dr. James Dillard, southern educator, in recognition of his work in behalf of the American Negro. Mr. William D. Johnson, of Louisville, Is now the principal of the school at LaGrange, Ky. On October 12, the leading citi- zens of Louisville, white and col- ored, had an interracial banquet at the central branch Y. M. C. A., at which Dean David A. Lane, Jr., of Muhicipal College, was the guest of honor. The Mayor of Louisville was among the. guests. Mr. L. N. Taylor, of Frank- fort, Is working with K. N. E. A. officials, hoping to cooperate with them in planning for legis- lation that might lead to a teach-- er retirement plan and an as- sured tenure for teachers in Ken- tucky. Mrs. Loretta C. Spencer, erly a teacher at Lincoln tute, is now the principal school at Lawrenceburg. form- Insti-- of a Since the year 1790, the per- centage of Negroes of the total population of the United States has decreased from 19.3 per cent to 9.7 per cent in 1930. K. N. E. A. Announcements Proposed Amendments At the 1938 Convention of the K. N. E. A. on Thursday, April 14, the general association will be given an opportunity to sus- pend the rules and allow the secretary to cast one ballot to elect the officers recommended by the nominating committee and certain amendments to the Con- stitution, or-on Friday, April 15, beginning at 8 A. M., the mem- bers of the Association may vote by ballot on the nominated of- ficers and proposed amendments In voting booths to be set up in the Sunday School Room of Quinn Chapel at 912 W. Chestnut Street In Louisville, Kentucky. Amendment No. I The president of the K. N. E. A. shall have the power to ap- point an associate member of the Association to membership on the legislative committee of the Kentucky Negro Education Association, providing that said person has shown a special In- terest in the education of the Negro in Kentucky and provided also that no less than three mem-- bers of the Board of Directors. approve the appointment. This legislative committee member shall have the privileges of any active member of the K.N.E.A.,. except that he will be ineligible to hold office or the chairman- ship of any committee. Such members of the legislative com- mittee must not exceed In num-- ber one third of the total mem- 37 bership on a legislative commit- tee appointed by any president for any year. Amendment No. I Retired teachers (those offi- cially retired "with honor" by a Board of Education) or teachers having taught for thirty or more years in a public or private -school shall have the privileges of an active member of the K. N. E. A. except that he or she shall not hold office or the chairman- ship of any committee. A teacher, holding office in the K. N. E. A., and retired before the expira- tion of his term shall be eligible to serve until the next conven- tion of the K. N. E. A., provided the teacher is "retired with hon- *or." Amendment No. m "The Board of Directors have -power to represent and act for the Association in all matters requiring immediate attention -when the Association is not in session." ART EXHIBIT The K. N. E. A. will feature an Art Exhibit at its 1938 onven- tion. Various schools of Ken- tucky, including L o u i s v i l l e Schools, are invited to bring drawings and other work of the creative type to Louisville on April 13 and display it in the girls' gymnasium (room 101) of Central High School. A special -committee will be named to over- see the exhibit. Ribbon awards will be given for the best por- -trait, the best mechanical draw- Ing, the best landscape, the best 'still life, the best animal, or best piece of creative work. An award -will also be made for the best piece of commercial art and the best piece of clay moulding. Youth Conference Consideration is being given to the organization of a K. N. E. A. Youth Council. This conference would be open to Kentucky youth between the ages of four- teen and twenty one. The gen- eral purposes of the conference would be to study the problems and responsibilies facing the adolescent. Student Councils of our various high schools and col- leges might send special dele- gates to the conference. This matter will be discussed by the K. N. E. A. Board of Directors during February 1938 and if pos- sible and if the idea is approved, principals, officials and K. N. E. A. organizers will be advised. Any one wishing to comment on the merit of this suggestion is asked to write the secretary of the K. N. E. A. at once. The Guidance Worker's An- nouncement The K. N. E. A. guidance con- ference plans to make a survey of the guidance procedures in use in Kentucky high schools and colleges. A check list of guid- ance activities will be sent to all secondary schools during the month of February. Principals are urged to check this list and return same to Central High School, 8th and Chestnut Streets, Louisville, Kentucky. The theme of the 1938 guid- ance conference will be "Setting up a Program of Vocational Guidance." Daily Expense Teachers may secure room and board at the K. N. E. A. meeting for about $1.50 per day. For 38 sleeping in homes, the rate is $75c or $1.00 per night. Meals are approximately the same per day. Membership Cards Be sure to bring your member- ship card to the K. N. E. A. meeting. It has the following uses: (1) permits you to have a seat in the middle section at Quinn Chapel; (2) permits you to see a picture free at the Lyric Theater; (3) permits you to vote; and (4) permits you to get re- duced admission to the Friday night musicale. BE SURE TO BRING YOUR MEMBERSHIP CARD WITH YOU. Badges The K. N. E. A. Secretary is sending out badges along 'with membership cards. Be sure to bring the badge to the Conven- tion with you. Wear your badge to the meeting and show both your loyalty to the K. N. E. A. and to the teaching profession. Nominations Those who desire to have their names submitted to the Nomi- nating Committee must send their names by March 15 to the secretary or to Prof. W. E. New- some, of Cynthiana. This year the terms of two directors will expire and they or some other persons will be elected, and also a second vice president, due to the expiration of the term of the present incumbent. The Seventh Annual Musicale The Seventh Annual Musicale will be held on Friday night, April 15. This program will be at Quinn Chapel. Watch for the final announcement of the pro. gram. A fee will be charged non-members of the K. N. E. A. A membership card will admit a K. N. E. A. member free up to the value of 25 cents. The Spelling Bee The Annual Spelling Contest of the K. N. E. A. will be held Friday, April 15 at 10:00 A. M. in the Elementary Education De- partment. Names of entries must be sent to the secretary of the K. N. E. A. as soon as possible before April 1. Send name, grade, and the school sys- tem the pupil is to represent. Rules of the Spelling Contest and a suggested list of spelling words may be secured by writing the secretary of the K. N. E. A. Annual Exhibition The Eighteenth Annual Exhi- bition of the K. N. E. A. will be held at the Armory on Saturday, April 16. There will be a pa- geant, "T he Pageant of Peace," In which over 1ooo will partici- pate. The usual social hours at the Armory will close the 62nd convention of the K. N. E. A. Notify Necrology Committee Any one knowing of a teacher who has died since our 1937 con- vention, is requested to send the name of the teacher to K. N. E. A. secretary who will turn them over to the Chairman of our Necrology Committee. At the 1938 K. N. E. A. meet- ing, the Lincoln Institute Honor Key will be awarded for the first time. Information relative to this award was given on page 35 of the October-November issue of the K. N. E. A. Journal. It is now time for those who wish to seek the award to follow instructions already outlined. 9 Service Has Its Own Reward (Reprinted from the National Educational Outlook). W. H. Fouse, an educational pioneer in Kentucky, recently re- ceived a high honor by being ele- vated to the presidency of the Kentucky Negro Education Asso- ciation. During his 23 years as principal of Dunbar High School, Lexington, Kentucky, it has not only increased in enrollment from 87 to 525 students, but also become one of the first eight high schools in the South, and the first in Kentucky to qualify for membership in the Southern Association of Colleges and Sec- ondary Schools. His progressive program as president of the K. N. E. A. will include pensioning retired teachers, and bringing about a law to prevent the dis- crimination in salary schedules based solely on race. Last June, the University of Cincinnati conferred upon Mr. Fouse the master of arts de- gree., His thesis, A History of the Education of the Negro In Lexington, Ky., received such a high rating that it has been placed on the reserve list at that University's Library to serve as a model for style and treatment of this type of historical re- search. Some of the original fea- tures in this thesis include: a mathematical formula for deter- mining the educational interest of a community (the community educational index); a mathema- tical procedure for determining teacher efficiency; a mathemati- cal expression to reveal the stu- dent holding power of high schools during a four year pe- W. H. FOUSE President of K. N. E. A. riod; a unique treatment of eth- nic differences, showing their ever recurring and retarding manifestations and how they are kept alive. The university has urged Mr. Fouse to have this thesis published. Also, last June, the honorary degree of Doctor of Pedagogy was conferred on him by his alma mater, Otterbein College, for his long and distinguished service in public school work. This honor is quite significant since Mr. Fouse Is the only Ne- gro that has ever graduated from this institution and the only member of his class (1893) who has ever been awarded an honor- ary degree by it. During the dedi- (Continued On Page 47) 40 'TEACHER RETIREMENT IN KENTUCKY (From K. E. A. Journal). The Kentucky Negro Educa- -tion Association is sponsoring with the K. E. A. a Teacher Re- -tirement Act in Kentucky. A study was made by actuarial ex- perts and after its completion a -proposed bill was drawn. This bill embodies the essential fea- tures of an adequate retirement system and is actuarially sound. -The questions and answers con- tained in this brochure cover -rather completely the details of Information which the average -teacher will require. Any other information needed may be ob- tained by writing to the Ken- tucky Negro Education Associa- lion. DE FIN ITIONS Present Teacher - any teacher who was a teacher on or before July 1, 1937, who became a member of the retirement sys- tem on the date of the inaug- uration of the system or with. in one year after July 1, 1938. New Teacher-any teacher not a present teacher. ior Service-the number of years during which the mem- ber was a teacher in the public schools of Kentucky before his membership in the State Re- tirement System. Subsequent Service-the number of years during which the teacher is a member of the State Retirement Plan. Annual Salary-the average an- nual salary which the member has received for his services as a teacher in the public schools of Kentucky during the 5 years immediately preceding retirement, except that any 41 salary which exceeds $2,000 in any year shall be considered as $2,000 only. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON TEACHR RETIREMENT 1. What is a Teacher Retire- ment System? A teacher retirement system Is a business-like plan, enact- ed into state law, to improve schools by helping aged or disabled teachers to retire from active service with a modest, but assured, income for life. 2. IS this a Pension System? No. A pension is a gratuity. It does not involve contribu- tions by the persons to whom It Is paid. 3. Why is "Retirement System" a more accurate name? The money received by the teacher is in no sense a gratu- ity. The retirement system provides a "deferred salary" system partly built up by compulsory contributions by teachers. It is more in the nature of Unemployment In- surance. Strictly, it Is a Re- tirement Annuity purchased jointly by the teacher and the State. 4. What are the reasons for Teacher Retirement Pro- grams? A sound teacher retirement system: 1. Protects school children from teachers made incom- petent by disability or old age. 2. Attracts capable, far-sight- ed young people into the teaching profession. 3. Keeps good teachers in the service. 4. Increases health and effi- ciency of teachers by re- moving worry and fear of a destitute old age. 5. Improves morale in the teaching force by opening the paths of promotion and encouraging professional growth. 6. Treats teachers fairly by giving them protection similar to that given other citizens who come under the Social Security Act. 5. How does the Teacher Re. tirement System help? 1. It makes It possible for a teacher to increase his use- fulness in service through additional study, travel and similar self-improvement. 2. It frees school boards from discharging one who has rendered good and valued service. 3. It prevents rapid turnover in the teaching profession since people of unusual ca- pacity are less apt to leave for more remunerative work. 4. It increases the dignity of the teaching profession. 5. It protects the public from the waste of school plants manned by superannuated teachers. 6. It helps the unemployment situation by opening posi- tions for young people. 6. How many states already have Teacher Retirement9 On May 1, 1937, state teach- er retirement laws had been enacted in 30 states and ter- ritories. In addition many cities have local retirement plans. At least 11 other states are working toward re- tirement legislation In 1937. 7. Now many teachers are en 42 rolled In Teacher Retirement System? The National Education As- sociation (May 1937) esti- mates that about 65 per cent of the teachers of the United States are protected by some kind of state or local system. This would mean an enroll- ment In retirement system throughout the United States of approximately 650,0(N teachers. 8. Do Teacher Retirement Sys- tenis work successfully? Existing teacher retirement systems have an enviable record over a long period, even during the depression years, for Integrity and sturdy financial reliability. Before a sound retirement system Is established, care- ful calculation by actuarial experts are made to Insure that the money for retire- ment allowances will actually- be available when needed. Periodic audits and proper protection of the reserve funds are essential. Such pre- cautions have been observed in drafting the proposed Kentucky Retirement Law. 9. Does not Kentucky already- have a State Teacher Retire- ment Plan? The Kentucky State Teach- ers' Retirement System en- acted in 1928 Is still inoper- ative. 10. Who pays for Teacher Retire- ment? Since both teachers and pub- lic benefit from a teacher re- tirement system, the 'teachers and the public jointly pay for It. The retirement allowance of one who serves 35 years may be met In the following way: the deductions of the teach- er's salary pay one-fourth of the cost, interest accumula- tions on this salary deduction pay one-fourth, the public's appropriations pay one- fourth, and the interest accu- mulations on the public's ap- propriations pay one-fourth of the cost of retirement al- lowance. iL Who are teachers? Ail persons employed in the public elementary and sec- ondary schools of the state for whom the state. requires professional training and certification, who are employ- ed by a duly elected board of education for the full term for which the school is main- tained. Any division head and other professional staff members of the State Department of Education appointed in ac- cordance with Kentucky Sta- tutes. Any member of a local retire- ment system who becomes a member of the State Retire- ment System according to the provisions of the act. 12. What benefits will a member receive? A retirement allowance and a disability allowance. 18. What are the conditions of retirement? Any member 60 years of age who has completed 20 years of accredited service in Ken- tucky, five of which must have immediately preceded retirement, may retire upon written application to the Board of Trustees of the Teachers' Retirement System. All Members shall be auto- matically retired at the age of 70. 14. What constitutes a year of service? The Board of Trustees of the Retirement System shall de- termine by appropriate regu- lations how much service in any year Is equivalent to one year of service. Service ren- dered for the regular school year In any district shall be equivalent to one year's serv- ice. 15. How is the Retirement An- nuity computed? A member whose age of re- tirement is 60 and less than 65 shall receive 1-2 of 1 per cent of his annual salary for each year of prior service, plus 3-4 of 1 per cent of his annual salary for subsequent service. A member 65 and less than 70 shall receive 3-4 of 1 per cent of his annual salary for each year of prior service plus 1 1-8 per cent of his annual salary for each year of sub- sequent service. A member 70 or over shall receive 1 per cent of his an- nual salary for each year of prior service plus 1 1-2 per cent of his annual salary for each year of subsequent service. 16. What are the mininum and maxlnum allowances for Be- tirement? No retirement allowanice shall: be greater than 1-2 the mem- ber's annual salary, nor 4S greater than $1,000, nor less than $100. 17. What are the conditions of disability? A member over 50 and under 60 who has completed 20 years of accredited service in Kentucky, 5 of which imme- diately precede retirement, shall be granted a disability allowance after he has def- initely established a claim through medical examination. 18. What is the annual sum of the disability allowance? One-half of 1 per cent of the annual salary for each year prior service plus 3-4 of 1 per cent of the annual salary for each year of subsequent service. No disability allowance shall be less than $100 nor more than 1-2 the member's an- nual salary, nor more than $1,000. :19. Rfow much will the Retire- ment Plan cost a member? A member whose age of en- trance is less than 30 years shall contribute to the Re- tirement System 2 per cent of his annual compensation. A member whose age of en- trance is 30 and less than 40 shall contribute 3 per cent of his annual compensation. A member whose age of en- trance is 40 or over shall con- tribute 4 per cent. No member shall contribute more than $80 per year. 19% What does the State pay on a teacher retirement al- lowance? It matches the teachers' de- posits and provides for prior -service liabilities and admin- istration of the system. 20. Does the rate of contribution increase as the teacher In- creases in age? No. As in insurance, the rate is established by the teach- er's age at his entrance into the System and remains fixed. 21. How are the teacher's con- tributions made? The local Board of Education deducts the teacher's contri- bution from each month's salary. 22. Is membership in the Retire- ment System compulsory? All teachers already in serv- ive have the option of be- coming members. Teachers entering the service after the law is in effect have no op- tion but automatically be- come members as a condition of employment. 23. Why should new teachers be required to enter the Teach- er Retirement System? 1 There can be no financial stability In a voluntary sys- tem and without financial stability there is no value in such a law. 2. The State requires the teacher to hold a certifi- cate as an efficiency meas- ure; it also has a right to require membership In the Retirement System as an efficiency measure. 3. It is professionally de- sirable in that it tends to stabilize the profession and gives the teacher a profes- sional attitude. 4. Ft Is socially desirable in that it encourages a habit of thrift. 44 24. Why should present teachers not be required to join the Teacher Retirement System? Present teachers may have made other arrangements for their protection. To force up- on them the additional ob- ligation of contributing to a state teacher retirement plan might prove a hardship. Since membership in a re- tirement system was not a condition at the time present teachers entered the profes- slon It is not thought advis- able to make it a condition after they have entered the profession. Experience has shown that approximately 90 per cent or more of the teachers already In service voluntarily join. 25. How may a present teacher decline membership? A present teacher may file on or before July 1, 1938 with the chief school officer of his district a statement that he does not wish to become a member and waives all ad- vantages that would accrue to him by reason of prior service. 26. How long do present teach- ers have in which to decide whether or not they wish to enter the Teacher Retire- ment System? The plan proposed for Ken- tucky allows present teach- ers one year in which to de- cide whether they wish to enter the system without loss of prior service rights. 27. May a teacher who has de- clined membership later be. come a member? Yes, he may withdraw his 45 statement declining member- ship. If he withdraws his statement before one year has elapsed he need not for- felt his prior service rights, provided he pays the System the assessments plus 3 per cent interest which he would have contributed had he joined the System at its in- auguration. If he withdraws his statement declining mem- bership after one year has elapsed, he becomes a mem- ber as a new entrant with- out prior service rights. 28. If a teacher becomes a mem- ber of the Retirement Sys- tem, may he later withdraw his membership? Yes, besides death are three ways to terminate member- ship: 1. To withdraw from the teaching profession. 2. To be out of the school service 3 out of 6 consecu- tive years. (The Board of Trustees may grant a longer period of absence, but not in excess of 6 years.) 3. To retire for disability or superannuation. 29. Will a person who has prev- iously taught in Kentucky but does not teach during the school year of 1937-38 be per- mitted to become a member with full rights? Yes. If he has taught 3 years of the 6 years previous to July 1, 1938, he may also re- ceive credit for prior service. 30. Will teachers in public insti- tutions of higher learning be- eligible? Yes. 31 Will teaching service In schools in other states be counted? No, only teaching service in Kentucky. .32. Is an allowance accruing to a member exempt from taxa- tion and from execution? Yes. 33. Will a member of the Re- tirement System who leaves the teaching profession be- fore he Is sixty receive fi- nancial benefits? He will be reimbursed for his contributions, including interest at 3 per cent per year, but he will not have any claim on contributions made by the State. 34. If a memler should die be- fore retirement, what bene- fits will his estate receive? The estate or his assigns will receive all of his accumulated contributions including inter- est at 3 per cent, but the, estate shall have no claim on contributions made by the State with a view to his re- tirement. 35. What provision does this plan make for local plans already in effect? A local teachers' retirement system may be merged with the State Retirement Sys- tem whenever a majority of all teachers participating in the local system shall apply for membership. When a local system votes to merge with the State Sys- tem the local system shall be discontinued and the mem- bers of the local system be- come members of the State System on the same basis as other teachers. 36. What provision has been made for the administration of the Teacher Retirement System? The responsibility for proper operation is to be vested In a board of trustees consist- ing of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the At- torney General, and the State Treasurer and four elected members-three of whom shall be teachers and one of whom shall be a person who is not a member of the teach- ing profession. 37. What Is the compensation of members of the Board of Trustees? These members serve with- out compensation but are re- imbursed by the State for actual expenses. 38. How long do the elective members of the board of trustees serve? The first year the teacher- members draw lots for terms 1, 2 and 3 years. Thereafter, the length of term is regu- larly 4 years, one new mem- ber being elected each year. 39. Who Is the treasurer for the Teacher Retirement System? The State Treasurer. 40. What surety bonds are re- quired? The Board of Trustees shall designate the amount of bond given by the secretary of the State Teacher Retire- ment System and may re- quire surety bonds of any other employees, and in such amounts, as it may deem necessary for the protection of the funds. 41. How may Teacher Retire- 41 ment funds be Invested? All purchase of securities and all disbursements shall be authorized by a resolution adopted by the Board of Trus- tees, provided that the laws governing the investment of Insurance companies shall ap- ply to the Investment of the retirement funds. 42. How are teacher-members of the Board of Trustees of the Retirement System elected? By ballot of the members. 43. How are the teachers' and state's funds protected? 1. The laws governing the Investment of funds of In- surance companies within the state apply to the in- vestment of the teacher retirement funds. 2. The treasurer of the State is made the treasurer of the funds. 3. Bonds are required of of- ficers of the association. 4. The law requires actuarial evaluation of the funds every five years. 5. The funds are to be audit- ed annually. 44. How much does the State con- tribute? 1. The State matches each teacher's contribution dol- lar for dollar. 2. The State also makes con- tributions to pay for prior service of present em- ployees. 45. What happens to the money which the teacher contrib- ,utes? .1. It Is kept to her Individual credit-interest 3 per cent :Is added annually. 2. This money is refunded to her if she leaves the pro- fession for any reason be- fore retirement. SERVICE HAS ITS OWN REWARDS (Continued From Page 40) cation of the Hanby Memorial, the former home of the lyric poet and author of the ballad "My Darling Nellie Gray," Mr. Fouse had a place on the pro- gram along with the Governor of Ohio, the President of Otter- bein College, and the City Man- ager of Westerville, Ohio. It was in the Hanby home, which has been made a national shrine, that Mr. Fouse studied as a stu- dent while in college. He represented the Lexington Association of Teachers in Col- ored Schools this year at De- troit In the Representative As- sembly of the National Educa- tion Association. There are only two other American cities that have qualified to have affiliation with this Association through ac- credited Negro units. Patronize Those Who Advertise in the K. N. E. A. Journal 47 1938 K. N. E. A. Honor Roll The following principals and school officials remitted 1938 mem- bership fees on the 100 per cent basis for the teachers in their respec- tive schools, these memberships having been sent to the K. N. E. A.. secretary in one group up to January 27, 1938. School Booker T. Washington George W. Carver Russell Junior High Constitution Dunbar High Greenville Training Lynch S. C. Taylor High Todd County Tr. Sch. Henderson Co. Con. Oliver High Knob City School Morganfield City Sch. Washington Co. Tr. School Prindipal Mrs. Lucy H. Smith Mrs. Fannie White M. H. Griffin J. B. Caudler W. H. Fouse G. C. Wakefield P. W. Williams L. C. Carpenter J. W. Waddell Mrs. W. M. West G. W. Adams H. E. Goodloe K. G. Gaillaspie D. E. Carman city Lexington Lexington Lexington Lexington' Lexington Greenville' Lynch Columbia Elkton Henderson Winchester Russellville Morganfield' Springfield The following county systems had enrolled one hundred per cent in the K. N. E. A. up to January 27, 1938. These schools and counties- Supt. H. F. Bates, Jr. Supt. Nell G. McNamara Supt. Miles Meredith Supt. W. G. Conkwright Supt. Vera Beckham Supt. G. B. Williams *Prof. Wallace Strader Supt. Clyde Lassiter Supt. Mayme Singleton Supt. W. R. Carson, Jr. Supt. N. T. Hooks Supt. C. W. Marshall *Stephen G. Griffin *Sadie L. Jackson 48 denotes the county County Seat Greenville Mt. Sterling Paducah Winchester Clinton Adairville Burlington Hickman Hustonville Hartford Hopkinsville' Columbia London Riley have been sent certificates of honor. A star (*) organizer. Superintendent or County Organizer Muhlenberg Bath McCracken Clark Hickman Logan Boone Fulton Lincoln Ohio Christian Adair Laurel Marion "The Pride of Louisville' Louisville Municipal College LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY A Four-Year College of Liberal Arts and Scence Few Acdedted as a Class A Insti by the southern Associaion of Colleges and Secondary Schools For Catalogue and Jnoraon Addres THE D:EA WEST KENTUCKY INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE Offers Curricula in Vocational Education, Elementary Teacher Training, and Liberal Arts, on the Junior College Level. x. C. RSSE, Preident Paducah, Kentcky -

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