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Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.16 n.2-3

Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.16 n.2-3 Kentucky Negro Educational Association 400dpi TIFF G4 page images University of Kentucky, Electronic Information Access & Management Center Lexington, Kentucky 2003 kneav16n2dash3 These pages may freely searched and displayed. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Kentucky Negro Educational Association Journal v.16 n.2-3 Kentucky Negro Educational Association Kentucky Negro Educational Association Louisville, Kentucky April-May 1945 $IMLS This electronic text file was created by Optical Character Recognition (OCR). No corrections have been made to the OCR-ed text and no editing has been done to the content of the original document. Encoding has been done through an automated process using the recommendations for Level 1 of the TEI in Libraries Guidelines. Digital page images are linked to the text file. Vol. XV:I April-May, 1945 No. 2-3 1945 ANNUAL PROCEEDINGS "An Equal Educational Opporfunify for Every Kentucky Child" ~~',, , ', II __ ___ S S S ) ) ) ) ) ) IL 1 I. I I The Kentucky State College FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY Prepare for Post-War Leadership COURSES Arts and Sciences Home Economics - Agriculture Business Administration Education Standard Class A Four Year College Accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools Registration, Summer Session, June 18 FOR ALL INFORMATION WRTITE To R. B. ATWOOD, President I The K. N. E. A. Journal Official Organ of the Kentucky Negro Educational Association Vol. XVI April-May, 1:945 No. 2-3 Published by the Kentucky Negro Education Association Editorial Office at 2230 West Chestnut Street Louisville 11, Kentucky W. H. Perry, Jr., Executive Secretary, Louisville, Managing Editor Mrs. Lucy Harth Smith, Lexington, President of K.N.E.A. BOARD OF DIRECTORS A. F. Gibson, Pineville Victor K. Perry, Louisville Mrs. Mayme S. Morris, Louisville W. M. Young, Lincoln Ridge Pulblished bimonthly during the school year (Numbers 2 and 3 of Volume XVI are combined, due to unavoidable delay of number 2 in the shop of the printer.) TPRICE 50 CENTS P`ER YEAR OR 15 CENTS PER COPY Membership in the K. N. E. A. includes subscription to the Journal. Rates of advertising mailed'on request. CONTENTS K. N. E. A. Officers . ............................................. 2 Editorial Comment .............. ............................... 3 Steps Toward Our Goal, Lucy Harth Smith ...................... 4 Eastern District Association Meets, C. B. Nuckolls ................ 5 Conference Organizes Against Educational Discrimination, Blyden Jackson . ............................................. 6 Library in Rehabilitation of the Handicapped, Helen A. Kean .... 7 The Grab Rag, Selected ............... ......................... 9 Abstract of Minutes, 1,945 Meeting .............................'.13 Kean Resigns from K. H. S. A. L ............................ 15 Recommendations of Principals Conference, W. 0. Nuckolls ...... 18 Report of 1945 Legislative Committee, A. F. Gibson .............. 19 Report of Group H, B. Carmichael Willis ........................ 24 Financial Report of Secretary-Treasurer ......................... 25 Report on Kentucky Negro High and Graded Schools, Whitney IM. Young .................................................. 27 K. N. E. A. Honor Roll .......................................... 29 Kullings.... 31 K. N. E. A. OFFICERS FOR 1944-45 'Lucy Harth Smith, President . ............................. Lexington Robert L. Dowery, First Vice-President . .Franklin T. J. Long, Second Vice-President .Louisville W. H. Perry, Jr., Secretary-Treasurer . .Louisville L. V. Ranels, Assistant Secretary .Winchester BOARD OF DIRECTORS Lucy Harth Smith, President .Lexington A. F. Gibson . Pineville Mayme R. Morris ..Lou.isville Victor K. Perry. Louisville Whitney M. Young . Lincoln Ridge DEPARTMENTAL AND CONFERENCE CHAIRMEN Edward T. Buford, High School and College Dept.....Bowling Green Mayme R. Morris, Elementary Education Dept .......... Louisville M. L. Copeland, Rural School Dept ........... Hopkinsville R. L. Carptenter, Music Department.. Louisville P. W. Browne, Vocational Friucation Dept. 3aducah W. 0. Nuckolls, Principals' Conference . ........... Providence Beatrice C. Willis, Primary Teachers' Dept . . Louisville Anorma Beard. Youth Council . ................ Louisville Ouida Wilson Evans, Art Teachers' Conference ....... Louisville G. W. Jackson, Social Science Teachers' Conference ...... Louisville Gertrude Sledd, Science Teachers' Conference . . ..... Danville Jewell R. Jackson, English Teachers' Conference ....... Covington C. Elizabeth 'Mundy. Librarians' Conference .............. Louisville W. L. Kean, Physical Education -Department . . ..... Louisville W. H. Craig. Guidance Workers' Conference . .......... Covington A. J. Richards, Foreign Language Teachers' Conference ... Frankfort William D. Johnson, Adult Education Department ......... Louisvi31e PRESIDENTS of K. N. E. A. DISTRICT EDUCATION ASSOCIATIONS 1-M. 0. Strauss, Paducah ................ First District Association 2-Herbert Kirkwood, Henderson ........ Second District Associatoin 3-A. L. Poole, Bowling !Green .............. Third District Association 4-Russell Stone, Bloomfield ............... Fourth District Association 5-4Mayme R. Morris, Louisville ..... ..... Fifth District Association 6-Whitney M. Young, 'Lincoln Ridge. .Blue Grass District Association 7-H. R. Merry, Covington ............ Northern District Association 8-E. M. Kelly, Jenkins .................. Eastern District Association 9-J. A. Matthews, Benham ........ Upper Cumiberland District Assn. GROUP LEADERS 1-E. T. Buford: High School and College Department, Principals' Conference, Librarians' Conference, Adult Education Department, Art Teachers' Conference (Section I): Music 'Department, (Section I). 2-Beatrice C. Willis: Elementary Education Department, PrimarY Teachers' Conference Art Teachers' Conference (Section 2), Music Department (Section 2). 3-G. W. Jackson: 'Social Science Teachers' Conference, Science Teachers' Conference, Englislh Teachers' Conferencpe, Foreign Language Teachers' Conference, Physical Education Department. 4-W. H. Craig: Guidance Workers' Conference, Youth Council, Voca- tional Education Department, Rural School Department. 2 I Editorial Comment | ANOTHER WAR-TIME CONFERENCE The conference of K. N. E. A. leaders held in Louisville on April 21 was the second war-time conference of the Association during World War I:, and was attended [by district presidents, departmental chairmen, members of the legislative committee and other members present in the city at the time of the meeting. By this means the work of the organization was conducted with special attention to the recommendations of the legislative committee, and the planning for future conventions by departmental chairmen and group leaders. Our constitution makes no provision for confer- ences 'held in lieu of annual conventions other than to empower the directors to act for the Association. The conference iwas, therefore, held under their direction, and their approval was necessary to make valid any recommendations made during its sessions. TEACHERS' INTERESTS BROADEN Teachers conceptions of their responsibility for good "learning situations" are constantly changing. The old standard of a quiet room, well ventilated but ill equipped, and presided over by a teacher con- tent to teach principally the 3 R's, is being replaced by the belief that school rooms should be in modern buildings, well situated, well equip- ped, and affording services through which pupils may be physically and culturally prepared to solve life's problems. Teachers are concerned about the conditions of schools in areas distant from their own, and on all levels-primary to graduate. They are interested in curricula development, textbook selection, tax poli- cies, and the numerous local and general practices that effect pupils and schools. 'The reports of the legislative committee of the KINEA and KEA, of the assistant supervisor of Negro education, and the developing recommendations of the Kentucky Commission on Negro Affairs and the Commnittee for Kentucky are fruitful sources of information and suggestion. Teachers will do well to think carefully over the ideas Presented, with a view to making practical those most likely to do the greatest good. 3 STEPS TOWARD OUR GOAL By Lucy Harth Smith 'It has always been my earnest belief that a knowledge of the con- tribution made to American and world progress by the Negro would tend to bring about good will, among the races in our country. 'With this idea in view, I, as your president, was successful in gaini:g con- ferences with our efficient State Superintendent, John Fred Williams, and other members of the State Textbook Commission who gave con- sideration to the idea. With a number of books on Negro life and history secured for them, they finally selected, approved and adopted two of them, for use in the schools of our state. These were "A Child's Story of the Negro," by Jane Shackelford for fifth grade, and "Negro Makers of History," by Carter G. Woodson, for the sixth grade, published by The As- sociated Publishers, 1538 Ninth Street, Washington, D. C. With this part of our work accomplished it is necessary that we as teachers review these books and request that they be used in our various communities. Certainly all students have a right to know that the development of our great country was not accomplished by any one group, but through cooperative effort. There are other books which you should secure for your libraries among which are: "My Happy Days," Jane Shackelford; 'Word Pic- tures of the Great," Derricotte, Turner and Roy; "Story of the Negro Retold," Woodson; "Folk Tales," Whiting; "Negro Art, Music and Rhyme," -Whiting; "African Myths," Woodson; '9Play lSongs of the Deep South," A. Trent Johns; "The Negro in Our History," Woodson; "Negro Musicians and Their Music," Cuney-Hlare; 'Women Build- ers," Daniel; "Negro Poets and Their Poems," Kerlin; "Negro Ora- tors and Their Orations," Woodson; "African Heroes and Heroines," Woodson. All of these can be secured from The Associated Publish- ers, Washington, D. C. A short while ago Governor Willis appointed your president on a comImittee to secure funds for The Frederick Douglass Memorial and Historic Association which sponsors the home of Frederick Doug- lass at Washington, D. C., as a national shrine for the Negroes of America. Some day we want our children to make a visit there and gain an inspiration therefrom. We are asking that our teachers give their children a chance to contribute at least a penny to the fund. We also invite teachers, principals, and friends to join our list of at least one dollar and share in this great project. You may send your contributions to me at 258 East Fifth Street, Lexington, Ken- tucky, and proper receipts will be given you. This can be done at any time during the year. The K. N. E. A. was invited to become a member organization of the Committee for Kentucky, which had its initial meeting at the Kentucky Hotel in Louisville last 'month. Your president and several of our officers attended the meeting. This organization of the 74 11 member organizations of both groups is a fact finding committee whose objective is the welfare of all of Kentucky. Cotainly we should not fail to accept the invitation to 'be a charter member. With so many improvements needed in our educational system, in- cluding our average salary scale in which Kentucky stands fortieth among the forty-nine states, we should join this great organization for social betterment. We cannot do this or progress along other lines, unless our members support the K. N. E. A. with their annual dues. We solicit your suggestions for the improvement of the K.N.E.A. EASTERN DISTRICT ASSOCIATION MEETS By C. B. Nuckolls, Principal B. T. Washington High School Ashland, Kentucky The Eastern Kentucky District Educational Association held an interesting meeting at Wheelwright, Kentucky, on November 9 and 10, with Mrs. Emma B. Horton, president, presiding, at the Wheel- wright High School. This session was one of the best, with the high- est enrollment of teachers in its history. Principal W. T. Gilbert, his faculty, and the good people of the city spared no pains in mak- ing the stay of the teachers a happy one. The association theme was: "Win the warn-win the peace." The program of the session was interesting and inspiring from the be- ginning to the end. The following are highlights of the opening ses- sion: Welcome by Mr. E. R. Price, manager of Inland Steel. Inland Steel cooperated in every way for the educational, social, and civic development of the community. Various departmental meetings were held, and proved valuable. The association went on record as endorsing the state educational program as outlined by the Kentucky Negro Education Association. It gave full endorsement to the program of higher education for Ne- groes in Kentucky, especially to the very fine plan of improvement of our Kentucky State College at Frankfort in gradually raising its graduate work in proportion to the needs of our group and to con- tinue to maintain a standard Teachers College. This type of train- ing is in greater demand than ever before in the history of Negro edu- cation in Kentucky. The association works in harmony with the state program of Negro education as planned by our state organlzation. We extended thanks to our parent body, the K. N. E. A., for making possible the appoint- ment of a Negro as Assistant Supervisor of Negro education, and other educational improvements. The association, out of appreciation and recognition of the fine service rendered by Mrs. E. B. Hcrtcn, instructor at the B. T. Wash- ington High School, Ashland, and president of the Eastern District Association, voted to send her to the K. N. E. A. at the 1,945 session, with traveling expenses paid, as our official delegate. Since there Was no K. N. E. A. meeting, she attended the Planning Conference of the K. N. E. A. on April 21. CONFERENCE ORGANIZES AGAINST EDUCATIONAL DISCRIMINATION IN THE SOUTH By Blyden Jackson, Past President, Louisville Association of, Teachers in Colored Schools On March 24, in a one-day conference held at Jackson College in Jackson, Mississippi, fifty-seven representatives of the southern Negro press and the southern Negro schools counseled together upon the task of securing to southern Negroes equality of educational oppor- tunity. The conference explored the nature and variety of discrimination against Negroes in the south's educational estafblishrment at all levels, ibut placed its emphasis upon the development of a program promis- ing practical results, rather than upon a mere "discussion of the situation." In keeping, therefore, with the conference's resolution to prepare an effective campaign in the sphere of action a permanent organization of the forces there represented was immediately created with Carter W. Wesley, of Houston, Texas, as chairman; C. A. Scott, of Atlanta, Georgia, and Mrs. Lucy Harth Smith, of Lexington, Ken- tucky, as vice-chairmen; Dr. Reid E. Jackson, of Southern University as secretary; President Horace M. Bond, of Fort Valley College, as director of research; and President R.,-B. Atwood, of Kentucky State College, as treasurer. The conference delegated to a resolutions committee the casting into final form for publication of its decisions on policy and philos- ophy, underscoring, however, its conviction that the achievement of 'a democratic solution for the south's educational problems urgently demands vigorous action on the part of Negroes themselves. The con- ference established an eighteen mem~ber commission to devise and execute strategy for the creation of a budget and a paid staff to work toward realization of the conference's objectives. It then adopted as its name the title, "Southern Negro Conference for the Equalization of Educational Opportunity," and set its next meeting for Memphis, Tennessee on May 12. Kentucky was represented at the conference 'by Frank Stanley, publisher of the Louisville Defender; President R. B. Atwood, of Kentucky State College; 'Mrs. Lucy Harth Smith, president of the K. N. E . A.; and Blyden Jackson, a delegate from the Louisville As- sociation of Teachers in Colored Schools. OLD COPIES OF JOURNAL WANTED The New York Puiblic Library needs the following issues of the K. N. E. A. Journal to complete its files: Vol. 'I- Nos. 1 and 3; Vol. VI-Nos. 1 and ,3; Vol. VII- Nos. 1 and 3; Vol. VII- Nos. 1 and 3; Vol. IX-Nos. 2 and 3; Vol. X-Nos. 1 and .3; Vol. XI-No. 3; Vol. XIII-4Nos. 1 and 2. It will be appreciated if persons having extra copies of the above issues will forward them to the office of the secretary. THE LIBRARY IN THE REHABILITATION OF THE HANDICAPPED By Helen Anthony Kean (Teacher of Sight-Saving Class, Madison Street Junior High School, Louisville, Kentucky) 'No problem is more vital to society than that of safeguarding the mental and physical health of its members. Education of the han- dicapped has established itself as a service well justified from a hu- manitarian and an economic 'point of view as well as a practical and sensible function of democracy. It is true that the war with its returning victims has made us more conscious of our responsibility to this group but since the turn of the last century there has been an increasing interest in the handicapped based upon scientific facts. For a long time our philosophy has been changing from the- Spartan Doctrine of "Destroying the weak" to the Christian philosophy of so- cial responsibility. No longer are the feeble minded ridiculed as fools and beggars, or the deaf and dumb styled as stupid-no longer are the insane thrown into dungeons or the tubercular looked upon as incurable wretches. Instead, the state and federal governments have assumed as their duties the education of these handicapped and have established schools providing for all types of atypical individuals. The number of handicapped adults is increasing daily by the thou- sands. All of us recognize what the war is doing to our men both mentally and physically. Even we at home are undergoing such emotional stresses inflicted by our ever changing modes of living that most of us are developing a neurosis to some degree. So conscious are we of the responsibility that we owe those returning soldiers who have been "blinded by the flames and steel of war or deafened by its frightful din of battle-those crazed by the horrors of death and destruction," that the word rehabilitation is an every day expression. After the last war -we lacked imagination. Despite our good will and deep gratitude we could think of nothing better to do with our disabled soldiers than to make them night watchmen or elevator operators. No so, this one. The United States Civil Service Com- mission has been hiring World War II veterans at the rate of 111,000 a month. Some 3,000 kinds of government jobs are made available. Many corporations are doing the same kind of intelligent plan- ning. Ford, General Motors, Lockheed, Eastern Aircraft, and many other companies are making surveys of the jobs in their plants in order to place disabled men where they can compete on equal terms with anybody else. Properly placed handicapped employees are mak- ing impressive records. The army is operating several specific centers located strategically over the country to provide the best possible medical and surgical care, combined -with the best in vocational training. When returning wounded men reach this country they go to a receiving hospital. 7 There they are sorted out according to their disability and sent to the center for training in various types of jobs. After a few weeks of care and training these depressed and discouraged men go out with a new outlook on life. The job that is being done by the hospitals and by the professionals has been magnificent. This does not mean, however, that when the men are dismissed from these centers they are completely healed. Their bodies, perhaps. Their hearts and minds? No. These still bear scars-not those of battle, but those of anguish for fear they might not be accepted by the ones they love at home. They face us, shy, nervous, and bewildered. In the hospital they were among others of their kind. They were surrounded by understanding doctors and nurses. There is an ar- ticle in the January, 1945, McCall, 'by Betsy Barton, in which she reminds us of the great task ahead of us. The article is entitled, "Those Who Did Not Die." Says she, in part, "Hie will need reassur- ance from you right away-the support of your love, the knowledge that it does not matter to those he loves how he looks or how he now is shaped." Miss Barton goes on to show us how we can help our loved ones through slow and laborious effort to gain courage and confidence. Librarians have a particular contribution to make to the handi- capped by providing special guidance in bibliotherapy for the sick and specific guidance in book selection for the handicapped at home. The public library is now extending its services into hospital wards not only lending books but by supplying trained librarians. CMany hospitals have included trained librarians on their staff to oversee the reading of the patients. A typical hospital library might be de- scribed by the General and Children's Hospital Library at the Uni- viersity of Iowa, Iowa City. Book selection for the hospitalized person is very important. The right book at the right time for the right person has often been the turning point from illness to convalescence. 'The book for the surgi- cal case may be poison for the tubercular. Gay and colorful picture books break the monotony of the hos- pital scene. Books of games and riddles may be shared with neigh- boring patients. Stories of pioneering and exploration broaden the sick person's narrow world. The first thing to do is to discover, if possible, what the patient thinks his needs and desires are. 'The li- brarian must know everything that it is possible to know regarding her patient, his physical condition, his ability, his interests, 'and his social background. In addition to bringing wholesome recreation to the patients the librarian has introduced literary treasures that they will never forget. The gap a book can fill in the life of a handicapped individual who is deprived of normal recreation helps him to a balanced existence. Books make for contentment. Contentment is curative. The worth of the library in that alone is immeasurably important in the re- habilitation of the handicapped individual. 8 THE GRAB BAG FEDERAL AID TO EDUCATION A hearing on H. R. 1'296 (companion measure to S. 181) began Tuesday morning, April 10, 11945, in Washington, D. C., (before the House Education Committee of which the Honorable Graham A. 'Bar- den, North Carolina, is chairman. H. R. 1!296 calls for a Federal Ap- propriation in the amount of $300,000,000 annually, $200,000,000 to be used to meet existing emergency situations in education arising from the war and $100,1000,000 to be used to more nearly equalize educa- tional opportunity in the nation. The action taken by Congressman Barden and his 'committee will undoubtedly be noticed with deep appreciation (by many thousands of (both lay and professional leaders throughout the country. STATE SURPLUSES One of the chief arguments employed against S. 637 i(forerunner of 5.181) in the United States ,Senate, when that bill was debated in Oc- tober, 1943, brought to the forefront of attention state surpluses. It was argued these were large, that they were more than adequate to meet existing school needs, and that they were available for such use. Recent information reveals the fact that state governments have earmarked more than $1,000,000,000 for postwar projects and that further accumulation of state balances during the current year is ex- pected to bring earmarked funds to the $2,000,000,000 mark. These earmarked purposes include the construction of public works with major emphasis upon highways. Great weight deservedly rests on the fact that in its last days the 78th Congress enacted a Fiederal-aid-to-highways bill in the amount of $1,5100,000,000 with 'which to match state funds for highway construction and reconstruc- tion. From this it is clear that the same Congress, which found itself un- willing to increase Federal aid to public education because of balances in many state treasuries, was at the same time twilling and ready to induce such states to set aside such balances, not 'for education but for highways and other purposes made more attractive to the states because of Federal provisions to match such state funds. The ulti- mate intent of Congress in this policy is defensible and sound. 'In its immediate effect, however, it is a policy which takes the ground from under the argument employed by Congress in withholding a larger amount of Federal aid for public education. In effect this policy has placed Congress in the position of saying, "Use state balances for school purposes (but don't do it until after, through matching them with available Federal funds, such balances 'have been expended for highways and other public works." This is a viewpoint that should receive wide attention. It helps to explain'why American youth today is unnecessarily a grievous cas- 9 ualty of war, the effects of which will not become a major charge against the national welfare until another decade has passed. -N.E.A. Legislative News Flash ANOTHER FEDERAL AID BILL INTRODUCED A new Senate Bill providing Federal aid to education, in Which $225,000,000 is definitely earmarked for increasing funds now alloted fdr salaries of public school teachers, is receiving vigorous support of organized labor. It establishes State control of education (policy, course content, methods, etc.), requires fair apportionment of educa- tion funds to racial minorities, and provides distribution of funds among States on the basis of need. * * *** * Senate Bill 717 requires State control of Education: It provides for surveys within each State to determine the need for aid, and for the publication of reports that shall contain "information showing the accomplishment of the respective States through the expenditure of Federal funds." It establishes ;a national board to act as an advisory board to the United (States Commissioner of Education, who is the administrating officer of the board. It contains provision for protecting minority races. It provides that no State using these funds shall reduce its appropriations; it requires States to submit statistical data to the Office of Education. For the first time in our history it provides a means to encourage State planning in the field of construction for education. (At present thousands of dollars are expended by 'Federal works agencies for educational buildings without consultation with State education authorities.) It appropriates $300,000,000 to aid public schools with these safe- guards: Protection of racial minorities; sets aside 765 per cent of the money for salaries *of public school teachers; requires that Federal funds must supplement and not supplant 'State funds, and prohibits use of any of the appropriation as salaries paid to persons not in pulblic schools. ,It provides for a trustee through rwhom would 'be handled funds to go to children not in the public schools; it appropriates $100,000,000 to promote health welfare and safety of children by providing edu- cational facilities and services such as transportation, library facilities, etc.; it provides for financial aid to needy students. -Ethel B. Dupont ffhe Iuisville Times) SEX EDUCATION For manyr years the fear motif has been emphasized almost ex- clusively by numerous parents and educators in their attempts to in- fluence the sex conduct of youth. This main bugaboo held up to girls TO has been unmarried motherhood, while boys were faced with the ter- rors of venereal infections. Warnings against illegitimacy and disease are needed, but they should not be overworked nor over dramatized. Too often this scare psychology formed the basis of what was con- sidered "sex education." At best it was negative pedagogy; at worst it produced mental traumas that might be as harmful to youth as are the dangers it sought to abate. Certainly it was not a strong foundation for true character building. Now these opportunist methods are (becoming even more illogical for, with the increasing knowledge of contraceptives and the discov- ery of quick, almost painless cures, for syphilis and gonorrhea, the two major props are kicked from under what always was an unsound educational structure. Hereafter, if sex education is to amount to anything, it must be (based on sound social, biological, and ethical teaching. It must be positive. It must uphold moral discipline and decency for decency's sake. The days of invoking sexual ogres *to frighten youth into good conduct are numbered. And all thinking educators will speed them on thier way with a wholehearted "Good riddance."-(From Social Hygiene News and Views, October 1, 1944.) JULIUS ROSENWALD FUND REPORT The Julius Resenwald Fund, during the 2-year period ending June 30, 1944, expended $1,615,513 on its programs of education and race relations. The chief activities were (1) education of teachers for work in the rural schools of the South, both colored and white; (2) endow- ment -of 'Dillard University, one of four institutions that mean much to the higher education of Negroes in the several regions of the South; (3) fellowships for exceptionally promising Negroes and white south- erners; (4) efforts to improve race relations. From the beginning, the main concern of the Fund has been the betterment of -the condition of Negroes with a view to their full par- ticipation in American life. The low status of this tenth of our popu- lation-in education, health, employment, and civil rights-is a drag on -the progress of the Nation and a fault in our democracy. The 'Fund's concern is not for any group for its own sake, but concern for the 'Nation as a whole and, for our democratic 'way of life. The Fund's interest expressed itself first in helping to build ipublic schoolhouses in the rural 'South where the (bulk of Negroes live. Fol- lowing that basic program of two decades ago, 'we have stressed the preparation of teachers, the building of institutions for higher edu- cation, the improvement of the health of the group, and the providing of opportunities through fellowships to hundreds of young people of special talent or promise. Since progress depends in large part on white 'attitudes, we have also made contributions to general south- ern institutions and have provided fellowships for white southerners. Now the Fund is turning its major attention to the relations of the races and the building of full democracy. Since over four million Negroes-one third of the total group-are now living in the North 1'1' and West, the Fund is extending its interest from the South to the Nation as a whole. Concluding Programs The Fund has, from time to time, centered its interest on a number of special fields. In general, we have tried to conclude each program in a period of 21' or 1.5 years. This was not because we thought the field had been cared for in that period, but because we felt that, after intensive work for a decade or so, it was better to leave the given cause to efforts by other agencies and public funds. There is always danger that the help of a foundation may become a crutch rather than a stimulus to independent growth. The contributions reported on preceding pages complete our major tasks in helping to build up four centers of higher learning for Negroes. Another program-Negro health- was officially ended 2 years ago, but concluding payments were made during the period under review. Our total expenditures in this field have been more than one and a half million dollars. Payments of $94,464 during the 2 years just past were for winding up earlier commitments, rounding out programs in certain health centers, and in concluding the professional experience of a number of doctors, nurses, and public health workers.-Fore- word, Review for the Two-Year Period, 1942-44, Julius Rosenwald Funid.) TOWARD BUILDING FAMILY LIFE RECREATION Education should be directed toward building strong wholesome family life, and understanding values which the people hold dear. Experiences in creative arts, crafts, and wholesome recreation should be vital forces. Ways must be found to bring about an increased flow of compe- tent personnel into rural education. An intensification of effort is recommended to frame a program of preservice and inservice edu- cation which insures for teachers an appreciation of rural life, and a thorough knowledge of utilizing its resources in the educational pro- grams as well as of improving the economic, social, and cultural base of rural living. Suggested educational improvements for rural minority and special groups, including Negroes, 'Spanish Americans, and isolated migra- tory groups are: Improved school organization, administration, and supervision; appropriate school buildings, consolidation, and transportation facilities; adaptation of curriculum and instruction to pupil needs; better preparation of teachers; adequate financial sup- port; improved relationships between schools and other educational institutions and community and nonschool agencies; and a program of intercultural and race relations.-From reports of White House 'Conference on Rural Education.-(Prom Education for Victory, No- vember 3, 1944.) 12 ABSTRACT OF MINUTES OF SPECIAL WAR-TIME K.N.E.A. SESSION A special meeting of the Kentucky Negro Education Association, called by the Board of Directors in lieu of the annual Convention, canceled by order of the Office of Defense Transportation, was held in the gymnasium of Central High School, Louisville, on April 21, 1945. In attendance were the directors, presidents of district asso- ciations, chairmen of departments, heads of schools, and other members. The invocation was offered by Mr. J. Bryant Cooper, principal of the S. C. Taylor School, Louisville, who also conducted memorial services for members wlho had died during the year. Included in the number were former K.N.EA. presidents, W. H. Fouse and W. S. Blanton. Mrs. Lucy Harth Smith delivered her address, emphasizing the value of increased emphasis on Negro history, expressing gratifi- cation that two books by Negro authors had been placed on the multiple list of state adopted text4books, and stating that she had been privileged to deliver the keynote address at the last meeting of the American Teachers Association. She also reported on her recent visit to the Southern Negro Conference for the Equalization of Edu- cational Opportunity, at which she was elected vice-president. Mr. Whitney M. Young, serving his first year in the newly created position of Assistant State Supervisor of Negro Education, made a comprehensive report based on visits to forty-six schools in widely scattered parts of the state. He reported that each county and in- dependent district had its own peculiar problems, and summarized the liabilities and assets observed in the state. He submitted several recommendations which he felt would improve the learning situa- tions foTr pupils. This carefully made report, indicating the nature of the work to be done, justified the foresight of the KNEA membership in laboring for the appointment of a Negro as supervisor of Negro schools. Mr. H. E. Goodloe, past president of the Association, highly com- plimented the work of the Assistant Supervisor, and insisted that the Association act to make certain that an adequate salary for con- tinuation of the work of this officer be guaranteed by the state. He also urged that the Association seek the equalization of teachers' salaries by July 1, of this year. The Legislative Committee, through its chairman, Prof. A. F. Gib- son, made a carefully prepared report, covering the aspects of the KiN.E.A. program which depend on federal or state legislation for fulfilment. The report was discussed at length, and there was general agreement that positive action be taken to secure the legislation necessary. It was agreed, following suggestions by Mr. Herbert Kirkwood and Mr. W. 0. Nuckolls, that a committee be appointed to visit state officials relative to policies, that the Kentucky Commis- sion on Negro Affairs include the KiNjE.A. requests in its legislative program on education, and that teachers throughout the state influ- 13 ence their legislators relative to passage of favorable legislation, (S-ee page 19). Discussion of the expanding program of the Association and its increased cost resulted in the suggestion by Prof. W. 0. Nuckolls that each teacher in the state 'be asked to pay an enrollment fee of two dollars for next year, instead of the constitutional one of one dollar. The suggestion was unanimously endorsed. The lenghty discussion of the report. of the Legislative committee kept the membership in continuous session, and interferred with the scheduled meetings of group leaders and departmental chairmen. However, these were encouraged to carry on the work of the depart- ments during the year, and to submit to the proper officers any plans requiring approval or cooperation. The facilities of the office of the secretary were made available to them for the advancement of their programs. Following the suggestion that officers and departmental chairmen look forward to a regular convention of the Association in April 1946, the meeting adjourned. ABSTRACT OF MINUTES OF DIRECTORS MEETING A meeting of the directors of the K.NE.A. was held at the West- ern Branch Library, Louisville, following the adjournment of the session of Association officers and leaders. Those present were Di- rectors A. F. Gibson, Victor Kent Perry, Whitney M. Young, Mrs. Mayme R. Morris) President Lucy Harth Smith and Secretary-Treas- urer, W. H. Perry, Jr. The directors approved recommendations made by the Legislative Committee and the Assistant Supervisor of Negro Education, promis- ed cooperation to President H. C. Russell in the preparation of his review of KJN.E.A. history, accepted the financial report of the sec- retary-treasurer, voted that the secretary-treasurer be allowed as salary 25% of the amount collected as membership fees, designated Mr. Biyden Jackson as representative to the May, 1945 meeting of the Southern Negro Conference for the Equalization of Educational Op- portunity, to be held in Memphis, Tennessee, with an allowance of twenty-five dollars for expenses. They also agreed that the Kentucky Commission on Negro Affairs should seek legislative action where necessary to achieve recommendations approved by the Association, and authorized President Lucy Harth Smith to represent the Asso- ciation at the August, 1.945 meeting of the American Teachers Asso- ciation. The directors set Saturday, May 19 as the date for a meeting with District Presidents to set a policy relative to the issue of integration or segregation of students attending state supported schools. They extended to President R. B. Atwood, of Kentucky State College, and Attorney Charles W. Anderson, of Louisville, who have expressed publicly conflicting views on the question, invitations to attend the meeting and present their respective views. The secretary was instructed to seek collection of annual fees from 14 teachers who usually sent them in while the convention was in ses- sion, but had failed to do so this year during the special session. In informal discussion, the directors favored the suggestion, made in the K.NiE.A. session, that members be urged to contribute two dol- lars as dues next year, instead of the customary fee of one dollar, in order that the program of the organization not be handicapped. KEAN RESIGNS FROM K. H. S. A. L. Mr. H. A. Kean presented the following report to the Members and Board of Control of The Kentucky High School Athletic League at its meeting on April l1. Gentlemen: It is with a deal of pride and regret that I make this final summa- tion report herein attempting to briefly outline the stewardship of this our association throughout the last fourteen years. It has been fourteen fleeting years since our first tournament and subsequent institutional organization-yet the idea and ground work for this or- ganization was laid eighteen years ago when Professor Thomas Bond of Central High School and I thought it might be a nice idea to form a state wide organization of high schools. The idea did not take well at first so we formed an Athletic Association of the K.N.E.IA. member- ship at the annual K.N.E.A. meeting. If memory serves me right Mr. Redding of Covington was elected secretary of that organization. Because we had no motivating program the spirit of the idea soon died and was not revived again until I became head of the Depart- ment of Health and Physical Education at Kentucky State College. Here in a cooperative atmosphere we organized and held the first real state wide High School State Basketball Tournament. A glance at the ledger shows each team paid a registration fee of twenty five cents per man for a total of thirty six dollars and, fifty cents and that the door receipts were three hundred twenty four dollars and ten cents. After expenses were deducted twenty four dollars and one cent was divided among the teams, Bowling Green receiving the highest amount, four dollars and ninety nine cents, and Lawrenceburg the lowest, one dollar and sixty three cents. After this experience in pro- rating the balance the league decided to try to build up a bank account Just how successful this has been is shown by the balance today. Income: During these fourteen years the league has been in the red only once:-a deficit of nineteen cents at the end of 1937. The income of the league has steadily grown from $359.65 in 1931- 32 to $1,494.30 in 1944-45. The yearly increase has been gradual and only appreciably fell back one year-that was 1942-43. The income by the year has been as follows: 1931-32 .............................. $ 359.65 1932433 ............................. 394A7 1933-34 ...................0........... X6O.0 1934435 .............................. 385.95 1936-36 .............................. 369.10 15 1936-37 .. , .......... 444.19 1937 38 . 694.25 1938-39 . 612.72 1939-40 . 7M3.20 1940-41 .............................. 7t05.95 1941-42 .............................. 950.51 1942-43 ..... 799.15 1,943-44 ............................. 1,11.41. Western All Star .................... 107.54 1944-45 .............................. 1,494.30 Total .............................. $9,439.07 Thus you see we have handled the grand total of $9,43907 of the Leagues money. Expenditures: -It has been a real task to keep expenditures at a minimum. Your present secretary has learned that when an organization is thriving and has some money every one begins to figure how he can get some of it. The value of the dollar is not now what it used to be and who- ever succeeds me will have a battle eternally against inroads to the, tournament expense. For example tournament lalbor last year cost $19.50, this year, $45.25, an increase of 2312% or approximately two and one third times greater. The board bill last year was $.25 pe& meal, this year, $.30 per meal. I do not think either item is exhorbi- tant, yet such constant inroads will have to be watched. Balance: We wish to report and are prepared to turn over to whomever this august body designates all money and securities that are now the property of the league. We have personally supervised receipts and expenditure and willingly take any responsibility therefor. Just prior to the basketball tournament we called the Board of Control together and acquainted them with the fact that we were not able to personally supervise the tournaments and recommended to them, and securxed their approval for me to appoint Mr. A. J. Richards and Mr. J. B. Brown to act in the tournament for me. 'I so notified these young men and turned over to Mr. Richards all the available cash then in the treasury ($39.82) thirty nine dollars and eighty two cents. They were to act for me and report to me-as I was and still am your only elected Executive Secretary. Upon re- turning to Frankfort just prior to the tournament I learned that Mr. J. B. Brown was too busy with other duties to give sufficient aid to Mr. Richards so I appointed, with his permission, Mr. W. L. Dixon to act as Financial Manager. I also called Mr. Passmore and secured his permission to aid both Mr. Richards and Mr. Dixon. I wish to high- ly commended these young men for their splendid services. Mr. Dixon has presented his report to me splendidly typed on the formns which were developed by Dr. H. B. Crouch and which we have found so satisfactory. His report shows an income of ($1,440.3-01) one thousand four hundred forty dollars and thirty cents. 16X Mr. Richards has presented me with his report which is excellently done and shows a cash balance of ($W257R) three hundred twenty five dollars and seventy three cents, seven dollars of which is to be re- funded to schools that have paid memberships. These reports have been entered in my ledger which contains all receipts and expendi- tures incurred during my term o~f office. I am subtracting from the league cash account of ($325.73) three hundred and twenty five dollars and seventy three cents, the ex- pense of your executive secretary. These expenses include: One trip to Frankfort for the Board of Control Meeting December Second, 1945 ................................... $15.27 One trip to Frankfort to perfect organization with Messrs. Richards, Dixon, and Passmore in February, 1045 .......... $10.20. One trip to Frankfort State Tournamnent, March, 1945 ........ $1i0.20 One trip to Hopkinsville District Tournament ................ $ 6.00 Two telephone calls to Frankfort, A. T. Richards .............. $ 3.55 One telephone call to Owensboro, Robert Dowery .............. $ 2.05 One trip to Louisville, April 21, Board of Control ............ $12.00 Total .................................................. $59.27 This with the seven dollars returned to membership of which Mr. Richards has informed us will leave a cash balance of ($259.46) two hundred fifty-nine dollars and forty six cents. I am presenting at the expiration of this report to -the group ($259.46) two hundred fifty-nine dollars and forty six cents in cash plus ($462.120') four hundred sixty-two dollars and twenty cents in war bonds that are worth ($625.00) six hundred twenty-five dollars at maturity. The total assets at the present time are ($722.96) seven hundred twenty-two dollars and ninety-six cents. From this of course will come your expenses. Recommendation: 1. I recommend that the K. H. S. A. hold its annual Basketball Tournament at Kentucky State College, if the college desires, as long as the college remains the most logical and sympathetic site. 2. I recommend that Mr. A. J. Richards be appointed Basketball Tournament Director until such time as a regular constitutional Exe- cutive Secretary can be elected. 3. I recommend that the constitution be revised to provide for emergency filling of a suddenly created vacancy. E'inally, Members of the Board of Control, permit me to state my genuine sorow in lea-ving you and your lovable organization. Believe me when I say that of all my official connections in this state, this organization was and still is closest to my heart. The league, above all, must be perpetuated and improved. This Kentucky is my Native State -it is my home. I was born here. I expect to be buried here. I hold my allegiance second to no man's. Please never forget that while I tm away I shall be with you as often as possible in body-always in spirit. I hereby respectfully resign. Your very Obedient Servant, Henry A. Kean, Executive Secretary, 1931-1945. 1i RECOMMENDATIONS OF A1945 K. N. E. A. PRINCIPALS' CONFERENCE TO THE K. N. E. A. OFFICIAL STAPF A. The Principals' Conference Department of the K. N. E. A. rep- resents either directly or indirectly a large percent of the teachers of Kentucky. The officers and members of this department are keen- ly aware of the great needs for greater support (especially financial) for the schools of Kentucky. This department is seeking to more ef- fectively aid the K. N. E. A. as a force for a better educational pro- -gram by securing your (the K.fN.E.A.) sanction and support, in this department's appointing each District President and at least one other person fium each district to serve as members of a committee, to as- certain facts as to need of the Federal Aid Bill for schools and the merits of such ambill and through the cooperation of white principals and superintendents, make appeals to our U. S. Senators and U. S. Representatives at regular and frequent intervals asking them to use all possible influence to cause this Bill to become a law for the cause of Kentucky's and the South's schools. (B. This committee, under the approval of the KN.E.A. Governing Board shall also keep the same vigilant watch and study throughout the year concerning facts of our state's school conditions and make similar appeals to our State Senators and State Representatives for the enactment of such laws which have been proposed by the K.E.A. and the K.N.E.A. that will raise Kentucky's school stand.ng from the bottom to a place where the teachers of the state will not be so emnbar- rassed. C. It is believed that the teachers of Kentucky have sacrificed and taught complacently on meager salaries too long. Therefore, this Principals' Conference wishes its principals to attempt to arouse and make reasonable and yet stern contentions for greater financial sup- port for Kentucky schools, in salaries and buildings and equipments. We also wish that no let up in contentions be allowed until there is no difference made in dealing with schools because of race. D. That all the Departments of the K.N.E:A. may more effectively work to assist the K.NJEJA. in being heard and felt in the life of Ken- tucky, this Department wishes the K. N. E. A. Planning Board to keep all committees and Department Heads informed on all decisions on which concerted actions are needed. C. This Department thinks, that as early as possible, the President, Secretary and Board of Directors should list the measures that this Association would like to become laws during our next General As- semibly of the Kentucky Legislature and that the teachers of the state become informed concerning such measures and use their in- fluence to vote into office persons they think might promote such efforts. (D. We ask that our Association through its Legislative Committee recommend such laws that will, in addition to what has been stated, improve opportunities for Negro high school pupils where they have little or no high school advantages. We ask that adequate provisions be made to furnish tuition and transportation to the nearest highi is school that will meet standard requirements and as far as practical these pupils be transported to and from their homes daily. E. The Principals' Conference recomtmends the "Official Legislative Program of the K.(E.A. for 1945" but since it is the practice, in making the laws of our state for schools, in many cases to mention "for Negro Schools" this conference wishes our Association to add such statements and such recommendations that will make certain meas- ures more definitely apply to Negro Schools. F. Unless the ruling of the Federal Governments forbids, this De- partment recommends that this Association goes forward in planning a general meeting of the K.N.E.A. for 1946. Respectively submitted W. 0. Nuckolls, Chairman Principals' Conference Members: J. A. Matthews, Benham High School, Beaham, Ky. Frank C. La Prelle, Montgomery Co. High School, (Mt. Sterling, Ky. H. B. Kirkwood, Douglass High School, Henderson, Ky. J. Bryant Cooper, Louisville, Ky. REPORT OF THE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE OF THE KENTUCKY NEGRO EDUCATION ASSOCIATION Louisville, Kentucky -April 21, 1945 The members of the Legislative Committee of the Kentucky Negro Education Association desire to report as follows: 1. FEDERAL RELATIONS:-The stress of total war has made the Kentucky Negro Education Association more cognizant of its func- tions in a democratic society. We are fully aware of the great loss our nation and the world at large have suffered in the passing of our late President, Franklin D. Roosevelt. However, the members desire to express their faith in the government of the United States under the new leadership and pledge a continuance of their support in its all out efforts to destroy the tyrannical forces that have threatened the destruction of this, our democratic society. The great conflict that we are in has shown that in the nation at large, as well as in the several states are many serious problems re- lating to public education which stand in need of immediate solution. Studies which have 'been made show that Kentucky ranks among the lowest states in tax paying. The K.N.E.A. is convinced that aid from the federal government for education is necessary to adequately raise the level of educational opportunity within the state. The bills in Congress now pertaining to this matter are S. 18;1, and H. R. 1296, and Senate Bill No. 7117. We believe that Senate Bill No. 717, also known as Labor's Education Bill is probably the most desirable-it provides state control, requires fair apportionment of educational funds to racial minorities. 19 1. The Kentucky Negro Education Association wishes, and here- by does request the President of the United States and the members of Congress to enact into law a bill that will eradi- cate the existing educational inequalities in the states and at the same time will carry the necessary safeguards for the pro- tection of the r'ghts of minority groups, and in addition set up the proper machinery for fair and equitable administration of its provisions. The Association endorses the plan whereby the federal govern- ment may distribute free of charge to the nation's schools the billions of dollars worth of surplus properties being used fby the armed forces. 1. The Association strongly urges that the federal legislation con- tain adequate safeguards guaranteeing equitable distribution within the states as between the races. The K. N. E. A. urges that all federal educational programs for the benefit of the returning members of the armed forces employ com- petent Negro personnel to assist in administration. II. STATE RiELATIONS:-In searching the records of the Ken- tucky Negro Education Association and those of the public schools for Negroes in Kentucky, we find many just requests and pleas for equitable distribution of educational opportunities in the state. We admit readIly that these quests have sometimes presented many dif- ficult problems and situations, but none that are impossible of solu- tion under a democratic economy. The year 1,945 is no exception. The Association hereby calls attention to the following conditions which its members confidently seek to correct or'improve through legis- lative and administrative channels of the state. 1. EQUALIZATION OF SALARIES:-Equalization of salaries paid to teachers of our puiblic schools still remains unaccom- plished in many of the school districts of the state. However, as a result of the Association's efforts, albly assisted by many other citizens, organizations, and the press, the principle of equal pay for equal work for school teachers has become more generally recognized than ever before. A number of districts have completely eliminated salary differentials based on race; others are making moves in that direction. Some districts, how- ever, are doing nothing at-all. This group will probably need the stimulation of another salary suit filed in the courts, and such is here recommended. 2. EQUALITY OF O.PPORTUNITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION: Almost seven have years passed since the Supreme Court hand- ed down the Gaines Case decision. The Court in that decision clearly granted equality of educational opportunity within the state to both races. To date practically no tangible results are manifest in Kentucky. This Association demands that something tangible be done by those in authority toward providing the opportunity' which the highest court in the land has said we are entitled to receive. Educational equality in Kentucky can be accomplished within 20 the state (1) through expansion of the Negro state college and -or (2) by means of a modification of the Day Law that would permit integrated attendance in some areas of training. In the opinion of most thinkers both of these methods can be and should be used. 3. The K. N. E. A. conceives that each of them may be utilized without injury to the other provided the minority leaders con- fer frequently and by close cooperation offset any attempt to stall for time to effect a "donothing'" stalemate such as oc- curred in the 1944 Legislature. The K. N. E. A. does not wish to say which method should be pushed first, or whether both should be pushed simultaneously. This is a question of strategy which the Association can not decide, but must rely upon its leaders to decide and effect for the best interest of the minor- ity group. What the K. N. E. A. does demand is that something tangible be done without further delay in debating the ques- tion. 4. OUT OF STATE STUDY FUND FOR NEGROES: The K.N.rE.A. perceives that the Kentucky State Aid program for Negroes doing advanced study out of the state is inadequate. The amount allowed for tuition does not cover cost of same at some universities attended. This is especially true of many persons attending the summer sessions of these institutions. The K.N.E. A. feels that the fund should be increased to allow $350 per student per school year where it is now $175, and that the con- tinuous residence requirement (for eligibility to receive it) in the state be one year instead of five, and that all tuition costs of those attending summer sessions be fully paid, and not bas- ed on so much per session week, the same to be so administered as to make the law do what it purports to do. The K. N. E. A. in no way feels that this is, or is an accepted compromise pro- gram in lieu of equality of opportunity in higher education for Negroes in Kentucky. 4. STATE SUPERVISOIRY SERVICE FOR NEGRO SCHOOLS: The Association wishes to compliment the State Department of Education upon the use of additional Negro personnel on the state level in the supervisory service for Negro schools. The Department is to be congratulated on the high calibre of personnel which has been provided. The K. N. E. A. feels, how- ever, that the tasks which the Negro personnel, in some in- stances, is called upon to perform are too broad and too varied for the limited number of persons serving in this capacity. Now that the need has been recognized and acted upon the Associa- tion calls upon the State Superintendent to fully satisfy this need by the employment of additional Negro personnel and to be paid as all the other personnel comparably employed. 5. STATE BOARDING H31GFI sCHOOL PROGFRAM: The Asso- ciation commends the State Administration on the esta~blish- ment of greatly needed boarding high school services for Negro 21 pupils at Lincoln Institute and West Kentucky State Vocational Training School. Wherever possible, however, the K. N. E. A. believes that accredited high school service should be provided locally. The Association is firmly of the opinion that it is bet- ter for children of Aigh school age to remain under home super- vision whenever possible. The state boarding high schools should be used only by those counties which find that they can not carry on the approved service locally. The K. N. E. A. feels that the appropriations for these institu- tions should be of sufficient amount to allow them to expand their programs, provide the necessary equipment and building facilities, and be staffed with competent personnel, thus en- abling them to adequately function for the purposes for which they were created. 6. PARENTS VS. LOCAL BOARDS OF EDUCATION: Section 158 130 K R S allows the Board of Education to determine the district convenient for a pupil to attend school. This has a tendency to work hardship on the parents of the pupil involved in that: Worthy home membership is rendered unavailable to each child; Equal educational facilities are neither offered nor permis- sible; Financial support is increased for each parent in question. For these reasons we recommend that the law be changed so that the parents involved rather than the Board of Education be allowed to decide the school convenient for the pupil to at- tend and that said Boards of Education be required to pay tui- tion and transportation to the schools most convenient to the pupils. 7. THE GOVERNOR'iS COMMI'SSIONS: The K. N. E. A. compli- ments the Governor on the appointment of the:' (Commission on Negro Affairs Post War Advisory Planning Commission Commission on Tax Revision. We particularly compliment him on the appointment of mem- bers of our minority group to each. It is hoped that with the tremendous possibilities for constructive accomplishment to be exploited that the Commissions will not dissipate their strength in mere study and fact finding, but will evolve a "down to earth," practical program which can be achieved. 8. NEGRO MEMBERS OF STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION: The Association recommends that a Negro person be appointed to membership on the State Board of Education in order that our group may be represented in the administration of the schools of the state. 9. In order for an individual to live a wholesome life, to become a worthy citizen' and to make a contribution to society, it is nec- essary for him to be gainfully and satisfactorily employed. If 22 this is to be attained, the skill and training of all workers, without regard to their race, color or creed shoudld be given an opportunity to work in the positions for which they have first consideration; all workers should be given an opportunity to work in the positions for which they have acquired both knowledge and skill. It seems logical that in order to achieve the greatest possible degree of efficiency in every phase of employment necessary for a desirable standard of living, it is wise to so plan that each individual's skill and knowledge be utilized to the best advantage. With this in mind, the K. N. E. A. urges the State Inter-racial Commission and the Governor's Commission on Negro Affairs to include in their planning the initiation and maintenance of an effective utilization of all workers in terms of their skills and training, abolishing all racial differences. 10. THE K. N. E. A. DiFFECTORiS' PROGRAaM: The K. N. E. A. Board of Directors aproved the twelve point program suibmit- ted to them by Director Whitney M. Young. The Legislative Committee lends its support to this program in its entirety. 11. K. N. E. A. LEGIISLjATIVE PROGRAM: We recommend full support of the legislative program of the Kentucky Education Association, namely: minimum school term of nine months; minimum teachers salary of $100 monthly; sufficient state aid to guarantee safe program of transportation; adequate school buildings, equipment and grounds; new text-book law to per- mit local boards of education to adopt books suited to the needs of each district; amendments to strengthen teacher re- tirement system; more equal educational opportunities for all state school children; the next State Legislature will be asked for enough funds to make the program effective. 12.. VOCATIONAL AND INDUSTRIAL TRAMiING: Recognizing the importance of vocational and industrial training in our state educational system, and realizing the very limited faci- lities for this type of training for Negro youth, we approve the program of improvement and expansion submitted by the West Kentucky Vocational Training School, and commend it to our state government for favorable consideration. 13. The Legislative Committee of the KN'EA believes that the fore- going report is comprehensive, and realizes that many diffi- culties may arise in seeking solutions to some of the problems presented. However, we believe their solutions may be achieved. Respectfully submitted, The 1,945 K.NME.A. Legislative Committee: A. F. Gibson, Chairman, Pineville Blyden Jackson, Louisville M. J. Sleet, Paducah C. B. Nuckolls, Ashland Joseph A. Carroll, Lincoln Ridge 23 W. R. Cummings, Pikeville W. C. Buford, Louisville C. L. Timberlake, Morganfield Mrs. Ora K. Glass, Henderson Mrs. Mayme S. Morris, Louisville R. B. Atwood, Frankfort NOTE: The above report was approved by the KNEA membership in attendance at the special session, and was later officially adopted by the K!NEA Directors, who were responsible, un- der the constitution, for the business of the session. REPORT OF GROUP II AT SPECIAL MEETING Mrs. B. Carmichael Willis, Group Leader To the Primary and Elementary Teachers of Kentucky: We, Group II, wish to recommend the following suggestions for April KjN.E.A., 1946 when we hope to meet again, to plan a definite Post War Program in the form of a Work Shop, stressing the aims of Education to meet the needs and desires of the child. We, as teachers, are being challenged every hour to cope with the outside world, so we must broaden our four walls to stimulate the interest of every child, and we must prove that our activities are worthwhile and in keeping with our educational themes. Books are necessary, but we must go further, for instance, visual education is important, as the child must be convinced. We would appreciate hearing from any menmber of the K. N. E. A., of any ex- perience you have had along such lines. Please write us. The chairman of the Music Department, Miss R. Lillian Carpeniter, suggests an institute of Music during Septemiber or October, con- ducted by Dr. J. Finley Williamson of the Westminster Choir Col- lege, of Princeton, N. J. The culmination of such an institute would be the presentation of a musicale at which time Mr. Williamson would demonstrate his method of conducting. The inspiration which would come from having a person of Dr. Williamson's calibre work with the teachers would offer many values other than the knowledge of music gained by the teachers. We suggest that the Secretary of the K. N. E. A. be authorized to investigate the possibility of securing Dr. Williamson's services for such a program. In any event we suggest that the spirit of the K.N. E.A. be kept alive by the presentation. of a musicale in the early fall and that the participants for such a program be selected from various schools of the state. As leaders, let us act together and plan for a greater K. N. E. A. in April 1946. Write us and tell us what you think will help to improve methods in educating our children. We cannot work without your aid. Would you care to have the spelling bee revised? Do you deem it 24 beneficial? How should art function educationally in the Primary and Elementary grades? Respectfully yours, Group II (Miss) R. Lillian Carpenter, Chairman of Music Dept. (Mrs.) Mayme Morris, Chairman of Elementary Dept. ('Mrs.) B. Carmichael Willis, Chairman of Primary Dept. and Chairman of Group II, 33007 Kirby Ave. Louisville 11, Ky. PROF. W. S. BLANTON PASSES News of the passing of the late Professor W. Spencer Blanton, past president of the K. N. E. A., came after the Journal was on press. Formerly principal of Underwood-4Mayo High School, Frankfort, in- structor at Kentucky State College summer schools, and later in- structor at Oliver Street School, Paris, he was widely known and re- spected throughout the State. Mr. Blanton was a high ranking Mason, active in several of its branches, including the Royal Arch Masons and Knights Templar. He was buried in Frankfort on April 11. Fur- ther tribute 'will appear in the next issue of the Journal. FINANCIAL REPORT OF SECRETARY-TREASURER Kentucky Negro Education Association May 1, 1944 to May 1, 1945 - RECEIPTS (Deposited in Broadway Branch, Uberty National Bank and Trust Company, Louisville, Kentucky) 1. Balance Forward as per report of May 1, 1944 .......... $ 394.18 2. Enrollment fees (961 members) . ............. 961.00 3. Enrollment fees (16 honor memibers) . .......... 24.00 4. Advertisemients, K. N. E. A. Journal (1 issue) . ...... 62.50 Balance Forward and Total Receipts .................. $ 1,441.68 EXPENDiITURES 1944 -May 6 P. L. Guthrie, Expense, Auditing Committee ........ $ 9.84 May 113 Frankfort Conference, L. H. Smith, H. E. Goodloe, W. H. Perry, Jr .................................. 7.80 May 29 C. M. Marchbanks, clerical service ................. 20.00 'May 31 Bank charges .......... .......................... 1.9 June 3 Office Equipment Company, stencils . ....... 3.15 correspondence ......... ........................ 29.93 June 10 Louisville Paper Co., 9M envelopes, Journal and June 16 C. M. Marchbanks, clerical service . . 10.00 July 1 State tax and bank charge ........................ 1.74 July 11 Boone Brothers, office supplies ................... 2.60 Aug. 8 Lucy H. Smith, office expense .................... 2.89 Aug. 8 American Teachers Association, Affiliation fee ..... 25.00 25 Ang. 8 Keller.Oram-design, funeral ex-Pres. W. H. Fouse.. Sept. 10 White Printing Co., 9M envelopes, 3M cards...... Sept. 10 W. H. Perry, Jr., expense, Frankfort trip.......... 'Sept. 10 M. S. Bell, clerical service....................... Oct. 24 C. M. Perry, office rent, May - Octdber............ Oct. 24 M. S. Bell, clerical service........................ Oct.,24 Bank charge .................................... Nov. 10 J. E. -Riddell, P. M., Postage...................... Nov. 10 M. S. Bell, clerical service........................ Dec. 1A3 . E. Riddell, P. M., Postage ....................... Dec. 13 Lucy H. Smith, Expense, Delegate, ATA (Aug.) ... Dec. 1.3 Bank charge ................................... 1945 Jan. 12 Avery Insurance Agency, Bond, sec'y.-treas........ Jan. 14 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Postage...................... Jan. 14 Kappa Alpha Psi Journal, Ad, Convention issue.... Jan. 14 M. S. Bell, clerical service........................ Jan. 14 Bank charge .................................... Feb. 3 Lucy H. Smith, Expense, director's meeting........ 'Feb. 3 A. F. Gibson, Expense, director's meeting.......... Feb. 3 W. M. Young, Expense, director's meeting.......... Feb. 3 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Deposit, postage Journals...... Feb. 3 Times-Journal Publishing Co., 1500' Journals....... Feb. 3 Railway Express Co., express charges, Journals.... Feb. 3 R. E. French, addressing and placing Journals in envelopes .................................... Feb. 28 M. S. Bell, clerical service........................ March 4 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Postage..................... March 5 Office Equipment Company, supplies............ March 8 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Postage..................... March 26 C. M. Perry, office rent (November - April...... March 27 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Postage.................... March 30; M. S. Bell, clerical service ....................... Bank charge................................... April 7 Committee for Kentucky, Affiliation fee.......... April 9 Palmer, Florist, design, funeral ex-,Pres. Blanton.. April 15 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Postage..................... April 21 A. F. Gibson, expense, director.................. April 21 W. M. Young, expense, director.................. April 21 Lucy H. Smith, president's office expense........ April 21 Lucy H. Smith, del. Conf. Equality Educational Opportunity, Jacksonville ...................... April 21 M. H. Bell, clerical service...................... April 21 E. B. Ramsey, pre-convention clerical service.... April 23 J. E. Riddell, P. M., Postage.................... April 23 C. S. Quillin, printing posters.................... April 23 E. A. Rogers, janitor service, KINEA session...... April 23 Blyden Jackson, delegate Southern Conference on Equality of Educational Opportunity.......... ,26 5.00 41.85 3.92 1i2.50 24.00 10.00 1.00 3.50 20.00 1.00 27.00 .50 5.00 1.00 5.,00 20.00 .50 5.610 11.318 2.00 20.00 105.00 1.36 4.70 20.00 5.00 1.77 4.00 24.00 3.75 20.00 1.00 25.00 5.40 5.25 15.00 2.0-0 22.25 54.00 20'.00 15.00 3.75 1.00 5.00 25.0-0 April 23 Telegrams, miscellaneous ...................... April 23 W. H. Perry, Jr., secretary's salary.............. 2.83 246.25 Total Expenditures .......................... $ 973.10 SUMMARY Balance Forward and Total Receipts ............ $1,441.68 Total Expenditures ........................... $ 973.10 Balance Forward May 1, 1945 ................ $ 468.58 Respectfully submitted, William H. Perry, Jr., Secretary-Treasurer REPORT ON THIRTY-SIX NEGRO HIGH AND TEN GRADED SCHOOLS OF KENTUCKY By Whitney M. Young Assistant State Supervisor of Negro Education A SURVEY OF 46 NEGiRO SCHOOLS 22-without any type of community program. 29-without any type of guidance program. 38-with strictly traditional program. 34-schools had health program. 34-had not tried any type of curriculum revision. 40-without any significant physical improvements in last three years. 2G-did not have effective P.T.A. 18-had not set up any definite goals. 25-are without adequate library service. 27-had not tried to coordinate educational program. 19-did not have equal salary scale. 35-population trend downward (10+) 30-had bus service of a type. 9-provided questionable bus service. 24-did not have adequate science laboratory. 24-did not have vocational courses. ASSETS 1. Coordinated planning-Governor's Commissions. 2. The median for General education is-higher. 3. Principals are conscious of the weakness of their schools. (the great danger lies in not knowing and thinking you know.) 4. We now have the making of at least one trade center. 5. Supervision in Home Economics, Jeans work, Agriculture and high school offerings in general, is beginning. 6. There is a general desire for individual improvement on the part of teachers and principals. 7. There is a vigorous campaign, organized and carried on by the State Department of Education, to obtain the facts and publicize the facts. (meetings have been held with superintendents in all parts of the state.) 27 LIAjBILITIES 1. Location of building generally poor. 2. Buildings obsolete. 3. Grounds muddy most of year-no shrubbery. 4. Salaries generally low. 5. No local supervision. 6. IPrincipals generally overworked. 7. No professional programs. 8. Sanitary conditions deplorable. 9. Generally there is no program for rural population. 10. Principal has little to say about appointment of teachers. 11. Many teachers do not have time to plan work because of money- raising campaigns. RECOOMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS 1. Revise tax laws. 2. Elimination of local politics. 3. Over-all state control. 4. Campaign to enlighten the public as to meaning 'and importance of education. 5. Consolidation of County and Independent Districts with increase in per capita tax. 6. Rate the system rather than the school. 7. Increased Federal aid. 8. Long-term planning by experts for all schools. 9. More pressure groups. 10. Representation of Negroes on local boards of education. 11. United effort based on needs, interest and total assets. Our purpose has been to see and state clearly the facts in each case. We visited each school, interviewed the teacher, listened to class recitation, spoke at chapel exercises and discussed the total program with the principal. Negro teachers in general are to be commended for their efforts. Their task has not been easy but they have kept the faith. We hope to see a well defined, coordinated program in Negro edu- cation developed by the State College and the principals. We can see the fine influence of Kentucky State College in every section of the state. I am grateful for the cooperation of Superintendent John S. Wil- liams, Mr. Sam Taylor, Dr. R. E. Jaggers, Mr. Gordie Young, Mr. J. M. Tydings, and President R. B. Atwood. The people and educators have been very kind and my great de- sire is to be a worthy servant of the state, the people, and my God. Very respectfully submitted, Whitney M. Young, Assistant Supervisor of Negro Education. 28 K. N. E. A. HONOR ROLL FOR 1945 The following named school units have enrolled 100 per cent in the association since the last issue of the Journal by payment of the annual fee for 1945. School Bate High Bond-Washington Drakesboro Communty Dunbar Dunbar High Durham High Glasgow Training Hancock County Roland Hayes Jackman High School Kentucky State College La~wrenceburg Leitchfield Lincoln Lincoln Lincoln institute Lynch High May's Lick Milton Junior High G. G. Moore Rosenwald-4Dunbar Richmond High Rosenwald Rosenwald High Shelbyville Junior High Simmons Street Springfield Graded Perry A. Cline Ed Davis State Street High Kentucky State College Attucks High Dunbar Douglass Dotson High Mary B. Talbert Central High Virginia Avenue Garfield Greenville Training Charles Young Lincoln-Grant Western High Principal or President City H. E. Goodloe Danville J. V. Robinson Elizabethtown Richard McReynolds Drakesiboro Mrs. R. Q. Lewis, Jr. Cadiz F. I. Stiger Mayfield E. W. Bates Campbellsville G. Brisco Houston Glasgow Mrs. Mary B. Perkins Lewisport A. F. Gibson Pineville Miss Margaret M.. Bard Columbia R. B. Atwood Frankfort Mrs. C. B. Dailey Lawrenceburg Mrs. Annie C. Johnson Leitchfield R. L. Dowery Franklin Miss Mabel L. Coleman Louisville Joseph A. Carroll Lincoln Ridge W. L. Shobe Lynch Charlton Fields May's Lick Hugh Jackson Fulton Miss Malbel L. Coleman Louisville J. C. Caldwell Nicholasville J. G. Fletcher Richmond Luther J. Buckner Trenton Mrs. Pearl M. Patton Madisonville Louis L. Spradling Shelbyville W J. Christy Versailles ,Mrs. A. C. Phillips Springfield W. R. Cummings Pikeville B. J. Patterson Georgetown E. T. Buford Bowling Green R. B. Atwood, Pres. Frankfort J. H. Bronaugh Hopkinsville G. P. Wilson Somerset G. H. Brown Louisville E. R. Hampton Princeton Carl J. Bailbour Louisville A. S. Wilson Louisville C. A. Liggin Louisville Mrs. M. 0. Strauss Paducah H. C. Mathis Greenville J. Bryant Cooper Louisville H. R. Merry Covington S. L. Barker Owens5boro 29 School Dunbar Jackson Street Jr. High Dunbar Louisville Municipal S. C. Taylor Madison Street Jr. High Rosenwald High Western James Bond Lincoln High Banneker High Ridgewood B. T. Washington B. T. Washington Phyllis Wheatley Principal or President Miss Emma E. Edward T. J. Long Carl J. Barbour B. W. Doyle, Dean J. Bryant Cooper W. H. Perry, Jr. W. 0. Nuckolls I. W. St. Clair I. W. St. Clair H. S. Osborne E. 0. David W. C. Brummell Miss C. D. Murray A. R. Laslex C. M. Morton City Owensboro Louisville Louisville Louisville Louisville Louisville Providence Louisville Louisville Middleslboro Cynthiana Anchorage Carlisle Hopkinsville Louisville COLLEGES AND STATE SCHOOLS West Ky. Voc. Training H. C. Russell, President Paducah Kentucky State College R. B. Atwood, Pres. Frankfort Louisville Muni. Col. B. W. Doyle, Dean Louisville HONOR MEMBERS rMtrs. A. B. Bowman Crow, retired teacher, Bardstown W. H. Perry, Jr., Louisville M. J. Sleet, Paducah 'Whitney M. Young, Lincoln Ridge Russell R. Handley, Larue County Mrs. Lucie C. Stone, Pardue County County Ballard Jeffersontown Logan Metcalf Robertson Washington Boyle Oldham Todd Individuals Mrs. Laura Rdbinson Miss Lucy Lee Hayden Superintendent V. W. Wallis Orville J. Stivers R. B. Piper, Jr. -Herman L Williams James W. Colvin J. F. MdWhorter' H. A. Cocanougher Jas. Cooper, Principal Mrs. Iola P. Morronw City Louisville Scottsville County Seat Wickliffe Louisville Russellville Edmonton Mt. Olivet Springfield Danville La Grange Elkton 30 KULLINGS At the request of the Liberian government, an all-Negro mis- sion of eleven Americans, includ- ing physicians, engineers, ento- mologists and nurses, has inau- gurated a five year health and sanitation program in 'Liberia, West Africa. The G. I. Bill of Rights guar- antees to every honorably dis- charged enlisted man certain educational privileges at the ex- pense of the government. The Colored Teachers State Association of Texas has organiz- ed the Texas Commission on De- mocracy in Education, commit- ted to "the democratic princi- ple of equal right and opportun- ity for all to tax-supported edu- cation." Its influence is fbeing felt in the matter of teachers' salar- YOUNG MAN! ies, lengthened school term, and development of Prarie View Col- lege. Senator Langer of North Da- kota has introduced into the'Sen- ate "a bill to prevent discrimi- nation 'by colleges and universi- ties on account of race, color, or creed." 'Mrs. Lucy Harth Smith, KJN. E. A. president, and Miss Maude E. Brown, Assistant Principal of 'Central High 'School, Louisville, attended a meeting of the Nomi- nating Committee of the Trustees of the Teachers' Retirement Fund. Trustees stated that assets of the Fund amount to more than $5,000,000, and that over 400 retired teachers are receiving $100;01010 per year. YOUNG WOMANI WEST KENTUCKY VOCATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL (Paducah, Kentucky Opens The Door Of Opportunity For Men For Women Autoimobile Mechanics Tailoring Barbaring Woodwork & Construction Chef Cookery Electric Welding Related Training, high school Tailoring Trade Sewing Home Making & Cooking Beauty Culture Commercial Cookery (Barfbering subjects, Poultry Culture available. Enroll and start toward independence Note: It is understood that the operation of all courses is subject to any limitations that the government may, because of the war situation, find necessary to impose. * H. C. RUSSELL, President For Reservation Write or Wire 32 THE ALLEN HOTEL AND GRILL .**+* * KENTUCKY'S FINEST COLORED HOTEL 50 Newly Re-Decorated Roorns-Hot and Cold Water Tub and Shower Baths-Rates $1.00 Up 2516 WEST MADISON ST. LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY H. McCLARN, Manager The Domestic Life And Accident Insurance Co. STRENGTH-SERVICE SECURITY 21 Years of Satisfactory Service OVER $2,000,000 PAID TO POLICYHOLDERS OVER 500,000 POLICYHOLDERS RESERVE OVER 200,000 SURPLUS TO POLICYHOLDERS Has Purchased $325,000 War Bonds All Claims Paid Promptly And Cheerfully Insuze In THE DOMESTIC and Help Maek Jobs In Your Sons and Daughtwo SOME OMCE - LOUISVILLE. KY. W. L. SANDERS, President J. E. SMrIT, Vice President . BD. TERRY, Secretary and Agency Dhcdor C. W. SNYDER, ML D., CLARENCE YOUNG, Medical Director Treasurer 0 Office Phone AR 0981

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