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Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.1 n.4
Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.1 n.4 Kentucky Negro Educational Association 400dpi TIFF G4 page images University of Kentucky, Electronic Information Access & Management Center Lexington, Kentucky 2003 kneav1n4 These pages may freely searched and displayed. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.1 n.4 Kentucky Negro Educational Association Kentucky Negro Educational Association Louisville, Kentucky April 1931 $IMLS This electronic text file was created by Optical Character Recognition (OCR). No corrections have been made to the OCR-ed text and no editing has been done to the content of the original document. Encoding has been done through an automated process using the recommendations for Level 1 of the TEI in Libraries Guidelines. Digital page images are linked to the text file. a Volume I April, 1931 Number 4 _ Program Issue One of Our New Rural Buildings THE NEWBURG SCHOOL, JEFFERSON COUNTY A. L. Garvin, Principal This is the fourth of a series of school buildings recently con- structed for Golored Youth by the Kentucky Boards of Education. _ "An Equal Educational Opportunitp for Every Kenlucky Child" 4fruvufbAs OF~~~£PClATIO^6" o' .~~67 A.&AN K-E-N-T-U-C-K-Y C-E-N-T-R-A-L Life and Accident Insurance Company ANCHORAGE, KENTUCKY Over One Million Three Hundred Thousand Dollars Paid To Policyholders and Beneficiaries in 1929 AS FOLLOWS: 128,351 Weekly Indemnity Claims for ........................ $1,016,855.43 2,600 Death and Dismemberment Claims ................. 307,499.07 128,351 Weekly Indemnity Claims for ... I ............... $1,016,855.42 Over Ten Million Dollars Paid to Policyholders and Beneficlaries Since Organization LOUISVILLE DISTRICT OFFICE: Banker's Trust Building District Offices in all principal Cities of Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsylvania and Michigan Louisville Municipal College 7- :.- i * ,~ ~ e*e FOR NEGROES ORGANIZED AS A FOUR YEAR LIBERAL ARTS .COLLEGE - . Announces a SUMMER SESSION Especially Planned For Teachers College Credit To Those Meeting Entrance Requiirements' Expenses Reasonable Strong Faculty, FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, ADDRESS THE DEAN Regular College Session Begins In September I - .: -.I- -- .. I I.;.... .. . iI. . The K. N. E. A. Journal Official Organ of the Kentucky Negro Educational Association Volume I April, 1931. Number 4 Published by the Kentucky Negro Educational Association Editorial office at 2518 Magazine Street Louisville, Kentucky Atwood S. Wilson, Executive Secretary, Louisville, Managing Editor W. H. Humphrey, Maysville, President of K. N. E. A. Board of Directors J. L. Bean, Versailles W. S. Blanton, Frankfort S. L. Barker, Owensboro F. A. Taylor, Louisville Published Bimonthly during the school year: October, December, February and April PRICE 50 CENTS PER YEAR OR 15 CENTS PER COPY Membership in the K. N. E. A. (One: Dollar) includes subscription to the Journal Rates for Advertising space mailed on request Present Circulation: 1500 copies . . . 1930 K. N. E. A. Membership 1270 CONTENTS Page Editorial Comment . ........................................ 2 Sidelights on 1931 K. N. E. A. Program ........................ 4 Announcements for 1931 K. N. E. A. Convention ................ 6 President of N. A. T. C. S. on Program ........................ 8 Present Secretary for Re-Election ........ ..................... 9 President Humphrey Greets Teachers ......................... 12 The K. N. E. A. Honor Roll .........14 The Music Teachers' Association....... 16 The Advantages of Class Piano (By R. L. Carpenter) ................. 17 The Value of Athletics to Our Schools (By H. S. Wilson) ........ 19 K. N. E. A. Kullings ........................................ 20 The B. T. Washington School at Ashland .21 D. H. Anderson to Run for K. N. E. A. President .22 The Racial Situation in America (By W. W. Alexander) .......... 23 The Cosmopolitan School Quartette ........................... 27 Lillian M. Lemon on Musical Program ......................... 28 Myth Along the Color Line ........ i. .......................... 29 P.-T. A. President Announces Convention ...................... 30 Some School Law Questions ................................. 31 The. May Underwood High School at Frankfort ................. 32 [Editorial Comments~ HOMES Homes may be secured by writing in advance. Write as early as possible in order to get the best accomodation-s. Most teachers have stopping places but those who desire may secure homes through the K. N. E. A. office. Rates -will be one dollar per night for sleeping, 35 cents for breakfast, and 40 cents for dinner. Make your arrangements at the outset to avoid any misunderstanding. Cafeterias near our meet- ing will furnish meals at reasonable rates. ENROLL BY MAIL Principals and organizations are enrolling their teachers in groups. All such 100 per cent advance enrollments are placed on the K. N. E. A. Honor Roll. This Honor Roll will be published in our various Ken- tucky weeklies, and a special record to be shown at the 1931 meeting. Certificates of Honor will be sent to all' 100 per cent schools. A dollar from every teacher is expected whether they attend the meeting at Louisville or not. Do your part. Help maintain the K. N. E. A. RAILROAD CERTIFICATES Identification Certificates insuring reduced rates to the K. N. E. A. meeting in April may be obtained from the secretary. Secure certifi- cates early. None will be sent you unless you request same. Your 1931 membership card along with your certificate, is a guarantee of reduced rates. Do not wait. Enroll now. SECTIONAL MEETINGS Each teacher should plan to visit a Departmental Meeting of the K. N. E. A. The first meetings will be on Thursday afternoon of the K. N. E. A. convention. The sectional meetings have been arranged in the afternoons for the convenience of all. Eight departments will have programs. On each program there will be one or more outstand- ing speakers. The K. N. E. A. is paying the speakers' expenses to Louisville for some of these speakers in order to make sectional meet- ings more attractive. Read the program of these departments and attend the one which you feel will benefit you in your work. For professional improvement attend a sectional programn. OUR MEETING PLACE. We shall hold the general sessions of the K. N. E. A. at the C. M. E. Church on Chestnut Street, between Eighth and Ninth. This is very near the Central High School where sectional meetings are to be held 2 and will be very convenient. Moreover this church will seat a larger number than our former meeting places and the K. N. E. A. should hold very successfull sessions in our new meeting place. Do not forget, the headquarters of the K. N. E. A. will be at the C. M. E. 'Church and not at Quinn Chapel as heretofore. Meet all of your friends in and about the C.. M. E. Church. THE SPELLING BEE The Annual State Spelling Bee will be on Friday morning of the K. N. E. A. meeting in the Elementary School Department. Twelve prizes will be awarded, the first four being prizes of $10.00, $5.00, $3.00, and $2.00, and the remainder being dictionaries. The Louis- ville Courier-Journal has agreed to donate ten dollars and eight dic- tionaries for prizes in the K. N. E. A. 'Spelling Bee. From all indica- tions this will be the largest spelling bee in the history of the K. N. E. A. Local elimination contests have been held throughout the State and the winners will be in Louisville for the finals. ELECTION OF OFFICERS The district organizations of the K. N. E. A. will serve as the nomi- nating committee of the K. N. E. A. as heretofore. Bliss M. S. Brown of the First District will serve as chairman of the committee and will report 1931 nominations to the association at the general morning session, Thursday, April 16, 1931. Election will be by ballot on Friday, April 17 and will be conducted according to the constitution (the plan used in 1929). Each teacher should, therefore, bring his membership card to the meeting. The terms of two directors expire this year. These directors, Prof. F. A. Taylor of Louisville, and Prof. S. L. Barker of Owensboro, will be up for re-election. It is customary for a K. N. E. A. president to serve two years and a new president will therefore be elected this year, Prof. W. H. Hum- phrey retiring. All other officers of the Association may succeed themselves if they so desire. All of them, including the present secretary-treasurer, will seek re-election. The election will be under the direction of an election committee to be appointed by the president of the K. N. E. A. INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITS Teachers are urged to plan industrial and other types of exhibits in accordance with the plans outlined in the December K. N. E. A. Journal. There will be plenty of space in the Central High School gym- nnasium. Teachers are urged to arrange exhibit items on Wednesday afternoon and early Thursday morning for inspection by 9:00 a. m. on Thursday, April 16. Ribbons will be awarded by competent judges on Thursday, April 16, at 1:00 p. mn., and the prizes will be given out Sat- urday, April 18, at 10 a. m., by the secretary of the K. N. E. A. Vat the general session. 3 Sidelights on 1931 K. N. E. A. Program Central Theme: "Guidance in Negro Education." Wednesday, April 15, 1931 9:30 A. M. Registration of Teachers, C. M. E. Church, 807 W. Chestnut Street, Louisville, Ky. 10:00 A. M. Arrangement of literary and industrial exhibit items at the Central High School gymnasium. 12:30 P. M. Inspection of the new Kentucky Municipal College for Negroes at Seventh and Kentucky streets. 3:15 P. M. Principals' Confrence-R. D. Roman, Chairman (at the C. M. E. Church and open to all local and visiting teachers). 7:15 P. M. Program of the State Music Association, R. L. Carpen- ter, Directress Special feature: Cosmopolitan Quartette, Indianapolis, Id. 8:15 P. M. C. M. E. Church, First General Session of the K. N. E. A. 8:25 P. M. Welcome Address-Marguerite Parks, Louisville. 8:35 P. M. Response to Welcome-H. E. Goodloe, Russellville. 8:35 P. M. Address-W. H. Humphrey, President of K. N. E. A. 9:15 P. M. Address-Charles Satchell Morris, Jr., A. B., The Uni- versity of Chicago, A. M., Columbia University, of Lynch- burg, Va. 10:00 P. M. Awarding of K. N. E. A. District enrollment Trophy by A. S. Wilson, Secretary of K. N. E. A. Thursday, April 16, 1931 9:00 A. M. Opening of Second General Session, C. M. E. Church. 9:30 A. M. Report of Legislative Committee, J. Max Bond. 10:00 A. M. Address: Dr. John Rufi, Professor of Secondary Edu- cation, the University of Missouri. 10:45 A. M. Nomination of K. N. E. A. presidents. 11:15 A. M. Address-Dr. Thomas D. Wood, professor of Health Education, Columbia University. 11:45 A. M. Special Talking Picture, Palace Theater, Eleventh and Walnut Streets. Free to members of the K. N. E. A. wearing badges. 2:30 P. M. Sectional meetings of various departments at the C. M. M. E. Church, Central High School, Y. M. C. A. and Western Branch Library. 7:15 P. M. Music program at C. M. E. Church, R. L. Carpenter, Directress. 8:176 P. M. Opening of Third General Session of K. N. E. A. 4 8:30 P. M. Address-"Fact and Myth Along the Color Line," Dr. W. 0. Brown, Professor of Sociology, the University of Cincinnati. 9:15 P. M. Address-Fannie C. Williams, President of the N. A. T. C. S., New Orleans, Louisiana. Friday, April 17, 1931 8:30 A. M. Sectional meetings continued from Thursday afternoon. 9:00 A. M. Inter-Racial meeting of State Educators at C. M. E. Church Sunday School room under the supervision of J. Max Bond. 10:30 A. M. State Spelling Contest-Auspices of the Elementary School Department, Mrs. L. H. Smith, Chairman. 2:15 P. M. Opening of Fourth General Session at C. M. E. Church. 2:30 P. M. Address-Rufus Clement, Ph. D., Dean of the Louis- ville Municipal College for Negroes. 3:30 P. M. State Declamatory Contest. (Each legislative district my have one representative.) 7:00 P. M. Physical exhibition begins at Armory. 7:15 P. M. Elementary school pupils at organized play at Armory. 8:00 P. M. High school girls in calesthenic exercises at Armory. 8:30 P. M. Junior high school track events at Armory. 9:00 P. M. Senior high school track events at Armory. 10:00 P. M. Social period begins at Armory. Saturday, April 18. ('General BusinessSession at C. M. E. Church.) 9:00 A. M. Conmunity singing led by R. L. Carpenter. 9:15 A. M. Report of the Election Committee and the installation of new K. N. E. A. officers. 10:00 A. M. Report of Special K. N. E. A. Committees and directors of departments. 11:00 A. M. Secretary's annual report and awarding of exhibit prizes. 11:30 A. M. New business and adjournment. (Special music numbers throughout program.) DEPARTMENTAL MEETINGS OF K. N. E. A. Thursday, April 16, at 2:30 P. M., and Friday, April 17, at 8:30 A. M. Department Place Athletic.Chestnut Street Y. M. C. A. Commercial ...................Room 104, Centl High School Elementary School.................... 4The C. M. E. Church High School and College. .......... Room 201, Central High School Industrial Arts . ................. Room 203, Central High School Music. . Arts ................... Central High School Chapel Primary..........Wa......... Western Bnch Library Principals' Conference .....Sunday School Room of C. M . Church Rural.. Room 202, Central High School 5 Announcements For 1931 K. N. E. A. Convention Prof. C. L. Timberlake, of Greenville, Ky., has announced that he is a candidate for the presidency of the K. N. E. A. Prof. Timberlake is well known throughout the state of Kentucky and for a number of years has been a loyal worker for the K. N. E. A. He is, at present, in charge of the County Training School at Greenville and is reported to be doing a very good educational service in his county. He deserves the consideration of Kentucky teachers for the office which he seeks. His name will, therefore appear on the official K. N. E. A. ballot. * ** * The election of officers of the K. N. E. A. will be held on Friday, April 17, and the nominations of K. N. E. A. presidents will be made at the Thursday morning session. From 8 a. m. to 6 p. m. on Friday, April 17, teachers may vote by ballot for the various candidates by presenting their membership cards as evidence of eligibility to vote. The general sessions of the K. N. E. A. will be held at the 'C. M. E. Church on Chestnut Street be- tween Eighth and Ninth, in Louis- ville. Kentucky. * ..* e* The Eleventh Annual Exhi- bition will be held at t h e Armory on Friday night, April 17th and the usual s o c i a l period from 10 to 12 p. m. will be a feature of the program. Special orchestra music and re freshments will tend to make this a most pleasant evening for all visiting teachers. At the night sessions of the K. N. E. A., members of the K. N. E. A. are to be given preference with regard to seating. It is pos- sible that those not members of the K. N. E. A. will be charged a fee of 25c unless they have been given tickets by some member of the K. N. E. A. Such a procedure will prevent teachers from having to stand during the programs while those who do not bear the expense of the program are per- mitted to take seats. Mr. J. Max Bond will have a special conference on "Negro Education in Kentucky" on Friday morning, April 17, at 8:30 a. m. in the Sunday school room of the C. M. E. Church. The colored principals of the state, the heads of our Negro institutions, and teachers interested in the higher education of the Negro are in- vited to this conference. There will also be invited to this con- ference various superintendents of the state and officials interest- ed in the education of the Negro. Colored teachers who are in- terested in the commercial ex- hibits of the K. E. A. will he per- mitted to attend such exhibits in the Columbia Auditorium. It is suggested that teachers arrange to inspect such exhibits in the afternoon from 5 to 7 p. m. A talking picture will be pre- sented to the enrolled members of the K. N. E. A. on Thursday morning, April 16, at 11:30 a. m. at the Pulace Theater. This picture is given at the expense of the K. N. E. A. treasury and is free to teachers who wear badges. It is hoped that our visiting teachers as well as our local teachers will take advantage of -this entertain- ment offered by the K. N. E. A. It is expected that at least 5,000 patrons will attend the Armory on Friday night. Every teacher should plan to be present to meet his friends to spend a pleasant evening. The Primary Department will hold its sectional meeting at the Western Branch Library at Tenth and Chestnut Streets. Advance sale of tickets to the Armory will be 35c, if purchased before Friday, April 17. The State Parent-Teacher As- sociation is to meet in Louisville at the Western Branch Library, Monday and Tuesday, April 13 and 14, 1931. Mrs. Essie D. Mack, the president, is planning a very splendid program and de- sires every P.-T. A. in Kentucky to send delegates. Teachers are urged to write the Secretary as soon as possible if they desire him to secure them stopping places while in Louis- ville to attend the April meeting. One of the best addresses of our program will be that of Prof. W. 0. Brown, of the University 7 of Cincinnati, on the Thursday night program. One of the best features of the Thursday night program of the K. N. E. A. will be music to be furnished by the glee club of the Kentucky State Industrial Col- lege under the direction of Miss Wheatley. Other organizations that have agreed to furnish mu- sic numbers on the K. N. E. A. program consists of Madison and Jackson Junior High Schools, of Louisville, a chorus consisting of pupils of the Jefferson County schools, the Central High school glee club, the Louisville Normal school glee club, the Kappa Alpha Psi quartet, Lincoln Institute glee club, the Jefferson County Chil- dren's Home chorus, Kentucky School for the Blind band, and the State Music Teachers Asso- ciation. Miss Emma Lewis, of Hampton Institute, has been engaged to give demonstrations in the Ele- mentary School Department at the C. M. E. Church during the K. N. E. A. convention. * *: * * Teachers who desire lunches at reasonable rates during the K. N. E. A. convention may secure same &t the C. M. E. Church, Bright's Pharmacy, Page's Con- fectionery, and White's Pharm- acy. National Negro Health Week will be April 5 to 12, 1931. Ken- tucky taechers are urged to plan health programs throughout the week and cooperate to improve our general health situation. President of N. A. T. C. S. On Program On the program of the 1931 convention of the K. N. E. A. there xvill appear Miss Fannie C. Wil- liams, the president of the Na- tional Association of Teachers in Colored schools, an organization representing 45,000 Colored teachers throughout the United States. She is to speak on Thurs- day, April 16, in Louisville, Ken- tucky at our 55th Annual Session. Miss Williams is the principal of one of the large elementary schools of New Orleans aitd is nationally known because of her studies in Negro education. She ranks among our leading women of America and honors the teach- ers of Kentucky by her appear- ance on the program. In speak- ing of her desires for 1931 she writes as follows: "There are three institutions which have for their sole (purpose the care, nurture, development and growth of the young. These institutions are the home, the church and the school. All are vital essentials of the community, the state, the national common- wealth. Each institution has its special work to do-instilling, guiding and giving children a chance to gro;wv in health, intellect, spirit and emotional attitudes. "My wish to my country and its citizens is threefold: First, I wish for every boy and every girl, every adolescent, a home where love, sympathy, knowledge and Christian ideals are found; a home from vwhich the mother sends out each day the adults and children physically and mentally prepared to do the day's task; a home that 8 provides wholesome amusements for its children and that super- vises the recreation beyond its doors; a home where parents co- operate with all wholesome influ- ences of child life; a home that fits children to live the creative life. "Second, that each church ac- cording to its faith and rules would so provide within its walls for health work, play and recrea- tion, study periods, story hours during the week and on Sunday thus giving to the children a mod- ern, systematized church school. This would insure each child spiritual guidance through the activities of daily living. "Third, for a school where t e a c h e r s understand children, their needs and their varying abilities, so that John Doe, who loves to do with his hands, will not be forced to use only his memory and Mary Roe, who ivants to make jingles and rhymes will not be considered a nuisance; a school that provides vocational guidance so that each child shall be reached through his individual interest; a school that teaches children how to work and live together; a sclhool that is a cen- ter to the community and pro- vides for the play life and effi- cient citizenship of its children. "Thus, through the consumma- tion of these wishes a community would evolve. Here the children would be considered the assets of the community. This can only be accomplished through provid- ing wholesome environment for every child. "President Hpover ihas said: 'Civilization marches on the feet of little children' Then all three wishes must surely mean that health, happiness, Christian guid- ance at home, school, church and wholesome recreation are asked for our children during 1931." Present Secretary For Re-Election As announced in the December K. N. E. A. Journal, the present secretary, Atwood S. Wilson, will be a candidate fcr re-election at the 1931 session of the K. N. E. A. He will ask for a vote of con- fidence on the part of teachers out of consideration of his achievements as secretary of the K. N. E. A. Some of these achievements are as follows: 1. Through the promotion of annual exhibitions at the Louis- ville Armory, a K. N. E. A. Scholarship Fund has been estab- lished, students in some of the leading universities having al- ready received loans, thus indica- ing its successful operation. 2. A teachers' agency has been established through which several teachers have been placed and co- operation given various Kentucky Superintendents in the selection of teachers. 3. The membership of the K. N. E. A. has been increased over 30 per cent, and to the highest rank in per cent of teachers en- rolled, of any Colored teachers association in the United States. 4. The K. N. E. A. has been kept out iof debt, established a surplus in the treasury, and kept the money in Colored banks. 5. The K. N. E. A Journal has has been published regularly and on time, containing at least thirty- 9 A. S. WILSON Secretary K. N. E. A. two pages pages per issue. This publication was started by the sec- retary this year and has already received the indorsement of the State Department of Education and the praise of the General Edu- cation Board. 6. The industrial exhibits have been placed in the hands of the industrial education department where they rightly belong and an allotment of two hundred dollars for state prizes has been made. 7. He secures speakers for the general program of national importance and he plans to make this procedure a definite policy. He states, that when teachers go to the expense of coming to Lou- isville that they should hear the best of our race whether they live in Kentucky or not. It is his plan to continue to secure for the programs such people of the class of Mrs. Mary McLord Bethune; Mrs. Sallie W. Stewart, Mrs.Mary Church Terrell, Miss Nannie Bur- roughs, Mrs. Fannie C. Williams, Dr. Mordecia Johnson, Dr. R. R. Moton, Dr. John Hope, President John W. Davis, Prof. Charles Satchell Morris, Dr. Carter Wood- son, President Thomas E. Jones (Fisk University), Dr. C. H. Par- rish. Dr. Rufus Clement, etc. In addition other state educators shall continue to contribute to departmental programs and often be on general programs as here- tofore. 8. He plans to continue to bring specialists to each of our departments of education. He expresses as his aim, the desire to have teachers receive the ad- vice and inspiration of experts at the annual meeting as far as possible. Last year the K. N. E. A. began such a practice by hav- ing Miss Minnie Lewis, of Hamp- ton Institute, to address the Ele- menttry Educational Department. 9. The principles which were outlined by Prof. Wilson in his objectives of the K. N. E..A. have been very successfully inaugu-' rated and shall act as a basis of future activity. These objectives include, longer school terms, bet- ter' salaries, better buildings and 10 more consolidation and transpor- tation. He has visited the coun- ties and made talks and recom- mendations al ng the line of con- solidation and transportation. The pictures of our new schocls have been placed in the outside and inside of the K. N. E. A. Journals to encourage other boards of edu- cation to furnish colored youth better buildings. 10. Advertisements to finance the publications have been secured by the secretary and a continuous effort along this line will be made to add to the revenue and make it possible not to tax the teachers except for the annual fee of one dollar. Certain large gifts have been received annually and an ef- fort will be made to increase the number. 11. The secretary plans to con- tinue to make visits with the legis- lative committee to Frankfort and to pay the expenses of this com- mittee as he has already done. 12. Co-operation withthe K. E. A. will be continued. Evidence of this has been the securing of K. E. A. speakers on our program, the securing of the privilege for 1931 for colored teachers to at- tend some of the sessions of the K. N. E. A. and to observe their commercial exhibits. Mr. Wilson only seeks re-elec- tion as a result of his achieve- ment. He does not seek re-elec- tion on promises only. He has served the organization faithfully, and loves the work. He has tried to represent the teachers of the state intelligently, by constantly keeping abreast with the new phases of educational activity and by continuing to study at the University of Chicago, e v e'n though 'he holds degrees from both Fisk University and the University of Chicago. As sec- retary of the K. N. E. A. Mr. Wilson rightfully represents the educational forces of Kentucky. Where there is union there is strength. Let every one inter- ested in the welfare of the K. N. E. A. in its effort to further edu- cational advancement, vote for Prof. Wilson at the 1931 meet- ing. As it is, the organization w i 11 undergo several official changes and it is known that at least one person in control must stick to keep the association on the sound basis. Think it over and talk it over. Compare tabulated results and think for yourself and decide for yourself that Prof. A. S. Wilson, is the only man for the place. Committee: Prof. W. H. Perry, Jr., Miss M. S. Brown, Mr. Lee L. Brown, Miss Gladys Foust, Chairnman. Fisk Given Class "A" Rating By Association of Colleges First Survey of Its Kind In South Fisk has been granted "A" class rating by the Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools of the Southern 'States at its an- nual mee+ing held in Atlanta, Ga., December 2. Six other Negro Colleges were granted "B" class rating. Dr. Arthur Wright, head of the Department of Education at Dartmouth College, was t h e representative appointed by the committee of the Association to conduct the survey. This is the first time a survey of the Negro colleges of the South has been made by that Association and Fisk is the first and only Negro college to receive its "A" class rating. Last year when the association held its meeting in Lexington, Ky. President Jones attended the ses- sion and worked with the com- mittee to get the Association to survey the Negro colleges. He was successful and in October, 11 Dr. Wright, the representative, spent a week on the campus and gave the Association a very fine report of Fisk University. Schools receiving "B" class rating were Talladega College, Morehouse College, and Johnson C. Smith University. This does not mean that their bachelors will not be recognized, but it does mean that they are deficient in not more than one phase of their organization or equipment. Additional Announcements for 1931 K. N. E. A. Visit the exhibits at Central High gymnasium. The Louisville schools will have a special exhib- its of health education charts and art work. Ribbons will be awarded exhib- it items on Thursday, April 16, at 1 p. m. The prizes will be awarded at the Saturday morn- ing session. President Humphrey Greets Teachers ]P:ar Fellow Teachers: At this time I wish to call upon every Kentucky teacher to make plans to attend the 1931 conven- tion of the K. N. E. A. Great efforts have been put forth to have one of the best programs in our history for the meeting in Louisville, April 15 to 18, 1931. Outstanding educators of the Uni- ted States have been secured, both on the general programs and on sectional programs. Special atten- tion has been given to exhibits in industrial education and demon- stration work in the various de- partments. These features will be especially beneficial to the class room teacher. A music program being arranged includes choice musicial selections of the highest type and by the best artistswhich we have in Kentucky. Miss R. L. Carpenter has worked very dili- gently on this part of the pro- gram. Through the co-operation of Messrs. L. N. Taylor and J. Max Bond, the interracial work of the K. N. E. A. continues to im- prove, as indicated by several an- nouncements elsewhere in this Journal. Our theme for the 1931 session is, "Guidance in *Negro Educa- cation." It is quite necessary that we who are leaders in educa- tion inspire Negro boys and girls to get the right type of education and use the education which they obtain along the right lines. More emphasis should be placed on vo- cational education and our boys and girls should be watched more carefully in order that we might W. H. HUMPHREY President of K. N. E. A. see that they are led to the best occupations in keeping with their abilities. Throughout the pro- gram these ideas will be empha- sized at the 1931 session by the various speakers. through the secretary of this Association, we have sent all teachers enrolled in the K. N. E. A., the K. N. E. A. Journal which publication has received praise of educators throughout the country and it is hoped that every teacher will continue to support the K. N. E. A. by paying his annual dues in order that this excellent publi- cation might be. continued. It would be very worthwhile if this 1 2 Journal could be published month- ly. In order to do so, however, it seems necessary that at least fifty cents be added to the present enrollment fee. This is a proce- dure of the Kentucky Educational Association and is worth consid- ering by this Association. One of the main accomplishments of the K. N. E. A. Journal has been the display of new school buildings in Kentucky, which, undoubtedly, will influence other boards of education to give to the Negro youth of Kentucky the best pos- sible along the line of school build- ings. As president of your Associa- tion, I have endeavored to fulfill my pre-election promises. With the assistance of the brains and energy of our most capable sec- retary, Atwood S. Wilson, the fol- lowing pre-election promises have been fulfilled: (1) The creation of a K. N. E. A. and K. E. A. joint committee for the purpose of bringing stronger relations be- tween the two associations in Kentucky engaged in educational work. As indicated elsewhere in this Journal, this committee has done good work along this line; (2) the creation of a scholarship fund, same having actually func- tioned during my administration; (3) the meeting of the legislative committee at Frankfort on several occasions and the taking of such steps as thought best to aid Negro education in the state; (4) the raising of vocational education to a - higher plane-this being somewhat accomplished! through the annual programs at which industrial education and voca- tional guidance hai e been stressed; and (5) inspiring boards of education to take a more prog- ressive attitude towards the needs of Negro children. We have at- tempted to urge better buildings and higher salaries. While it has been difficult to accomplish in a period of two years all things that are desirable, I have, nevertheless, made attempts along the lines which I pledged to work before my election. I wish to thank the teachers of Kentucky for the very splendid co-operation given me dwiang the two years of my serving you as President of the K. N. E. A. I wish for this' Associatioa con- tinued progress and forecast that its future development will exceed our expectations if the teachers of Kentucky continue to rally to the support of the K. N. E. A. in the same degree that has been in evi- dence the last few years. May all of us gather in Louisville for our fifty-fifth session and receive that inspiration and encourage ment so much needed by those leading and molding the lives of the future Negro citizens in Ken- tucky.. Yours for education, W. H. HUMPHREY, President of R. N. E. A. Have You IF NOT-DO SO Enrolled for 1931? NOW! SEND ONE DOLLAR to A. S. WILSON, Secretary otf K. N. E. A. 2518 Magazine Street Louisville, Ky. 13 K. N. E. A. Honor Roll (One Hundred Percent Enrollmnnt Units to March 15, 1931.) City Schools Beaver Dam Stanford Earlington Paducah (Garfield) Elizabethtown Lancaster Guthrie Springfield Providence Newport Glasgow Cynthians Greenville Mayfield Princeton Adairville Lynch Russellville Middlesboro Winchester Shelbyville Fulton Dunbar Madison Junior High Mary B. Talbert Benj. Baunecker G. G. Moore Lincoln Institute Ky. State Ind. College County Christian Adair Ohio Mason Laurel Hsrdin Meade Principal Prof. W. C. Jackson Prof. W. D. Tardif Prof. T. R. Bailey Mrs. M. 0. Strauss Prof. R. L. Dowery Miss Laura Chase Prof. R. M. Small Prof. 1C. V. Haynes Prof. W. 0. Nuckolls Miss Nora H. Ward Prof. W. I. Robison Prio. W. E. Newsoim Prof. C. L. Timberlake Prof. J. Bryant Cooper Supt. H. V. Taylor Prof. W. M. Thomas Prof. P. W. Williams Prof. H. E. Goodloe Prof. W. L. Shobe Prof. E. E. Reed Prof. R. D. Roman Prof. G. D. Rose Louisville Schools Mrs.'Ellen L. Taylor Prof. A. S. Wilson Mrs. Nora Payne Mrs. F. L. McCaskill Miss Mabel L. Coleman State Institutions Pres. B. E. Robison Pres. R. B. Atwood Organizer Supt. H. If;. Peters Supt. Noah Loy Prof. W. C. Jackson Mrs. Elizabeth Bowen Prof. Wallzee St.iader Supt. T. M. Lewis Mts. Alice Williams 14 Prof. C. M. Burns de Mrs. E. G. Clark Supt. A. M. Shelton Prof. F. A. Smith Miss 'Mary Lancaster Supt. Luclie Sharp Supt. F. a. McDowell Supt. E. G. Rogers Stipt. Ira Bell Miss C. D. Miurray Miss Aritha White Mrs. Lafie Coffield Prof. H. E. Neal Prof. Karl Walker Mrs. Nora E. Sutton Supt. Addie Owens Mrs. H. L. Graves THE AIM OF EDUCATION The aim and office of instruc- tion, say many people, is to make a man a good citizen, or a good Christian, or a gentleman; or it is to fit him to get on in the world, or it is to enable him to do his duty in that state of life to which he is called. It is none of these, and the modern spirit more and more discerns it to be none of these. These are at best secon- dary and indirect aims of instruc- tion; its prime direct aim is to en- able a man to know himself and the world.-Matthew Arnold. 15 Garrard Washington Scott McLean Marion Mercer Muhlenberg Powell Wayne Nicholas Madison Crittenden Simpson Perry Logan Russell Taylor URGE YOUR FRIENDS TO SUBSCRIBE TO THE K. N. E. A. JOURNAL AND TO JOIN THE K. N. E. A. No Kentucky Teacher Should Fail to Enroll SEND ONE DOLLAR To A. S. WILSON, Secretary 2518 Magazine Street, Louisville, Ky. The Music Teachers' Association The State Music Teachers' As- sociation has -for the past eight years sponsored a one-hour mu- sical program on Wednesdays and Thursday evening during the week of the K. N. E. A. These programs have been interesting as well as beneficial. We have been able to bring before the public musical talent which might otherwise have been unknown. In fact, the public looks forward to these programs from year to year. We are making an effort this year to furnish the best program and to reorganize the Association in order that we may be able to place more persons on the pro- grams in the future. In order that we may have more time for this work we have called a conference for music teachers Tuesday, April 14, at which time we may discuss some questions of vital importance. . Mrs. Lillian LeMon, of In- dianapolis, president of the Na- tional Association of Negro Mu- sicians, will be present. She will bring a quartet from Indiana~polis whom we shall present in concert Tuesday night. Mrs. LeMon comes to us not only as president of the National Association of Negro Musicians, but also as president of the Cos- mopolitan School of Music o fwhich she is organizer. She is a mem- ber of the Music Indianapolis and is musicians all over Her coming will deal to us. Promoters of well known to thie country. mean a great Outline of Program Tuesday, April 14, 10:00 a. M.- Conference-Jones Temple. Tuesday, April 14, 2:00 p. m.- Conference Jones Temple. Tuesday, April 14, 8:00 p. i.- Concert-C. M. E. Church. Wednesday, April 15, 7:00 p. m. - Students' Concert. Thursday, April 16, 7:00 p. m.- Artists' Concert. We wish to extend to all mu- sicians and music lovers an in- vitation to attend the conference on Tuesday. In fact, we wish to urge you to come. Music Department-K. N. E. A. Because of the fact that the Music Department of the K. N. E. A. is emphasizing instrumental music we have planned to have demonstrations with the piano classes and other instrumental classes. We trust that each teacherwill not only attend $these meetings but will urge their friends to at- tend. Give us the inspiration of your presence. R. Lillian Carpenter, Chairman, Music Department Any person, not a teacher, may enroll as an Associate Member of the K. N. E. A. They may pay One Dollar and attend all sessions free, and receive the K. N. E.A.Journal. 16 The Advantages of Class Piano By R. L. Carpenter, Louisville Public Schools. Public School Music is focusing from a vocal to an instrumental basis. Educators have discovered that pupils who play the piano, learn to play other instruments more easily; that the piano is the ioundation not only for other instruments but for ear-training; that children are manimpulistic- they have motion as well as emo- tion. No study has so much general educational value as the study of music. Since the piano is the universal musical instrument, all children should be given an op- portunity to study it; and since music appeals to all normal chil- dren, they have a right to instruc- tion in it. For a number of years only a small number of children could study piano because of the ex- pense of private lessons. In many cases the talented children have been neglected because their par- ents were not financially able to have them study. We can readily see that private instructions are too expensive for the masses. Piano Class work is about twenty-five years old. It is prov- ing its own worth. There are at present eight hundred and sev- enty-three cities with piano classes in their school system. By teaching a group of ten or twelve children the teacher is able to put the fee for each lesson within the reach of the masses. At the same time the 'teacher is able to increase her own wages 17 which in many cases have been too low. Class instruction, then, has an economic value worthy of consideration. Children get a great deal of cnjoyment -iom class instruction Ebecause the former musi2 lesson becomes a socialized activity- The stronger pupils aid the weaker ones; there is created a friendly rivalry-so essential to real prog- ress; and boys become interested. Modern inventions have so les- sened the duties and responsibili- ties of children in the home that there has developed a leisure time problem. If the masses of c-i5l- dren were allowed to take advan- tages of class instruction in piano, this problem would be partially solved. Children would be taken from the streets because of their interest in the piano. Class in- struction will create more interest in this type of child than indivi- dual instructions. This is also a medium through which parents may discover the musical ability of their children without a great deal of expense. It lays a foundation for more ex- tensive study for the child who wishes to become professional. Today a large number of mu- sicians are engaged in music as a business. The profession is be- coming more remunerative. Busi- ness men have become interested and are giving their influence to the great project through news- papers, the radio, graphophone, and player piano. Probably, the greatest advan- tage in group teaching is that ten or twelve children may be taught to play the piano in one class as successfully as any other subject can be taught. This is beiause group interest begets individual interest; because mass enthusiasm kindles individual enthusiasm. The children learn from each other by observation and imitation. Ap- plication and practice are stim- ulsted by friendly competition. Timid children soon require con- fidence by playing before their class mates. Playing for others becomes a habit. Ensemble playing so vital to true musicianship, is the regular procedure, not the exception in piano classes. M..any children who never be- fore have taken lessons before have learned within ten lessons to play many pieces using both clefs and have learned also to trans- pose the same pieces to several other keys. They learn not only the fundamentals of playing the piano, but also the fundamentals of rhythm, harmony and form as well. Educationally as well as econo- mically class instruction in the fundamentals is bound to super- cede individual instruction. Pri- vate teachers will benefit event- ually because as the pupil in class advance they will require private instruction in the finer phases of the art, the advanced technic 'and musicianship required of the artist performers. Finally, class piano aims not only to make performers but people who learn to understand music-intelligent listeners; not to simply teach pieces but to train the child; to put music on a serious basis, to assist the child to express himself musically through the medium of the piano. To this end the instructors en- deavor to develop a discrimina- tion between an artistic and an inartistic performance, to en- hance the pleasure of apprecia- tion through active participation, to lay a foundation for harmony, and to stimulate a desire for fur- ther study. The piano class should bring to the study of the piano the advantages of modern educational research and effect a correlation of the piano work with the other musical activities in the curriculum. There are approximately one hundred children in the 1piano classes of the Cojoredl Schools of Louisville, Kentucky. Teachers of these classes meet once a week to study the course used. They have found it very interesting. A demonstration of this work will be given in the Music Depart- ment of the K. N. E. A. at the 1931 convention. 18 Eleventh Annual Phpsical Exhibit LOUISVILLE ARMORY Sixth and Walnut Streets Friday Night, April 17, 1931 A STATE-WIDE TRACK MEET Calesthenics Gymnastics ADMISSION, 50c Advance Sale, 35c Part of Proceeds for the K. N. E. A. Scholarship Fund I The Value of Athletics To Our Schools (By K. S. Wilson, Louisville.) Since the dawn of history ath- letics, no doubt, have held an im- portant place in the life of na- tions. The play instinct, being deeply seated in the human family, has caused athletics to flourish and peace to be established among nations. The first athletic events of importance were held in the Peloponesus, on the banks of the Alphaeus River, in honor of Zeus and Heracles, who turned the Alphaeus River to clean the Au- gean Stables. The events conA,- sisted of plays, javelin throws, wrestling, jumping, running and many other forms of athletics. All Hellenistic people were invited to celebrate these festivals and were bound on peace terms during these events. Sparta and Athens were continually at war, but, when time came to celebrate these events a truce was made and every one came to pay homage to Zeus and Heracles. These games were finally called Olympic Games be- cause all Greeks of the known world were eligible to contend. Tlhe Olympic Games became national in its scope and was one of the great promoters of peace in the world. The present Olympic Games promote peace and har- mony among the people of the world today, understandings are brought about among the youth of lthe races of the world. Peace and harmony are brought about in the sports that have become na- tional pastimes, and people learn the art of co-operation and good will on the athletic field. The 19 youth learn to know each. other and to understand the value of life among their fellowmen. Athletics may have setbacks, but after a short time illumine the horizon with its value to the races of men. Great advance- ments have been made in athletics for better health and if for no other purpose should hold a sub- stantial position in our schools. The athletic interest tends to stimulate better school attendance and a better scholarship than would ordinarily be displayed if the various teams did not exist. Too much stress however, should not be put on athletics to the neg- lect of other subjects of cultural value. Coaches and teachers must come to some definite under- standing of classroom stimulation and by means of encouragement produce superior scholarship 'and athletics at the same. time. The introduction of athletics into the school curricula has been a savior of the young boys, who would drop out of school if athle- tics did not exist. Before the wide spread interest in athletics was developed it seemed that the young women would furnish the cultural background of the future while the young men would be undeveloped for 'any tasks educa- tionally. The formation of teams has greatly offset this tendency, and more boys are attending and remaining in school than ever before. This means a better race when both sexes are equally balanced culturally. B e t t e r schools, better methods of sanita- tion, and better citizens are the result of better trained indi- viduals. The value of athletics is far reaching and has left its influence among the people of the world for peace, health, co-operation and citizenship. No better means could have been devised to stim- ulate education among the youth, and with their development along cultural and athletic lines, a bet- ter citizenry will be in the making and hence a better means of at- tacking world problems sanely. K. N. E. A. Kullings Prof. P. W. Williams, of Lynch, Kentucky, reports that his school has recently been accredited the class "B" high school. Prof. Wil- liams, with the cooperation of his teachers and fellow citizens, has worked very hard to get his school on the accredited list. The K. N. E. A. takes pleasure in adding his school to the list of accredited high schools. *** * Miss R. L. Carpenter, the spe- cial teacher of music in the col- ored schools of Louisville, has re- cently been given copyrights for musical arrangements of two Negro spirituals: "Couldn't Hear Nobody Proy" and "Everytime I Feel The Spirit." Miss Carpenter has received a contract for royal- ties when the publications are off the press. Mrs. Fannie C. Williams, of New Orleans, is to address the K. N. E. A. on Thursday, April 16. While in Louisville she is to be the guest of Mrs. Mayme Morris, on West Walnut Street. Charles Satchell Morris, Jr., will be the major speaker on the program of Wednesday, April 15. Prof. Morris is one of the most noted orators and educators of our 20 race. HHe will be introduced by Miss M. S. Brown of Mayfield. . ~~~* * * *: The superintendents of various county systems of Kentucky schools have responded in a most unusual way with regard to en- rolling their teachers one hundred percent in the K. N. E. A. for 1931. * * * $ Prof. C. W. Merriweather, of Hopkinsville, a loyal K. N. E. A. supporter was the first among our friends of education to enroll in the K. N. E. A. for i931. The Louisville Municipal Col- lege for Negroes had a splendid opening under the direction of Dr. Rufus E: -Clement. About seven teachers have been already em- ployed and more will be added as the enrollment increases. Dr. Clement is to appear on the K. N. E. A. program Friday, April 17. President B. E. Robison, of Lin- coln Institute, is vitally interested in the activities of the K. N. E. A. His faculty was among the first to enroll in the K. N. E. A. for 1931. Lincoln Institute will be repre- sented on our program with mu- sical numbers on the afternoon of Friday, April 17. The Booker T. Washington School At Ashland The icity of Ashland is situp ated in the northest corner of Kentucky which forms part of the Tri-State section of the Ohio valley including Kentucky, West Virginia and Ohio. One situa- tion that exists in that city is one which is seldom found in other southern cities of this size, is that out of a population of 30,000 people only 1,000 are Negroes. Out of a school popu- lation of 7,200 children only 180 are Negroes. This city is a second class city and its educa- tional system and organization consists of a Superintendent, Business Director, and Secretary of the Board of Education, and Departments of Supervisors, namely: Supervisor of Music- Primary Department, Interme- diate Department, Art Depart- ment, Department of Band and Orchestra and a visiting school nurse. Each of these school of- ficials is interested in the future development and welfare of the Booker T. Washington School. Their visits are often and their conferences we most helpful. Each of them is kind and courte- ous. The Booker T. Washington School has the following enroll- ment: grades 1 to 4, 81; grades 5 to 8, '72; grades 9 to 12, 33; a total of 186 children. In spite of handicaps, the high school department is steadily growing into a four-year accre- dited high school. Extra cur- aicular activities include a Girl Reserve Club, Boys' Hi-Y Club, and a complete athletic program for boys, including a football and basketball team. The football team has made a very outstand- ing record during the past sea- son. Plans are being made to add new class rooms and an auditor- ium to the building at an early date with the co-operation of the Julius Rosenwald fund. The school has a most progres- sive principal -in the person of Prof. C. B. Nuckolls, who ismost - energetic in promoting additional activities in the school and in the community. Recently he spon- sored the, Fifth Annual Session of the Eastern Kentucky Ne- gro Educational Association, it having convened in Ashland November 13 to 15, 1930. Prof. Nuckols reported an up-to-date program. On his program were some of the state leaders in edu- cation, they having been in the city to appear on the program of the Eastern Kentucky Education- al Association. The Parent Teacher Association Lalso had an active part in the proceedings of t he convention Mrs. Bettie Thomas sponsored the P. T. A. program. Teachers in the school include the following: J. H. Cooper, Emma B. Horton, G. B. Richmond, R. W. Ross, and S. M. Thomas. All these teachers along with their principal are doing a good piece of work among the colored citizens in Ashland. 21 D. H. Anderson To Run for K. N. E. A. President D. H. Anderson, president of the West Kentucky Industrial College at Paducahb will be a candidate for the presidency of thb K. N. E. A. at the 1931 ses- sion. On two previous occasions President Anderson has made la very close race. His friends over the state are enthusiastic in again sponsoring him for the next presi- dent of the K. N. E. A. In an- nouncing his candidacy, he wrote Secretary A. S. Wilson as follows: Dear Secretary: "In response to the requests of friends in the field of education, I here, by this note, announce my candidacy for president of the K. N. E. A., to elected at the next session, which convenes April 15 to 18, 1931, at Louis- ville, Ky. "If elected, I shall do all in my power to execute the will of the Association." Yours truly, D. H. Anderson The teachers of Kentucky will therefore have the opportunity of considering and voting on the name D. H. Anderson for the next president of the K. N. E. A. President Anderson deserves the consideration of every Kentucky teacher because of his efforts in building the College at Paducah and his interest in the education of the Negro Youth of Kentucky. ENERGY AND THE PUPIL By George W. Blount, Field Secretary, Cheney Training School, Cheney. Pa. Energy is capacity for perform- ing work and accomplishing re- sults. Some pupils in schools, some men of great ability in the world, often fail to make progress be- cause they lack energy. Plainly speaking they are lazy. Laziness is not always volun- tary. It may be caused by ill health, improper diet, or heredity. A pupil or a man of great nat- ural energy is a self-starter, whereas one of low energy or low gear has to be kicked or cranked into action. He may lack ambi- tion, vision and keen perception, but he lacks will power and that inner drive. Usually he knows that he should, reform, but he sel- dom does snap out of low gear into high of his own volition. Parents and teachers should not .scold children if they seem to ex- haust with constant bouncing in and out of doors. If they possess energy they are very lucky and we should feel very much relieved. We should use our own intelli- gence to steer their seemingly misdirected energy into channels where it may intelligently be used. Such t combination will help make them successful in whatever they attempt in life. Intelligence is the measure of one's ability to adjust himself or herself to new situations in terms of past experiermes. 22 The Racial Situation In America By Will W. Alexander Director Commission on Inter- racial Co-operation It should not be supposed that prejudice and antagonism consti- tute the universal American atti- tude toward the Negro. Thought- ful Americans, North and South, are not swayed by these senti- ments. In America's experience with Negroes they see nothing to justify hysteria or pessimism as to the ultimate outcome. On the contrary, they see much to en- courage the hope that racial dif- ferences will yet be found to en- courage the hope that racial dif- menace to civilization, but a means for its enrichment; not a cause of conflict, but an oppor- tunity for fellowship in the com- mon tasks of human welfare. During their stay in America, Negroes have made progress fa- vorably comparable to that of any other racial group in history. James Bryce, Britain's great am- bassador at Washington, has said, indeed, that no other group has ever done so well in so short a time. The tabular exhibit below tells part of the story. NEGRO PROGRESS IN AMERICA SINCE THE CIVIL WAR Line of Progress 1866 1926 ECONOMIC- Homes Owned ........ ............... 12,00 Farms Operated ....... ............ 20,000 Business Conducted ...... .......... 2,1000 Wealth Accumulated . .......... $20,000,000 EDUCATIONAL- Per cent Literate....... ............ 10 Colleges and Normal Schools ........ 15 Students in Public Schools .......... 100,000 Teachers in All Schools..... ....... 600 Property for Higher Education ..... $60,000 Annual Expenditures for Education... $700,000 Raised by Negroes for this purpose 80,000 RELIGIOUS- Number of Churches ....... ....... 700 Number of Communicants ..... ..... 600,000 Number of Sunday Schools ..... .... 1,000 Sunday School Pupils ..... ........ 50,000 Value of Church Property ........... $1,500,000 This indicates that in the Amer- ican Negro there is good human material; that his response to the forces that uplift is the normal human response; that any inertia 23 650,000 1,000,00,0 60,000 $2,000,000,0oo 80 5*00 2,000,000 44,000 $30,000,000 $28,000,000 $2,000,000 45,000 4,800,000 46,000 2,250,000 $90,000,000 evident among the masses seems to be the normal human lag and inertia; and that the American Negro has shovn his ability to make good. The educational processes have not been in operation long enough or with sufficient thoroughnessto indicate finally what special capa- cities American Negroes may pos- sess. However, they have shown an inclination to the arts that has already enriched our national life. This has had its most promising expression in music and poetry. There have been significant out- croppings also in painting, sculp- tur and dramatics. With almost no opportunity Negroes have *done conspicuous waork in science. Prof. George Carver, of Tuskegee Institute, has startled the world with his original and valuable contributions to the science of agricultural chemistry. Other contributions may be expected in this field as opportunities open. Not the least encouraging as- pect of Negro life in America is the emphasis placed by Negro leaders on education and religion as the forces which can contribute most to the-advancement of the race. The great reduction of il- literacy since emancipation is ex- plained by the fact that educa- tion has been preached everywhere by Negro leaders and Negro par- ents. Even the poorest families, handicapped in every conceivable way, have thrown themselves into the struggle. School administra- tors te.tify that Negroes as a rule seem more eager for education than the under-privileged whites. It would be easy to point to the shortcomings of the Negro church. It is but fair to say, however, that in almost every instance we find a parallel in white churches. The Negro ministry is becoming better educated. The program of the church is being enriched. Build- ings are being improved, services are more orderly and dignified, and denominational exclusiveness is beginning to wane. A people who turn to education and religion as the best means for their ad- vancement are not likely to be- come a menace to civilization. In- deed, an ignorant native white population wuld be a greater menace to America than an edu- cated Negro population. The Negro is an integral part of America He has been here from the beginning. Remove him from the story, and it is no longer the story of America. As far back as Thomas Jefferson there were those who looked with alarm upon the menace of the Negro to American institutions. Slavery undoubtedly was a menace, but the menace was in slavery itself and not in the color of the slaves. The Negro as a freedman has been held up by politicians and alarmists as a menace to America. It has not worked out that way. Negro freedmen were illiterate; the menace was in their illiteracy and not in their race. Methods of suppression have been applied to Negroes; such methods are a deadly menace to democracy. The masses of Negroes are easily misled by designing politicians; but this is not racial; so are ignor- ant whites. Does not the greater blame rest on the political leader- ship that stoops to exploit igno- rance? For every political blunder that American Negroes have made one might safely undertake to find a group of white Americans who are responsible. An ignorant Negro vote is a menace, not be- cause it is Negro, but because ignorance is. easily manipulated by 24 designing men. This is not a race question. It can be solved not by looking with alarm upon the Negro, but by building more and better schools and by repu- diating unworthy political meth- ods. The Negro has contributed much to American progress. His hands have been busy laying the material foundations of our civi- lization. In the construction of railroads, the opening of mines, the erection of buildings, the cul- tivation of the soil, Negro labor has been a very large factor. A just conception of the social value of labor would accord the race a much higher standing than we have yet been willing to give it. But manual labor has not been the Negro's only contribution. His songs have already been men- tioned. Less well known is his record of patriotism. The first American to fall in the struggle for American independence was Crispus Attucks, a Negro. To the end of vhe Revoluti-jn, Negroes fought anw died for American liberty. In e very war since, they have willingly and with honor taken their places in mili- tary service. Andi ew Jackson pub- licly commended the part played by Negro soldiers in the Battle of New Orleans. Their record in the Civil War was creditable from whichever side it may be viewed. The loyalty of the slave to his Southern "white folks" during that trying period was one of the marvels of history. In the World War the spirit shown by the Negroes, both at home and abroad, w a s above reproach. German propaganda was powerless against 25 them. In proportion to their means they gave as freely as any other group. Of those who went overseas-and there was some 200,000 of them-General Per- shing said: "The only regret expressed by colored troops is that they are not given more dangerous work to do. I cannot commend too highly the spirit shown among the col- ored combat troops, who exhibit fine capacity for quick training, and eagerness for the most dang- erous work." Probably there will come a civi- lization that will attribute less value to military service. At present, however, it is counted the surest evidence of loyalty and patriotism. By this accredited standard the American Negro, in hours of national crisis, has proved himself not a menace, but a loyal, self-sacrificing Amer- ican citizen. While the condition of Negroes in America is steadily improving, the race still labors under not a few burdensome handicaps and disabilities. Though provisons for Negro education are increas- ing rapidly, the ratio of public outlay per child still averages four or five times as much for white children as for colored. For higher education Negroes must depend largely upon insti- tutions supported by benevolent boards and individuals. Public utilities, such as parks, playgrounds, pools, libraries, are provided but sparingly for city- dwelling Negroes in the South. The streets in colored sections are not infrequently found unpaved, ill-lighted and without sewers. Perhaps in not many communities have Negroes an equal chance be- fore the law, where, if anywhere in the world, men ought to be equal. Indiscriminate arrests, ready police clubs, and petit courts where men are esteemed guilty until they prove themselves innocent, are the means by which injustices innumerable are inflict- ed. Mob violence and lynching, though all too common still, never the less aappear to be waning rap- idly before an awakened public conscience. Segregation in many forms still holds general sway, particu- larly in the South-separation in schools, places of entertainment and public recreation, common carriers, hotels, etc. Residental. segregation is common, in most oases by tacit understanding, in others by city ordinances, which are now being tested legally and which in two recent cases have been declared unconstitutional by the courts. Public sentiment not infrequently operates also to exclude Negroes from certain pro- fessions and trades, makes access to the mes.ns of culture difficult for them, and denies them par- ticipation in many forms of pub- lic service. Advocates of segregation de- fend it on the ground that arti- ficial barriers are necessary for the maintenance of racial integ- rity. There are others who hold that in so far as segregation is made a badge of inferiority, it defeats the very purpose it pro- fesses to serve, in that it breaks down respect for the Negro's per- sonality, retaTds the development of self-respect, 'and makes in- evitably for illicit amalgamation. One can explain on no other ground the large measure of in- termingling of blood that has al- ready taken place. It is pointed out also that in the West Indie3, where enforced segregation does not exist, racial intermixture through marriage and otherwise is no greater than here. So much for the darker aspects of America's race problem. They a r e numerous enough and dark enough, beyond question. Yet when one considers the historical background and the slowness with which great social changes take place, they are quite comprehen- sible. la4ppily there are many gleams of light. Progress is be- ing made at a rate that is most encouraging to anyone who has a sense of perspective Church councils are all demanding that the principles of Jesus be applied to these questions. Thousands of church groups are seeking to understand and to realize this ideal. Multitudes of college stu- dents, destined to be the leaders of the next generation, are drop- ping off age-long accretions of prejudice and looking at this ques- tion intelligently and honestly. Negro leaders are being listened to with profound interest. The newspapers, almost without ex- ception, are voicing the plea for justice. Interracial committees throughout the country are work- ing together for mutual under- standing and helpfulness. The goal is yet a long way ahead. There are vast barriers of ignorance, misconception and prejudice still blocking the path. Yet in the light of present trends it is possible for the eye of faith to look forward to a day when understanding, justice and good will shall prevail between the white and colored races in America. The Cosmopolitan School Quartette Lillism Morris LeMon, Directress and Accompanist Virginia C. Lane, First Soprano Eunice R. Richardson, 2n Soprano Lucye M. Beachem, First Alto Hazel D. Farmer, Second Alto The above quartet is to appear charged to non-members of the on the K. N. E. A. program of K. N. E. A. This will permit K. Wednesday, April 15 at the 7:00 N. E. A. members to have first p. m. musical program sponsored consideration in seating. By all by Miss R. L. Carpenter and also means every Kentucky teacher on the program of the night ses- should be in Louisville for the sion. Because of the extra ex- pense in bringing this quartet to splendid progra~m which is being Louisville, a fee of 25c will be planned by the above quartet. 27 Lillian M. LeMon On Musical Program Mrs. Lillian M. LeMon is presi- dent and founder of the Cosmo- politan School of Music and Fine Arts and head of the Piano De- partment. As a teacher Mrs. LeMon's work has always been characterized by the most in- tense earnestness and seriousness of purpose and high aim. Her personality, disposition and per'- sistent work have won for her an enviable esteem within the com- munity and music circles. Mrs. LeMon graduated from the Col- lege of Musical Art under Dr. Oliver Williard Pierce, did post graduate work in Music Appre- ciation, History of the Opera and Public School Music in Indiana University with John L. Geiger, studied Harmony under Arthur G. Monninger -at the Metropolitan School of Music-affiliated with Butler College. Mrs. LeMon is a member of the Alpha Mu Omega Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Somority, and President of The National Association of Negro Musicians, Inc. Mrs. LeMon is to be the chief speaker on the Music Association program on Tuesday, April 14, at MRS. LILLIAN M. LEMON the C. M. E. Church. She is also sponsoring t h e Cosmopolitan School of Music Quartette, which is to render a special musical pro- gram at the Wednesday evening session of the K. N. E. A. The quartette, under her direction, is to come from Indianapolis on this occasion. Columbia Professor on Program Dr. Thomas D. Wood, professor of health education at Columbia University is to make the K. N. E. A. an address on Thursday morn- ing, April 16, at the general ses- sion. In accepting our invitation, Dr. Wood makes the following comment to the secretary: "I am very greatly interested in the education, and especially the health phases of education for the members of your race, and r have 28 had splendid help and cooperation from the members of the sub-com- mittee on Negro Schools, organ- ized under the Committee on the School .Chilrd, of which I am chair- man, in the White House Confer- ence on Child Health and Protect- ion, that I shall have, let me say again, very special interest and pleasure in an opportunity to meet with you and your organization." Myth Along the Color Line On Thursday night, April 16, W. 0. Brown, professor of Soci- ology, the University of Cincin- nati, will address the Kentucky Negro Educational Association on Myth Along the Color Line. Prof. W. 0. Brown has taught at the University of Cincinnati for four years. He is a native of Texas, having received his A. B. Degree from the University of Texas in the year, 1924. From there he enrolled in the Univer- sity of Chicago, receiving his Ph. D. Degree, June, 1930. His academic interests lie along the line of race, race prejudices, race conflicts, race problems and problems of minority groups. Even though he is quite F. young man, he has written many articles and book reviews, on the problem of races. In answer to inquiries concerning this problem, he made the following statement: "In spite of my Southern back- ground, I think that you will find me 'emancipated,' on problems of race and race contacts." Any person failing to hear Pro- fessor W. 0. Brown, will most as- suredly miss a rare treat. Special Exhibit In Primary Department The Primary Department, un- der the direction of Mrs Blanche Elliott of Greenville, is preparing a very unusual program. Some of the primary pupils of the Lou- isville Public Schools will furnish special music and several of the schools will display selfmade charts, devices or projects used in primary instruction. Several of the Louisville schools have already agreed to furnish unusual types of exhibits. Several publishers have also agreed to exhibit or dis- tribute materials that would be valuable to primary teachers. EVERY SPECIAL TEACHER SHOULD KNOW 1. Children, like metals, react to weather. 2. No two are alike in tempera- ment on approach. 2 Mrs. Elliott states that her pro- gram is far removed from the ab- stract theoretical type and every- thing is to be made as practical as possible. Miss B. C. Howard, a Supervisor of Primary Education in the Louisville schools, is to be one of the chief speakers on the program and there will be others to appear who are specialists in primary educatikrn. This depart- ment will hold its meetings at the Western Branch LibraTy at Tenth and Chestnut Streets, Louisville, Kentucky during the K. N. E. A. 3. Sympathy and k i n d n e s s, though trying, are logical weap- ons. 4. Keeping them occupied is a time-energy-and worry-saver. 5. It is better to interest them through their natural urge. :9 P. T. A. President Announces Convention To Our Parent-Teacher Associations of Kentucky: I am very happy to send you a word at this time. I am quite sure your local is functioning and making itself felt as a big factor in your community. If you have held your meetings regularly, you have found much to do and I know you have done it. We must keep striving and going on. April 14 and 15 will be dates of the meeting of the Kenr tucky Board and of the N. C. P. T. A. at the Western Branch Library, Tenth and Chestnut Streets, Louisville, Ky. Arrange now to have your P.-T. A. become a member and send representatives for the meeting. An outline of our program follows: Tuesday, April 14, 1931 10:00 A. M. Pre-convention Executive Board. 11:00 A. M. Opening of morning session. 2:30 P. M. Opening of afternoon session. 7:30 P. M. Evening session. Wednesday, April 15, 1931 9:30 A. M. Morning Session. 2:00 P. M. Afternoon Session. 4:30 P. M. Post-convention Executive Board. All local presidents and delegates are eligible to attend Executive Board meetings and are urged tobe present. As your State President, I am urging the following: 1. That any Association will send a member in song for our pro- gram-a solo or a chorus. 2. That every Association will enter the contest for the best State Song-Best motto or best yell. 3. Each Association is asked to be in the contest for the best pos- ter made by a member. 4. Bring a piece of work to put on exhibition. I am especially anxious that our state will be organized into dis- trict associations just as our K. N. E. A. has its educational association for each congressional district. You are asked to come and recommend a chairman for your district. Our National Congress is growing and at our last meeting in Petersburg, Va., we had nearly half of the states in our Union enrolled. The representation was fine and the enthusiasm and interest was won- derful. Kentucky held her own as she was represented by Mrs. M. B. Lewis and your State President of Louisville. Mrs. Lewis is our Nation- al chairman on Juvenile protection and appeared on program. Our next meeting will be in Washington, D. C., July, 1931. I hope some of our local presidents will plan to attend our National Congress. Now my dear locals don't forget your per capita of 10c for our State meeting and we will have money enough to do some of the things we desire to do. Let me hear from you. Best wishes and yours for the work. ESSIE DORTCH MACK. President, Ky. P.-T. A. Some School Law Questions By L. N. TAYLOR. 1. How many districts are there in a county school system? Ans. The entire county school system is only one district, generally divided into a number of subdistricts. 2. MEust there be a subdistrict for each school? Ans. No. Half the schools of the county may be in one subdistrict if the County Board of Education so orders. 3. Can a subdistrict be changed or abolished without consent of the subdistrict trustee or a vote of the people? Ans. Yes. The county board has full authority to change or abolish any subdistrict in the county without asking anybody's consent. 4. Has a county two sets of sub-districts, white subdistricts and colored subdistricts? Ans. No. Each subdistrict includes all children, both white and col- ored, that live within its boundaries, and all the taxpayers and voters. 5. Must schools be maintained in all subdistricts? Ans. Not necessarily. The county board may send any or all the chil- dren to schools in other subdistricts, but must provide definitely for every child somewhere. 6. Must schools be provided for fewer than twenty-five children? Ans. No subdistrict organization can be maintained for fewer than twenty-five children actually listed in the official census, but every child must be provided for. This applies to elementary school and high school, too. 7. Is a half term enough for fewer than twenty-five? Ans. No. School authorities that respect the law will not cut off any children with a half term. 8. May a subdistrict tax apply to some taxpayers and exclude others? Ans. To do this is in violation of law. In some places colored taxpay- ers have been exempted as an excuse for denying any of the ben- efits to colored children. This is unfair and in violation of our constitution and law. 9. May a school be discontinued if the attendance is under twenty- five per cent? Ans. No. The teacher may be dtismissed if the fault is shown to be hers, but the school must go on with another teacher or the chil- dren sent to other schools. 10. Does the law provide for visitors for colored schools? Ans. There was such a law in effect at one time, but not within the last ten years. Some people are ten years behind in observing the law. 11. May transportation to school be established without a popular vote? May it without a subdistrict tax? Ans. The answer to both of these questions is, yes. 31 The Mayo-Underwood School FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY an . Erected in 1928. BOARD OF EDUCATION: H. Y. MeChesney, Pres. C. Coy Wells, Sec'y. Mrs. J. L. Oliver Pt. S. Howell L. F. Johnson Mrs. F. D. Clark T. P. Rogers P. J. Sultterli-n W. S. BLANTON, Principal One of K. N. E. A. Directors 32 i I i f KENTUCKY STATE INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE Established 1886 FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY A SCHOOL WITH A PURPOSE Offers courses.'Jeading to A. B. Degree with Majors in English, Education, Social Sciences-B. S.'Degree' with Majors in Agri- culture, Home Economics, Physical and Biological Science-Two year College Course preparing for Medical and Dental Colleges. WELL TRAINED FACULTY Added Equipment in All'Departments, Comfortable, Attractive Surroundings, Wholes6me Atmosphere for Study. RELIGIOUS ENVIRONMENT FULL ATHLETIC PROGRAM For Paaticulars, Address R. B. 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