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George Rogers Clark papers, 1771-1784 / edited with introduction and notes by James Alton James. (vol. 2)

George Rogers Clark papers, 1771-1784 / edited with introduction and notes by James Alton James. (vol. 2) Clark, George Rogers, 1752-1818. 400dpi TIFF G4 page images University of Kentucky, Electronic Information Access & Management Center Lexington, Kentucky 2002 b92-125-29177544v2 Electronic reproduction. 2002. (Beyond the shelf, serving historic Kentuckiana through virtual access (IMLS LG-03-02-0012-02) ; These pages may be freely searched and displayed. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. George Rogers Clark papers, 1771-1784 / edited with introduction and notes by James Alton James. (vol. 2) Clark, George Rogers, 1752-1818. Trustees of the Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield, Ill. : 1912-1926. 2 v. : ports. ; 23 cm. Coleman Includes bibliographies and index. Microfilm. v. 1-2. Atlanta, Ga. : SOLINET, 1993. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. (SOLINET/ASERL Cooperative Microfilming Project (NEH PS-20317) ; SOL MN03707.01 KUK) Printing Master B92-125. IMLS This electronic text file was created by Optical Character Recognition (OCR). No corrections have been made to the OCR-ed text and no editing has been done to the content of the original document. Encoding has been done through an automated process using the recommendations for Level 1 of the TEI in Libraries Guidelines. Digital page images are linked to the text file. Clark, George Rogers, 1752-1818. Clark's Expedition to the Illinois, 1778-1779. Clark's Expedition against Detroit, 1781.James, James Alton, 1864-1962. EDITOR'S PREFACE The present volume continues the publication of documents relating to George Rogers Clark and his activity in the revolutionary Northwest from I78i to 1784. Since this volume and its predecessor were first planned great amounts of additional Clark material have come to light; but so far no definite plans for their publication have been formulated. The work of pre- paring this volume for the press has been done by the assistant editor of the Collections, Miss Marguerite E. Jenison. In this and in the work of proof reading and indexing she has had the assistance of Miss Lucille F. Kile and Miss Elizabeth K. Biersmith. THEODORE C. PEASE Urbana, Illinois January i2, I925 111 This page in the original text is blank. COLLECTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY EDITED BY THEODORE CALVIN PEASE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS VOLUME XIX This page in the original text is blank. ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY BOARD OF TRUSTEES OTTO LEOPOLD SCHMIDT, President CHARLES HENRY RAMMELKAMP, Vice President LAURENCE MARCELLUS LARSON, Secretary JESSIE PALMER WEBER, Librarian THEODORE CALVIN PEASE, Editor ADVISORY COMMISSION EVARTS BOUTELL GREENE WILLIAM EDWARD DODD JAMES ALTON JAMES ANDREW CUNNINGHAM MCLAUGHLIN EDWARD CARLETON PAGE THEODORE CALVIN PEASE CHARLES HENRY RAMMELKAMP This page in the original text is blank. VIRGINIA SERIES VOLUME IV GEORGE ROGERS CLARK PAPERS 1781-1784 This page in the original text is blank. COLLECTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY. VOLUME XIX VIRGINIA SERIES,,VOLUME IV GEORGE ROGERS CLARK PAPERS 1781-1784 EDITED WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES HY JAMES ALTON JAMES, Ph. D., LL. D. WILLIAM SMITH MASON PROFESSOR OF AMERICAN HISTORY, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PUBLISHED BY THE TRUSTEES OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS COPYRIGHT, I 926 BY THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL LIBRARY SCHNVPP BARNES, PRINTERS SPRINGFILD, ILL. 1924 AUTHOR'S PREFACE During the year i9i2 the first volume of the George Rogers Clark Papers, Illinois Historical Collections, Volume VIiI, Virginia Series, Volume iII, was pub- lished. This volume contained all of the available Clark papers prior to October I, 1781. Upon the recommendation of the Advisory Commission of the Illinois State Historical Library, the search for ma- terial covering the remaining years of the Revolution in the West having to do especially with the activities of Clark was continued. A second volume of material covering activities in the West to I784 is here offered. It again seems best to include, as was done in the first volume, letters written to and about Clark which have heretofore been printed and which are thought to be essential to the explanation of his work. The pri- mary aim has been to interpret events connected with the Revolution west of the Alleghanies. The general arrangement of the documents has been chronological but it has seemed best to include the account of the settlement of Virginia's claims against the United States. "The necessary and reasonable expences in- curred by this State in subduing any British posts or in maintaining forts or garrisons within and for the defence, or in acquiring any part of the territory so ceded or relinquish'd shall be fully reimbursed by the United States" as provided by an act of Congress re- lating thereto, October io, I780. The amount agreed upon by the three commissioners (May iS, 1788) was 500,000. V vi ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS When certain of the letters were originally secured from the archives of the Virginia State Historical Library, the collection of documents was known as the Illinois Papers. They were labeled Bundle I and Bundle II. These documents seem since to have dis- appeared and no trace of them has been found. One explanation is that they are hidden in some forgotten place or have been distributed throughout the present collections. In the Virginia State Library there are two copies of the Journal of the Northwestern Commissioners, which is included in this work. These are volumes vII and viii in the Illinois Papers, the first of these bearing all the marks of having been the original journal of the commissioners. Volume viii was doubtless a con- temporary copy but was the only one available when the transcript of the journal was first made. The dif- ferences in the volumes were mainly those of abbrevia- tion and punctuation. In the original there are many abbreviations and little punctuation and in some places it is torn or cannot be deciphered. As far as possible the original has been restored with such additions as were necessary for completeness. The documents herewith presented have, with but few exceptions, been selected by myself. The follow- ing persons made themselves responsible for compari- sons of the copies with the originals: for the Draper Manuscripts, Dr. Louise Phelps Kellogg; for the manuscripts in the State Department, Dr. N. D. Mere- ness; for those in the Virginia State Library, Dr. H. J. Eckenrode. JUTHOR'S PREFACE I wish to express my gratitude, also, to Dr. H. R. McIlwaine, state librarian of Virginia, for privileges extended in that library, to Dr. James A. Robertson for his assistance in securing copies of documents from the Congressional Library and from the State Depart- ment, to Dr. Kellogg for allowing me to read the copies of documents which are to appear in her forthcoming volume descriptive of the Revolution on the upper Ohio, and to Miss Annie A. Nunns, assistant superin- tendent of the Wisconsin State Historical Society, for her courtesy in enabling me to secure copies of material in the Draper Collection. From Professor Frederick J. Turner, Professor Clarence W. Alvord, former edi- tor of the Illinois Historical Collections, and from Professor Theodore C. Pease, present editor, I have received invaluable advice and assistance. I wish like- wise to express my thanks to the Advisory Commission and especially to the Board of Trustees of the Illinois State Historical Library through whose generosity this volume has been made possible. JAMES ALTON JAMES Evanston, Illinois August I, I923 Vii This page in the original text is blank. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . Xiii INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XV CHAPTER I. CRITICAL CONDITIONS IN THE WEST, OCTOBER 6, 178I TO MARCH 5, 1782 . . . . . . . . . . Evidences of danger and suggestions for defense; news of the surrender of Cornwallis; necessity for an offensive operation against Detroit; Virginia finances; commissioners appointed for the settlement of western accounts; rise of land values. CHAPTER II. CLARK'S PLAN FOR THE DEFENSE OF KEN- TUCKY, MARCH 5, 1782 TO JULY 5, I782 . . . . . 43 Gunboats to be used on the Ohio; troubles encountered in equip- ping these boats; Virginia assembly opposed to offensive opera- tions; disaffection growing out of the movement for an indepen- dent state in Kentucky; interest of James Monroe in the West. CHAPTER III. EXPEDITION OF COLONEL WILLIAM CRAW- FORD AGAINST THE INDIAN TOWNS ON THE UPPER SAN- DUSKY, JULY 6, 1782 TO AUGUST 6, 1782 . . . . . 71 Organization for Crawford's expedition at Fort Pitt; defeat of Colonel Crawford; retaliatory expedition demanded by the in- habitants of the upper Ohio. CHAPTER IV. THE BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, AUGUST 19, 1782 TO SEPTEMBER 3, 1782 . . . . . . . . . 89 Attack on Bryan's Station; plan of the Battle of Blue Licks; loss of Kentucky leaders; capture of Kincheloe's Station. CHAPTER V. COOPERATIVE EXPEDITIONS PLANNED BY GEN- ERAL WILLIAM IRVINE FROM FORT PITT AND GENERAL CLARK FROM FORT NELSON, SEPTEMBER 3, 1782 TO OCTOBER 19, 1782 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Effects of Crawford's Defeat and the Battle of Blue Licks; call for volunteers; criticism of Clark; additional forts to be built on the Ohio; origin of criticisms of Clark and his associates. ix x ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS CHAPTER VI. EXPEDITION AGAINST THE SHAWNEE, OCTO- BER 22, 1782 TO JANUARY 13, I783 . . . . . . . . I40 Preparation for the campaign; criticism of Clark not justified; creditors importune Clark for relief; British plans for the cam- paign; expedition from Fort Pitt given up; Clark's plan of cam- paign; Clark's account of the expedition; friendly relationship existing between Thomas Jefferson and Clark; peace with the Chickasaw and Creek; lack of supplies in the western depart- ment; Clark ordered to report in Richmond. CHAPTER VII. WESTERN PROBLEMS DURING THE WINTER AND SPRING, JANUARY i6, I 783 TO APRIL 29, 1783 . . 183 Protection of immigrants; abuses in the public service; condi- tions in Kentucky; Fort Nelson, the key to the West; terms of peace. CHAPTER VIII. CONDITIONS IN THE WEST AFTER PEACE, APRIL 30, I783 TO DECEMBER 22, 1783 . . . . . . 227 Problem of the Indians; lands granted the officers of the Illi- nois Regiment; plea for western creditors; reasons for high prices in the West during the Revolution; Clark relieved of his com- mand; Clark asked by Jefferson to lead a party for the explora- tion of the territory west of the Mississippi River; Clark ap- pointed principal surveyor of bounty lands. CHAPTER IX. CLARK'S ACCOUNTS WITH VIRGINIA, MARCH 30, I778 TO JUNE 9, I783 . . . . . . . . . . 254 Virginia debtor to Clark; Virginia creditor to Clark; summary of accounts connected with the conquest of the Northwest; bills drawn by various officers; pay roll of Captain Joseph Bowman's Company, August 8, 1778 to December 14, 1778; pay roll of Cap- tain Edward Worthington's Company, July 17, 1778 to June i, 1779; pay roll of Captain Jesse Evans' Company, December 29, 1778 to April 5, 1779. CHAPTER X. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, NOVEMBER I, 1782 TO JULY I, 1783 . . . . . . . 290 First meeting of commissioners at Harrodsburg, November x, 1782; recommendations of the commissioners on the construction of forts, December 23; misapplication of funds or stores; report of proceedings of the commissioners, February I7, 1783; situation at Fort Nelson, March 24, 1783; the state not obligated to honor bills drawn by unauthorized persons; bills to be paid according to the Illinois scale of depreciation; Doctor Connard, surgeon to the Illinois troops, June 19, 1783; amounts due Clark. TABLE OF CONTENTS xi CHAPTER XI. ALLOTMENT OF LANDS IN CLARK'S GRANT TO SOLDIERS ON THE ILLINOIS EXPEDITION, FEBRUARY I, 1783 TO APRIL 3, 1784 . . . . . . . . . . . 413 Commission organized, February x, 1783, at Fort Nelson; lands located opposite Louisville; William Clark appointed principal surveyor; those entitled to receive lands, August 3, 1783; Clark empowered to erect a mill in Clarksville, August 7, 1783; sale of lots, May 9, 1786; Clark present at meeting of the board, Feb- ruary x, 1813. APPENDIX. VIRGINIA'S CLAIMS AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, MAY 15, 1788 . . . . . . . . . . . 465 Appointment of three commissioners; five hundred thousand dollars in specie to be paid Virginia. LIST OF WORKS CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478 INDEX This page in the original text is blank. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A.D.S. =Autograph Document Signed A.L. =Autograph Letter A.L.S. =Autograph Letter Signed Draper -Iss., 52JI7=Draper Manuscripts, Wisconsin Historical Library, vol. 52, page 17 D.S. =Document Signed I.H.C. =Illinois Historical Collections L.S. =Letter Signed [ ] -Words supplied by editor xiii This page in the original text is blank. THE LAST YEARS OF WEST OF THE THE REVOLUTION MOUNTAIN S SPECIAL INTRODUCTION xv This page in the original text is blank. INTRODUCTION THE LAST YEARS OF THE REVOLUTION WEST OF THE MOUNTAINS October i9, I78i saw the surrender of Cornwallis and the final triumph of the Revolution east of the Alleghanies. Washington with his army of two thou- sand Americans and five thousand Frenchmen had made a brilliant march of four hundred miles from the Hudson to the York River, had joined forces with Lafayette and completely hemmed in the British army of seven thousand on the narrow peninsula between the James River and the York. After vainly striving to break the lines of the besiegers, Cornwallis had sur- rendered his army as prisoners of war. The instruc- tions issued to Sir Guy Carleton, who was setting out to take command in America (April 4, 1782), directed him to transfer the garrison at New York to Halifax, even at the price of an early capitulation, and to with- draw the garrisons at Charleston and Savannah. That there was to be no further effort towards conquering the revolting colonists was evident. During the last months of I78i and for upwards of a year thereafter the control of the West was still in the balance and British and American leaders in this region continued to exercise their greatest military and diplomatic abilities. Clark continued to hold Fort Nelson, recently constructed at the Falls of the Ohio, as his base of operations. From it he could Xvii xviii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS exercise control of the Illinois posts, rally militiamen for the protection of the Kentucky settlements, and keep the British on the defensive at Detroit. He might even attempt the capture of that fort-the goal of his ambition from the days when the first plans were for- mulated for the capture of the Illinois country.' Brit- ish leaders, while striving to hold the friendship of the northwestern tribes, sought to regain control over the Illinois country and the Mississippi River, to drive the Americans from Fort Nelson, and recapture Fort Pitt. An understanding of the situation at the end of 178i becomes clear only as the salient points in the con- duct of the war in the West during the two preceding years are recalled. Such a review will serve to dem- onstrate to what extent the Northwest was then under the military dominance of the Americans.2 During the summer of 1779, following the capture of Kaskas- kia and Vincennes, Clark was forced to forego the march against Detroit, as he expressed it, "Detroit lost for want of a few Men. . . ."' But his prepara- tions for this expedition produced unexpected results on the enemy, who hurried reinforcements to Detroit and Michillimackinac and improved their defenses. Their French and Indian allies were in a panic over the report that the English, unable to withstand the effect of the alliance of the Americans, French, Spanish, and Germans, would be driven out of Amer- 'Clark to George Mason, November 19, 1779. James, George Rogers Clark Papers (Illinois Historical Collections, 8), xr6. 'Some of this discussion was taken from my article, "To What Extent was George Rogers Clark in Military Control of the Northwest at the Close of the American Revolution" Annual Report of the American His- torical Association, 1917, pp. 313-329. 'Clark to Mason, November 19, 1779. Clark Papers, 146. INTRODUCTION ica.' So great was the disaffection among the Indians that according to British testimony the Sioux was the only tribe still true to them. Two expeditions sent from Michillimackinac to intercept the Ameri- cans, one a force of some three hundred regulars, trad- ers, and Indians, the other numbering six hundred made up mainly of Indians, and a third with two hun- dred Indians led by officers from Detroit, retreated in haste upon hearing a report that Clark was advancing toward Detroit with a force of four thousand. A cam- paign against Vincennes and another against Fort Pitt were likewise abandoned. While establishing his headquarters in the newly erected fort at the Falls of the Ohio, Clark's plans seem to have comprehended two main objects-to raise a force in Kentucky, "with the hopes of giving the Shawneess a Drubing",2 and to make a "bold push" and reduce Detroit and Mackinac.3 Full powers were granted him by Governor Jefferson to engage in either of these enterprises or to establish a post near the mouth of the Ohio. While preparing for the capture of Detroit, with- out which there could be no permanent peace, Clark, in the spring of 1780, began the erection of Fort Jeffer- son on the Mississippi, five miles below the mouth of the Ohio, although a location north of that river had 'De Peyster to Haldimand, July aI, I779. Michigan Pioneer and His- torical Collections, 9:390-391. 'Clark to Mason, November 19, 1779. Clark Papers, 153. 'Clark to Jonathan Clark, January i6, 1780. Ibid., 383. "my proposi- tion would be to Make a bold push Reduce those Garisons and no peace with the Indians, only on our own terms, and never after suffer arms or amunition to go among them which would effectually bring them to our Feet... " X1X xx ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS been formerly contemplated.' Some months before he had advocated building this fort, on the ground that a failure of crops in the Illinois country rendered advis- able a location nearer the frontier settlements of Ken- tucky to make the sustenance of his troops more feas- ible.2 Moreover, he argued that this post should be made the center for the other western garrisons, that it would at once become the key to the trade of the west- ern country and furnish a good location for the Indian department as well as give the means of controlling the Chickasaw Indians and the Illinois posts. By March of 1780 he was aware that the British were again win- ning control over the northwestern tribes and that they contemplated some such plan of action as that attempt- ed by Governor Hamilton in I779. Not alone had this expedition which threatened the total loss of the West to be checked, but the advance of the Spaniards east of the Mississippi, who, as John Todd said, had a "fond- ness for engrossing Territory",3 had also to be met. The continuance of American control in the Illinois coun- try seemed, as Clark believed, to depend on the concen- tration of his available force at the new fort. By this striking move the Indians would be so mystified that they would refuse to join the British on the aforesaid expedition. At no time was there the suggestion of abandoning any territory beyond the Ohio, Governor Jefferson having adopted the views of Clark and John Todd on the practicability of concentration in the fort at the mouth of the Ohio which would, as he said, 'Thomas Jefferson to the Speaker of the House of Delegates, June 14, 1780. Clark Papers, 427. 'Clark to Jefferson, September 23, 1779. Ibid., 365. 'John Todd to Jefferson, June 2, 1780. Ibid., 422. INTRODUCTION facilitate trade with the Illinois and be near enough to furnish aid to that territory, protect the trade with New Orleans, and together with other posts to be estab- lished constitute a chain of defense for the western frontier.' In pursuance of this project, the troops were withdrawn from Vincennes, leaving only a company of French militia to guard that post. But before the re- tirement of the troops from the Illinois villages had taken place a formidable advance by the British was begun. This plan for gaining control over the Mississippi, -for Spain, joint tenant with Great Britain since 1763, was now also at war with her-for the recapture of the Illinois country, the Falls of the Ohio, and finally Forts Pitt and Cumberland, was one of the most striking mil- itary conceptions of the entire Revolution. If success- ful, the whole region west of the Alleghanies doubtless would have remained British territory, for all commu- nication between Clark and the East would thus have been destroyed. Besides, conditions east of the moun- tains must have been modified, for British rangers and their hordes of Indian allies would have been free to join the ranks of the British generals in Virginia and the South. The British planned to advance in five sections and to make three major assaults at widely separated points. With a force of fifteen hundred men General Camp- bell was to proceed from Pensacola and capture New Orleans. His strength was to be increased by the ad- dition of white troops and Indians from Michillimack- 'Thomas Jefferson to Joseph Martin, January 24, 1780. Clark Papers, 385. xxi xxii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS inac, this force having to advance down the Mississippi after capturing St. Louis. The third detachment, as- sembled by Detroit officials, was to detain Clark at the Falls of the Ohio. One of the subsidiary forces was to advance by way of the Illinois River, while a second was ordered to watch the plains between the Wabash and the Mississippi. The attack on St. Louis and the Illinois villages was entrusted by Governor Sinclair of Michillimack- inac to Captain Emanuel Hesse. His command, made up of nine hundred and fifty British regulars, traders, and Indians, was assembled at the junction of the Mis- sissippi and the Wisconsin. Conspicuous among the Menominee, Sauk, Fox, Winnebago, and Ottawa war- riors was a body of two hundred Sioux braves under the leadership of Wabasha, their illustrious chief. While the capture of Governor Hamilton had weak- ened the hold of the British on the northwestern tribes, the Sioux, as stated by Sinclair, were undebauched, addicted to war, and jealously attached to His Maj- esty's interest. Warned of the approach of the enemy, the Spaniards had so strengthened their defenses at St. Louis that the first assault was repulsed. Meantime Clark had reached Cahokia in response to the appeals for his immediate presence from De Leyba, the Span- ish lieutenant governor, and from Colonel John Mont- gomery. After a short skirmish at Cahokia the British retreated in two divisions, one up the Mississippi and the other to Michillimackinac. Two retaliatory ex- peditions were sent in pursuit, but the enemy made good his escape. The villages of the Sauk and Foxes on the Rock River were destroyed by the Americans. INTRODUCTION xxiii It is impossible to determine the reasons for the British retreat. Clark claimed that it was due to the presence of himself and his men. The British pointed to the treachery of some of their Indian leaders and to the lack of spirit on the part of the Canadians.' General Campbell evidently made no effort to leave Pensacola. The third expedition was quite as striking a failure. For weeks Major De Peyster lavished what his superi- ors characterized as an "amazing sum" on the "indul- gence" of the tribes tributary to Detroit in order to en- list them for the expedition against the Falls of the Ohio.2 This, if successful, would cut the American communication with the East, force the surrender of the Illinois posts, and reduce the Kentucky settle- ments.3 With a well-equipped force of eleven hun- dred, a thousand of them being Indians, Captain Henry Bird, one of the best type of British leaders, de- scended from the Miami to the Ohio. Notwithstand- ing his possession of two pieces of light artillery, he determined not to hazard an attack on the fort at the Falls. Learning that reinforcements had arrived from Virginia and that the other expeditions had failed, he turned toward Detroit after destroying Rud- dle's and Martin's stations, two small Kentucky stock- aded posts. So rapidly did he retreat that he aban- doned his cannon at one of the Miami villages. 'Wisconsin Historical Collections, 1I:154. 'General Haldimand stated the amount to be pound;64,036. On July 6, 1780, he wrote, "The appearance of such drafts in so regular so quick a succession, naturally laid me to reflect upon their fatal consequences to the nation. . ." Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., lo04o9. 'Answers of Thomas Marshall and James Knox to questions of the com- missioners to adjust the claims of Virginia against the United States, De- cember 8, 3787, Bureau of Indexes and Archives, Department of State, Washington, D. C. Xxiv ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS At no time in his career did Clark's capacity for leadership appear more brilliant. No obstacle could deter him from delivering such a stroke as would pre- vent a second attempt that year on the part of the en- emy. The rapidity with which he advanced to his goal was not unlike the drive toward Vincennes in the Feb- ruary days of the preceding year. Learning of the designs of Captain Bird, he set out from Cahokia with a few men for Fort Jefferson, and after barely escaping capture by the Indians, struck off through the wilder- ness with only two companions for Harrodsburg. In spite of protests from the crowd of investors in land, he closed the doors of the land office until the end of the campaign, and by August i, seven weeks from the time of his leaving Cahokia, one thousand volunteers had responded to his order to assemble at the mouth of the Licking River. After a forced march they reached Old Chillicothe, but the Indians had fled. At Piqua, a few miles beyond, a well-built town with a block- house, the Americans overtook and attacked several hundred Indians, and after a fierce engagement forced them to retreat. No effort was made at pursuit. After burning the towns, Clark led his troops to the mouth of the Licking, where they disbanded. In this cam- paign of a month they had marched four hundred and eighty miles, and so successful was the effort that dur- ing the remainder of the year the Kentucky settlements were freed from serious molestation. By Christmas time, Clark was in Richmond con- sulting with the authorities over plans for taking De- troit. Such an expedition would serve to prevent the INTRODUCTION promised advance of the British, of which there were again unmistakable signs. Inspired by the more ag- gressive policy of Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, and George Mason, leaders in the House of Delegates, Clark's instructions provided for an advance of two thousand men with the ultimate object of reducing De- troit and acquiring Lake Erie. If successfully carried out, so argued Governor Jefferson, this expedition would insure peace on the whole frontier and create an extensive area for commercial expansion. In the event of peace the acquisition would "form to the American union a barrier against the dangerous extension of the British Province of Canada and add to the Empire of liberty an extensive and fertile Country... "'' At the opening of the year 178i, therefore, there was no evi- dence of final territorial demands extending over an area less than the whole Northwest. Besides, Wash- ington promised contributions from the continental stores for this object, which he declared he had con- stantly borne in mind, believing that the reduction of Detroit "would be the only certain means of giving peace and security to the whole western frontier ... For the first time a complete military organization for the West was completed, by making Clark briga- dier general of the forces which were "to be embodied on an expedition westward of the Ohio."3 At no time during the Revolution was there a more striking exam- ple of military inefficiency on the part of both the gen- 'Jefferson to Clark, December 25, 1780. Clark Papers, 490. 'Washington to Jefferson, December 28, 1780. Washington, Writings (Sparks ed.), 7:341. 'Clark Papers, 507. This commission was granted under authority of Governor Jefferson. XXVt xxvi ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS eral government and Virginia. Almost six weeks were wasted by Congress and the Board of War in collecting the promised supplies for the western expedition, and there was a delay of two weeks at one point between Philadelphia and Fort Pitt in order to make new kegs for the transportation of powder. The time of neces- sary waiting at Pittsburgh might well have disheart- ened any leader. Drafting troops, under Virginia mil- itary laws, was a failure and Governor Jefferson was forced to resort to the call for volunteers. Colonel Daniel Brodhead, commanding officer at Fort Pitt, refused to grant permission for two hundred regulars to go on the expedition, and finally, early in August, Clark set out down the Ohio with four hundred regu- lars and volunteers, a force scarcely adequate to guard the boats which contained supplies for fully two thou- sand men. But plans had been agreed upon at Pitts- burgh which provided for an expedition against the Wyandot early in September under Colonel Gibson, while Clark was to advance against the Shawnee. Once more Clark's activities had served as a defense to the frontier. Detroit was put into condition for withstand- ing this attack and Indian demands at that post were frequent and "amazing."' Clark's arrival at Louisville was opportune, for never was there a prospect so gloomy for the fate of the West. While Fort Nelson was completed, as he had directed, Fort Jefferson had been evacuated and there was a prospect that the Americans would be compelled to abandon Vincennes, where there was still a garrison 'Haldimand to De Peyster, April 10, 178i. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., io465. INTRODUCTION of sixty men.1 Preparations for the promised expedi- tion against Detroit had been made by Kentucky offi- cials under the most adverse conditions, for the credit of Virginia throughout the West was worthless. Dur- ing the winter and spring the Kentucky settlements had been devastated by a succession of Indian raids and there were well-founded rumors that an army was to be sent against them from Detroit. By order of the Vir- ginia assembly, the expedition against that post was postponed. In council with his officers and the three Kentucky county lieutenants early in September, Clark still clung to his determination to march against the Indians by the way of the Wabash or the Miami and then to De- troit. But his advisers deemed the force available, some seven hundred men, inadequate for such an expe- dition. While insisting on the maintenance of the gar- rison at the Falls, they likewise recommended that a fort should be built at the mouth of the Kentucky, and urged the assembling of a strong force for the reduc- tion of Detroit the next spring. Clark still advocated an expedition up the Wabash against the Indian tribes among whom the British emissaries seemed to be most strongly intrenched. He saw in such a move the cap- ture of Detroit and the possession of Lake Erie, control of the savages and preservation of the Kentucky settle- ments, retention of power over the Illinois, both Span- ish and American, and ultimate influence on the terms of peace.2 It is probable he had in his possession at the 'Fort Jefferson was finally evacuated in June, 178i. Some of the gar- rison went to Vincennes. Clark Papers, 6o6. 'Clark to Governor Nelson, October I, 178z. Ibid., 605-608. XXVHi xxviii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS time the message from Colonel Arthur Campbell, writ- ten a month earlier, in which he stated that peace would probably be declared within a few months. This letter outlined the general situation, with Washington carry- ing on operations against New York, with Greene nearly in control of the two southern states that were the preceding winter occupied by the enemy, and with the Spanish governor of Louisiana, Galvez, in posses- sion of Pensacola. It concludes with language strik- ingly resembling that of Benjamin Franklin to Lord Shelburne in the peace preliminaries seven months and a half later: "I wish we could carry our arms to the banks of Lake Erie, before a cessation would take place; to attempt it farther, might be risking too much. For Canada confined to its ancient limits may serve our present turn: altho' every true American must ack- nowledge, the advantages that would accrue, could Canada be added to the Union."' Early in December (178i), the numerous recom- mendations from the western officials were considered by the Virginia legislature.2 While the members were fully aware of the critical situation, they were powerless to assume the burdens of an offensive warfare with an empty treasury and paper money depreciated to the ratio of 0ooo to I.! "Our Paper Money is at an End," wrote Governor Harrison, "and from the Redun- dancy of that baneful Medium which has hitherto cir- culated amongst us, the Credit of the State is at a very 'Colonel Arthur Campbell to Clark, September 3, 178i. Clark Papers, 595. Colonel Campbell was stationed at Washington, Pa. 'Journal of Virginia House of Delegates, December xt, 1781, p. 35. See post, 15-17. 'Jonathan Clark to Clark, November 8, 1781. See post, 12. INTRODUCTION low Ebb."' Legislative regulation and the imposition of heavy taxes were resorted to with the hope of restor- ing their lost credit. But contributions to the support of the army under General Nathanael Greene and the campaign against Lord Cornwallis had drained the state of its resources. The extended territory from which collections were to be made rendered relief through taxation impossible. Governor Harrison was forced to answer the appeal of General Greene for re- lief as follows: "The Credit of the State is lost and we have not a Shilling in the Treasury. The powers for- merly given to embody and march the Militia out of the State are no longer continued to us, nor can we im- press what may be necessary for you, or even for our- selves, and the late Invasion has nearly drained us of our Stock of Provisions and Refreshments of all Kinds necessary for an Army. As this is not an exaggerated but a true State of our Situation I leave you to judge whether any great Dependance can for the present be placed on this State."2 The hopes of the leaders in the West were revived for a time by the report of the success of General Greene at Charleston and the capture of Cornwallis, but failure to carry out the expedition under General Clark and Colonel Gibson aroused their fears lest they should now be attacked from Detroit. Discontent be- came more prevalent during the winter months. Fort Pitt was described as a "heap of ruins."' The com- 'Governor Harrison to the President of Congress, January 21, 1782. Harrison Letter Book, 1781, p. 3!, Virginia State Archives. 'January 21, 1782. Harrison Letter Book, 1781, p. 32. 3Irvine to Thomas McKean, president of Congress, December 3, 1781. Washington Papers, Library of Congress. XXIX xxx ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS bined garrisons at this post and at Forts McIntosh and WN'heeling numbered two hundred and thirty men. I'1ilitary stores were almost exhausted, provisions were scarce, owing to the lack of public credit, although at the time it was stated that at least three hundred tons of flour were being held for shipment to Kentucky and New Orleans at the opening of navigation.' The boundary line between Pennsylvania and Virginia had not been settled and neither civil nor military authority could be enforced. There was an outcry against taxa- tion of every form. Large numbers of the inhabitants of Westmoreland County, because of Colonel Lochry's defeat, were threatening to retire to the east of the mountains.2 A day was set upon which other settlers were to assemble at Wheeling for the purpose of ac- quiring lands on the Muskingum and founding a new state which must ultimately come under British control. Desertions were common among the troops.3 For two years and three months they had received no pay. Forced to live in cold open barracks with little fuel and without adequate clothing, officers and men alike were incapable of performing the routine of garrison duties. "I never saw troops cut so truly a deplorable, and at the same time despicable, a figure. Indeed, when I 'General Irvine to Robert Morris, April 29, 1782: "Since I came up, I have given permits to ten boats for New Orleans and Kentucky, loaded with flour. I believe none of them carried less than thirty tons. I am in- formed ten or twelve more are to be down in one fleet of a much larger size." Butterfield, WPaskington-lrvine Correspondence, 202. 'James, "George Rogers Clark and Detroit, 1780-1781," in Proceedings of the Mississippi Palley Historical Association, 3:34-. "'. . .though nothing like general mutiny has taken place, yet several individuals have behaved in the most daring and atrocious manner, two of whom are now under sentence and shall be executed to-morrow, which I hope will check these proceedings." Washington-Irvine Correspondence, II1. INTRODUCTION arrived," so wrote General William Irvine, the suc- cessor of Brodhead who in September had been ordered to surrender his command to Colonel Gibson, "no man would believe from their appearance that they were soldiers; nay, it would be difficult to determine whether they were white men."1 The Pennsylvania assembly seemed to disregard all appeals for frontier relief and the commanding officer was forced to beg assistance from local authorities. By order of the Governor of Virginia, Clark was directed to garrison the Falls of the Ohio, the mouth of the Kentucky, the mouth of the Licking, and the mouth of Limestone Creek. Two gunboats were to be built for each post which should be used to patrol the Ohio and prevent any Indian bands from crossing.2 This defense, it was argued, would enable the inhabitants to protect themselves against the incursions of the enemy and occasionally to attack them.3 These garrisons were to be manned by regulars and militia consisting of one hundred men at the Falls and sixty-eight at each of the other posts. The carrying out of these measures was dependent upon the generosity of the people them- selves, supported by the promise that any debts con- tracted for the purpose should be met by the first means available and that there was every expectation of punc- tuality.4 The troops under Clark were poorly pre- pared for the service they were expected to render. For two years many of them had served without receiving any pay and during that time had been given neither 'Washington-Irvine Correspondence, 75. 'Benjamin Harrison to Clark, December 20, 1781. See post, 29 ff. 'See post, I6. 'Benjamin Harrison to Clark, March 24, 1782. See post, 49. Xxxi xxxii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS shoes nor stockings nor hats.' For a like period others had received no clothing of any sort from the state.2 Forced to live on half rations, they conceived themselves totally neglected while the main army, as they firmly believed, lacked nothing and was even sup- plied with luxuries. But the hardships in the camps of the main army were quite as extreme. Because of a lack of the ordinary means of transportation, provis- ions collected in one county were unavailable for the use of the troops in an adjoining county. At that time, Virginia troops at Cumberland Old Court House had received no meat for twelve days, and a state regiment at Portsmouth was reported to be in need of bread, meat, and salt.' Once more Clark's preparations, his evasive an- swers to inquiries, and messages to the enemy exerted a marked effect upon British plans and Indian acts. Typical of Clark's reports was one sent to the court of Kaskaskia, early in December, calling for the thorough enforcement of the laws and asserting that peace was shortly to be expected since Cornwallis with his entire armv had surrendered and Clinton had lost three thou- sand men. "Charleston", he declared, "is besieged and I think by this time it has surrendered with all the Eng- 'Captain Robert Todd to Thomas Nelson, December xi, 1781. See post, 14. Captain Todd was the paymaster of Clark's regiment. "'Our distress for the want of clothing cannot be otherwise than ap- parent when you reflect sir that for more than a year and a half we have not in this particular experienced the bounty of our country but have been left to struggle through a complication of difficult and distressful circum- stances upon our own slender means." Joseph Crockett to Governor Har- rison, April 3, 1782. Clark Manuscripts, Virginia State Library. Crockett accompanied Clark on the expedition. 'Major Alexander Dick to Colonel Davies, January 14, 1782; Colonel Febiger to Colonel Davies, January 23, 1782. Calendar of Firginia State Papers, 3:20, 44. INTRODUCTION lish troops; so that there will scarcely remain an Eng- lishman on the continent except those who are pris- oners." More than one-half the Indian tribes made overtures for peace.' On the other hand during the fall and winter British authorities strove to gain con- trol of all the northwestern tribes. Great sums in pres- ents were bestowed upon them and discipline was re- laxed, for, as stated by one of the officials, Indians must be used "to prevent the inroads of the Virginians" and must be "delicately managed, to prevent their favour- ing those rebels. .. ". In January, a company of Indians was sent to drive off some traders at "Chicagou," who were using their influence among the Indians in behalf of the Americans.3 Late in November, chiefs of the Shawnee, Wyandot, Delaware, and ten other tribes as- sembled at Detroit.4 They were instructed to make no attack, particularly on Kentucky, until towards spring.5 As a feint, small parties were sent forward to steal horses and commit minor depredations, thus keep- ing settlers off their guard until the coming of the main expedition which was to capture Fort Nelson and the other posts and at a single blow lay waste the whole frontier. Promise for the success of the plan was greater because of the arrival at Detroit of Rocheblave, Lamothe, and other captured leaders, all anxious to re- trieve their former disasters by capturing the Illinois 'Shane Papers, in Wisconsin Historical Library, x6:37 (Draper MSS., 17CCJ40). It was estimated that twenty-seven of the fifty tribes were pre- pared to treat with Clark. 'De Peyster to Haldimand, January 26, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colts., 10:548. ']bid., 547- 4Washington-1rvine Correspondence, go. 'Clark to Governor Harrison, March 5, 1782. See post, 44. XXXM xxxiv ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS country and Vincennes.' Early in February the most exposed settlements of Kentucky and Virginia were surprised, a number of prisoners were captured, cabins burned, and stock killed. The outlook was still gloomier, for Clark had ten- dered his resignation to the Governor. Power to draw bills on the state had been entrusted to Clark alone, but large quantities appeared drawn by Colonel John Montgomery, Captain Robert George, and others. It was suspected that there was collusion between the drawers and those to whom the bills were made pay- able, because of the large amounts and the fact that most of them were for specie when it was common knowledge that there was no specie available in the state.2 By an act of the assembly five commissioners were appointed to investigate the conduct of all offi- cers, agents, contractors, and other persons who had dis- bursed public money in the West belonging to Virginia, and if it seemed desirable to appoint others to their po- sitions.3 Clark interpreted the act as a reflection upon his conduct of public affairs. Free from military ser- vice, he planned to give attention to his land holdings, for, as he said, he possessed an "unprecedented Quan- tity of the finest Lands in the Western World. . . " At the time, immigration to the West was so extensive that the land values rose "amazingly." Not only was his request to be relieved from service refused, full confi- 'For the plan submitted by Lamothe, see Michigan Pioneer and His- torical Collections, 10:569-571. 'Harrison to Fleming, January 29, 1782. See Post, 33. 'Harrison Letter Book, 178i, pp. 41-42. The commissioners named were William Fleming, Thomas Marshall, Samuel McDowell, Daniel Smith, and Granville Smith. Any three of them might constitute the commission. For report of this commission, see post, 290 ff. INTRODUCTION dence in him having been expressed by the Governor, but his powers were made more extensive.' Fully aware that the task was the most difficult he had ever undertaken, Clark pushed the preparations vigorously for foiling the main attack of the enemy, which it was understood would be directed against Fort Nelson.2 "If we should be so fortunate as to re- pel this invasion without too great a loss to ourselves", he wrote, "the Indians will all scatter to their different Countries and give a fair oppertunity for a valuable stroke to be made among them-"3 In reply to his ap- peal, transmitted by Davies, for armed boats to prevent the incursions of Indians south of the Ohio, Governor Harrison wrote, "I am sorry to inform you that we have but 4. S. in the Treasury, and no means of getting any more.' Assuming a part of the expense himself, Clark gave special attention to the construction of four armed gal- leys with the design of using them to control the navi- gation of the Ohio at the mouth of the Miami. Spies and scouting parties were constantly engaged on the various trails leading to the settlements in order to prevent possible surprise.5 Early in July one of the boats, with a seventy-three foot keel, was completed, 'Clark to Jonathan Clark, February I6, 1782. See post, 39. "I am satisfy'd concerning the Verbal message alluded to in yours, finding that it was aimed at me. I wish those who see the Resolution may not think so, as its known that most publick transactions in the Western Departm't pas'd thro' my hands. Such an idea must be painful to me well knowing the Exertions I have us'd to save the publick monies." Clark to Governor Harrison, February I8, 1782. Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:68. "...but I doubt it will be out of my power to save this infant Cuntrey from those impending strokes that now Hover over it..." Clark to Jona- than Clark, February z6, 1782. See post, 39. 'Clark to Governor Harrison, May 2, 1782. See post, 64. 'April 22, 1782. See post, 6i. John Floyd to Clark, June 16, 1782. See post, 67. XXXV xXxvi ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS having bullet-proof gunwales four feet high and false gunwales which could be raised in case of attack.' When completely equipped, it was to be manned with one hundred and ten men, and was to carry a six-pound- er, two fours, and a two-pounder. The obstacles encountered in carrying out defen- sive measures were continuous. Militia ordered on duty at Fort Nelson refused to march. A company of thirty-eight men serving on the row galley deserted, even after unusual concessions had been granted them.2 The regiment of state infantry promised for western defense could not be sent, for it was found that their services would be necessary to guard the coast.3 Added to the general confusion and lack of discipline incident to the fear of attack, there was a spirit of insurgency on the part of certain leaders born of the desire to form an independent state and "calculated on purpose for disaffection an Evasion of duty.. . .' Clark's preparations were, in the usual fashion, magnified by the authorities at Detroit. It was assert- ed that he was about to march with four thousand men for the capture of that post. According to another report which was current, a force of one thousand French and Spaniards were to join Clark on this ex- pedition. To add to their alarm and confusion, early 'The expense was met in part by the sale of flour from the general storehouse. "Take all the pains you Can to find out and encourage Boat- builders and good workmen to repair to this place immediately, they shall have good wages in hard Money; if you can find experienced Ship Carpen- ters that come immediately he shall have almost what wages he will ask". Clark to Joseph Lindsay, March 5, 1782. See post, 43. 'Robert George to John Todd, Jr., July 14, 1782. See post, 77-78. 'Harrison to Clark, March 24, 1782. See post, 49. 4John Floyd to John May, April 8, 1782. See post, 54. INTRODUCTION in April the first news reached Detroit of the surrender of Cornwallis, and it was rumored that the Iroquois were about to make peace with the Americans.' There was no hope for assistance from Montreal for the British authorities were in expectation that such troops as they could spare would be needed to make a diver- sion in favor of General Clinton, who was defending New York. In anticipation of the importance of holding Detroit should peace ensue, General Haldi- mand ordered the collection of sufficient provisions to enable the garrison to withstand a formidable assault. The advance of Colonel William Crawford from Fort Pitt at the head of four hundred and eighty mounted men was regarded as the advance guard of this American army. His force was made up of Penn- sylvania and Virginia frontiersmen, some of whom had been guilty of taking part in the Moravian Indian massacre two months earlier. The outcome of Craw- ford's expedition can be fully understood only in its relation to this massacre, or the "Gnadenhutten affair" as it has been called. No other deed narrated in the annals of the frontier gives such evidence of a lapse into revolting brutality on the part of the borderers. Early in the year I772, David Zeisberger and John Heckewelder, Moravian missionaries who had labored faithfully among the Delaware in western Pennsyl- vania, responded to the appeal of the Delaware nation in Ohio and led their followers of Christian Indians to a site which was granted them by the Delaware on the upper Tuscarawas River about one hundred miles 'De Peyster to McKee, April 3, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., 10:565-566. xxxvii xxxviii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS from Fort Pitt. Here they founded three settlements, Salem, Gnadenhutten, and Schonbrunn, where for a number of years they lived undisturbed as prosperous farmers. Their cabins were well built; they were gov- erned by published laws and their children received some schooling. At the outbreak of the Revolution, their leaders declared thev were to remain neutral, an impossible r6le, living as they did on the warpath be- tween Fort Pitt and Detroit. Both sides were suspi- cious of them for at times some of their young men joined the war-parties of the British Indians and there is evidence of a secret correspondence between them and the Americans at Pittsburgh. That a stricter watch might be kept on them, a band of two hundred and fifty British and Indians under the renegade Captain Matthew Elliot during September, 178i appeared at their settlements and forced them to ac- company him to the upper Sandusky River. Their leaders were taken to Detroit but as no evidence was obtainable relating to their sympathy for the Ameri- cans they were permitted to return to their followers. Their suffering at the hands of their Indian captors and because of hunger and cold was extreme. Before the opening of spring a company of about a hundred Christian Indians was permitted to return to the de- serted villages to harvest the corn which still stood in the fields. Early that spring there was great consternation in the region of Fort Pitt because of Indian atrocities, and it was supposed the enemy was occupying the de- serted Moravian towns. Colonel David Williamson, INTRODUCTION with a force of some three hundred militia, was sent against them.' Disregarding the warning sent them, the Christian Indians made no effort to escape, and the entire company of men, women, and children, about ninety in all, was captured. For three days the captors deliberated, and then, as determined by the majority, all of the Indians were put to death in a "most cool and deliberate manner," one boy only escaping.2 De- nounced by the leaders on the frontier as an act dis- graceful to humanity and productive of dangerous consequences, they demanded that the perpetrators should be brought to punishment. But nothing further than the condemnation of the act resulted from the investigation by the assembly of Pennsylvania. Some of the guilty, however, soon met a just fate as members of the expedition under Crawford, for the Delaware, especially, sought to avenge the loss of their relatives. Colonel Crawford, who was a personal friend of General Washington, saw service at Brandywine in charge of a West Augusta regiment. He had seen service also in the West under General Hand and General McIntosh and was reported to be a brave and active officer. But he was not the leader for a retalia- tory expedition against an Indian enemy and only one hundred of his troops were veterans in this kind of warfare. On May 25 they set out in four columns from the Mingo Bottom, a day's journey from Fort Pitt, in the direction of the Wyandot and Shawnee towns on the 'Irvine to Washington, April 20, 1782. Washington-lrvine Correrpond- ence, 99, note 2. 'Major William Croghan to Colonel William Davies, July 6, 1782. See post, 71. XXXiX xl ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS upper Sandusky. These Indians, having some five hundred warriors, constituted the most inveterate foes of the whites, and according to General Irvine's in- structions, their settlements were to be destroyed "with fire and sword (if practicable) . . . by which we hope to give ease and safety to the inhabitants of this coun- try . . . "' Colonel Crawford hoped to move rapidly, as directed, and effect a surprise, but scouts reported his plans at Detroit before the advance was actually begun and Indian spies followed his every movement.2 Owing to the rough route and to what seems a lack of foresight, three days more were consumed in the march than were actually necessary. By a forced march the attack might have been made according to orders which were to make the last day's march as long as possible and attack the place in the night. But, con- fident of success, they encamped ten miles from the first Sandusky town and set out leisurely at seven in the morning after firing a volley from their rifles. In the meantime, the commandant at Detroit, while keeping careful watch for Clark's coming up the Wa- bash, dispatched Captain Caldwell with a company of rangers, volunteers and Lake Indians to the defense of the Sandusky villages. "It will however not be prudent to weaken this garrison much more," Colonel De Peyster wrote, "till I am satisfied that Mr. Clark is not meditating a stroke at this settlement by way of 'JYashington-Jrvine Correspondence, xI8, note x. .2Major De Peyster, unaddressed, May 14, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Coils., 10: 574-575. INTRODUCTION the Wabash."' After accessions of bands of Wyan- dot and Delaware warriors, this force of some three hundred, two-thirds of them Indians, encountered the Americans on the early afternoon of June 4. The battle which ensued lasted until dark, with little ad- vantage gained on either side, notwithstanding the superiority of the Americans in numbers. At daybreak the following morning, the firing was resumed and was kept up at long range during the greater part of that day. The Americans had lost their advantage, for early in the afternoon a force of one hundred and forty Shawnee joined the Indians. Be- lieving that the force of the enemy was now superior, American officers determined to retreat. In the dark- ness they forced their way through two divisions of the enemy. Discipline was impossible, and driven along by the Indians in close pursuit they finally fled in great confusion. At daybreak the main body, to- gether with straggling parties, a force of about three hundred men in all, had reached a spot five miles from the scene of action. Colonel Crawford was among the number missing and Colonel David Williamson, who was second in command, directed the retreat. So closely were they pursued by a force of rangers and Indians that they were forced to defend themselves in an open plain. In this action, the enemy was repulsed, the Americans entered the woods, and the retreat was continued without further molestation. On June 13 they recrossed the Ohio and the next day were dis- banded. The losses of the British were inconsiderable. 'Major De Peyster, unaddressed, May 14, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Cols., 10:575. Hi xlii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Fifty of the Americans were killed or missing. Most of those who fell into the hands of the Indians were put to death after extreme suffering. Colonel Crawford, with Doctor Knight, who served as surgeon on the expedition, together with nine others, were separated from the main body of troops and were captured by the Indians. Taken to an Indian town, they were stripped of their clothing, their bodies were blackened, and they were forced to run the gaunt- let, men, women, and children beating them with sticks and clubs. All of the prisoners save Crawford and Knight were put to death at once but these two were selected for torture. Knight was compelled to witness the sufferings of his companion, who with a rope around his body was led to a stake. Crawford, appeal- Ing in vain to Simon Girty to end his suffering by shoot- ing him, was then forced to walk barefoot over burning coals while his tormentors prodded his naked body with burning sticks. Knight was informed that he was to receive like treatment at a neighboring town. On his way thither, he was guarded by only one savage. The Indian, wishing a fire, unbound his prisoner and or- dered him to collect the wood. Having found a good billet, Knight felled his guard with it, escaped into the forest, and after twenty-one days of suffering through want of food, finally reached Fort Pitt. The Delaware justified their fiendish performances as a re- taliation for the cruelties of the Moravian massacre and asserted that not a single prisoner should in the future escape torture.! 'Irvine to Washington, July xi, 1782. See post, 76-77. INTRODUCTION In the midst of the general consternation caused by Crawford's defeat, the savages, incited by their victory, appeared in large numbers on the upper Ohio and ad- vanced as far as Hannastown, some thirty miles beyond Pittsburgh along the old Forbes road.' This settle- ment was burned and twenty of the inhabitants who were unable to gain the fort were made prisoners or killed. Isolated settlers were cut off in the usual fashion and other settlements were burned. The in- habitants who did not escape to the forts were mur- dered or held as prisoners, crops were destroyed and stock driven off by bands in the New River region and upon the other back settlements of the Carolinas. Frontiersmen who had sustained the greatest losses through Crawford's defeat urged retaliation and be- sought General Irvine to lead them on such an expe- dition. They offered to raise six or seven hundred militia and equip them with horses and provisions.2 In arranging for another campaign against the San- dusky villages, General Irvine, who lacked confidence in volunteers, proposed to send one hundred regulars as a nucleus for the force of nearly a thousand men. He was the more confident of success for Clark had promised cooperation by advancing against the Shawnee. Major De Peyster early received intelligence of this movement, which he rightly interpreted as a con- certed plan for the capture of Detroit. The defenses were strengthened and a gunboat was ordered sta- 'Washington-Irvine Correspondence, 176-177, 250, 383, 390-39x, note 2. 'Irvine to Major General Lincoln, July Is, 1782. Draper MSS., zAA250-252. xI.i.i xliv ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS tioned at the mouth of the Miami River.' Messages were forwarded to Captains Caldwell and McKee, who were at Sandusky, and to Captain Joseph Brant, who intended to attack Wheeling, directing them to act solely on the defensive. But by the end of July the Kentucky settlements had received a staggering blow. Eleven hundred Indians, the greatest single body mustered during the entire Revolution, were brought together by Caldwell and McKee for an attack on Wheeling. While marching in that direction they were overtaken by Shawnee messengers imploring them to return for the protection of their villages against an attack by Clark. The alarm had grown out of the appearance of the armed row-galley at the mouth of the Licking. Most of the savages declined to go further, but the leaders, not content with a fruit- less expedition, determined to invade Kentucky. With a small body of rangers and three hundred Wyandot and Lake Indians they crossed the Ohio and on the night of August IS appeared before Bryan's Station.2 This post, situated five miles to the northeast of Lex- ington, was the northernmost settlement of Fayette County. These two, together with Boone's, McGee's and Stroud's, were the only settlements north of the Kentucky River. At the time, Bryan's Station was a palisaded post of forty cabins occupied by ninety men, women, and children. The enclosure, which was two 'Captain Bird to General Powell, August 13, 1782; Major De Peyster to General Haldimand, August 28, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hiut. Colls., xo:625-627, 628-629. 2This station was built in 1779, chiefly by the Bryans of North Carolina. For an unknown reason from the beginning it was interchangeably known as Bryan's and Bryant's. See Filson Club Publications, 12:20-22, for a dis- cussion of this dual name. INTRODUCTION hundred yards long and forty yards wide, was sur- rounded by a wall twelve feet high. At each of the corners was a blockhouse two stories high with the upper story projecting two feet beyond the lower.' Its defense was dependent on forty-four men, heads of families, hunters and surveyors. The excitement during the night of August I5 was intense, for the settlers had been informed that a band of Indians which had been committing depredations had defeated a small company of militia sent in pursuit of them from a neighboring station. Some of the de- fenders of Bryan's were preparing to leave the fort to join those from other settlements in cutting off the retreat of the savages when evidence of their own danger was discovered. With such secrecy had the Indians advanced, that "no spy or scout gave warning of the storm."' By daybreak the fort was surrounded. Before sunrise a few spies were sent forward to draw the garrison outside the gate, but through bad manage- ment this movement failed and the whole plan was detected. Work of defense was immediately begun and two messengers were sent to Lexington praying for assist- ance. The spring which supplied the fort with water lay at the foot of the hill within easy reach of the am- bushed enemy. To deceive the savages, the women and girls volunteered to go, as usual, to secure a supply of water. So cheerfully did they leave the fort gate and descend the path that the Indians took it for granted they were ignorant of the presence of an enemy. They 'Filson Club Publications, 12:23-24. 'Executive Papers, August 31, 1782, Virginia State Archives. AiV xlvi ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS reasoned that if they captured the women the fort could not be surprised. Consequently, they allowed the pails to be filled and permitted the women to re- turn unmolested. Shortly afterwards a small body of Indians was sent to open fire on the fort from the side nearest the Lexington road. Such an attack, it was believed, would draw out a force from the stockade in pursuit and thus leave the others defenseless against the attack of the main body. Simon Girty and the other leaders were themselves deceived. Thirteen men rushed out of the gate towards Lexington, firing as they ran, as if in hot pursuit, but they returned as quickly. Believing that their ruse was successful, the main force of Indians ran whooping towards the west- ern gate. The defenders, fully prepared for such a stroke, opened fire on the approaching savages and drove them back in confusion. Before retreating, they set fire to some cabins outside the stockade, but a con- trary wind blew the sparks away from the fort and it was saved.' The enemy returned to the assault, no longer in the open, but from behind trees and stumps tried to direct their fire through portholes. The settlers strove to pick off any warrior who exposed himself. This ir- regular firing was kept up until early afternoon with but inconsiderable losses on either side. At that time a rescue party of some forty men under Colonel Levi Todd appeared. The two horsemen from the fort overtook Colonel Todd, who was a short distance out from Lexington on his way to cut off the retreat of a 'Canadian Archives, Haldimand Papers, series B., 123:308; Stipp, The Western Aiscellany, 85. INTRODUCTION band of savages which had been committing depreda- tions south of the Kentucky. He set out at once for Bryan's. To reach the fort along the Lexington road, they were compelled to pass by a field of tall corn in which the enemy was hidden. Warned by shots from the field, seventeen mounted men who were in ad- vance pushed on at top speed and screened by a cloud of dust succeeded in entering the fort in safety. Colonel Todd with the remainder of the force, mainly footmen, seeing that there was no hope of reaching the gate, fled towards Lexington, escaping from their pur- suers with the loss of two men killed and two wounded.' Despairing of reducing the fort before the coming of other rescue parties, Girty, from a position in which he was protected, called on the garrison to surrender. He promised protection if they capitulated but de- clared that none might hope for mercy if the siege were continued, for large reinforcements were hourly expected bringing artillery with which the fort could be blown to pieces. But the defenders were familiar with the fate of Ruddle's and Martin's stations and were not to be won by an empty promise of protection. A young man of the garrison, Aaron Reynolds, is said to have met the proposal in true backwoods style. He assured the renegade leader that he was well known and despised by all of them, that they had no fears of his artillery, and that if any of his followers entered the fort they would not deign to use rifles to oppose them but would drive them out with switches. He 'Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3 :300, 333. ..vi xlviii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS dared Girty to remain another day, for by that time their own reinforcements were promised and then not a single one of his followers should escape. The at- tack was continued throughout the night and ineffec- tual attempts were made to set fire to the fort. In the morning, Girty and his associates, convinced that the siege was hopeless, withdrew. They destroyed the growing corn, potatoes, and hemp, killed the cattle, sheep, and hogs, and took with them most of the set- tlers' horses. The retreat was conducted with delib- erate slowness and two days were consumed in covering the forty miles to the Licking River. No effort was made to disguise their route, and when they encamped at the Blue Licks on the evening of the seventeenth, spies were stationed in expectation that a pursuing force would soon overtake them. Shortly after the Indians retreated from Bryan's, armed forces from Lexington, Harrodsburg, Boones- borough and the smaller stations, in answer to the messages calling for assistance, began to arrive at that post. One hundred and thirty-five militia from Lin- coln County, without orders from Colonel Benjamin Logan, their county lieutenant, who was absent, led by Colonel Stephen Trigg and Majors Hugh McGary and Silas Harlan, hurried to the rescue. They were joined by the Fayette County militia led by Colonel John Todd and Colonel Daniel Boone. After a hurried council, it was determined to begin the pursuit at once for they were eager to avenge the losses caused by this invasion. Besides they were assured that the numbers of the enemy were inconsiderable and that they might INTRODUCTION safely be attacked by the force then available.' On the morning of August i8, one hundred and eighty mounted men led by Colonel John Todd and Colonel Stephen Trigg rode rapidly along the buffalo trace on the trail of the enemy. It was a force of picked men, well armed and noted for their skill in the use of the rifle. The morning of the nineteenth, having reached the lower Blue Licks, they discovered a few Indians moving leisurely up the rocky ridge on the north side of the river, three quarters of a mile away. The Kentuckians halted and held a council. Colo- nel Boone, the most experienced Indian fighter among them, when called on for his advice urged delay until they should be joined by the troops under Colonel Logan, who was known to be coming to their assist- ance. All were then aware that the force with which they were confronted was probably superior to their own and the officers in command were ready to accept Boone's views. But the more impetuous were opposed to delay of any sort. They believed that their numbers were but slightly inferior and declared that a fierce attack would so confuse the enemy that their defeat would be assured. The headstrong McGary, still smarting under the taunts of cowardice with which he was shortly before accused by his companions, was out- spoken for an immediate attack, and spurring his horse into the river exclaimed: "Delay is dastardly! Let all who are not cowards follow me, and I will show them the Indians."2 The challenge was accepted and the whole force 'See post, 92. 'Stipp, The Western Miscellany, 92. XliX ILLINOIS HISTORICCAL COLLECTIONS dashed precipitately through the stream. On the farther side, a single line of attack was formed, with Colonel Boone in command on the left, Colonel Trigg on the right and Major McGary in charge of the center. They rode rapidly to within sixty yards of the enemy, where they dismounted, and the battle was begun with a heavy fire from both sides. Neither had the advantage of position, for the ground was favor- able to both and the timber good. The attack by the left wing was so fierce that the Indians were driven back one hundred yards, but the right wing, out- flanked, was forced to give way. The center, attacked from front and rear, was forced back on the left and the whole line quickly broke and fled in greatest con- fusion. The entire action lasted only about five minutes. The retreat became a mad panic as the Kentuckians neared the ford. "He that could remount a horse was well off," wrote Levi Todd, "and he that could not saw no time for delay."' The frontiersmen suffered their greatest losses in crossing the river. Their retreat to the ford was partially intercepted by a force of Indians and many were tomahawked as they swam the stream. Benjamin Netherland was among the first to cross. Accused of cowardice for urging delay before the battle, he assumed command at this critical moment and rallied those who had crossed the river to the pro- tection of their struggling companions. By a vigorous fire they forced the Indians to withdraw far enough to enable the remaining whites to cross in safety. Then 'Colonel Levi Todd to Captain Robert Todd, August 26, 1782. Cal. of Fa. State Papers, 3:334. I INTRODUCTION the flight was resumed and did not cease until the fugi- tives met the force of volunteers under Colonel Logan which was advancing to cooperate in the attack and had reached a spot six miles beyond Bryan's Station. In the battle of the Blue Licks more than one-third of the Kentuckians, about seventy, including Colonels John Todd and Trigg, Major Harlan, and a number of other officers, were killed and some twenty more were captured or badly wounded. The losses of the victors were so slight, a Frenchman and six Indians killed and ten Indians wounded, that they were ready to with- stand a retaliatory stroke and even delayed their re- treat a day in expectation of such an attack. Three days later Colonel Logan, having gathered a force of four hundred and seventy mounted men, marched to the field of battle but the enemy had gone. After bury- ing the dead, Colonel Logan led his troops back to Lexington where they were disbanded. On the second of September the inhabitants of Jefferson County were likewise frightened by the sudden appearance of a band of one hundred Indians. Kincheloe's Station was surprised and thirty-seven of the settlers were captured. The savages escaped, after committing the usual dep- redations. There was general despair in all of the frontier communities after the disaster at the Blue Licks. A similar stroke, it was believed, would not only lead to the destruction of the Kentucky settlements but would bring the savage forces in larger numbers against the more interior counties of Virginia and the Carolinas. On August 26, I782, Andrew Steele, one of the leaders, li iii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS wrote to Governor Harrison, "the Ballance stands upon an Equilibrium k one stroke more will cause it to Preponderate to our Irretrievable Wo, terminate in the Intire Breach of our Country, if your Excel- lency is not concerned In our Immediate safety . . ."' Numbers of young men, as usual in time of great danger, hastened to return to the older settlements. Men with families threatened to leave the country un- less protection should be sent them. Numerous peti- tions to the Governor and legislature of Virginia, de- scribing the general calamity, called for assistance. Others petitioned Congress to be taken under the pro- tection of the general government. Criticism of Clark was widespread for failing to establish other fortified posts in addition to Fort Nelson, which was held to be so far to the west that it offered no protection against the inroads of the enemy. Stirred by these messages, Governor Harrison re- buked Clark for failing to communicate with him for several months and for his neglecting to carry out orders for the establishment of additional posts which would, he said, have prevented such a disaster.2 But Clark held himself blameless for the situation in the West.3 The Falls of the Ohio, he insisted, must first be fortified and the completion of Fort Nelson had, he believed, saved the western country. Despairing of capturing so formidable a post, the enemy had divided his forces and sent one expedition against Wheeling and another to fall on the Kentucky settlements. That 'Andrew Steele to Governor Harrison, August 26, 1782. See post, 97. 2Governor Harrison to Clark, October 17, 2782. See post, 133-135. 'Clark to Harrison, November 30, 2782. See post, x6x-i63. INTRODUCTION these posts had been surprised, he maintained, was due to lack of foresight in not keeping scouting parties constantly employed, as had been ordered. The con- duct of the leaders at the Blue Licks he characterized as "Extreamly Reprihensible," due in large part to an attempt to offset their former neglect of duty.' Plans had been made by Clark to put into operation the com- plete plan for fortifications. After strengthening Fort Nelson, he proposed to construct a fort at the mouth of the Kentucky and another at the mouth of the Lick- ing. County officials refused their assistance in fur- nishing the necessary men and supplies, and his own force, growing smaller each day because of desertions due to the failure to provide them with necessary food and clothing, was too small to garrison the additional posts. Another advance by the enemy which was ex- pected would, Clark asserted, make their labors use- less. Early in September Captain Caldwell was again at the upper Sandusky where he awaited the coming of the expedition from Fort Pitt. Runners were dis- patched to Detroit and to the other posts urging that reinforcements should be sent at once to his relief. At the time, owing to sickness among the rangers, his de- fense was dependent almost wholly upon the Indians. Detroit officials, anticipating that Captain Caldwell would be forced to retreat before so formidable an enemy and that the Shawnee would be unable to with- stand an attack by Clark, prepared a second defense 'Clark to Harrison, October 18, 1782. See post, 135. itii liv ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS which would cover the retreat to Detroit.' As usual, Major De Peyster, overcome with fear at the approach of the enemy, was ready to sacrifice his allies, and wrote Captain McKee as follows: "By the accounts of their force in the present sickly state of the Rangers and the Indians being so much distressed I fear you will be obliged to retreat at least till you are joined by the Miamies. I have sent all the Indians I could muster particularly the Ottawas of the Miami Riv'r . . . You must be sensible that my soldiers are little acquainted with wood fighting and Ill equipped for it withall. I had therefore only ordered them to take post where they can secure the ammunition and pro- visions and support you in case you are obliged to re- treat which I hope will still not be the case."2 During September and October preparations con- tinued for the cooperative campaign in which General Irvine was to advance with twelve hundred men, militia and regulars, against Sandusky, and Clark was to attack the Shawnee stronghold. Nine hundred men were also to be sent against the Genesee towns.3 Ken- tuckians quickly responded to Clark's call for a retali- atory expedition.4 Parched meal, buffalo meat, and venison were quickly collected, but other supplies were gotten together with great difficulty. The credit of the state was worthless and creditors, who had already advanced all of their property, were at the time beseeching Clark to aid them in the adjustment 1De Peyster to Haldimand, September 29, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., i0:649-650. 2De Peyster to McKee, October x, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., 10:651. 'Washington-1rvine Correspondence, 18i-i82. 4Clark to Governor Harrison, October 22, 1782. See post, 140. INTRODUCTION of their claims. His own available resources were ex- hausted. "I have already taken Every step in my power to get the Creditors of the State paid to no Effect . . . " he wrote Oliver Pollock; "If I was worth the money I would most chearfully pay it myself and trust the state, But can assure you with truth I am En- terely Reducd myself by advancing Everything I could Raise, And Except what the state owes me am not worth a Spanish dollar, I wish it was in my power to follow your proposition to step forth save my country from the disgrace that is like to fall on her, If we could point out the means nothing would give me such pleasure, And fully Recompense all the uneasiness I have suffer'd on account of those persons, Many whom I know have advancd all they had on the faith of gov- ernment ... "' He finally exchanged thirty-five hun- dred acres of land for the flour necessary for the expe- dition. By November i the two divisions of Kentucky troops reached the mouth of the Licking, the appoint- ed place of rendezvous. Colonel Floyd, in charge of one division, consisting of regulars from Fort Nelson and militia from the western stations, ascended the Ohio with the artillery, while the other section, com- manded by Colonel Logan, marched from the eastern settlements.2 On the third of November one thou- sand and fifty mounted men with Clark in command set out for Chillicothe, the Shawnee stronghold. Rigid discipline was maintained during the march of six 'October 25, 1782. See post, 144. 'John Floyd to Clark, October x8, 1782. See post, 137-138. IV lvi ILLIN 1S HISTORMICL COLLECTIONS days. A plan of attack had been worked out by Clark in minute detail. Three miles from the town, Colonel Floyd was sent forward with three hundred men to make the attack. But his approach was discovered, and warned by the alarm cry, the inhabitants made good their escape with the loss of ten killed and ten who were taken prisoners. Chillicothe and five other Shawnee towns were burned, and ten thousand bushels of corn and large quantities of provisions were de- stroyed.' Colonel Logan with a detachment of one hundred and fifty men captured the British trading post at the head of the Miami and burned such stores as they were unable to carry away with them. After vainly attempting for four days to bring on a general engagement, Clark returned with his troops to the mouth of the Licking where the divisions again sep- arated. By this blow, Clark had not only saved the frontier settlements from danger of attack, but he had offset the designs of British authorities to bring about a union of the northwestern and southwestern tribes. This plan, closely akin to that of 1781, was well calculated to win the support of the Indians, for it promised the advance of a large force from Detroit, against Fort Pitt, the capture in succession of that post, Fort Nel- son, and the other Kentucky posts, and the retaking of the Illinois country. In this manner Kentuckians, it was said, would be driven across the mountains and "then the other Inhabitants into the Sea- 2 Clark 'Clark to Irvine, November x3, 1782. See post, 152-153. 'Clark to the Western Commissioners, February 25, 1783. See post, 204. INTRODUCTION lvii had extended the radius of menace towards Detroit and had thrown the enemy into utmost confusion. The Indians were panic stricken at this evidence of strength. Their winter supplies were destroyed and the policy of retrenchment on the part of British officials due, in part, to the high prices fixed by monopolies, cut down the quantities of Indian presents.' In fact, further de- mands by the Indians for protection from Detroit were denied. So effectively had Clark carried out his policy of intimidating the Indians that, as stated by Boone: "the spirits of the Indians were damped, their connexions dissolved, their armies scattered a future invasion [was] entirely out of their power."' This testimony was corroborated by British officials, one of them declaring, "I am endeavoring to assemble the Indians, but find I shall not be able to collect a number sufficient to oppose them, the chiefs are now met here upon that business who desire me to inform you of their Situation requesting you will communicate it by the inclosed strings to their Brethren the Lake Indians, without speedy assistance they must be drove off from their country, the Enemy being too powerful for them. "3 Sickness still thinned the ranks of the rangers; regular soldiers, it was claimed, were not suitable nor 'Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., 11:320-321. "I flatter myself, that the King's Ministers, must be convinced of my attention to Diminish the Public Expense, . . . I have now to acquaint you Sir, that a Spirit of Monopoly, pervaded, this Province, a Combination has been made Succeeded, in Engrossing, into a few hands, the Rum, Brandy other Spirituous, Liquors, which have been imported, . . ." 'Testimony of Daniel Boone before a Committee of Investigation, De- cember 20, 1787. In "Answers of John Pierce to the seventeen questions submitted August lo, 1787," Bureau of Indexes and Archives, Department of State. 'McKee to De Peyster, November 15, 1782. Haldimand Papers, series B., 123:336. Iviii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS were they equipped for a winter campaign. "The ad- vanced season, and the sickness which prevails amongst the few Rangers at this Post," Major De Peyster wrote, "prevents my doing any thing Essential for the relief of the Indian Villages, it is therefore to be hoped that when the Enemy have done all the mischief possible they will retire."' He was aware that the road to Detroit was open and he fully expected an attack would be made by the Americans in the spring.2 In- dian leaders were again ordered to act solely on the defensive. In demanding reinforcements, De Peyster declared: "Light troops are therefore what we want, and believe me there will be amusement for a good number of them the ensuing campaign without acting on the offensive."3 Messengers sent by General Irvine had informed Clark that the expedition against Sandusky was assured.! But as they were about to set out from Fort McIntosh, the place of rendezvous, letters were re- ceived from the continental secretary of war counter- manding the order for the expedition.5 Washington had been assured, on British authority, that all hostili- ties were suspended and that the savages were to com- mit no further depredations. Reports were still sent out by Irvine that he was about to march with a large 'De Peyster to Haldimand, November 21, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hift. Coils., II :322. 'McKee to De Peyster, November 15, 1782. "Whatever their Intentions may be, the Road I am afraid will be open for them to Detroit." Haldi- mand Papers, Series B, 123:336. 'De Peyster to Brigadier General Maclean, November 21, 1782. Mich. Pion. and Hiut. Colls., 11:321. 4The Wyandot center. This message was received by Clark Novem- ber 2. Washington-Irvine Correspondence, 398. 'See post, 149. INTRODUCTION force toward Sandusky. These were well calculated to deceive the Wyandot and prevent their coopera- tion with the Shawnee against Clark.' With the return of Clark's victorious troops, the feeling of confidence among Kentuckians was restored. Their numbers had been perceptibly increased during the summer months by the coming of large numbers of immigrants. That Kentucky was the land of promise is well shown in a letter of James Monroe. At the time he was a member of the Virginia council, but evident- ly contemplated removal to the West.2 He expressed his admiration for the spirit of enterprise which had been manifested by Kentuckians and inquired specif- ically about the increase of settlements and their ability to protect themselves, the progress of society, the re- sources of the country in products and trade relations, and the prospect for setting up an independent gov- ernment. Settlers with land warrants crowded the offices of the surveyors. So keen was the rivalry to secure choice locations of land that the commissioners sent by Virginia to adjust the military accounts were, with difficulty, able to secure attendance upon their meetings.' Clark took up at once with the commissioners the problem of establishing forts, for the letters from Governor Harrison specified that the original plan should be carried out. But obstacles were still in- 'Washington-lrvine Correspondence, 400-401. 'Confidential letter to Clark, June 26, 1782. See post, 68-69. 'Executive Papers, Virginia State Archives, Lincoln County, December 23, 1782. See Post, 300. Meetings of the three commissioners were held at Harrodsburg and Lexington prior to December 23. Messengers were sent to Kaskaskia and Vincennes demanding that creditors and officers appear before them at Louisville. EiX lx ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS superable. By disposing of some of his own lands, the credit of the state being worthless, Clark had supplied the necessary stores at Fort Nelson.' Herds of buffalo were exterminated or had retreated so far beyond the settlements that the expense of hunting them was pro- hibitory.2 A specific tax was in force in Fayette County alone. Men were not available for the performance of garrison duties and the artillery was inadequate. As Clark expressed it: "there is not a sufficiency of Can- non, for a Block hous, instead of Mounting four or five Forts . . . "3 It was not difficult for the commissioners, when confronted by actual conditions, to understand how utterly futile would be the attempt to enforce the instructions of the Governor. Steps had to be taken, however, to protect immi- grants who should enter the country by the Ohio and through Cumberland Gap and also insure safety to the river trade. Fort Nelson, the commissioners agreed, served as a shield to trade and protected the inhabitants of Jefferson County.4 Three of the commissioners favored the establishment of a post at the mouth of the Kentucky. The mouth of the Limestone was advocated by the fourth commissioner as a suitable site for a fort which would afford protection to Fayette County and at the same time would induce immigrants to locate between the Ohio and the settlements already estab- lished.5 'Clark to Benjamin Harrison, November 30, 1782. See post, x64. 'Clark to the Western Commissioners, December 15, 1782. See post, i68. 'Clark to William Davies, January I, 1783. See post, I77. 'Western Commissioners to Governor Harrison on March 9, 1783. See post, 2x6-217. 'The mouths of the Licking and Limestone were opposed by the three commissioners because the sites were so far up the river that it would be impracticable to supply them with provisions. INTRODUCTION Combatant and noncombatant alike at Detroit and all of the Kentucky settlements awaited the passing of winter with anxious foreboding. British officials fully expected the coming of the Americans at the earliest possible date with the design of extending their fron- tiers in the Northwest as far as possible and thus in the event of peace to get control of the fur trade.' Clark's threats to march against the other enemy Indians as he had against the Shawnee kept the tribes in continual turmoil. They were already restive under the re- straints of British leaders and looked upon the policy of retrenchment in supplying them with presents as a step towards their complete abandonment to the con- querors.2 Clark likewise beheld the coming of spring with apprehension. Messengers were dispatched to the Chickasaw and Creek nations to induce them to enter into treaty relations and to secure their lands which would naturally come within the Virginia boundaries if they could be acquired, as advocated by Clark, at moderate rates.3 Although he was confident that no formidable Indian advance was probable before fall, Clark appealed to the commissioners to assist him in strengthening the defenses against Indian hostilities which still occurred from time to time. Again he urged the importance of Fort Nelson as the key to the country. As a protection to the eastern Kentucky set- 'Haldimand to De Peyster, March 12, 1783. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Cols., 11:351. 'De Peyster to Haldimand, January 7, 1783. Mich. Pion. and Hist. Colls., II :336. 'December 19, 1782. See post, 170-171. Virginia in this manner was to establish her right to charter boundaries and counteract the claims set up by some of the states of sovereignty by purchase. lxi lxii ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS tlements he again advised the construction of one or more garrisons farther up the river. To complete his plan for foiling the enemy, he urged the mustering in of fifteen hundred troops who were to march against the Indian stronghold at the head of the Wabash. In this way he proposed to convince the Indians that their very existence depended upon peace with the Americans. A garrison of regular troops was to be stationed at Vincennes with supplies adequate to equip a force which might be brought together at any time for the purpose of convincing the Indians "that they were in- ferior to us, that the British assertions of our weakness was false, and that we could at all times penetrate into their Country at Pleasure . . . ' No further effort was made to carry out these plans, for by the middle of April the official announcement of the signing of the peace preliminaries at Paris and the cessation of hostilities had been sent to the frontier settlements. The proclamation of a general peace soon followed.2 By the terms of the definitive treaty of peace, con- cluded at Paris, September 3, 1783, the Old Northwest was ceded to the United States. No reference is made in the diplomatic papers to the conquest of Clark as a factor in reaching a final agreement. The question has been a mooted one therefore, as to how far Clark was in military control of this territory and two views have been advanced. One of these is fairly presented in a 'Clark to the Western Commissioners, February 25, 1783. See post, 2o6. 'Preliminary articles were signed at Paris, November 30, 1782. Harri- son to Clark, April 9, 1783. See post, 22i. The cessation of hostilities was agreed to at Versailles, January 2o, 1783. Some five hundred prisoners were released by the Detroit authorities. INTRODUCTION letter of Governor Benjamin Harrison to Clark (July 2, 1783) in which he states that since an offensive war against the Northwestern Indians has been given up that Clark's services in that region will no longer be necessary. But, he concludes, "before I take leave of you I feel myself called on in the most forciable Man- ner to return you my Thanks and those of my Council for the very great and singular services you have rend- ered your Country, in wresting so great and valuable a Teritory out of the Hands of the British Enemy, re- pelling the attacks of their Savage Allies and carrying on successful war in the Heart of their Country ."1 John Pierce, representing the United States, as one of the three commissioners appointed to adjust the claims of Virginia for debts contracted in carrying on the Revolution in the West, maintained that Clark by leaving the country with his force had relinquished the defense of it, as he could not be said to have "de- fended a country beyond him, in which he retain'd no garrison from which he was at such a distance as to afford no immediate assistance." 2 In the main, historians who have discussed the prob- lem have advanced similar views and the two following statements may be taken as illustrative. "Clark would have pushed on to capture Detroit also, but want of sufficient reinforcements compelled him to be content with holding Vincennes, Cahokia, and Kaskaskia. These posts, however, were sufficient to insure the American hold upon the Northwest, until, in the peace 'Harrison to Clark, July 2, 1783. See Post, 245-246. "'Answers of John Pierce to the seventeen questions submitted August IO, 1787," Bureau of Indexes and Archives, Department of State. 1I.. lxiv ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS negotiations of 1782, the military prowess of Clark was followed up by the diplomatic triumph of Jay."' The other is as follows: "The summer of 1779 marked the zenith of Virginia's power north of the Ohio; from that date there was steady decline. ... For a year more there were a score of soldiers in those posts, acting as scouts; but even these were recalled in the following winter, and the villages were left to shift for themselves. . .. Virginia had really only weak- ened the hold of the mother country on a small corner of the disputed territory . .2 The fact that Clark concentrated his available force below the Ohio after 1779 does not demonstrate that he relinquished the defense of the Northwest. His own testimony points the opposite conclusion for he wrote: "I see but the one probable Method of Mlaintang our Authority in the Illinois which is this by Amediately Evacuating our present posts and let our whole force Center at or near the Mouth of Ohio . If Clark's position at the close of the cam- paign against the Shawnee is considered, a more satis- factory interpretation of the influence of his efforts be- comes evident. We have seen that this stroke marked the final aggressive movement in his offensive-defensive policy. It demonstrated the wisdom he displayed in selecting Fort Nelson as a base for such operations. At no time were the British prepared to reduce this post although they were well aware it constituted the 'C. H. Van Tyne, The American Revolution, 284. 'C. W. Alvord, "Virginia and the West: An Interpretation," Missis- sippi Palley Historical Revie'w, 3 :34. 'He refers here to the construction of Fort Jefferson but the same view obtained relative to Fort Nelson. Clark to John Todd, Jr., March, 1780. Clark Papers, 405. INTRODUCTION key between the East and the Illinois country, that it dominated the western trade, and was the center for operations against Detroit. From this base, it was possible for Clark to reach Vincennes or Kaskaskia in a much shorter time than it could have been accom- plished by the British from Detroit; and Clark's in- formation of advances by the enemy was always early.' Moreover, the warriors of the tribes on the Scioto and the Miami, especially the Shawnee, "the first in at a battle, the last at a treaty," chief depend- ence of the British, could not be induced to engage in any expedition which would leave their villages ex- posed to attack by an enemy so readily brought against them. These facts must have been patent to the nego- tiators of the peace terms and served, no doubt, to con- firm Lord Shelburne in his decision to yield the North- west to the United States. 'Answers of Thomas Marshall and James Knox to questions of the commissioners to adjust the claims of Virginia against the United States, December 8, 1789. Bureau of Indexes and Archives. ]xv This page in the original text is blank. DOCUMENTS This page in the original text is blank. CHAPTER I CRITICAL CONDITIONS IN THE WEST, OCTOBER 6, 1781 -MARCH 5, 1782 EVIDENCE OF DANGER AND SUGGESTIONS FOR DEFENSE-NEWS OF THE SUR- RENDER OF CORNWALLIS-NECESSITY FOR AN OFFENSIVE OPERATION AGAINST DETROIT-VIRGINIA FINANCES-COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF WESTERN ACCOUNTS-RISE OF LAND VALUES. JOHN FLOYD' TO THOMAS NELSON,2 October 6, 178i [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.]' JEFFERSON 6th October 178I SIR As an Officer to whom the People of this County look for pro- tection as far as the Militia Law puts it in my power; I take the liberty of mentioning to your Excellency a short statement of the de- John Floyd was appointed colonel of the militia of Jefferson County, Kentucky, by Governor Thomas Jefferson, January, 178z. He served under Clark in the expedition against the Shawnee in 1780. In recommending his appointment, Clark described Floyd as "a Soldier, Gentleman, and a scholar whom the Inhabitants, from his actions have the greatest confidence in." As a member of the Council of War (September 6, 1781) he favored an ex- pedition against the Shawnee during the fall of that year. He rendered noteworthy service in the protection of the settlements from Indian raids and finally met his death at the hands of the Indians April 12, 1783. James, George Rogers Clark Papers (I. H. C., 8), 500. 2 Thomas Nelson, Jr., a signer of the Declaration of Independence, was born in Yorktown, Virginia, December 26, 1738. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 176i; and in 1774 when it was dissolved by Lord Dunmore he was one of the eighty-nine members who protested this violation of their rights. He was a member of the convention that met in Williamsburg August I, 1774, and that of March, x775, and was appointed colonel of the Second Virginia Regiment by the convention in July, 1775. He resigned his commission as colonel on his election to the Continental Congress in 1775, where he served until 1777, resigning then because of illness. In August, 1777 he was appointed commander of the Virginia state forces. He returned to Congress for a few months in 1779 but again was forced to resign. He was elected governor of Virgini4 June 12, 178i, com- manded the Virginia militia at the siege of Yorktown, and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis. Upon his retirement from the governorship November 30, 178i he was accused of maladministration for assuming dic- tatorial powers during his term of office, but he was exonerated by the state legislature. He spent the remainder of his life in retirement, and died in Hanover County, Virginia, January 4, 1789. 'This letter is printed with some variations in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 2:529-531. 2 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS plorable situation under which we at present Labour on account of the Savage War: amd which unless we are enabled by Governmt to take some offensive measures against them early next Spring, or have some reinforcements, will be the inevitable destruction of this Country. On account of the unsettled and dispersed situation of the Inhabitants it is out of my power to send you an exact Return of the Number of Militia in this County, but by the last returns made me by the Captains we had 327 including Officers, and I believe at this time we have about 300, and near one third of these are preparing to go into the Interior parts of the State and many others would follow the Example but are unable to remove by Land having lost most of their Horses already by the Savages; the Ohio runs the wrong way. The Frontier of this County along the Ohio River is 277 Miles by computation, and the Inhabitants greatly dispersed cooped up in small Forts without any Ammunition. Eighty four of the In- habitants of this County have been killed Captured since last spring many more wounded. We are now so weakened in the most exposed parts of the County, by having so many Men killed others removing to Lincoln for safety, that when any murder is done we can not pursue the Enemy without leaving the little Garri- sons quite defenceless. The most distressed Widows Orphans perhaps in the world make up a great part of our Inhabitants. I expect I need not mention to you that the Regular Troops who have hitherto kept this Country from destruction must mostly be discharged this Fall Winter, having served out the time for which they were engaged. A great deal more might be said concerning the dangerous situa- tion of these Counties, but I have no- been informed whether Gov- ernment think it absolutely necessary for the advantage of the Com- munity at large to defend this Country at so considerable an Expence as must be incurred thereby: and I therefore beg leave to offer your Excellency one or two reasons why it may be of advantage to defend the Kentucky Country. It is now beyond a doubt that the attention of at least 6ooo Savage Warriors is fixed on this spot and who will not disturb any other part of the Continent as long as we maintain our Ground. FLOYD TO NELSON, OCTOBER 6, 1781 But on the contrary as soon as this Country is laid waste they will immediately fall on the Inhabitants of Washington, Montgomery, and Greenbrier P in short from South Carolina to Pennsylvania. I believe all the Counties on the west side the blue Ridge were kept for many years penned up in Forts by the Shawaneese, Mingoes, Delawares, a few of their Adherents; if so what will be the con- sequence when at least fifteen powerful Nations are united and combined with those above mentioned against about twelve hundred Militia dispersed over three very extensive Counties. Those Na- tions have absolutely been hitherto kept off your back Settlements by the Inhabitants of Kentucky. Two or three thousand Men in this Country would be suffi- cient to defend it, and effectually secure the back settlements on New River its Waters as well as those high up James River Roan Oke; but if this Country must brake up perhaps twice that num- ber will hardly be sufficient to secure so long Extensive a frontier -Other advantages might arise from carrying an Expedition over the Ohio, besides securing the friendship of many Tribes of Indians who are as yet kept in suspence, and even some of those who have already taken up the Tomahawk against us, are still wavering; but this will not be the case another season. My own knowledge of the danger which this country is, will next spring be exposed to, has induced me to take the liberty of ad- dressing your Excellency on that subject, which I hope you will excuse. I have the honour to be your Excellencys most obdt and very hble Servt JN FLOYD (To His EXCELLENCY THOMAS NELSON, Esq. Gov. of Va.) 3 4 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS GEORGE ROGERS CLARK TO THOMAS NELSON, October 6, 1781 [Illinois Regiment Commissioners Report, 1834, p. 71. Va. State Archives.] FORT NELSON 6th) October 1781. SIR On receiving information of a Bill by Capt. Robt. George of Fort Jefferson' of Mr Philip Barbour of N. Orleans to an amazing amount I examined Capt George and others on the Subject and find the Case to stand thus. Mr Barbour arrived at that post at a time it was in distress, with a considerable Cargoe, offering it to them, and to take a Bill on the State for payment, finding no other means of certain relief Capt George agreed to take it on three Per- sons fixing the rate of exchange, which as appears by the enclosed they did at fifteen for one supposing the acct to be paid in Virginia paper Currency (and that to be about the rate of exchange) Mr Barbour agreed to take it and those Gentlemen not being acquainted with the Nature of Bills, Mr Barbour contrived to get one drawn for Gold or silver for the whole amount, also a Letter of Advice to the same purpose drawn on Mr Pollock2, consequently supposed He secured to himself fifteen times the sum He asked for His Cargoe - it appears to me that it was a scheeme between Messrs Pollock Bar- bour before Barbour left orleans, as pr the enclosed copy that acci- dentally fell into my hands, the original I have it being a cover to one set of the Bills he left for fear of an accident happening to him- self-observe what he says to Mr Pollock alluding to what they formerly spoke of - I understand they have already demanded pay- ment -I think it wou'd be well to pay the exact sum, in paper 1 Fort Jefferson was located five miles below the mouth of the Ohio River at a spot called "The Iron Banks." For the establishment of this post, see Clark Papers, cxxi-cxxiv. At the close of the year 1780 when the soldiers and inhabitants of the post were in great distress, Captain Philip Barbour sold a cargo of goods to Captain Robert George (see post, 77, note I), then in command at Fort Jefferson. See Clark Papers, 496-497. 2 For the influence of Oliver Pollock see Clark Papers, xcvi-xcix. Oliver Pollock wrote Captain George April 2, 1782: "I am very happy to find that the Supplies furnished your Post by Mr. Philip Barbour has been of so much Service particularly in turning your neighbouring Savages firm Friends which formerly held out the Hatchet against us. Notwithstanding this I think you paid too high for those Goods." Letters and Papers of Oliver Pollock, No. 5o, Folio 136, Library of Congress. Pollock paid Bar- bour 32,500 on this account. In the adjustment of the revolutionary accounts this claim of Pollock's against the state of Virginia was held for investigation. It was finally allowed. Draper MSS., 52J72. TODD AND LOGAN TO CLARK, OCTOBER 31, 1781 5 dollars at they now rate it's what they deserve if those suppositions should be true which there is the greatest probability of. I make no doubt Pollock has Barbours receipt for the Payment of that number of Hard Dollars, but their premeditated Fraud if so (otherwise I ask their pardons) by no means excuses Capt George, as soon as the Auditors arrive he must acct. for this Cargoe, -if they have demanded the whole sum in Gold or Silver the conjectures in this Letter are certainly true. I am with respect, Sir, Yr very obt most humble Servt G R CLARKE His EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA A Copy from the original in the Council Chamber- WM TOTHAM Clerk Council JOHN TODD, JR.,' AND BENJAMIN LOGAN2 TO CLARK, October 13, I78I [Draper MSS., 5IJ93.-A. L. S.] ST. ASAPH 13th Oct. 178I. SIR We reck your Letters relative to the proposed Garrison at the Mouth of Kentucky though we were at the Council' so much more Anxious than the Rest in erecting this Garrison yet the frequent Changes in the Plan then proposed (every Alteration more mole oppressive upon the Militia of these two Counties) induce us to alter our Sentiments send you our Reasons not doubting but when you know them you'll be of same Sentiments. ' John Todd, Jr., as county lieutenant and colonel of militia for Fayette County, was one of the most prominent leaders in the West at that time. See Clark Papers, xcix if.; Alvord, Cahokia Records (I. H. C., 2), liii ff. ' Benjamin Logan was at this time county lieutenant and colonel of militia in Lincoln County. After serving as a lieutenant in Dunmore's War, in 1775 he removed to Kentucky and was one of the founders of Logan's Station. Upon the organization of Kentucky County (I777) he was appointed one of the three justices of the peace and one of the four captains, Clark serving as major. In Clark's expedition against the Shawnee (3780), Colonel Logan was second in command. Shortly after the battle of the Blue Licks (1782) he led a force of 470 mounted men on a retaliatory expedition but the Indians had escaped. See index, Clark Papers. 3This council was held at Louisville, September 7, 178i. For a discus- sion of the problems, see Clark Papers, clxiii ff. 6 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS We expected those Expectations were founded upon the In- tentions of the Assembly that the new fortifications wO be built garrisoned if not wholly at least principelly by the Regulars. The Assistance you required we are quite ready to give but we have no Intrenching Tools our Militia are still very thin what few there are will be much Busied in securing their Crops till some time in November Beside we have some disagreeable News relative to the unfriendly disposition of the Cherokees expectation of Hos- tilities either against the Southern Settlements of this County or Cumberland from the Chickamogies joined by 6o Creeks not to mention the exposcd parts of Fayette which may of Course expect a visit this fall from the Shawanese Upon the whole as Jefferson County must be excused from their part of the Fatigue of building defending the new Garrison as it is solely intended for our Defence on Calculating the Cost we conclude that we are willing to foregoe the many advantages which wO attend it for this Season and think it better to defend ourselves near home We therefore upon full consultation mature deliber- ation recommend to you that the Design be dropped untill we can learn the will of the Assembly now sitting. The Result of their Determination shall be communicated to you as soon as known We will use our Endeavours to forward the provisions in Fay- ette to you but expect it to be recA at Lees Town or somewhere on Kentucky. We have the Honor to be Sir Your Obedient Hble Servants JNO TODD jr BENJAMIN LOGAN Addressed: Public Service The Honble Genl Geo Rogers Clark at Fort Nelson pr Express Endorsed. Col Tod 13tb Oct 178i Reco 30th CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, OCTOBER 13,1781 JOHN CRITTENDEN1 TO CLARK, October 13, 178i [Draper MSS., 5xJ94.-A. L. S.] HARRODSBURG Octobr 13th 178i. SIR,- From my Indisposition, The Inclement weather, and other un- fortunate Contingencies, have not been able to leave this place untill To day. My horses have not been able to get shod as yet, but have great Reason to Expect to accomplish it at Clarks Station on this days Journey when Shall be in Compleat fix to Expedite my Journey I am sorry to Inform you that fear it will not be in my power by Express to give you advices of my arrival to the settlement in Eighteen days agreeable to Instructions Therefore should be Happy in order to save you trouble, and the publick Expence, in Dispatch- ing a second, That you would augment the time to twenty four days. As you will act on a Certainty in the Case Resting perfectly assurd if in my power it will be accomplishd in first Limitation Mly Health is much Repaird, No Company but Capt Rogers The Doctor myself. Great news from below if true (Cornwal- lace Totally defeated and found among the dead on the field I am your Devoted Humble Servt JOHN CRITTENDEN Addressed: On publick service The Honourable Gen! G. R. Clark Louisville ' Major John Crittenden was a member of the Virginia Convention (1776) from West Fincastle County. At the outbreak of the Revolution, he was made a lieutenant in one of the Virginia regiments of the Continental army and then major of the Virginia State Line. After the war he came to Kentucky and in 1784 was elected to represent Fayette County in the Virginia House of Burgesses. 7 8 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JOHN TODD, JR., TO THOMAS NELSON, October 2I, 1781 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.]' LEXINGTON 21st October 178I MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY I expect you will long before this reaches you have an Acct of our proceedings in this Country by Letters from Gen' Clark sent by Majr Crittenden. After so much assistance given to our Coun- try by Government to enable us to act either offensively or defen- sively; after so much money expended upon the Western Frontiers I feel desirous anxious to remove any Censures that our little Coun- try may possibly labour under in the opinion of your Excellency the World. I do not pretend to know to whom the Failure in the intended Expedition is owing but the Officers men of these Coun- ties have persevered in rendering all possible assistance By Letters from your Excellencys predecessor we were led to expect an early Expedition 500 Men with Canoes c were required from these Counties to be at the Falls by March last The men required were drafted set apart for the Expedition the Canoes chiefly made during the Course of the Spring Summer the Drafts necessarily decreased. At a Meeting of the Field Officers at Louis- ville summoned on General Clarks arrival the Beginning of Sep- tember we found the Strength of the three Counties to amount to only 760 Men We offered the General two thirds of them if he chose to go on an Expedition but eather advised him to proceed in garrisoning the Ohio upwards agreeably to a Recommendation of the Assembly, or At least to attempt nothing more than a small Expedition up the Mimami it was our Opinion that if but one Garrison shO be built it shd be at the Mouth of Kentucky as the most valuable post if there shO afterwards be troops to spare another should be at the Mouth of Licking, Opposite the big Mimami, at Laurences Creek or Limestone Run: but we seemed unanimous that the Mouth of Kentucky in a War with the Western Lake Indians was a post of the utmost Consequence. The Sentiments of General Clark were different from ours in this Respect He imagined the 'Printed with some variations in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 2:562-564. TODD TO NELSON, OCTOBER 21,1781 Falls to be a post of the first Importance being, as he always ex- pressed it, the Key of the Country. As I wish to see military Service always properly husbanded I beg leave to offer a few reasons to your Excellency to shew that keeping our principal post at the Falls is injudiciously wasting of our strength ist the Situation of the Mouth of Kentucky is more in the Road of the Enemy in their War Excursions to any part of this Country than any part of the Ohio below that place, a few Settle- ments in Jefferson County only excepted, 2ndly-The River Kentucky wd afford a cheap and ready trans- portation of provisions which so abound in the upper Settlements where as if the main army staid at the Falls an Outpost at the mouth of Kentucky wO be always kept close in Garrison being in con- tinual Terror could afferd no protection towards transporting the provisions rather be a Trap for the exposed watermen. 3rdly. The Mouth of Kentucky must be much healthier than the Falls, being free from the Stagnated pools which overspread the flat Lands near the Falls which every year kill or incapacitate for Service greet numbers of our Soldiers To say that the Falls is the Key to this Country seems to me unintelligible. It is a strong Rapid which may in an Age of Com- merce be a considerable obstruction to the navigator but as we have no Trade we neither need nor have any Keys to Trade. If it be understood in a military sense I think it a mistaken appellation as the enemy can do pass with as little molestation just above the Falls' as they would on any other part of the River On parting with General Clark we expected to furnish assist- ance in building the Garrison at the Mouth of Kentucky from the Militia but expected to be built principally by the Regulars wholly garrisoned by them since which a Requisition has come to Col. Logan and myself to furnish Tools build the Garrison and after wards defend by it Men drawn from the Body of our Militia untill he shO Have Leisure to relieve them which we are satisfied wO not happen in any short time 1 The version printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers has " just below the Falls," inserted at this point. 9 o0 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS On consulting with Col Logan we concluded to defer building the Garrison because we had no intrenching Tools, no professed Engineer, no money we conceived it to belong to men who draw constant pay to garrison it. The Result of our Consultation we sent to the General with a promise to lay the matter before your Excellency or the Gen! Assembly. If the State had no Troops on pay we should have no cause to remonstrate but when they have Troops, those Troops kept in the more interior secure posts; when so much has already been expended; to augment the Expence by putting the Militia on duty at a place distant from 6o to 120 Miles from home we concieve to be impolitick contrary to the Opinion of your Excellency to whom we submit the Matter. A Recommendation for Justices will be handed your Excellency by our Delegates Also for several Militia Officers If it is not in- consistent with the practice I wuld wish for a few Blank Commis- sions to be sent to the Court. Owing to so great a distance from the seat of Government our Officers loose generally half a year in the date of their Commissions I have the Honor to be with the greatest Respect Your Excel- lencys Most Obedt very humble Servt JNO TODD JR JOHN CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, October 22, 1781 [Draper MSS., 51J95.-A. L. S.] Fifteen Minutes after One Oclock 22d Octobr 1781. five miles East of the Block House D GENL I am arivd in perfect Safety to the Settlements. Have met with a favourable Opportunity by Mr Brackett Oings [Owens] whom will be Considerd as an Express (and payd as such) to ac- quaint you therewith. I am bound To Cole Shelby's to night where shall be Supply'd I hope with fresh Horses and push for Richmond Tomorrow. The news is That Lord Cornwallace occupies york Town and Glouester and is Certainly Surrounded by Gen' Wash- ingtons Superiour force, so that his fate is Inevitable I am Sir with Respect Your Obedt Servt JOHN CRITTENDEN CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, OCTOBER 27, 1781 II JOHN CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, October 27, 178I [Draper MSS., 5zJq6.-A. L. S.] COLO ARTHUR CAMPBELLS 27th Octobr 178i.1 SIR -I am this Inst Informd by Cola Martain Superintendant of Indian affairs2 in this Quarter That some time in the first of Sep- tember near Five Hundred Creek Indians in different parties did set out for the falls of Ohio, Of which he advertisd the Inhabitants of the Kantucky at large by a favourable Opportunity. Not know- ing you were in that Quarter which he suspects has faild from my not having heard of it. Various are the Reports Relative to Cornwallace, However it is Reducd to a Certainty that his fate is Inevitable his Excellency Genl Washington with I3,ooo Regulars and upwards of Seven Thousand Malitia having besiegd him for a Considerable time in Conjunction with a fleet consisting of thirty Eight ships of the french line and sixteen Frigates. My knee is nearly as bad as Ever. The Governor is at Camp Commands as Majr Gen' over the Malitia, you will therefore neces- sarily Expect to prolong the time I am with perfect Esteem Your Obedt Servt JOHN CRITTENDEN Addressed: On publick Service The Honourable Brigr Gen' G. Rogers Clark Falls of Ohio ' Arthur Campbell's was near the site of Marion, Virginia. Colonel Arthur Campbell was one of the leaders of southwestern Virginia. He served in the Virginia assembly for one year (1775). The following year he was chosen county lieutenant for Washington County, Virginia, and continued in this office for more than thirty years. He was the leader of the force against the Cherokee in 1780, and the next year joined Sevier in the erection of the proposed State of Franklin. Because of this interest, he was removed from office by Governor Patrick Henry but was reinstated by the legislature and received the endorsement of the people. He later joined his sons in Kentucky. See Clark Papers, clxvii, note I, 224, 424-425, 595-596. 2 Colonel Joseph Martin was appointed Indian agent in 1777 and for a number of years performed the duties of that office while living at Long Island on the Hudson River. Prior to this time, he had been well known as a hunter and explorer and in 2769 he founded a station in Powell's Valley. He served on numerous occasions as commissioner for making treaties with the Indians and locating forts. Resigning his office in 1789, he returned to Virginia where, as a member of the legislature, he assisted James Madison in the preparation of the Resolutions of 2798. See Clark Papers, cxlii, note I, 385. 12 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JONATHAN CLARK1 TO CLARK, November 8, 178l [Draper MSS., 51J98.-A. L. S.] CAROLINE, Nov. 8, 178I. D' SIR Captain Rogers2 is now here, by whom I flatter'd my self with hopes of the pleasure of having a letter from you, but am disap- pointed. However am happy in hearing of your being well, and that Richard3 is in good health is a very agreeable circumstance. This letter I expect will be deliverd you by Major Crittenden, who I hear is at Richmond with letters from you to the Governor I wish he may get your business done to your satisfaction. The Assembly was to meet on monday last, much seems to be expected from them, I wish they may have it in their power to do any thing of consequence. The paper money is now at about one thousand for one- That Lord Cornwallis and the army under his command are capture'd, is a pleasing fact, I have not yet had the particulars, or would have sent them you, but expect you'l receive them together with the particulars of the action to the southward of the tenth twelfth of September last, in which General Green prov'd success- full, by Major Crittenden-in that action our friend Lt Colonel Campbell fell, his loss is very much regreated I have heard of no other of your acquaintance who fell- Your letter to the old Gentleman4 gave him and the family much Jonathan Clark was the oldest brother of George Rogers Clark. He served as captain in a Virginia regiment at Brandywine and Germantown and was later promoted first to the rank of major and then to that of lieutenant colonel. In I8o2 he settled near Louisville, Kentucky. 2 Captain John Rogers was the second son of George Rogers and was a cousin of George Rogers Clark. He served as a lieutenant under Clark in the Illinois campaign and accompanied him on the expedition against Vincennes. Together with Captain Montgomery, he was given charge of Governor Hamilton and the other prisoners who were sent to Virginia. Governor Jefferson commissioned him captain of cavalry and he served in that capacity in the West until the close of the war. ' Richard Clark was a younger brother of George Rogers Clark. During the spring of 1779 he went to the Illinois country where he took part in a number of expeditions against the Indians. He was with his brother in a campaign against the Shawnee and he also took part in other western expeditions. He lost his life in 1784 while traveling alone through the Indian country. 4John Clark-"the old Gentleman"-was Clark's father. CRAIG TO CLARK, NOVEMBER 14, 1781 pleasure, they all desire you'l accept of their love affection well wishes W c he says he has nothing material to inform you of, except that he and the family are all very well, and as he is no scribe he hopes you will excuse his not writing to you, he wishes to know whether Captain Bayley has been paid for the land he had of him or not, Mr Randolph received the money and made himself liable for the pay- ment, and he is sorry to hear the money is not paid -but perhaps it may be a mistake and the money may be paid. Mr Gwathmey and family (his wife excepted) are very well,' she has been very unwell for sometime, our relation Mr Achilles Redd is lately dead, the rest of the neighbours are generally well, please accept my sincere well wishes which I also desire to my brother Richard from whom I should have been very happy in a letter I am with every degree of respect and esteem Yr Aff. Brother JONAN CLARK MB JOHN CLARK'S CAROLINE Nov. 8. 1781 P. S. The old Gentleman does not wish any thing to be said to Mr Randolph about the land provided Capt Bailey looks to him for the money, in that case it would not amiss if the note Mr Rogers gave was taken in, however you are to act in the matter as you think best. J. C. B. GEN" CLARK. Endorsed: Gen! Jon a Clark. JOHN CRAIG TO CLARK, November I4, 178i [Draper MSS., VIJ99.-A. L. S.] END OF LONG REACH 14th Novmr 1781 DEAR GENERAL I am Happy in this Opportunity of informing you I am thus far without being Molested by the Enemy, but my men are almost Killed with Fatigued and have been on Short allow- ence of Flour 12 days and often Several days without Beef. I have therefore (in Order to Enable Encourrage them to Persevere to the End) Contracted with and Received 25 Galleons of Wiskey of 'Owen Gwathmey was the husband of Ann Clark, the eldest sister of George Rogers Clark. 13 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS John Waller for which I have made Bold to Draw an Order on you and your Honouring it will Infinitely Oblige me M[ay] I Con- gratulate you on the Surrender of Lord Cornwallis to his Excellency the the Commander in Chief its said the British Army Consists of 8ooo British 3000 New Levies and 2000 Armed Negroes and a large Train of Artillery ioo sail of Transports the Bearer will further inform you I am Dear General with Much Esteem Your Obedt Hmbl Servt J CRAIG GENERAL CLARKE Excuse my cold fingers I have left the Price of the Wiskey to be Determined by the Publick sale at the Falls ROBERT TODD' TO THOMAS NELSON, December II, 1781 [Executive Papers, 1781, Va. State Archives.] ' RICHMOND Decr II I781 MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY As my being an Officer in Clarke Reg' paymaster of late it becomes a part of my duty to represent the wretched situation of the few troops remaining Westward Many of them have been in the service for two years past and have never received a Shoe, Stock- ing, or hat, none of them any pay, What other clothing not here mentioned recd at fort Jefferson, are now worn out, Their being in this condition may perhaps be in some measure owing to bad occon- omy, in the application of the publick clothing, which I think would not be improper to enquire into Whatever disposition your excel- lency shou'd please to make; whether kept where they are or re- moved, clothing will be absolutely necessary, without it no great service can be expected from them As my Duty obliges me to be frequently at this place for some time yet your Excellency may readily receive such intelligence from 'Robert Todd, who was a brother of John Todd, Jr., assisted in the defense of McClelland's Fort against an Indian attack December 29, 1776. He was wounded at that time. He was made a captain under Clark and for a time served as acting paymaster. In the campaign of General Anthony Wayne he was a brigadier general. 2 This letter is printed in part in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 2:651. 14 PLAN FOR KENTUCKY DEFENSE, 1781 me as I am able to give concerning the matter - - I am Sir with much respect your excellencys most Obt Humble Serv t ROBT TODD Capt Clarke Regt (TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA) IN COUNCIL Dec 12, 178i referred to Colo Davies A Blair C C PLAN FOR KENTUCKY DEFENSE, December I I, 178i [Journal of Virginia House of Delegates, 178r, p. 35.1 TUESDAY, December II, 1781. Mr Banister reported, from the committee appointed to examine General Clarke's letters, and to confer with Major Crittendon, that the committee had, according to order, examined the same and conferred with sundry persons acquainted with the subject contained in the said letters, and had agreed to a report and come to several resolutions thereupon, which he read in his place, and afterwards delivered in at the clerk's table, where the same were again twice read and agreed to by the House, as followeth: That it is the opinion of several persons who have conferred with your committee, that the country of Kentucky is in the greatest danger of being annoyed if not totally subjugated by the British and Indians from Detroit and the tribes between that post and the Ohio, if an expedition is not carried on against them early in the Spring: That the force requisite for this purpose would be two thousand men. That if this offensive operation could be carried into execu- tion it would secure to us the amity and attachment of a great num- ber of Indians, who would act in conjunction with us; but if neg- lected they will act against us in great force. That the consequence would be fatal to our interest in that country, as the people must either desert it or submit to British government; That an expedi- tion against Detroit, would require nine hundred pack horses, at ten pounds each, besides those already in the country, computed to be one hundred; twelve thousand weight of powder, and twenty- four thousand weight of lead. That besides the flour now on hand, four thousand bushels of corn would be required, which might be I)5 i6 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS obtained for four hundred pounds specie. That the distance from the falls of the Ohio to the object in view is between three and four hundred miles. That of the supplies necessary, should the expe- dition be judged practicable, there are on hand two hundred thou- sand pounds of flour at the falls of the Ohio, eight thousand weight of powder, sixteen hundred weight of lead and from six to eight hundred bushels of salt. This being a summary of inquiries re- specting an offensive operation against Detroit, your committee pro- ceeded to examine into the nature and extent of a defensive war for the preservation of the country, which your committee beg leave also to report specially, as follows: That it appeared from concurrent opinions of other persons ac- quainted with the country, that jt might be defended by keeping up garrisons at the following posts: the falls of Ohio, the mouth of Kentucky river, the mouth of Licking creek, and at the mouth of Lime Stone creek. That the defence of these posts would re- quire six or seven hundred men, and two gun boats at each of the posts, which might be manned from the respective garrisons; and thus supported, the inhabitants would be enabled to defend them- selves against the incursions of the enemy, as well as occasionally to attack them. That the distance of the falls to the mouth of Ken- tucky river is seventy-five miles by water; from thence to the mouth of Licking creek, one hundred miles; and from thence to the mouth of Lime Stone creek, one hundred and ten miles. That the gun boats will be a great means of preventing the Indians from cross- ing the Ohio and attacking the posts or the inhabitants on the river. It farther appears to your committee, that there is a great prospect of increasing population in that country from the late emigrations to it; and that this circumstance may lessen the necessity of so large a force as is above stated. Whereupon, your committee came to the following resolutions: Resolved, that it is the opinion of this committee, That the pro- posed expedition against Detroit, ought not for the present to be attempted. Resolved, that it is the opinion of this committee, That some plan of defence ought to be adopted for the security of the inhabitants of this State residing in Kentucky; and that the Executive do, from STORES FOR FORT NELSON, 1781 17 time to time, take such measures, for that purpose, as circumstances may admit. MILITARY STORES FOR FORT NELSON, December 12, 1781 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] FORT NELSON 12th Decemr 178I Received the Military and Ordinance Stores Spacified in the Within Invoice by Order of General Clark from Martin Carney late Quarter Master Recd by me ZEPHANIAH BLACK=FORD Conductor of Military Stores. Invoice of Military Stores Received from McGavock and De- livered to Mr Zephaniah Blackford 75-Muskits 26-Rifels 85-Cartridge Boxes 5-Ditto Not fit for Service 59-Straps or Slings for Bayonets 75-Bayonets- 9-Powder Horns i6 Shott Pouches I I pair Wipers 4 pair of Bullet MIoles I89 Gun Flints Recd the Above Mentioned Stores from Martin Carney Late Q Master by Order of Gener! Clark Falls of Ohio I 2th December 1781 Recd by me ZEPHANIAH BLACKFORD Cond Milt Stores Invoice of Military Stores Deliver'd to Mr Blackford 12tP De- cember I781- 3 Setts of Mens Harness 6 Lent. Stocks 3 port fire Stocks 18 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS i Budge Barrel- - 3 Sheep Skins 3 Setts of Harness for 4 Horses i Do Do for 2 Do 228 6 pound Round Shott fired I05- 3 pound Do Do Do 4o Rounds of Royal Case 84 6 pound Case fixed 36 3 pound Do Do 14o Empty Shells 300 6 pound Round Shott 759 pounds of Rifel Powder 3401 pounds of Muskit DO 3003 pounds of Cannon Do 120 pounds of Slowmatch 6 i/8 Dozen port fire 400 6 Six pound Tubes 22 1/2 pounds of Meal Powder 6 Rheims of Cannon Cartridge Paper 3 Rheims of Muskit D - Do 4900 Gun Flints- - 36 Melting Ladles --- i pair of Bullet Nippers 8 lbs of Muskit Cartridge thread i Ten Lanthren 50 Six pound Empty paper Cartridges 1453 lbs Lead I pair of Large Bullet Moles - HARRISON TO CLARK, DECEMBER 20,1781 BENJAMIN HARRISON1 TO CLARK, December 20, 1781 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, x78r, pp. 13-15, Va. State Archives.] COUNCIL CHAMBER December 20) 1781 SIR The Delay of an Answer to your several Favors has been occas- ioned by a variety of Causes, which Major Crittendon will explain to you. Soon after the Arrival they were referred to the Consideration of the Assembly. The deranged Situation of the Finances of the State, and the reduced value of the paper Currency made this Step necessary. Their Determination on the Subject you have inclosed, by which you will find that an offensive war cannot at this Time be carried on. we must therefore turn our Attention to defensive measures and make use of every means in our power that this be done in the most effectual Manner. On your exertions this must rest. The Executive have the most entire Confidence in and Re- liance on your Abilities and Integrity, and therefore will leave much to your Discretion. You'l please immediately to call on the Counties of Jefferson, Fayette and Lincoln in proportion to their number of Militia for as many Men as will make up with the Regulars you have three hundred and four rank file properly oflicered one hundred of which are to be stationed at the Falls of Ohio, and sixty eight in each of the posts of the mouth of Kentuckey River, the mouth of Licking Creek and the Mouth of Lime Stone Creek which posts I wish to have strengthened as much as possible. This number of Men it is thought will be sufficient for the present, but very prob- ably will not be so as the Spring advances in which Case you'l please to increase the number as exigencies may require always taking Care to have the Militia relieved as the Law directs. ' Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Declaration of Independence, was born in Charles City County, Virginia, in 1726 and was educated at William and Mary College. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, a member of the Committee of Correspondence, 1773, and a delegate to the Continental Congress, 1774-1778. He became speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates on his return from Congress, holding this office until 1781, after which he was twice elected governor. As a delegate to the Virginia convention of 1788 he opposed the ratification of the federal con- stitution. At the time of his death in 1791 he was a member of the Vir- ginia legislature. 19 20 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS The plan of Gun boats I very much approve. They will cer- tainly render essential service. I wish therefore to have three or four of them built as soon as possible. If you are in Want of Cannon to mount on them, they shall be sent early in the Spring to Fort Pitt, or any other post most convenient that you shall direct. Major Crittendon is referred to Colo Davies for the Cloathing necessary for your Men and will settle with him the manner of getting them to you. You will very probably ask how the Business required to be done can be carried on without Money. The answer indeed is difficult. We have nothing to depend on for the present but the virtue of the people; that has been tryed with Success on many former Occasions and I hope may be so again when they are informed that the As- sembly are now closely engaged on the Subject of Finance and that they mean to do Justice to the public Creditors. The Executive on their parts will most certainly use the first means in their power to pay off any Debts that may be contracted for the present purpose. I well know how necessary it is to keep up the public Credit, and shall on all occasions exert myself to support it. There will be no great Difficulty I hope to supply provisions as you have Flour in Abundance and Salt to cure Meat, a great Quantity of which may be got at the outposts by hunting. Some of the Salt may also be sold for Beef. If any of the Flour should be in danger of spoiling, I would recommend it to you to dispose of that also and to apply the Money to such necessary purposes as you think will be most advantageous. Major Crittendon delivered a verbal Message to the Board from you respecting the Resolutions of the last Assembly. It was a matter of great Surprise to us that we could not conceive how General Clarke could take that resolution as aimed at him whose Character has ever stood unimpeached:1 You must be sensible that great Abuses have been committed and that it was necessary for the As- sembly to correct them and to bring the Offenders to Justice. At such only the Resolution points. I have my hopes that on cooler Reflection you will think with me, and have no more unhappy Mo- ments on that Subject. A Resignation at this Time would be ex- ' See the joint resolution of June 2x, 178i, Clark Papers, 569. MUSTER ROLL OF ILLINOIS REGIMENT, 1781 21 tremely injurious to the State in as much as it would throw the whole back Country into Confusion and perhaps occasion its Loss the thought of which I am confident induce you if you have not done it already to lay aside your Resentment. I have now Sir only to assure you that I have the highest Con- fidence in you and Expectations that you will enter on ye Business recommended to you, and that I am c BENJAMIN HARRISON. MUSTER ROLL OF THE ILLINOIS REGIMENT, December, 178i [Draper MSS., 5iJxo3.-A. D.] Commanded by Colo John Montgomery' in the Virginia State Service, for the month of December I78i. ' Captain John Montgomery with his company was ordered to join Clark at the Falls of the Ohio in 1778. After the capture of Kaskaskia he was sent by Clark with dispatches to Governor Henry. The next year (1779) he was appointed, together with Lieutenant John Rogers, to ac- company Governor Hamilton and other prisoners who were sent to Vir- ginia. As colonel, he was in command of the one hundred and fifty men sent by the Virginia authorities to assist Clark in the proposed campaign against Detroit. Before setting out for the Falls of the Ohio, Clark ap- pointed Montgomery to the command of the troops in the Illinois country. He was succeeded in this position by Captain John Rogers (April, 1781). See also index, Clark Papers. 12 JILLINOIS I1STORICAL COLLECTIONS 00 V. - . _ --0I0 0- 00 O i0 oCo Q O O O O - - O O O O O O It- 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0000 00 00 00 I1t__ 2 - r- -_ - r co co '.0 t0C's m0 v - 5-' o o i_..o . X o c, o , o .2 --- - - - - - - - - -e ,,, - Co a. - - C. C. a. r- C0 0 :Q0 Q ctcd cuC'cdedCcd . _ C)QQ Q Q Q Q ) )k;, ,:; ; Cu C n 8, 4-' co C c I.. Cd c u _ cd S1I..jfo I3aUoliStWWuOo cm I-S. E P4 I I' i, il : C ' 0 I0 U I E i 5- C 0 0 C o 0 a- 5- CZ W u cu o C,0 Sj r!90 pilal 10 MUSTER ROLL OF ILLINOIS REGIMENT, 1781 23 C = C C -r - ,J r CC) C .C U4 'UD ; o Q 0 C C C = O 3n 9O, c 0 I- 44 C 'A - d CI .C V ; -5 -5 0 V. -aC' ,. E e OEO _, 0 - 0 .Z _ C o. j C, 2Xr ic f0 -.O I 0o o t o o B o t o - - 00 0 00 , r - C 06 r5 o O _ _ -t l rN m_ z -4 4- Cl o . cIU t ! o! 1 ! e i5 5 [ 1 ___ 0. . _. 0 U 2-ela ,dC 0 z cl ' E 2 2 d O Cl ClZ - dulo3 s,.joliu1 du AUtdwoD I I w 'I Cd P4 0 Cl O- 14n 0 (A I I i i i I II- 1 1 t i i i i I 24 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 0 E 0 u 0 u v'o.-.oV. ..S 000 C0 000000 C- - 0F cpound; 0 eqt O ) nO N - - N NNw Ne N 4nNN c 0o ( c! ololc!cl-. o. ! 0C. oolo o , ,r r4 0 VI C3 ra5b cu _ 0 . CC's C's ;Oa=,Cf .Y-.3 W - O 0.0 N rQ : Q t-o C 0 - N = - e = - . NNNN NN N N N l P4 C's J J J JJ J 01 ol.m m1m -- -n- b- b-b- b- 0-C- 0- Aduloo sAap!vE jdvo 'A a- C' P4. I I i i I i 11 0. 0 u i!- i i I i I MUSTER ROLL OF ILLINOIS REGIMENT, 1781 25 -W: S 0 U 0 u +- a C: a o oO0 0 C: 0 0 c. 0 000-0.05.o)c.o-c.0-0.0.a.0.0. 0.0.0.V-Co.Co.o'. Zt. --0 -0 -o -o -o -0 -0 -0 -o -0 -o 1 'a -o -o.0ror 0 V C _m_ I 0 0 00 en - rn- m tI) PI1, - I;_ b.;-;..W:v - I C I C =r gC OC :d Cl Cd 0l G Cdm 0 a 0 00 -0 0 0 00 00 -00 0 - -_ - N - - M m'Ili 1 J J c ! J- 1 i J J J J J lo1 1 1 J -o. -o - o -0-o -0-b-0-o -b-b-o -b-b-ow -0--o -o - 0. E ,,,: S c S = = = X Y c Cd I E ) = a _ =-E eE -C Y ; Q- 00 0' 0 (t m +- 'nr.0 t xo 0 0 - St -J ipound; u x 0 o r '- m m w l +iii n ini ini i in O ,jdwoo sJxjqs-.g idvo 26 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Cn CW Pm u u 0 0 o 000 o b0 0 :0 C C 0 0 0- o0 )o 00 000- - 0 00o. 000 o r- 00r- o.e 00o-Oo t- c:-b- -4 -4 - - 4 03 _ _ _ I (1cn C/- 0 - or . R .,1 '0 C.N C G.) 0. I W- ,tQ N 0) C' ;;4 _ E Q ct ; 0 C-Yc ! J o!1JJ! c j I =.'0-a'0'0'0'0'0'0'0'0--'0'0'0'0 ,IC:L_ 1 -0 0 - . E - C's 0 (j Rc 0d . p - 0 0 ) 4 ) c d 0 0 ( 0.0= - C -) - -0 C jIn cl 0o 0C ' - en m - in 1-,t 00 aN 0 _ent ) "of00 oo 0 1 D 'I I'D C \0 -' o "D I- r, r r, t, N t r, r, ooI-0 AuudwuoD silnIuD jdvD E Cl I I I I I i I I I- i i i 1 1 I li 1 1 1 1 I I I lIUSTER ROLL OF ILLINOIS REGIMENT, 1781 27 t I! 00 U 1- E U 00o o . oH o ,jIII i o!J!o ! !o ! C:-o-f-r. --r-X0 - _-_ 5 E Auedwo3 s1jnlvJlqa ldvD - eq m tF in .o t. 00 CO 0 - 0000000000000 ooCoO I I I i I i 1 li i I I I1 I i I i 28 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS GODEFROY LINCTOT1 TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, January I, I782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.) SIR. Having been stoped for a long time in this village by a disorder from which I have barely recovered arising from misfortune. Fa- tigue bad Provisions which I have been obliged to make use of during in the Indian villages. on account of my business as Agent, the impossibility of being able myself in person to render you an acc9 of my Conduct, as also an acc of the expense attending upon a Journey to Richmond- I take the Liberty to send you by M Gration [Gratiot]2 one of the citizens of this Country, an account of the necessary charges which I have been obliged to be at for presents made to the different nations to whom I have spoke accord- ing to the order which I received from his Excellency Governor Jefferson-I hope you will be pleased fully to pay them having been obliged to borrow different sums of some of my Friends to support among the different nations the Honour of the State to which I am truly devoted - I should have been happy to have had it my power to have met with General Clark that he might have approved of my Expences conduct which I flatter myself he would have done with as much approbation as M Cuirzal [Cruzat]2 Span- ish Colonel Commandant upon the River Illinois If my Health at any time enables me to perform the Voyage I will immediately set to receive whatever orders you may be pleased to give but I hope if my Conduct is agreeable to you you will be 'Daniel Maurice Godefroy Linctot, a French trader of influence with the Indians, was of great assistance to Clark. In 1779 he was made Indian agent at Cahokia by Major Joseph Bowman. During that sum- mer he was sent up the Illinois River in command of a Cahokia com- pany. This advance defeated the project of Lieutenant Bennett who had proceeded as far as St. Joseph from Michillimackinac for the purpose of driving the American traders out of the Illinois country. The Indians de- serted and the British entrenched themselves at the mouth of the St. Joseph River. Meantime, Linctot crossed to Ouiatenon and this movement caused consternation among the enemy, for it was interpreted as an ad- vance on Detroit. Later in the year, accompanied by some Indians, he made a visit to the Governor of Virginia by whom he was commissioned major of Indian affairs, because of his "sincere attachment to the cause of the United States." Ile was entrusted with keeping the friendship of the Wabash tribes, and was stationed at Vincennes. See also index, Clark Papers, where the name appears as Major Geoffrey Linctot. ' For Charles Gratiot and Francisco Cruzat consult index, Clark Papers. CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, JANUARY 13, 1782 29 pleased to pay my Wages. having received none of any person, being reduced to the necessity of drawing for my Expences, or de- pending upon the generous Succours which I have received in many places of my Friends - I will receive whatever you will be pleased to grant, be assured that according to my Station the duties of my charge I shall have justly acquired it - I have the Honor to be with profound Respect Sir yo. mo obt Hble Sevt GODEFROY LINITOT KASKASKIAS, Jany It 1782 STATE OF THE TREASURY, January 7, 1782 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:3o.-Abstract.] RICHMOND, January 7th, 1782. John Conant, Surgeon to Genl: Clark's Army, having obtained from "the Assembly" an order for a Warrant for one thousand dolls: specie, for the purchase of medicines to be delivered at the Falls of the Ohio in March next, applied at the Treasury, but was informed there was no money on hand ... He therefore now begs that instruc- tions be given to the "Commissaries of Stores" to sell flour sufficient to make up that Sum, otherwise the wishes of the Assembly cannot be carried out ... JOHN CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, January 13, 1782 [Draper MSS., 5zjI.-A. L. S.] LEXINGTON 1 3th January I782 DR GENL I have Communicated the purchase of Flower made in Con- junction between us on behalf of the state to ColQ William Fleming whom was so kind as to take Charge of some papers of mine Re- lating my Claim for Services Renderd under your Command in this Department, As Col9 Fleming will probably wish for some Infor- mation from you Relative to my Claims, you will greatly Oblige me in making me Dr for Such Quantity of the Land as you may think necessary and furnishing the Vouchers Requird that the accounts 30 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS may be Liquidated it being out of my power to attend and this shall Oblige me to Comply with the same agreeable to your Contract with Capt Tardiveaul I have made little progress in Obtaining the war- rents mentiond in your favour to me, I hope to have the pleasure of your advocacy to the Settlement as it may probably be later than you Expect I have nothing more worthy your notice Believe me Sr to be with the utmost Esteem to be your Humble Servt JOHN CRITTENDEN Addressed: Genl Geo. R. Clark, Falls of Ohio. ORDER FOR ORGANIZING WESTERN TROOPS, January i8, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] IN COUNCIL Jany i8. I782. The Board advise that the regular Troops of this State, now in the Western Country under the Command of General Clarke be reduced to one Corps of Infantry, to be commanded by a Major and formed into companies not exceeding Sixty eight rank file to each Company under the necessary Captains Subalterns: and that Genl Clarke be requested to organize the said Corps and if the offi- cers cannot agree among themselves with respect to their respective commands, that he appoint them according to their Seniority - - Extract per ye Minutes A BLAIR C. C. JOHN TODD, JR., TO GOVERNOR JEFFERSON, January 24, I782 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.] LEXINGTON 24 Jany 1782 MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY, I recO the inclosed Letters a few days ago; as they contain some matters of Consequence I transmit them just as I recieve them. They are written with a freedom which spares no Character may with additional Letters which I expect you have recd throw light 'For Barthilemi Tardiveau, see Cahokia Records, cxxxvi ff., clii; also Alvord, The Illinois Country (Centennial History of Illinois, I), 369 ff. TODD TO JEFFERSON, JANUARY 24, 1782 up on our Situation in the Ilinois. Winston' is Commandt at Kaskaskia Me Carty2 a Captain in the Ilinois Regt who has long since rendered himself disagreeable by endeavouring to enforce Mili- tary Law upon the civil Department at Kohos [Cahokia]. The peltry mentioned by Winston as purloined or embeazelled by Montgomery was committed to their joint Care by me in Nov 1779 from the Circumstance of Col- Montgomery's taking up with an infamous Girl leaving his Wife flying down the River I am inclined to believe the worst that can be said of him being so far out of the Road of Business I cannot do the State that Justice I wish by sending down his case immediately to the Spanish Commen- dant on the Missisipppi. A late Letter informed your Excellency of my Design of laying some Beef Corn in Store for the Expedition planned last year I expect to get 30 or 40 thousand Weight of Beef two or three thousand Bushals of Corn or Better Terms then will be got any where in this Country. A Prisoner, Martin Wistill, taken spring was a year at Wheeling by the Shawanese two weeks ago left his party being 7 Shawanese about half a Mile from Bryants Fort as they were stealing Horses. He says the Shawanese have built 4 Block Houses at Logans Town 12 Miles beyond the Pickaway, that they are much Distressed for want of provisions are keen for mak- ing an attack next Spring upon the Kentucky Settlements that Black- fish Logan are dead . I am uneasy lest Crockett should not arrive timeously at Licking many of our Settlers seem desirous to fly immediately to the south side of Kentucky lest he should not. Two Certificates to Wm Grant Israel Grant dated the i6th This Inst one for 627 Bushels Corn the other for 8o were signed by Jos. Lindsay Comy Countersigned. I wish the payments to be delayed till further Information to the Auditors. I have the Honor to be with the greatest Respect your Excel- lency's Most obedient humble Servant JNO TODD, JR. His EXCELLENCY, THOMAS JEFFERSON 'For a biographical sketch of Richard Winston see Alvord, Cahokia Records, lxxxv ff. 2 For Richard McCarty, see ibid., 2, note 3. 3 1 32 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS OFFICER'S RANK, ILLINOIS REGIMENT, January 28, I782 [Draper MSS., 52J3.-A. D.] Rank of the officers of the Illinois Regiment Louisville 280' Jany I782 John Montgomery Lt Colonel 14 Decemr I778 Thou Quirk Majr I71k Augt 1779 Robert Todd Captn I7 March 1780 Isaac Taylor Captn i8tP March 1780 Abraham Kellar Captn i9 March I780 John Baley Do 29 March 1780 Richd Brashear Do 30th May 8o John Girault Do 3th June 1781 Michael Perrault Do 10th October I781 Joseph Calvit Lieut I June 1780 James Montgomery Do 2 D" 8o Abraham Chaplin D" 3 Do 8o Richard Clark Do 4 June 1780 Jarret Williams Do 5 June I 780 William Clark 6 June 1780 BENJAMIN HARRISON TO WILLIAM FLEMING,1 January 29, 1782 [Draper MSS., 46J69.-L. S.] IN COUNCIL January 29th 1782 The Executive are extremely pleased to find by your favor of the 26th ulto that you will assist in the settlement of the accounts in the back Country. They approve of your plan in general and will 'Colonel William Fleming, after receiving a classical education, was graduated in medicine from the University of Edinburgh. On coming to Virginia during the French and Indian War, he served as lieutenant and surgeon in Washington's regiment and as captain under General Forbes. He received a wound at the battle of Point Pleasant in Dunmore's War which unfitted him for military service during the Revolution, but as a county lieutenant he was an adviser on the defense of the frontier and he served two years in the Virginia legislature. In 1779 he was appointed one of the commissioners for granting settlement and preemption rights in the countv of Kentucky. In 178i he was appointed one of the western com- missioners for the consideration of claims against Virginia growing out of the disbursements of public money by Clark and his officers (see post, 290). For a number of years after the Revolution he sat in the Virginia legislature and was a member of the state convention which adopted the federal con- stitution. HARRISON TO FLEMING, JANUARY 29, 1782 33 furnish you with such accounts and documents as they can procure, tho' they apprehend it will be impossible for them to obtain all that will be necessary. This deficiency we hope you will be able to make up on the Spot. The opportunity you have had of being informed of the intentions of the Assembly and Executive in appointing Com- missioners to settle this business where it was transacted, will no doubt suggest to you many Things that cannot be so fully explained either by letters or instructions much therefore must be left to the discretion of the Commissioners in whose abilities and judgment we place intire confidence. We know of no powers given to any person to draw bills on the State but to Colo Clarke and yet we find them drawn to an immense amount by Colo Montgomery a Captn Robt George and some others; we have but too much reason to suppose a Collusion and fraud betwixt the drawers and those they are made payable to; most of them are for specie when they well knew we had none amongst us, and from the largeness of the Sums, proves the transactions must have been in paper and the depreciation taken into account, when the bargains were made; indeed George confesses this to have been the Case when he gave Philip Barbour a bill for two hundred thirty two thousand, three hundred and twenty Dollars and uses the plea of ignorance. I am unwilling to charge Mr Oliver Pollock of New Orleans with any sinister practices having in general heard well of him, yet I confess I have my doubts of him and wish his whole transactions from the first connection with Montgomery c to be minutely enquired into. In short great Care and exactness is to be observed, thro' out your whole transactions, but this I need not mention as we can safely trust to your prudence. Colo Preston has resigned his appointment and has recommended Mr Granville Smith who is named in his room. We have not yet heard from that Gentleman, but suppose he will act. We agree to lengthen the time of meeting to the first of May. Each Commissioner is allowed three sumpter horses which they are- requested to procure on Credit, and their pay shall be fully adequate to their Trouble and expences. 34 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS We know not what to say to you on the subject of money to support you not having at present the Command of one shilling. We hope however that you will be able either to furnish it, or bor- row it, in either Case you may rest assured of its being replaced with interest out of the first money that comes to the treasury. So many of the Gentlemen that have been named for this busi- ness have refused to act that we are apprehensive it will not go forward unless a power is lodged with you to name others in Case these should do the same, we have for that reason left three blanks to be filled up by you in case of need, not doubting your doing it with proper persons who have no Connections in that Country. Should you make any appointment you'l please to inform us of it immediately. You have inclosed an order to the County Lieutenant of Wash- ington to furnish you with a guard to the first post where you will please to discharge them. We leave it in your power to fix the number, confident of your doing it as low as possible, as you well know how necessary Oeconomy is in the present State of our finances. I am with respect Your most obedt Hble SerP BENJ HARRISON P S The Acct c shall be forwarded as soon as possible BENJAMIN LOGAN TO CLARK, February I2, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J5.-A. L. S.] Fabruary 12th 1782 HONOURED SIR from the treatment I received last night from Major Thomas Quirck' whom I beleave to be an Officer in Ileanoy Reigment under your Command the Said treatment hapened in your presence I do request demand the saticfaction for that treat- ' Thomas Quirk served as ensign and lieutenant in the Seventh and Fifth Virginia Regiments. Resigning from the Eastern army in 1779, he spent the summer recruiting for Clark and taking reinforcements to the Illinois. Later in 1781 he went to Kentucky where he served as major of the troops stationed at Louisville. See Kellogg, Frontier Retreat on the Upper Ohio (Wis. Hist. Coils., 24), 195, note 2. LEGRAS TO CLARK, FEBRUARY 15, 1782 ment that the Law Martial derects that Law to be put in force as soon as may be. I have the Honour to be Your Most Obedient Humle Sert BENJAMIN LOGAN To GENARAL CLARCK Endorsed: Logan's Complaint Against Quirk FebruY 12th 1782 J. M. P. LEGRAS' TO CLARK, February 15, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J6.-A. L. S.] Au GENERALE GEORGE ROGE CLARK Brigadier General MONSIEUR Sir, by an Outawa Indian arriv'd here the 3I0 Decr from the Miamis, we learn that the Commandant of Detroit requir'd all the Savages of the Lakes and others ajacent thereto, to be ready, very early in the Spring to march against the Falls, and that Captv Chaine was to go at their Head with Artillery, that in the mean time he desired some of them wou'd form small parties to see what was doing at the Falls2 Par un sauvage de la 8oas arriv6 icy Le 3I Q dedexembre qui vient de la Riviere des Mis; cet Rapport6 que Lorsqu'il Est partis du detroit L'automme derniere pour son hivernement que le Commandt du d6troit a dit a tous les sauvages des Lacs Et des Environs de se tenir pret de Bon printemps pour aller frapper a la Chfitte, Et que le Capitaine Chaine irait a Leur tate avec De L'artillerie, et qu'en attendant qu'il seroit Charm6 que quelqu'un deux formassent des petits partis pour voir ce qu'il se passe; Voila Mon Sieur ce que Colonel J. M. P. Legras was one of the prominent Frenchmen at Vin- cennes when Clark captured that post. He was captain of militia under the British but he began at once to espouse the American cause by furnishing powder and flour. He accompanied Captain Leonard Helm on the expedi- tion up the Wabash which captured seven boats containing supplies for Hamilton. During the year 1779 he was appointed president of the local court at Vincennes by John Todd and continued to preside over this court until 1786. 'This translation was interpolated on the original manuscript between the subscription and the body of the letter. 35 36 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS J'ai L'honneur de vous informer Et Soy6s persuades qu'il ne Viendra Bien a ma Connoissance: Sans que Je vous En donne avis; J'aurois Bien Desire avant Le Depart Du Major Bosseron qu'il fut Venut quelques Nouvelles des Jlinois; Mais depuis deux mois nous avons du monde de ce poste qui y Sont alles Et qui ne sont point Encore Revenu Nous pensous que ce sont les Mauvais tems qui les En Empech6nt par les Eaux Et les pointes Basses qui Sont inond6s, plus que quand vous Est Venu prendre le poste Vincenne-Je ne vous Reccommande point le Major Bosseron Je ssay vos intentions a son sujet; Jai fait part des Bonnes Nouvelles que vous aves Marques a Mir Dalton a tous les habitants Et Leurs Est dit que vous les invities d'aller chercher du sel. Comme Mr Dalton C'est trouve dans le Besoin de poudre Et de plomb pour les sauvages des ouyas Nos alli6s qui sont Venu Le saluer; Et les sauvages du poste Leurs avant dit que J'en avoit; J'ai Ete oblig6 de L'assister Sur celle que vous m'aves donne pour le service publique Les Sauvages Luy Disant qu'il ne pouvoit pas Vivre avec Des glands Comme les Cochons; J'ai fait part d'un peu D'amonition de quelque Minots de sel a Ceux qui sont au service Des Etats; si Q'est un Effet de votre Bonte de M'en Envoyer d'autre Je vous Ser6s oblig6; Ainsy qu'un peu de sel et de farinne; Car les Sauvages M'on mange une partie de ce que vous m'avies donne avant de me Rendre chez Moy; Cependant J'ai Encore de la poudre En Reserve au Cas d'attaque Je la Livreray aux habitants Lorsqu'il sera apropos-11 y a Eut une Maladie Contagieuse a misere Et au Kas-il Est mort 54 persone Dont Madame VaI6 mere est du nombre Monsieur Charleville pere1 Et sa dame; Je n'ay Rien Recfue de la Nouvelle Orleans les marchan- dises fort Rare Et Bien Chere; Mr. Vaucheres Mon associe Est passe a la havana avec Le Gouverneur d'un Galvez Sous Sa pro- tection. Je Laisse au Major Bosseron a vous dire Combien Cela me fait detor; J'ai Vendft une Negresse Et Son Enfant plutot que de me voir Executer pour Mes Debtes. Permettes Moy Monsieur de vous Remercier de toutes Les Bontes que vous av6s Ed pour moy pendant Mon sejour a la Chutte; Et que tant que Je viveray J'en ' Jean Baptiste Charleville was one of three sons (the others were Charles and Francois) of Joseph Chauvin dit Charleville, each of whom was elected to the position of justice of the peace for the district of Kas- kaskia. See index, Clark Papers. LEGRAS TO CLARK, FEBRUARY 15, 1782 aurai une Vive Reconnoissance En Vous assurant de ma fidelit6 Et Du Respect avec Lequelle J'ai L'honneur d'etre Monsieur Votre tres humble Et tres obeissant St VINCENNE Le I5e fev 1782. Serviteur J. M. P. LEGRAS Lieut Col1 Addressed: Au Generale George Rog6 Clark Brigadier Gen- erale A La Chfitte Endorsed: ColQ Legras Feby 1782 [Translation] To GENERAL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK, Brigadier General. SIR: An Ottawa Indian, who arrived here the thirty first of Decem- ber, from the Mississippi River, reports that, when he left Detroit last autumn for his winter quarters, the Commandant of Detroit had requested all the Indians of the Lakes and parts adjacent, to hold themselves in readiness to march, early in the spring against the falls, whither Captain Chaine with artillery, would lead them and that in the meantime, he would be glad if some of them formed small parties for reconnoitering. I have the honor to report this, sir, to you; you may rest assured that nothing will come to my knowl- edge, without my informing you of it. I should have been very glad if news had come from Illinois before the departure of Major Bosseron. But two months ago, however, several persons went there, from this post, but they have not yet returned. We believe that the bad weather has delayed them, by high water, as the bottoms are worse flooded than when you came to take post Vincennes. I do not commend Major Bosseron to you. I know your intentions on this subject. I have communicated the good news you sent to Mr. Dalton, to all the inhabitants and have told them that you invite them to go in search of salt. As for Mr. Dalton, he has needed powder and bullets for the Wea Indians, our allies who came to salute him, and the Indians of the post. Having told what I had, I have been obliged 37 38 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS to assist him with what you have given me for public service, fox the Indians told him that it was impossible for them to live upon acorns like swine. I have divided a little ammunition and some bushels of salt among those who are in the service of the States; if in your kindness you send me anything else, I shall be obliged to you for a little salt and flour, for the Indians have eaten a part of what you gave me before my return home. Meanwhile, I still have powder in reserve, in case of an attack, which I shall issue to the inhabitants when it becomes necessary. There has been a contagious disease at Ste. Genevieve and at Kas- kaskia; fifty-four persons have died, among them the elder Madame VaIl and the elder Mr. Charleville and his wife. I have received nothing from New Orleans; goods are scarce and very dear. Mr. Vaucheres, my associate, has gone to Havana under the protection of the Governor, Galvez. I leave it to Major Bosseron to tell you how this has injured me. I have sold a negress and her child rather than see myself put under execution for debt. Allow me, sir, to thank you for all your kindness to me during my stay at the Falls. So long as I live, I shall retain a vivid remembrance of it. Assuring you of my fidelity and of the respect with which I have the honor to be, Sir, Your very humble and obedient servant, J. M. P. Legras, Lieut. Col. St. Vincennes February 15, 1782. General George Rogers Clark, Brigadier General at the Falls. Endorsed Col. Legras, February 1782. CLARK TO JONATHAN CLARK, February I6, I782 [Draper MSS., 2L15.-A. L. S.] COVE SPRING KENTUCKY Feby i6th 1782 D4 SIR I Received your favr of the 8tP Novr last I am happy to find that all friends are well I was unhappy to hear the fate of Col. Camp- CLARK TO JONATHAN CLARK, FEBRUARY 16,1782 39 bell" you did not inform me any thing of Johny or Edmond2 Dicky left this last Fall I have not heard whether he got safe home I sent his Commission to him by Mr Rice Bullock of Hanover, inform him of it Cap' Benjamin Fields of Culpepper Cty was to take two of my Riding Horses from Ft Pitt to Caroline if they have arive pray send them to me by the first safe Hand that will undertake to bring them for any price, being so Repeatedly disappointed by government that I warmly solicited them for leave to quit this Department in- tending to Retire and Injoy myself in some polite part of the Con- tinent but have met with a Refutial such as put it out of my power to leave the Cuntrey with propriety they have been generous Enough (as I suppose they term it) to own that the misfortunes that I have met with was owing to their own disability and neglect (in order to please me I suppose) they have given me the same powers hear that ye Governor have with you in the Military Dept finance c but I doubt it will be out of my power to save this infant Cuntrey from those impending strokes that now Hover over it its Fate will be determined by August if we are then fortunate all persons that incline to Come to the Cuntrey my [may] Move amediately as it will then be out of the power of the Enemy to distress us much more and if the old Gentleman Determine to move to this Cuntrey he might send out hands to Commence a Farm: I have Ingaged a man to Survey his Land but I know nothing about the payment for it Mr Randolf is gone to the west Indias but I make no Doubt but the Land is paid for they tell me it is one of the finest Tracts in the Cuntrey Lands Raise hear amazingly a few days past I was Refused Six Hundred acres of Lands for five Hundred Guineas, to be paid in three month I intended it for my Father in Case he moved amedi- ately as it was in the Hart of the Settlement knowing that it would Continue to Raise in Value I have some prospect of future happiness 'For biographical sketch of Colonel John Campbell, see post, 145, note I; for his relations with Clark, see Clark Papers, 225 ff. 2John Clark was a younger brother of George Rogers Clark. He entered the army as lieutenant in a Virginia regiment. At the battle of Germantown, he was captured by the British and was held as a prisoner until his exchange in 17S2. As a result of his imprisonment he contracted tuberculosis which caused his death in 1784. Edmund was another younger brother of George Rogers Clark, who served as lieutenant in a Virginia regiment during the Revolution. About the year x8oo he removed to Kentucky. 40 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS in our living near Each other I can supply you with Lands if you Settle on the Ohio as fortune seems to determine that I posses an unprecedented Quantity of the finest Lands in the Western World I can prejudge that I have this Campaign to Incounter greater dangers than I have heretofore their is no knowing the fate of war if I Fall I hope you will not suffer any part of my property to fall into the Hands of those that have no Right to it you will find it very Considerable give half to my Father and keep the other your self I have now to add that I could wish to hold a Constant Corre- spondence, with you its in your power to be of infinite Service to me by informing of me of the policy of the State Continent Europe Individuals c as it may Occur to you I am with Respect yr Loving Brother c G R CLARK JOHN GIBSON1 TO CLARK, March 5, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J8.-A. L. S.] PITCHBURG march the 5th 1782 SR this is to Let you Know that your Bill that you Gave me on the Govrner of Virgenia was protested which has Ruined me and If you Do Not take Som Spedey methiod to make me hole I will take Evrey opertunitey in my power to Do my Self Justies Sr I hope you will Rite me an answer Emedentley your Compliens will obledge your Verrey Umbl Sert JNo GIBSON N B SR I Expected you would Rote me before this time as Marger Critenten must have told you all my Disapointments ' For the contract between Gibson and Clark, see Clark Papers, 571-572. This was not Colonel John Gibson but another of that name, an Indian trader and merchant at Pittsburgh. On a number of occasions he procured powder and other supplies for Clark. MONBREUN TO CLARK, MARCH 5, 1782 TIMOTHi DE MONBREUN1 TO CLARK, March 5, 1782 [Draper MSS., 5iJ25.-A. L. S.] MON GENiRAL J'ai eu L'honneur de M'addresser a Monsieur Le Major John Williams votre representant pour lui demander soit ma retrait oil qu'il m'accordat, En maqualit6 De Gentilhomme Et d'officer au service De la Republique de la Virginie que J'ai L'honneur de servir, ma paye de Lieutenant En bon argent ouh Marchandises pour pouvoir faire subsister ma famille Lequel ne ma pu accorder que des Provis- ions pour ma Subsistance comme vous le verre par sa reponse cy jointe Que J'ai L'honneur de vous Envoyer cy Inclus, En conse- quence Mon g6n6ral Je me flatte que Lorsque vous aures vu le Cer- tificat de Monsieur le Colonel Montgomery Et La reponse que Mr Le Major Williams de mes Services et leurs incompetence Malgre La bonne volonte Que ces Messieurs avoient de vouloir recompenser mes services Et le zele que J'ai Encore presentement desirent vous suivre dans L'Expedition que vous alles faire, si toutes fois il vous plait m'accorder La subsistance de ma famille pourque Je puisse m'absenter et ne pas Laisser ma famille a la Mercy de mes amis qui est une chose honteuse a un veritable Gentilhomme cet que Je Suis. J'espere Mon General que m'appuyant sur le zele avec lequel Je desire servir La patrie trouver En vous toutes les reponces qui me seront necessaires pour Marcher avec Confiance sous vos drapeaux a Labri desquels un veritable Militaire ne Desire rien autre chose. Jai L'honneur detre avec un profound respect Votre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur TIMOTE DE MONBREUN Lte MON GENERAL KASKASKIAS le 5eme Mars 1782 [Addressed:] Monsieur Monsieur George Rogers Clark Ecuyer MIarechal de Camps Commandant la patrie oriental de la Virginie au fort Pite ' Influenced by Father Gibault, Timothe Boucher Sieur de Monbreun, who was living at Vincennes, took up the cause of the Americans. Remov- ing to Kaskaskia, he was appointed lieutenant in the Illinois battalion and was later granted a commission as deputy county lieutenant (1783). Dur- ing the turbulent years which followed, he served as judge, usually the only one, and also preserved a good understanding with the Indians. In 1786, he resigned and crossed to the Spanish side of the Mississippi. For a more extended account of his services, consult Alvord, Cahokia Records, xix, cxxiv ff. 41 42 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS [Translation] March 5, 1782. My GENERAL: I have had the honor to address myself to Major John Williams, your representative, to ask of him, either my discharge or that he ac- cord me, as an officer and gentleman in the service of the Republic of Virginia, which I have the honor to serve, my pay of Lieutenant in good money or in merchandise, so that I may support my family. This he has been unable to grant me as you will see by his reply which I have the honor to send you here inclosed. Accordingly, my General, I flatter myself that when you have seen the testimonial of Colonel Montgomery and the reply of Major Williams concern- ing my services and their inability [to help me], in spite of the good will these gentlemen bear me, that you will recompense my services. Moreover I am still anxious to follow you in your approaching ex- pedition, if you will please to give me enough to support my family, so that in my absence I need not leave it at the mercy of my friends, which is a disgrace to a true gentleman, such as I am. I hope, my General, in my zeal for the country's service, that you will so answer me that I may march with confidence under your banners beyond the shelter of which a true soldier desires nothing more. I have the honor to be with profound respect, Your very humble and very obedient servant, TIMOTHi DE MONBREUN, LT. MY GENERAL, KASKASKIA, March 5, 1782. Addressed: Mr. George Rogers Clark, Esq. Field Marshal, Commanding the eastern country of Virginia, at Fort Pitt. CHAPTER II CLARK'S PLAN FOR THE DEFENSE OF KENTUCKY, MARCH 5, I782-JULY 5, 1782 GUNBOATS TO BE USED ON THE OHIO - TROUBLES ENCOUNTERED IN EQUIPPING THESE BOATS - VIRGINIA ASSEMBLY OPPOSED TO OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS - DISAFFECTION GROWING OUT OF THE MOVEMENT FOR AN INDEPENDENT STATE IN KENTUCKY -INTEREST OF JAMES MONROE IN THE WEST. CLARK TO JOSEPH LINDSAY, March 5, I782 [Draper MSS., 11J17.-Transcript from Pogue Papers.] FORT NELSON 5th March I782. SIR - - The certain inteligence from Detroit of their intention of Taking this place early in the Spring makes it necessary that we alter our former resolutions' you will please to make immediate preparations for furnishing three hundred Rations of Beef pr day at this post The militia of Lincoln is to March to this the i5th Inst you may take the advantage of their route in getting your first Supply I expect you'll make every necessary arrangement in your Department you are to receive all Major Moore's purchase of Cattle and be accountable for them You will be too busy yourself of course, Depute some person-encourage the people in your Quarter to act Spiritedly-if we repell this invasion they may not expect another - - we are going to Build armed Boats to Station at the Mouth of Miami to dispute the navigation of the Ohio either up or down. Take all the pains you Can to find out and encourage Boat-builders and good workmen to repair to this place immediately, they shall have good wages in hard Money; if you can find experi- enced Ship Carpenters that come immediately he shall have almost what wages he will ask I am Sir your Mt Obedt Servt G. R. CLARK MR. LINDSAY ' The plan of the British had been to attack Fort Pitt but this was given up on account of the report that it was in a good state of defense but that the Falls could easily be reduced. After Colonel Crawford's de- feat, Wheeling became the objective for McKee and Caldwell with their rangers and Indians. Reports of Clark's expedition caused them to return to Sandusky. The march into Kentucky and the Battle of the Blue Licks followed. See introduction, ante, xxxix-li. 43 44 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, March 5, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] FORT NELSON 5th March 1782 --- SIR I wrote to you on the subject of publick affairs in this depart- ment by Mr Carney the I8tJ of FebY which I hope you have received, since which we have received very allarming accounts from the Enemy at Detroit. They, last fall collected Chiefs of the different hostile Tribes of Indians and instructed them not to disturb the Frontiers, and particularly Kentucky until towards Spring, then to form small parties and take prisoners, to hear what was going on, by which Conduct the Country wou'd be off their Guard, that the whole would imbody in the Spring, reduce this post and lay the whole Country waste and make one stroke do for all. They are actually makeing every preparation at Detroit, and the Conduct of the Indians have been agreeable to their direction - - This informa- tion through various channels from the Illinois cannot be doubted and if the defeat of Cornwallis or something similar dont prevent them, we shall certainly have them in great force sometime this Spring - Every preparation is making to counteract them, our greatest dependance is in armed Boats, but cannot fit out a Sufficiency of them in time without the Supplies you promised, and those men- tioned in my last arriving in time. - If it was possible for the Troops with those Articles to arrive sometime in april, I should be under no kind of apprehension of their doing much damage to the Country; but without, the consequences are to be dreaded - Pray Sir, be as liberal as possible in your reinforcements and furnitures: If we can repel this invasion I have no apprehension of their making a second attempt It would be advisable to alarm Colb Dabney' that he might use every precaution on his passage down the River - ' Charles Dabney was commissioned major of the Third Virginia Regi- ment, February 13, 1776, lieutenant colonel of the Second Virginia Regiment, February x6, 1778, retiring September 30, 1778. He served as colonel, Vir- ginia State Regiment, 1778-1781, and in 1781-1782 he commanded the Vir- ginia State Legion. In the fall of 1788 he served as a member of a board appointed to superintend the locating and surveying of the lands set apart for the Virginia troops. FLOYD TO CLARK, MARCH 8, 1782 This inteligence hath occasioned us to alter our former plan of operation, and strengthen ourselves by water as much as possible, as no Vessels they can bring across from the lakes will be able to face such as we can navigate the Ohio with, could we Get furnitures for them - Our dependance is in the exertions of Government of which we rest fully assured --- I have the Honour to be Sir with the utmost respect Your Obedt Servt G. R. CLARK. Cola Davis (To Benj. Harrison, Governor of Virginia.) From G. R. Clark) JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, March 8, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52Jg.-A. L. S.] BEARGRASS 8th MIarch 82 DEAR GEN" I have seen the Field Officers most of the Captains of Militia of this County since I recO your Orders so that I expect the propor- tion you call for will Rendezvous at Fort Nelson by time you men- tioned. It is not in my power at this time to return you the Lists, but we have 370 privates exclusive of those at the Garrisons about the Salt Works who are not Enrolled for want of an Officer; they hav- ing all removed since our Last appointment. What shall I do with such little remote settlemt4 as Hardens I hear they have only fourteen men. I have seen no person yet, qualified for the purpose of Boat- building," except old Mr Asturgus who seems willing even desir- ous of Building one, but has no person about him to wait on his Wounded Son, to do the drudgery about his plantation. I wish 'For the construction of the armed row galleys, see ante, xxxv-xxxvi. 45 46 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS you cou'd get him, as he appears to understand every part of the Business. It will I find be a great mortification to the Inhabitants in gen- eral, if no Post is erected on the Ohio above the Falls. Mr Pyatt I find has a great desire of having some command on Board one of those Vessels, says he can engage some volunteers; if so, you shou'd think him a proper person, perhaps it might answer to employ him in some Business of this kind, otherwise he means to remove to St Vincenne. I am not well acquainted with Mr Pyatt but have been frequently applied to, to solicit you in his favour; therefore hope you'll excuse the liberty I have taken on that head. And am Dear General your most obedt and very hble Servt JN FLOYD Addressed: The Hofible Brigadier Gen' Clark Fort Nelson Endorsed: Col Floyd 8th March 82 JOHN EVANS TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, March 9, 1782 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:89-90.] John Evans, County Lieutenant to Gov: Harrison. MONONGALIA COUNTY March 9th, 1782. "DR SIR, "The murders commited on our Frontiers at such a time of the year, and the repeated applications of our Suffering Inhabitants, Occations me to trouble your Honour, praying that our Situation may be taken, under Consideration as we are few in number and much Exposed. Our fronteers are so Extensive that the few in- habitants there Settled are so scattering that the Enemy murder one part before the others can be alarmed to come to their assistance. Since the State of Pennsylvania have taken place the poor Residue of Virginia are all fronteers. The prayer of the people is that a company or two of Militia may be Ordered to their Relief, otherwise they will be under the necessity of vacating the Country-Colo. Clarke's Expedition fall- FLOYD TO CRITTENDEN, MARCH 22, 1782 ing through, and so many men falling into the Enemies hands have encouraged them so that they are constant in our County-the Strength of our militia does not Exceed three Hundred and fifty and them settled at least Eighty miles in length. x x x x x x I have forbore running the State to the Expence of paying an Express and troubling your Honour 'till I find it will do no longer-the murders committed were early in February when the People were under no apprehension of the Enemy's being in our County. The express I hope may be paid for this trouble and Ex- pence, as I was much put to it to git one, times being so precarious. I have the Honour to be with due Respect c.c. JOHN FLOYD TO JOHN CRITTENDEN, March 22, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52Jio.-A. L. S.] 22d March 1782 DEAR MAJOR. My Brother who goes with the Draughts from Beargrass is a young entirely inexperianced Officer now on his first tour. Therefore any Instruction you'll please to give him so as not to stagger out of the Line of his duty he will receive kind at your Hands. I'm informed by Chenowith that the Men ordered for duty from his CompY refuse to march. I much wish a Guard of Regu- lars Commanded by a Determined reasolute Officer to command the party to be ordered out to conduct them to head Quarters. I refer the Geni to young Crawford a Gent Volunteer for further information, whom I sent to caution those chaps against disobediance of orders. I am with much esteem your Perplexed Friend most obt Servt J N FLOYD Addressed: Major John Crittenden Fort Nelson Endorsed: From Cole To Majr Crittenden RecO 22a March 1782. 47 48 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS COL. WILLIAM DAVIES1 TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, March 23, 1782 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:108-109.] WAR OFFICE March 23d I 782. "SIR I received yesterday from Genl: Clarke, a letter of the 18th of last month. He is very anxious to be joined by Colo: Dabney, and represents that the infantry of the new legion altho' not very numer- ous, would be of infinite service to his operations, and if they should reach him by the first of June, he hopes they will be sufficient to turn the scale. He writes in a very urgent manner for the Cannon your Excellency promised him, but at all events, he says he must have two brass four-pounders. The piece he has is a three-pounder, and this he represents to be too heavy. I am therefore apprehensive that the four pounder we have will be of no service to him, as they are all of them old fashioned heavy French pieces, and weigh nearly as much as the common six-pounders. If there are any here be- longing to the Continent, it perhaps might be as well to take them, as your Excellency has agreed to the exchange of our battering Cannon for lighter. Genl: Clarke writes also for rigging c. for boats, and adds that without them he cannot execute his designs; and that un- less he receives considerable supplies by June, the consequences may be fatal to the Country. How to transport these various articles, together with the clothing appears to me a difficulty not easily over- come. Genl: Clarke seems to think it best, if Col: Dabney's in- fantry is sent, that they should go down the Ohio with the whole of the supplies of every kind, and there are boats belonging to the State now lying in the Red Stone in Monongalia: if Col: Dabney cannot reinforce him the General desires that every thing that can be sent him, and particularly the two brass four pounders, may go by Holston on cars made for the purpose, with a small escort through the wilderness. Mr. Carny, however thinks it impossible. Genl: Clarke recommends this gentleman as very serviceable to him. He attends your Excellency with this Letter and perhaps may afford some information. I shall be happy to receive your further orders, and have the honor to be, Your Excellency's most humble Servant" ' William Davies, son of Samuel Davies, a clergyman, left Princeton in 1765 and entered the army, becoming inspector general under Steuben in 1778. He was afterwards in the auditor's office in Richmond. HARRISON TO CLARK, MARCH 24, 1782 49 GOVERNOR HARRISON TO CLARK, March 24, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, Va. State Archives.] IN COUNCIL March 24th 1782 SIR Your favor of the i8th ulto was delivered yesterday. Our cir- cumstances as to money matters are as wretched as they were when I wrote to you by Major Crittendon, and will continue so 'til the fall, when I hope our prospects will brighten greatly. I am glad the people are pleased to hear, Government intend to be punctual in their money engagements; if they give credit to it why are you in want of necessaries A moments reflection would shew them that it was much more to their advantage to wait a few months for payment and then receive hard money, which all the world allows to be a proper medium of Trade, than to receive Trash immedi- ately that will not be worth half the sum before they can lay it out I will use every means in my power to forward to Fort Pitt the Artillery and necessaries for the Gun boats. Brass Field pieces such as you want I fear cannot be procured. We have only four left and those are old fashioned long guns that weigh as much as modern iron sizes. Our only chance of getting them is from the Continent, which I have directed Colo Davies to attempt. If we obtain them they shall be forwarded with the other things, it being impossible to send them to you by Land of which Mlr Carny will satisfy you. The Plan of obtaining hard money from Orleans might be a good one if flour was plenty and could be got on easy terms, but there are other difficulties and dangers, that I foresee you will have to encounter which will render the plan abortive. Colo Davies was wrong in even hinting to you a probability of Colo Dabney's Legion being sent to your assistance. His whole Corps does not exceed two hundred and fifty men and these have our extensive coasts to guard. We have at present a large Body of French amongst us, but they must soon leave us on some offensive operations, when we shall be left to defend ourselves. How in- competent we are to this in our present situation last years experi- ence teaches us. I shall say nothing on the subject of offensive operations in your 50 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS quarter. The Assembly have interdicted it, which is a sufficient in- junction of silence to me. They meet early in May, when it is probable they will again take up the subject. I shall most readily communicate my Sentiments to you on any matters that may occur, and shall be glad to hear from you by every convenient opportunity. I am W BENJ HARRISON. WILLIAM DAVIES TO GOVERNOR HARRISON, March 25, 1782 [Cal. of PIa. State Papers, 3:1io.] COL: DAVIES TO THE GOVERNOR. WAR OFFICE March 25th 1782 "SIR There are Six 6-pounders, and four 3s, all of brass, belonging to the Continent, now at manchester. The three pounders will prob- ably answer Genl: Clarkes purpose fully, though I suppose he will not require more than two of them, especially as by the order of Council, all of his regular troops are to be consolidated into two Companies of Infantry. I mention this the more particularly, as I shall send out the order of Council by Mr. Carny, and unless the Executive make some alterations in it, Genl: Clarke will be obliged to dismiss all his Officers of Artillery, and those of the infantry will be incapable of managing the pieces properly, at least 'till this cam- paign is over, and probably they will not understand their business until then. The other three-pounders at Manchester, will answer extremely well for Captain Roane's company in the regular legion, and are much better adapted to the nature of a light Corps, than the heavy pieces we have of our own. As no application of mine to the Continental Commissaries of military Stores will be effectual to procure them, I must beg the favour of your Excellency to give an Order for them, should you approve of the measure. I have the honor to be, c" DALVIES TO CLARK, APRIL 6, 1782 BENJAMIN HARRISON TO COL. ISAAC ZANE,' March 25, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1781, p. 84.] COLO ISAAC ZANE. IN COUNCIL March 25th 1782 SIR We are called on by Genl Clark for an immediate Supply of Artillery, and the necessary Stores for them to fit out four gun boats, and have no resource or means of complying with the request, but in your patriotism, which I hope and trust is too great to suffer a disappointment, particularly as the Defence and safety of the Country about the Ohio, in a great measure depend on it. The expense will not be great as four Carronades, howitzers or four pound cannon, and a few swivels and the different kinds of shot are all that is wanted and your Assistance to have them transported to red- stone Creek when ready The bearer will accompany them and stay in your neighborhood for that purpose. I need not tell you that the Treasury is at present without Cash. You know that too well, but I will assure you of being paid as soon as we are able which will be in the fall. I refer you to Colo Davies who will also write you a more particular Account of what is wanted. I am c BENJ HARRISON WILLIAM DAVIES TO CLARK, April 6, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52Jx2.-L. S.] WAR OFFICE, April 6th 1782 SIR, I take this opportunity of acknowledging the receipt of your letter by Mr Carney. I have been labouring to afford you every assistance which an almost empty treasury could enable us to do. To you who know the difficulties which attend the support of such 1 Colonel Isaac Zane, son of a man of the same name who had come to Frederick County, Virginia, from Pennsylvania, established a foundry at Cedar Creek near the present village of Marlboro. He soon became an important member of the community, residing at his works only part of the time and living sometimes at Stephensburg, sometimes at Winchester. He was an ardent patriot, and was a member of the Virginia conventions of 1775 and 1776, also of the first general assembly meeting at Williamsburg under the new constitution of r776. He was commissioned colonel of the Virginia line but apparently did not serve in the field, his iron works being of great importance to the army. He was a member of the assembly again in 1785, and of the Virginia convention of 1788 which ratified the con- stitution. He died in 1795, leaving a large estate. 5 1 52 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS distant operations, I need not recount the thousand obstructions which unavoidably interfere, but when the consideration occurs of the total want of money, you must form very moderate expectations of the assistance we shall be able to afford. I have, however, had the good fortune to procure for you two light brass three pounders one hundred and fifty coats, a hundred pair of overalls, two hun- dred shirts, about the same number of stockings, double the quantity of shoes and a parcel of hats. I cannot ascertain any of the articles with exactness, as many of them are to be collected on the rout between Richmond and Red Stone, as it was impracticable to send them to you by land, , indeed, as it is, we shall leave the other troops exceedingly distressed, as we shall be obliged to deprive them of almost every waggon to get the stores to Red Stone. I have wrote to Colb Zane and so has the Governor for some light howitzer carronades for the gun boats, as they are certainly the best for your purpose. As for rigging I am unable to give you much hopes. We are at a loss to ascertain how much would answer your purpose but the principal difficulty is how to procure it. We must, however, send you some of the canvass we have, which I fear is too thick, and we must add, if we can possibly get it at Winchester, or Fort Pitt, some thinner or strong country linnen. I wish it had been in our power to afford you more substantial support but by some inattention in the Assembly, by one general inadvertent ex- pression in a law passed at the close of the session, they destroyed the whole fund of tobacco, upon which alone the Commercial Agent founded his contracts; and as by their revenue act no money will get into the treasury before November, you may judge of the ex- treme poverty of our situation. In my letter by Major Crittenden I intimated that my good wishes should not be wanting to give you at least a part of Colonel Dabney's Legion, as a reinforcement. Government, however, think it an impracticable expedient, as the state would be entirely defenceless upon the movement of the French troops, which we may expect will shortly take place. It will be unnecessary in me to request your particular attention to the preser- vation of the cloathing I shall send. I know from long experience in service, that a rigid severity towards the officers for the neglects of their men is the only mode to preserve the men in any tolerable DAVIES TO CLARK, APRIL 6, 1782 order. I hope you will pardon the observation, as from every ac- count, some of the inferior officers in their detached commands through that extensive country, have, I fear, taken the advantage of their remote situation from your immediate presence, and suf- fered the most ruinous waste and abuses to take place. I am the more solicitous on this head, as I can assure you, the readiness with which the future supplies for the western country will be furnished, must unavoidably be governed by the prudence and oeconomy mani- fasted in their expenditure, and the care and punctuality in their preservation and in the settlement of their accounts. Should you be able to find a leisure moment occasionally, I must beg the favor of you to exercise your authority in making every military depart- ment lay a full and distinct account of their whole conduct before you, for it is a great deal better to prevent a mischief than to punish it. Mr Carney tells me, that it is not usual for the Commissaries to demand receipts for the articles they issue, but look upon the orders as their vouchers. I told Mr Carney I should suggest this matter to you, that a stop might be put to this practice, which opens the door to every imposition. In the Continental army, indeed, we carry our precautions so far as not to admit figures in receipts, but the whole must be expressed in letters, and signed by some commis- sioned officer, whenever it can be done with propriety. Inclosed are several papers of consequence to the arrangements of the different corps under your command. The Assembly have, you will observe, ordered that some discrimination should be made between such supernumerary officers as have misbehaved or been in service for a short time, and those who have been meritorious. Many have withheld themselves from duty and conducted themselves in such a manner as to make it proper that a trial should pass upon them before they are to be admitted to the emoluments of super- numerary officers. I must request you to take the most proper mode for pointing out such, as also to have the design of the in- closed papers executed, as far as your circumstances will possibly admit and make a report to me. Mr Carney has been extremely diligent and faithful to you, and seems most zealously disposed to promote your interest and that of the troops under your command, and has been extremely servicable 53 54 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS in procuring the stores. I have directed Colonel Todd to apply all the specifics, or the money arising from the sale of them, as you shall think best for the interest of the service. I am, Sir, with great respect your most obed Servt WILLIAM DAVIES. Duplicate. Addressed: Gen. Clarke Commanding on the Ohio "Recd July 20'h 82 (pr) Maj. Walls." JOHN FLOYD TO JOHN MAY, April 8, I 782 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.] ' JEFFERSON the 8th of April I782. DEAR SIR. The Savages began their Hostilities early in February, and are constantly ravaging the most Interior parts of the County, which makes it impossible for any one Settlement to assist another. Even the populous parts of Lincoln are infested, from the Number of Horses already taken off by them, it is notorious to every capacity that their design is, to disable the Inhabitants from removing, untill their present intended Campaign from Detroit against Fort Nelson can be carried into effect. This design is communicated to us thro' three different channels, so well authenticated that it can not be doubted: and the Conduct of the Enemy ever since last Fall coin- cides exactly with the Information. One fourth of the Militia is called for by Gen! Clark for the purpose of Fortifying the Fort against a Seige; but from the immediate danger in which every one conceives his own Family, the Authority of Militia Officers at such a distance from Governmt growing every day weaker weaker, and the new invented Ideas of a Separate State, calculated on purpose for disaffection an Evasion of duty, are so many causes to retard this necessary Business, and seems to threaten us on all sides with Anarchy, Confusion, I may add Destruction. But even to sup- 'I secured this letter in Richmond but the original is not now in the files. It is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3 :12x-a22, but has been over-edited. FLOYD TO MAY, APRIL 8, 1782 pose that the Works can be completed before the Arrival of the Enemy, it is then impossible that Gen' Clark with the inconsider- able number of Troops He now has can defend it: and a Dependance on Militia scattered over three extensive Counties under the Cir- cumstances before mentioned, is depending upon a very great un- certainty; especially when the Enemy have all the advantages of a heavy Current from high up the Miamia to the very place of their destination. they can float from the Mouth of that River to the Falls in less than thirty Hours. And to suppose that our Spies should discover their approach as high up as Mliamia, it will then take eight days at least before we can be collected if we were under the Strictest Military Subordination. Should no reinforcements arrive in May, if Genl Clark be obliged to Evacuate his post rather than suffer such a Quantity of Military Stores to fall into the Hands of the Enemy, and the whole Indian Army let loose among the scattered Inhabitants unprepared to receive them, what must be the Consequence Is it not evident that the whole must fall a Sacrifice As a Means of averting the Storm which is gather- ing against us, preventing those fatal Consequences, your imme- diate Interposition with the Legislative Body with the Governor Council; is now called for by every Inhabitant of Jefferson County. This is our last Effort; and your Exertions on this Occasion may possibly save our Families from the Hands of merciless Savages. You are sensible from your own knowledge of this Western Country that no place can be better calculated for the purpose of carrying on the Indian War against (if I may use the Expression) the Interior Frontiers of this State than the Falls of the Ohio. Its Situation is exactly centrical to the Northern, South- ern, Western Tribes. The distance to Holston, Clinch, New River, Green Brier, c very trifling. Their Supplies already here provided, the Communication to the British Posts in Canady very safe and easy. I would further observe that if this Country must be laid waste, which nothing but an early reinforcement or an Acci- dent can prevent; those Settlements above mentioned must once more experience the disadvantages of a Savage War, must contend with more than ten times the Number which have heretofore visited their Borders - One who is unacquainted with the true Situation of this 55 56 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS County, also with me, might probably conclude that those reflec- tions might proceed from Timidity. But you are acquainted with both and can Judge whether it is so or not. Our whole strength at this Time is three hundred seventy Men, and who according to the best calculations I can make, have about Eight Hundred fifty helpless Women Children to take care of, very generally deprived of every possible means of remov- ing back to the Settlement. This is at present as just a State of this County as I am able to give you, only I omitted to mention that this number of men were exclusive of the small remains of the Illinoise Regement. WVho am Dear Sir with much respect your very hble Servd JN FLOYD To JOHN MAY ESQ WILLIAM DAVIES TO CLARK, April 10, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J17.-A. L. S.] WAR OFFICE Apr. 10 82. SIR -I had the honor to write you a few days ago by Mr May a duplicate of which I have sent by your brother. I now embrace this opportunity to inform you that Mr Carney has completed, tho' in a partial manner, the principal objects of his journey, and I have been able to send you a little of almost every thing you wrote for, except men. I must refer you to him for information on many points which perhaps you may wish to enquire about, and shall con- fine myself at this time to suggest to you that from the impossibility of transporting the travelling carriages of the three pounders we have been obliged to forward to you no more than the trails and hind wheels. This I came into the sooner, because by shortening the trail and fastening the shafts to it, and by having the ammuni- tion boxes made longer and deeper but narrower, you will be able to spare a great part of the axle tree, so as to have the wheels a great deal closer together; by which means you will make it very easy for one horse to draw, as well as much more convenient for the woods, than when there were four wheels and those much wider apart, from the axle trees' being so much longer. The pieces which General Morgan had with his light infantry were fitted in the man- NEVILLE TO CLARK, APRIL 14, 1782 ner I propose, and, were infinitely more convenient than in any other way. As a great part of the exorbitant expenditures in the western country has arisen from the licentious practices and abuse of power exercised by commanding officers of separate posts, under the mis- taken idea that their quality of commandant entitled them to order and dispose of the stores at their posts as they should think best, 1 must beg leave to suggest that the low state of our finances at pres- ent will not admit of any such pretensions in the officers under you, and I must request that you will issue the most pointed instructions to restrain any such unwarrantable claims, and to put it out of the power of the commanding officer to draw from the magazines a single article, but what by a previous estimate of your own, you may think necessary for the maintenance of the post; and even of those stores, which you may think proper to subject to this order, it will be highly necessary to make frequent scrutiny as to the appli- cation and propriety of distribution. These steps are taken in all armies in a greater or lesser degree, and in no part of the world can it be more necessary than in your remote situation -I wish you every success in the midst of your difficulties. I beg you to be assured of my desire to co-operate with you as far as in my power. I have the honor to be with respectful esteem your very obed Servt WILLIAM DAVIES JOHN NEVILLE' TO CLARK, April 14, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52Jx8.-A. L. S.] WOODVILLE IAtb April I782 DEAR GENERAL I arrived at Woodville The day you Lift Whelan [Wheeling] I was very sorry I had not the Pleasure of seeing you before set out upon your Expedition, and am also sorry you had to Deal with such a Set of Rascals as was is in this Part of the Country I mean the leading men of Washington a[nd] Westmoreland Counties, ' Colonel John Neville accompanied Washington on the expedition with Braddock and afterwards settled in the West near Pittsburgh. During the Revolution he served as colonel of the Fourth Virginia Regiment. 57 58 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Who I am informed did every thing in their power to prevent your Campaign, I have had at least forty Quarrels on the subject some- times they made you a Flour Marchant at Other times a Land Jober and Trader for the State of Virginia c c -and tho I am unfortunate enough to fall in to Pensylvania I shall Live and Die in the Interest of Virginia, They have brought a number of Suits in Washington Court agt Col2 Cox for his assistance to you and it was once expected he would be ruined, but two or three suits are determined in his favor, which perhaps will be a precedent for the rest Those very people who refused to go with you turned out in large bodies this winter and kill'd ninty odd of the poor Moravian Indians,1 the Greatest part women and Children, and another party fell on the Indians at Fort pitt and put five to Death and wounded the sixth who is since Dead and now threatens Colb Gibson his Squaw and Children I am now the very Frontier and expect a very Troublesome Summer- M"' Nevill recd your kind Letter from Whelan and is Greatly Obliged to you for the friendly Advice you Gave her, and found the Times Turned out Just as you Mentioned-your Brother and my perticular Friend Jonn is Married to Miss Hite I hope he may be as happy as any man in the world he justly Merits it - Should you ever Come into this Quarter again I hope without ceremony you will make my Cottage your home for be assured my Dear Gen- eral no man Regards the name of Clarke more than my self M- Nevill and the Girls present their Compliments to you and Except the Same your Hum Sert JOHN NEVILL Addressed: The Honb e Brigdr Gen' George Clark Favored by Capt Oldham. JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, April 15, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52Ji9.-A. L. S.] I5th April 1782 DEAR GENERAL Agreeable to your wish I've sent for Mr McGee who will be conveyed to you to day by Capt Whittaker. I wish to know your 'For the attack on the Moravian Indians, see ante xxxvii-xxxix. TODD TO HARRISON, APRIL 15, 1782 determination with regard to his Tryal whether by Regular or Militia Officers I think the Act you have mentions that Militia are to be tried by Militia Officers tho' I wish you to act in the Matter as you think best. I've sent you all the Letters or Ansr I can get from Colb Cox. but I have reason to believe this Affair will have a very good effect on the Minds of People in that Quarter. I am D Genl yours affectionately JN FLOYD Addressed: Hofible Gen' Clark F Nelson Capt Whittaker Endorsed: Col. Floyd 15th ApI JOHN TODD, JR., TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, April I 5, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' LEXINGTON 15th April 1782 MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY The Inhabitants of Fayette County have been so harrassed this Spring by the Indians that I was for some time apprehensive that the whole County wd be evacuated as panicks of that Kind have proved very catching and the fate of the Neighbouring Garrisons at Licking last year was fresh in their Minds. The only plan I could devise to prevent it sufficiently secure the provisions laid up at Bryants this place was to build a new Fort upon a very advan- tageous Situation at this place make it proof against Swivels small Artilery which soiterrify our people. I laid off the Fort upon the simplest plan of a Quadrangle divided the work equally among four of the most pushing men with a Bastion to each authorizing them to employ Workers from this the neighbouring Stations assuring them of their pay myself. On the Faith of such assurances considerable Sums of Money have been lent advanced to the Work- men so that the Work in about 20 Days has been nearly completed in a Workman like manner The Gate is nearly finished the Magazine contracted for. The whole Expence amounts to pound;11,341.io as will appear by the Account herewith sent. It is in vain for me to assure your Excellency that Diligence Oeconomy has been be [sic] used in this Business as the Work so abuntlay 1This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:130-131, with punctuation edited. 59 6o ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS proves it I believe four times the Expence never before made for the publick a Work equal to this. An Emulation among the Over- seers Rewards in Liquors to the Men proved powerful Incentives to Industry. Being a Charge of an uncommon Nature I thought proper to present it to your Excellency the Council being better Judges of the Necessity Expediency of the Work than the Audit- ors, who are probably unacquainted with the Circumstances of this Country. By either of our Delegates your Excellency May have an Oppor- tunity of transmitting the Money I have the Honor to be with the greatest respect your Excel- lency's Mo. obedient humble Servant JNO TODD JR JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, April 17, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J2o.-A. L. S.] I7th April 1782 DEAR GENERAL. I shall in consequence of your Letter Order a Court Martial to sit at Fort Nelson on Saturday next, for the Tryal of McGee others; I have found Law enough I believe to inflict all the punish- ment he deserves. I shall send for Mundal to day. I shall also send another party over Salt River on Monday next, as there are yet two Gent some where about the Rolling Fork who must take shelter (if you please) in your Guard House for a few days. I am glad you mentioned the Spies as I am anxious to have them sent out, will try before I come down on Saturday, who will undertake the Business that may be depended on; your Bond will not be refused. I think Capt Owens at the Falls would answer the purpose of one exactly if will go. I am Dear Genl with the utmost regard your most Obdt very hble Servt JN FLOYD Addressed: General Clark at Fort Nelson By Serjeant Ross Endorsed: Co! Floyd I 17th Ap' 1782. MONTGOMERY TO WEBB, APRIL 23, 1782 VIRGINIA TREASURY, April 22, 1782 [Cal. of Va. Slate Papers, 3:I33.] WAR OFFICE, April 22d, I782. Col: Davies informs the Executive that Major Harding is will- ing to supply boats on the Ohio for Genl: Clarke, if the money can be furnished to pay for them. The Governor replies from the Council Chamber, "I am sorry to inform you that we have but 4.5. in the Treasury, and no means of getting any more." JOHN MONTGOMERY TO GEORGE WEBB, April 23, 1782 [Va. State Library.-A. L. S.]' RICHMOND, April 23, 1782 SIR, Agreeable to your Request I have over looket my recets and find onlay two Recepts for Bills of Exchange drawn on Mr. Olliver polick the one in favour of Mr. Lefang the first to the amount of three thousand five hundred dollars and there Apears to be yet two other Bills drawn on the treasury of Virginia for This the one in favour of Mr. perault in behalf of Oliver polick for which I Refer you to Capt John Dodges Bookes where you will see the amount of the Articles the Use the were applied to the amount of Betwixt Eight and nine thousand Dollars at which time the trupes must Either Avacuated the Cuntrey and run the Risk of Starving on their gunney if I had not a maid that purchas, The other in favour of Mr. Molvost to the amount of upward of three thousand Dol- lars the Exct Sum I Cant Certify By the Reason I had the Mis- fortune to Loose the Acount By Being oversit in the Masecipi. the Reason of my giving the Bill in favour of Molvost I was ordered to go in an expedition to Opee one hundred and forty Leagues By orders from General Clark where I was obliged to purchase Botes provision for three hundred and fifty men could not Git them on Eny other tarms, you may think hard of the Bill Being so high But notwithstanding the Sum we were Constrained to eate our Horses on our Return after fasting five days. Which I did Cherfuley in behalf of my Cuntrey Had I made 'Printed in Alvord, Kaskaskia Records (I. H. C., 5), 197-198. 62 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS a forton in the time people mout had Reason to Suspected me But to the Contreary I have spent one or at least my all But am in hopes to Be Eable to Live a poor and privet Life after wards. it is now almost fore years That I have not Receive one shilling from Goverment Not Withstanding I advanced Every Shilling I had straned my Credit till it Became Shred Bear Rather than draw Bills on the State Still in hopes of som fund Being sent to seport the trupes But at Last was Compeld to it. I now ow two hun- dred pounds in the Illinois Which they have my obligation for for the seport of the trups that was Left under my Command. there will apear a Large number of Bills drawn Which Mentions so much money advanced me for the Recruiting Sarvis the Bounty for one hundred men at Seven hundred and fiftey dollors Each Agreable to an act of Asembley for which I hope will Be Honoured as the Men are now for during the War and Bills drawn for pro- visions I have sent you an abstract By Major Crittington This I Certify to be a trew State of the mater And if aneything Else a pears it must Be a counterfit and I have the honour sir to Be your humble sarvt JOHN MONTGOMERY. [Addressed:] Honb. George Webb ARTHUR CAMPBELL TO WILLIAM DAVIES, April 25, I782 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:138.] WASHINGTON Co., April 25th, 1782. "SIR Your letter of the 4th Instant, with one of prior date from his Excellency the governor, came to hand, both of which discourage us in our operations against our Savage enemies. The want of money is a bad thing: but good advice from wise heads was at least expected. It is not the fault of the people, our being at war with the neighbouring Savages. They have struck the first blow, and are not going to desist until the terms of war are carried to their own Country. It is then only that they will be induced to sign a truce. The South Carolina men, with a determination that reflects honour on them, has lately penetrated the Indian Country on the CLARK TO HARRISON, MaY 2,1782 sources of the Mobile. The last account received by a friendly Cherokee from the Tenassee, a large Detachment was in a critical situation: we were to have cooperated with them, which would have made the work easy: but for want of the energy of Govern- ment, we failed in our effort. The Northward Indians has form'd an intercourse with the unfriendly Cherokees and continues their depredations, both on the frontiers of this and Montgomery County, leaving traces of real distress wherever their parties penetrates. In the Kentuckey County the scene is likely to be more bloody- Genl: Clarke writes me that we will have a least one thousand more Indians added to our Enemies, this year than last, if measures are not taken early this spring to divert or crush their confederacys. Pardon this intrussion! I am insensibly led into discussions to men living in security, which may let affecting scenes pass with indiffer- ence. I have a predilection for my native Country. It hurts me sorely to hear her Government despised, and her citizens destroyed by the Enemy. I am Sir, with Esteem, your very h'ble Serv'nt." WILLIAM DAVIES TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, April 27, 1782 [Cal. of Fa. State Papers, 3 :143.] COL: DAVIES TO THE EXECUTIVE. WAR OFFICE April 27th 1782. Enclosing a letter from Genl: Clarke just to hand, directed "by Express" but "was picked up in the road," urging immediate attention to the "article of Boats" - c referring also to a com- munication from Col: Dabney, in regard to Capt: Armistead, who will be very serviceable to him, "and is contented to wait till the County can pay him" for his services - CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, May 2, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' FORT NELSON 2d May 1782 - - SIR Inclosed is a copy of my last to Cola Davis, The apprehension of the designs of the Detroit Gentry on this Country is reduced ' This letter is printed with some variations in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:x5o- 63 64 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS to a certainty. They have their eye on this and the Spanish Illinois, if they carry their point its consequence is obvious. We are taking every measure our policy dictate to us, to put the depart in as good a position of defence as our circumstances will permit - A late con- fusion among the Inhabitants, occasioned, I believe by some Emis- saries from the Northward; hath retarded our progress in business considerably: but by the extertions of many of the principal Officers of the Country that deserve credit, we are like to reduce the people to subordination, in short they begin to suspect those that first con- fused them was their greatest Enemies: I believe in a short time it will be dangerous for a man to speak of New Government in this Quarter, except among a small party of blackguards, The body of the people now seem to be allarmed for fear Virginia will-give up their interest-There is a formidable fortress that will soon be compleated at this post, but my greatest dependence is in block- ing up the Ohio at the mouth of Miami with Gallies- we have two Gondolas ready to mount, and a Gally on the Stocks that will be furnished in about twenty days, that I think will do the business: She is seventy three feet Keel, calculated for the Navigation of the Ohio, to have forty oars, one hundred and ten Men; one six, six fours and a two pounder is her proposed metal: We have great dependence on the Cannon you promised us arriving in time, have lately received some encouraging reports respecting them-We arranged our business on as small a Scale as possible to promise success-You may judge from your own circumstances the Citua- tion of our Credit - If the Country can be saved from the impend- ing blow, a rememberance of our past anxiety and trouble will give plesure-Let our fate be what it will, I flatter myself that your Excellency will find that your business has been well attended to in this Quarter-If we should be so fortunate as to repel this in- vasion without too great a loss to ourselves the Indians will all scatter to their different Countries and give a fair oppertunity for a valuable stroke to be made among them -if you was to think it advisable to order about five hundred Militia from Washington and Montgomery Counties to rendezvous at Kentucky the first of July, it might probably be attended with valuable consequences- Their fate depends on that of this Country, and I should suppose HARRISON TO HOUSE OF BURGESSES, 1782 65 good policy wou'd require a body of them should immediately march to the support of this -My last letter will give you a full Idea of the Indian department, the body of Indians on the Ouabache have not yet declared War, I expect it to take place at the Grand Council this month at the Ouian - - [Ouiatenon] I am Sir. with the utmost respect Your Obedt Servt G R CLARK His EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOUR OF VIRGINIA BENJAMIN HARRISON TO THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES, Mlay 6, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, Va. State Archives.] IN COUNCIL May 6, I782 - - - General Clarke by his last Letters expects a powerful attack this Spring on Kentucky from Detroit; his information comes from Ilinois, and he thinks it may be depended on. We have sent him Artillery stores down the Ohio; I hope they will get to him in time, but in this as in everything else we have been greatly obstructed by our poverty. The inhabitants of Monongahela, Montgomery and Green Briar are in great distress; many families have been either killed or carried off, the earliness of the attack gives them reason to apprehend it is only a prelude to what they have to expect, that tho' mischief has been done, it was rather by reconnoitring parties coming before a much more powerful invasion, than intended as anything serious. a sufficient number of men have been ordered out to protect the Country for the present, more will be sent if there should be occasion. The expence attending these various parties will when brought into an aggregate sum amount to some- thing considerable when the losses of our people are taken into the account probably to more than would have been sufficient, to have set on Foot, two or three expeditions against these restless savages have answered the purpose of protecting the Country much more effectually. I do not think a just idea of the expence of carrying on such a war, can be formed from what has hitherto been done, where parade ostentatious shew, seems to have pre- 66 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS vailed, all which should be discountenanced, provision might be laid up in different parts of the Frontiers in the fall which could be procur'd in commutation for money taxes. when this was done a sufficient number of Militia could be marched to either or all of these posts in a very short time, to make a sudden attack on such nations of Indians as were the most troublesome, which repeated two or three times would bring them to reason or force them to quit their Country altogether and settle at so great a distance from us as to put it out of their power to annoy us much. I give this Opinion with diffidence, yet think it worthy of consideration. Your most obedient most humble Servant BENJ HARRISON. JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, May I2, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J21.-A. L. S.] May I2th 1782. DEAR GENERAL. The Inhabitants of the Spring Station [are] so much alarmed by the late damage they have sustained by the Enemy that they think they cannot [plant] their Corn without a small Guard of about [MS. torn] for one Week they promise if you can [send] them so far that the Time shall be made [up] Working at the Fort after they finish planting I shall this Week have all the Houses in the Neighbourhood searched for Hemp ; [MS. torn] of some but the Quantity very inconsiderable; [hope to] receive a few lb from one of the Men who was [MS. torn] you for the Guard. I've employed some Hands to make Ropes of poppaw Bark which they assure me if properly managed is as good as Hemp; at any rate I will have it tried wish to know the [amount of] the Cordage Wanted. The Bark I am [told] must be ten days in Water before it is fit for use. I wrote to Col9 Cox yesterday to hasten the militia over, I can't conceive what detains them so long. I have indulg'd those in this Quarter who is indigent untill [MS. torn] finishes planting but the next Tour I shall send a considerable reinforcemt FLOYD TO CLARK, JUNE 16, 1782 I am desirous of seeing you will try to come down towards the last of the Week, after a tryal is made to procure what Hemp is in the Neighbourhood. I am Dear Genl with perfect Esteem Your most Obdt ServO JN FLOYD JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, June i6, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J2.-A. L. S.] i6th June, I782 DEAR GENERAL. Yours of to day I have received; shall in consequence of the Contents thereof, order one half of the Militia on Beargrass at the Falls to your assistance to morrow, to be relieved by the other half next Thursday Morning. I am under some embarrassment on this occasion having before hinted to some of the people that they would not be again ordered out untill each Division had served a Tour; but as you observe the Necessity of finishing your Fortifi- cation is too obvious to admit of any Delay I am happy to hear that the Gally is likely to ansr your expec- tation. It will be no small addition to the safety of this Country. My Rope makers are slow, but the last they have made answers my expectation fully: about thirty Fathom Pr day of good Cordage I think will be made untill we have enough. No discoveries of the Approach of the Enemy can be discovered about the Kentuckey or Drennens Lick or on the Ohio below. I am Dear Gent with the highest esteem your most Obdt and very hble Servt JN FLOYD Addressed: Brigadier Gen! Geo. R. Clark Fort Nelson Pr Express Endorsed: Col9 Floyd dated i6th June 1782- 67 68 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JAMES MONROE TO CLARK, June 26, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J23.-A. L. S.] RICHMOND June 26 1782 SIR, I take ye liberty tho' a stranger to address a few lines to you to make an offer of a correspondence. The rank you hold in ye western country the reputation you have deservedly acquir'd for ability propriety of conduct in ye general manag'ment direction of affairs in that quarter, I candidly own are my motives to this proposal. I wish to correspond with you upon the gene affairs of that country as well the means of supporting yQ operations there, a detail of yQ operations themselves with the principles motives wb severally lead to each, as the progress of society, y9 increase of settlements, ye ability of yQ people to protect themselves, yr resources of y9 country in every degree of produce or trade the prospect they have of attaining ye rank at a future day of independence to w4 all generous enterprising people aspire. As I have a par- ticular respect for ye exertions of these people admire esteem them for that spirit of enterprise w4 has so eminemtly distinguished them during ye progress operations of things under you in that quarter shod be happy to render them any service w4 my situa- tion in ye councils of ye state may put in my power, when well in- form'd of ye temper tendency of things there, so as to have some fix'd principle to act on I have taken y9 liberty to propose these sub- jects as the ground work of a correspondence. As I am altogether a stranger to you it may be necessary to inform you I am at present a member of yr Council shall most probably continue in that office for three years. I have been educated to ye law my interest connections are at present in this part of ye country but have some thoughts of turning my attention toward vr quarter perhaps some- time hence removing thither myself. I wish our correspondence to be private as it shall be on my part conducted with intire con- fidence in you, so I wish you to do it in confidence that I shall be happy from yr opinion I have of yr merit to pay yr greatest atten- tion to whatever you may propose which may tend to promote ye publick interest be honorable advantageous to you. I shall not inform Mr May of my correspondence with you but believe he will be able to give you any information on my subject you wod CARNEY TO DAVIES, JULY 5, 1782 wish to obtain. As I said above I wish our correspondence to be private for ye particular regulation of w4 however I shall expect some instructions from you with w4 I shall be happy to comply. I am with great respect esteem yr very humble servant JAB MONROE Addressed: Brigr Gen] GeQ Rogers Clarke commanding ye troops on ye western frontier MARTIN CARNEY TO WILLIAM DAVIES, July 5, 1782 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3 :206.] "REDSTONE OLD FORT" July 5th 1782. About the i6th of June he rec'd his of the 2d May giving ac- count of the "dangerous situation that the Kentucky Country was in," by the incursions of the Enemy, but he could not have made more haste than he did, had his own life been at stake. The Guard promised him by Col: Joseph Nevill of Hampshire Co. to go down the river, never came nor has he heard one word from him Since. Since his arrival at Redstone Fort he has been employed in drying and repacking the Stores damaged by the bad conduct of the Waggoners, in his absence. Major John Harden has built a flat bottomed Boat in which to proceed down the river, but neither Major Walls or Lieut. Clarke or himself have a penny of money, a pound of provisions, or a man to "pull an oar;" and it will be im- possible to move until the water rises. He will leave for the Falls of Ohio at the earliest opportunity, but cannot risk the stores with- out further orders, having now to keep constant guard over them in person. Hopes assistance will soon be sent him. The Credit of the State worth nothing in that County, and but for Col: Hardins' furnishing him with provisions, he could not have subsisted. He had sent to Pittsburg to Genl: Irwin for assistance, but Col: Wall just from that place failed to get the aid needed to forward the articles down the River. 69 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS CLARK TO CAPTAIN ROBERT PATTERSON, July 5, 1782 [Draper MSS., 3gJi.-Copy.]' FORT NELSON, 5th July, 1782. SIR: Yours came to hand yesterday pr the Express. I approve of your staying at the Lick on acct of getting prove The want of workmen has occasioned the delay of the Galley so long; however, she is nearly finisW' at present, and will set off tomorrow evening for the m9 of Kentucky. You will, therefore, repair to the Ohio, and move slowly down till you fall in with her. I shall send other instructions with the Galley, which renders any thing more at present unnecessary. I am, Sir, with respect, Your mQ hb s, (Signed) G. R. CLARK CAPT. ROBERT PATTERSON, on the Kentucky. pr Express. 'This document was contributed by Dr. Louise Phelps Kellogg of the Wisconsin Historical Society. 70 CHAPTER III EXPEDITION OF COLONEL WILLIAM CRAWFORD AGAINST THE INDIAN TOWNS ON THE UPPER SANDUSKY, JULY 6, 1782-AUGUST 6, 1782 ORGANIZATION FOR CRAWFORD'S EXPEDITION AT FORT Pirr-DEFEAT OF COL- ONEL CRAWFORD-RETALIATORY EXPEDITION DEMANDED BY THE INHAB- ITANT OF THE UPPER OHIO. WILLIAM CROGHAN' TO WILLIAM DAVIES, July 6, I782 [Draper MSS., z1S61-65.] FORT PITT, June [July] 6th, I 782. DEAR COLONEL: [Speaks of having been captured May I2th 1780, at Charleston, greatly wishes to be exchanged.]2 Gen. Irvine commands at this post, where he has so few Conti- nental troops (about 200 for duty) that 'tis not in his power to go from the garrison against the Indians, who are daily committing murders through this country. The Pennsylvania militia formed an expedition against the Indians about three months ago; but in- stead of going against the enemies of the country, they turned their thoughts on a robbing, plundering, murdering scheme, on our well- known friends, the Moravian Indians, all of whom they met they in the most cool and deliberate manner (after living with them ap- parently in a friendly manner for three days) men, women chil- dren, in all ninety three, tomahawked, scalped burned, except one boy, who after being scalped made his escape to the Delaware Indians (relations of the Moravians) who have ever since been exceeding cruel to all prisoners they have taken. About six weeks ago, 500 volunteers of this country, commanded 'Major William Croghan was a nephew of Colonel George Croghan who served as Indian agent under Sir William Johnson. At the outbreak of the Revolution, he was appointed captain of infantry in the Virginia Line. During 1778 he was promoted to the rank of major. He was captured by the British at Charleston in 2780 but was paroled. In 1784 he went to Kentucky and shortly afterwards married Lucy, the sister of George Rogers Clark. ' This summary appears in the copy of the document in the Draper MSS. The transcript is in Draper's handwriting. 71 72 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS by (our old) Colonel William Crawford, went on an expedition against the Indian towns' -- - the men behaved amiss (were coward- ly) no more than about ioO having fought the Indians, who came out from their towns to meet them --- the firing continued at long shot with rifles for near two days --- the second evening our party broke off retreated in the most disorderly manner --- Colonel Crawford and a few others, finding the men would pay no atten- tion to orders, were going on coolly in the rear, leaving the road in case the Indians should pursue, until the second day when they thought they might venture on the road, but before they had marched two miles, a body of Indians fell in between them and the rear of the party, took them prisoners. We had no certainty of this unhappy affair until yesterday, when Doctor Knight, who was taken with Crawford, came into the garrison in the most deplorable con- dition man could be in and be alive. He says that the second day after they were taken, they were carried to an Indian town, stripped and then blacked, and made to march through the Indians, when men, women, children beat them with clubs, sticks, fists, c., in the most cruel manner. Colb Crawford and the Doctor were con- fined together all night; the next day they were taken out, blacked again, and their hands tied behind their backs, when Col. Crawford was led by a long lope to a high stake, to the top of which the rope about the Colonel was tied; all around the stake a great quantity of red hot coals were laid, on which the poor Colonel was obliged to walk barefoot, and at the same time the Indians firing squibs of powder at him, while others poked burning sticks on every part of his body; thus they continued torturing him for about two hours, when he begged of Simon Girty, a white renegade who was standing by, to shoot him, when the fellow said "Don't you see I have no gun." --- Some little time after they scalped him, struck him on the bare scull several times with sticks. Being now nearly exhausted, he lay down on the burning embers, when the squaws put shovels full of coals on his body, which, dying as he was, made him move and creep a little. The Doctor was obliged to stand by and see the cruelty performed. When the Colonel was scalped, they slapped the scalp over the Doctoi's face, saying "This is your great Captain's 1 For Colonel Crawford's expedition, see ante, xxxix ff. MESSAGE FROM THE CHICKASAW, 1782 scalp; to-morrow we will serve you so." The Doctor was to be served in the same manner in another town some distance off; and on his way to his place of torment he passed by where Col. Craw- ford's dead body had been dragged to burned, saw his bones. The Doctor was guarded by but one Indian, who seemed pretty kind to him; on the way the Indian wanted a fire made, and untied the Doctor, ordering him to make it. The Doctor appeared willing to obey, and was collecting wood till he got a good chunk in his hand, with which he gave the Indian so severe blow as levelled him; the Indian sprang up, but seeing the Doctor seize his gun, he ran away; the Doctor could not get the gun off, otherwise would have shot the Indian. He steered through the woods, and arrived here the twentv first day after he left the Indian, having no clothes, the gun being wood bound, he left it after carrying it a few days. For the twenty one days, and two or three more while he had been under sentence of death, he never ate anything but such vege- tables as the woods afforded. None of the prisoners were put to death but those that fell into the hands of the Delawares, who say they will shew no mercy to any white man, as they would shew none to their friends and relations, the religious Moravians. I believe I have not told you, that the whole of the five hundred who went out with Crawford returned, except about fifty. Colonel Harrison Mr William Crawford, relatives of Col. Crawford, were likewise taken prisoners, but fortunately fell into the hands of the Shawanees, who did not kill their prisoners. The people of this country will not suffer Pennsylvania to run the line as Virginia agreed to, but insist on Pennsylvania running its bounds agreeable to Charter, which will leave Virginia a very valu- able country, which Pennsylvania otherwise would have. I am with every sentiment of esteem, W. CROGHAN-. MESSAGE FROM THE CHICKASAW, July 9, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] A TALK FROM US TO BE DELIVERED BY 'MR SIMON BURNEY To the Commanders Of Every different Station Between This Nation and the Falls On the Ohio River, Myv( ) Friends We 73 74 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Mean to Conclude A Peace With you. As Brothers Never falls Out With Other, but they make Friends Again If it is Agreable to you it is Our desire To be at Peace with you that Our Corn May grow And Our Stores Increased for the Bennifitt of our Child [ren]. Thereafter, Youl Observe at the Same time Our making A Peace with you doth Not Intitle Us to Fall out With Our Fathers the Inglish for we Love them as They were the First People that Ever Supported Us to Defend Our Selves Against Our former Enimys The French Spaniards All their Indians. We are a People that Never Forgets Any Kindness done Us by Any Nation. We Sends this by Mr Burney Who Says He Lately Come from Among you you may Rely on Anything he Tells you On the Subject Of Peace Poymautauhaus Talks, We Was Formerly Very good Friends And I Thought We Should be Always So but we have had Some Small Diferences but now We Are good friends again Some Time Ago We had Nothing but good talks all Round Us from all Quarters but now I can hear Nothing But what is bad I therefore this day Send you a Token Of Peace. I Remember the day that I was Not Afraid to Travel to ChagTown Virginia Or Any Other Place Where I was Allways Well Used but Now it Surprise Me More than Anything to See hear how Brothers fall Out, For my Part I could Wish To See it as it Used to be Formerly I have been No Where But here At this Place At This Place I set down hear All your disturbances. I heard by a Chickesaw fellow that has been Some time Among you that That you have Sent Many Letters to this Nation you may think That We Received them and despised your Talks but be Assured that None Ever got here, We Are Not Like White people for when they fight they Sends A flagg to Each Other then Renews The fight But I this day Send you a Flagg for a Peace not To Renew Any more Battles As there never was much fight Between you us, As to Our parts We Never Have done you much Harm its True Some Of Our young fellows has Stole Some of your Horses but Still they Never Went Of themselves their was Other Nations Creeks Cherokees Waupunockys c Who Led Them Out And what damage Was done was by Reason you Settled A Fort in Our Hunt- ing ground without Our Leave And at that place you Suffered Most MESSAGE FROM THE CHICKASAW, 1782 from Us.' We Recevd a Talk From the Illinois Wherein they let us know that the Virginian French Spaniards Are all As One desires Us to be friends with Them. I dont doubt but they have Let you know by this time what They wrote here in Regard to a peace. When you See this it will Satisfy you On Our parts, Red Kings Talk you must Remmember That Our fore fathers On both Sides were allways friends, but as for Our parts we have had a Small diffirence but I dont know who was In the rong it is my desire that we Should Still be at Friendship With Each Other this Comes from my Mouth Who is King of this Nation and it is my desire that after you See this talk that wherever You Meet with Chickesaws that you may Eat Drink Smoke Together As Friends Brothers. I hope youl Send An Agreable Ansr To this that you us may Set down in Safety plant. youl Receve this as A Talk from your friend Brothr Poymengers Talk. Now to Convince you Of our Sincerity in MakY Peace I have Sent Four young war- iers One white man that was with you before to Convince You Of A Peace With Us I am desireous that they may Be Well Used an Answer to this Talk by the Bearers that We may think Of Nothing here after but Our Planting Hunting C.C. his POYMAU 0 TAUHAW mark his MINGO UJ HOMAU mark CHICKESAW NATION 9th July. his 1782 TURKAU X POTAPO mark his POYMINGO )( mark ' Fort Jefferson. See Clark Papers, cxli-cxlii. 75 76 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS WILLIAM IRVINE' TO GEORGE WASHINGTON, July II, I 782 [Draper MSS., iAA257-259.] 2 FORT PITT, July I I1h I782. SIR, Doctor Knight (a Surgeon I sent with Col. Crawford) returned the 4th instant to this place. He brings an account of the melan- choly fate of poor Crawford. The day after the main body re- treated, the Colonel, Doctor, nine others were overtaken about thirty miles from the field of action by a body of Indians to whom they surrendered, were taken back to Sandusky, where they all, ex- cept the Doctor, were put to death; the unfortunate Colonel in par- ticular was burned and tortured in every manner they could invent. The Doctor, after being a spectator of this distressing scene, was sent to the Shawanese Town under guard of one Indian, where he was told he would share the same fate next day; but fortunately found an opportunity of demolishing the fellow making his escape. The Doctor adds, that a certain Simon Girty, who was formerly in our service, deserted with MCKee, is now said to have a com- mission in the British service, was present at torturing Col. Craw- ford; that he, the Doctor, was informed by an Indian that a British Captain commands at Sandusky, that he believes he was present also, but is not certain; but says he saw a person there who was dressed and appeared like a British officer. He also says the Colonel begged of Girty to shoot him, but he paid no regard to the request. A certain Shlover has also come in yesterday who was under sentence at the Shawanese Town. He says a Mr Wm Harrison, ' William Irvine was born in Ireland of Scotch parents. He was a student of medicine and surgery at Trinity College, Dublin, and served as a surgeon on a British warship. At the close of the Seven Years' War he came to America and settled at Carlisle, Pennsylvania. During January, 1776, he was appointed to raise and command the Sixth Pennsylvania Regi- ment. In an engagement against the British at Three Rivers, Canada, he was taken prisoner and was not exchanged until 1778. The following year he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general commanding the Second Pennsylvania Brigade, and won honors at the Battle of Monmouth. In September, 1781, he was appointed recruiting officer, and on the recommendation of Washington he was given command at Pittsburgh. From 1786 to 1788, he was a member of Congress and again from 1793 to 1795. He commanded the Pennsylvania troops in the Whiskey Rebellion. 2 This letter is not published in C. W. Butterfield, Washington-Irvine Correspondence. Consult this volume, 247-250, for letter of July 5, 1782. GEORGE TO TODD, JULY 14, 1782 son-in-law to Col. Crawford, was quartered and burned. Both he and the Doctor say they were assured by sundry Indians whom they formerly knew, that not a single soul should in future escape tor- ture, and gave as a reason for this conduct the Moravian affair. A number of people inform me, that Col. Crawford ought to be considered as a Continental officer, and are of opinion retaliation should take place; these, however, are such facts as I can get: Doctor Knight is a man of undoubted veracity. This account has struck the people of this country with a strange mixture of fear and resentment; their solicitations for making an- other excursion are increasing daily, and they are actually beginning to prepare for it. I have the honor to be, c. c., WM IRVINE His EXCELLENCY GENE WASHINGTON ROBERT GEORGE' TO JOHN TODD, JR., July 14, I782 [Draper MSS., 52J25.-Contemporary copy.] July I4th Capt Patterson came into the Cabbin and said, that unless his men were furnished with two pound of flour each man pr day, and was allowed what Beef they could kill he would be dam'd if any of his men shod stay on Board. -he also insisted to draw Back Rations at the same Rate from the time his men came to the mouth of Kentucke.- July I5trh This morning Cap' Patterson Mr MGuire his Lieut, came into the Cabbin, and said the Militia to a man refused to come on board; alledging that Militia could not be made Salors of, with other like Excuses; and these officers declared that in their opinion that the MNen would sooner fight that come on board. ' Captain Robert George was one of the men who accompanied Captain James Willing in the attack on the Mississippi posts in 1778. See Clark Papers, 3Pi, note r. Early in 1779 Captain George and Lieutenant Rich- ard Harrison were given the command of the company of men who had been with Willing and took them up the river to Kaskaskia to join Clark. During 1780-178i he was in command at Fort Jefferson. He served in the West during the remainder of the war and afterwards settled on Clark's Grant in Indiana. 77 78 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS July 19th Capt Patterson came on board this morning and said, his Men had gone off before day;-but at 8 oClock we discovered not less than IO of them in the skirts of the woods on the River bank, altho' Capt Patterson said there were none left but himself his two officers and one Spy ROBT GEORGE CLARK'S PLAN TO CAPTURE DETROIT AND CRAWFORD'S DEFEAT, July I7, I782 [Draper MSS., IIJ7-8.I Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Quebec, to his friend at Edinburgh, dated July 17th I782:' "The resolutions of Parliament to put an end to the American war, are, I am afraid, not transmitted to Canada, for the bloody work of butchery is still carrying on in the upper parts of this Prov- ince. "A Colonel Clark, commanding a large party of Americans in the Illinois country, has been for some years meditating an attempt upon Detroit, but hitherto has always been defeated by the vigilance and activity of the Indians. This year Clark has assembled about 4,000 men, and by late letters we have heard that he was on his march to Detroit. He had ordered a Major Crawford to advance before his main body, with about 500 men, and they had actually reached San Douskie, in the neighborhood of Detroit, when intelli- gence was brought to Major Depyster, the commanding officer at the fort: He instantly collected all the Indians he could, and sent a Mr Caldwell, a young American, with them, and a party of regu- lars, to surprise Major Crawford, before he was joined by Clark; he did so effectually, for he completely routed the party, and took about two hundred prisoners. "The Indians, who were the chief actors in this scene, gave over the prisoners to the women, who instantly tomahawked every man of them with the most horrid circumstances of barbarity. "It is not unusual for the Indians to put their prisoners to death, but the Americans had this spring destroyed an Indian village, and 1This letter is printed in Almon's Remembrancer, 14:255-256. HARDIN TO Da VIES, JULY 28, 1782 put their women and children to the sword, for which inhuman act the Indian nations are resolved to take full revenge, as Crawford and his party woefully experienced." ROBERT GEORGE TO JOHN TODD, JR., July 19, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J25.-Contemporary copy.] BIGBONE LICK CREEK July I90h 1782 SIR. I wrote you the I3th Inst that Capt Patterson had joined me with 38 Men (Officers included) - - - It is now with the greatest pain I inform you, that since this party has had any Connection with us, there has been nothing but murmouring and grumbling on their part: --- first they insisted on being allowed double Rations of Flour. - - - this was granted them -- - then they must be allowed to march on the shore and not work at the boat --- that was granted them; and indeed every Indulgence the could desire; --- at last this Morning they have determined to go off at all Events (altho their Tour is not out this seven days) --- I shall inform Gent Clark of the particulars, and obtain his directions, in the mean time I beg you will take the most Effectual Methods of bringing these people to Justice for their mutinous and disobedient Conduct. I am Sir Your most obt Servt ROBT GEORGE COLO JOHN TODD CQ Lieut of Fayette (Copy) JOHN HARDIN TO WILLIAM DAVIES, July 28, I782 [Draper MSS., IIS58-6o.] "MAJOR HARDIN" TO COL. W'0 DAVIES, OF Va BO of War MONONGAHALIA, July 28th 1782. SIR: Perhaps you have not had the account of our worthy friends Col. Crawford, Col. W'P Harrison, WP Crawford nephew to Col. Crawford, many others who fell into the hands of the Indians on the late expedition against the St. Dusky Towns, so full as I am able to inform you. The 5t- inst. I was at Fort Pitt, when John Knight, Surgeon's Mate to 7th Virginia Regt, came in, said he 79 8o ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Col. Crawford were taken together by the Delawares to a camp where there were nine more prisoners on Friday, the Tuesday following they were all put to death but himself. He said they were all marched into the Town, nine were tomahawked, himself Col. Crawford were to be burnt at the stake. He saw Col. Crawford tied burning nearly two hours, behaved like a hero. The trai- tor, Simon Girty, was standing by; the Colonel cried out to him "No mercy -only shoot me," to which his reply was, "Crawford, I have no gun," with a laugh -"how can you expect any other [treatment] - this in retaliation for the Moravians that were mur- dered last spring." The Colonel made no reply, nor was heard to make any noise the whole time of his torture. After about two hours he fell on his face; one of the warriors jumpt in scalped him, threw up hot coals ashes on him, then the Colonel got up walked, then the Doctor said he was taken away, told he was not to be burnt there, but was to be taken to the Shawanee Towns where there were about thirty Delawares lived, to give them some satisfaction for the murder of the Moravians; on his way he made his escape. He was 2i days coming in to Fort Pitt, his subsistence the whole time was green goosberries, nettle tops green May apples. One Slover has made his escape about twelve days since the Doctor, and gives an account of all the prisoners who were taken being put to death; that ColQ Harrison was burnt, afterwards quartered, and stuck up on poles. Wm Crawford was also burnt; himself was the last that was brought to the stake to be burnt --- there came an exceeding heavy rain, which prevented their burning him that day, that night he made his escape got into Wheeling in seven days. I have not seen Slover myself, but I saw his ac- count in writing from good authority. This is convincing that inexperienced men ought not to have their own way in war; that good men must suffer on their account. The murder committed on the Moravians is every day retaliated. Sixteen days ago, Hannah's Town was burnt by the Indians, Miller's Fort also, twenty five persons killed taken by the whole party of Indians, who consisted of about two hundred; they took destroyed a great many horses, cattle house-goods. There seems LEGRAS TO CLARK, AUGUST 1, 1782 to be a great spirit in general amongst the people for another cam- paign, which I am in hopes will have the desired effect. I am, Sir c. JOHN HARDIN J. Ml. P. LEGRAS TO CLARK, August I, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J27.-A. L. S.] ST VINCENNE Le 19 auot 1782. MONSIEUR Jai appris avec Etonnement Et peine le Depart precipite Des Derniers Couriers, me proposant Profiter de Cette occasion pour vous Donner avis de ce qui peut Etre a ma Connoissance; Je croye qu ne terreur Panique a Decide leur Depart Cache II m'est parvenu une Lettre Ecrite Dela Chutte par sr Black fort a Dress6 au sr Cardin dont Je vous Envoye une Vraye Copie; Dont nous a vous Eprov6 avec Surprise la Verite; La Nuit du Vingt au Vingt Deux I1 a Et6 Emmene Nombre de Dix a Douze Chevaux presque tous appartenant aux Sauvages; apres quelques Recherche Ils ont Decou- vert la Route que tenoit Ces gens la, et au Nombre de Vingt Ils les ont pour suivie sur leurs piste et Rejoing La troisieme Journ6 sur le soir; tenant tout Jours leur Chemins sur la Chuitte; I1 les ont attaqu6 Et tu6 un Repris Et Remene Leurs Chevaux Sont plus- ieurs tue Et Blesse; Ils les onts Reconnus pour Blanc quoique De- guis6 Et peint Comme font les Barbares; Celuy qu'ils ont tu6 Etois Blanc pour Certain Et peint; Il les Croyent aunombre de six hommes qu'ils ont Vu; le Chaouennon Binne Etois du parti Et deux ontages; ce qui fait un fort Mauvais Effets parmy les Barbares; Et les Mets Dans Lintrique; Comme allies sincere; tant qu'a Moy Je suis Etonne de Cette Entreprise Et n'en peut Deviner le sujet; tous se Repose Sur Vous pour D6couvrir Et arretter a la Venir pareil in- curssion. Dernierement quelques Sauvages aunombre de six a sept Et Nombre de femme Revenant De Chasse, Se Sont Rencontre Sur La pointe de ouabache avec une pirogue appartenant au sr Taite Marchand Et un Engag6 Charg6 D'environ trente a quarante gallon ouicheguy; aussitot L'Engage apris La fuite; Et abandonn6 le sr taite; les sauvages loing de L'insulter; luy ont fait des signes Dami- 82 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ties; Et Marqu6 par quelque Morceau de Viande Dont it L'ont Regak a leur facon; Le sieur Taite Voulant faire pour Le Mieux Ignorant Leurs Avidites pour les liqeures forte; les apaye de Reccon- noissance par un Coup de ouicheguy qu'il leur a Donn6 a Boire; avec une Canne a meme un Baril Chacun a Leur toure; ce feut Coup qu'ils ont Bui aleur soif Et avidite les a Enhivr6, Et Deter- mine a En demander Davantage; cequ'il ne pouvoit plus leur Refuser Et sefont foule a Un point qu'ils sefont tue undeux, Et un de Noy6 Ce Coup Caus6 par la liqeuer les a decider a En demander Et prendre pour Continuer asefouler Et Nont Cesse Jusqu'a Leurs arrive; Le sr taite Et son Engag6 se sont Rendui icy sain Et sauf; les Chefs Maragouin, Montoure Et Antaya se sont Joing a Nous pour Re- couvrir Et Retirer des Mains des Sauvages ce qu'ils ont pu Rendre icy I1 nous a Ete Remis un Baril d'Eauverre de Dis gallons ouiche- guy, quelques Mains de papier, Et livre de Compte Et habillement de L'engage, que nous avons aussitot Remis au proprieteure; Vous ne deves point ignor6s que Les Outaouas qui ont fait Village En Cette Endroit ont Vol plusieurs Chevaux Cette hiver, Jene scaye ou Commen Et que le Chaouennon Binne qui demeure avec Les outaouas avoit une Chevelure; ceque Jen'ay Scu qu'apr6s Leurs Depart; Ils ont ammene un Negre appartenant au Colonel paop qu'il ne m'a point Et6 possible de Retirer Vui qu'ils demandoient dela liqeur que Jen'avon point; Et que Je N'aime point a leur Donner; I1 Est Rapport6 qu'ils ont tue une Negresse; parce qu'elle ne Vouloit point les suivre de Bonne grace; I1 y a lieu de penser que les Memes outaouas Loing de s'en aller aux Ilinois Comme il me L'avoit dit ont Monte La Belle Rivierre; Et a L'aide du Chaouennon Binne ont DeBauch6 nombre Dam6riquain; qui se seront joint a Eux par Lespoir du Butin, Et De Compagnie Voler des Chevaux Eloignant deux touts Sentiments d'honneur En Voul- ant Recconnoitre Ny allies, Ny amy Et authorite Les Chefs Marin- gouin Montoure Et antaya sont Venui prier les Marchands ainsy que Mr Vaudy interprette de vous Ecrire En Leur faveur, et devous assurer de leurs Sincere attache aux Etats; Mais que Malgr6 toutes les peines qu'ils Sedonne pour maintenir leurs Jeunes gens dans le Bon chemin qu'il sen Ecarte quelquefois Mais hors deleurs Con- noissance; Et que pour une Mauvaise herbe I1 ne faut point LEGRAS TO CLARK, AUGUST 1, 1782 abandonner tout un Champ Ils Sont Bien persuad6 que de votre part vous av6s Ignor6s qu'il Se formoit un partie pour Venir Voler Leur Chevaux que Vous L'auries arrett6. Le Maringoin arrivant du detroit Rapporte que les ameriquains au Nombre de Cinqs Cens Venant du Cott6 du fort Pitte, se sont Combattu sur le lac Eries avec nombre de sept Cens hommes Venant du D6troit Le space de deux Jours Et une Nuit. qu'ils ont tue quantites de sauvages de Divers Nations Et Beaucoup DeBlesses Deux officiers anglois Bless6, Dont Est le Commandant En Chef du partie. Fatigue Et Epuise les Ameriquains sesont Retir6 avec une Leger perte; il n'est fait mention que de Cinqs que ont Et6 tue Et sept prisoniers qui ont Et6 pris dans La Retraite et Conduit au detroit. Jen'ay Rien plus avous Marquer Et Veut finir En vous priant dene me point Refuser Une prompte Reponse afin de tranquiliser les peuples Et nous faire part Des Nouvelles qui vous Seront par- venfi; Vous assurant de Mon sincere attachement et Celle des Cyto- yans de Cette Endroit pour La Cause Commune Et du Respects de Celluy qui Se fait L'honneur detre avec Respect Monsieur Votre tres humble Et tres obeissant Serviteur J. M. P. LEGRAS Lieut Col Jene vous marque Rien au sujet de Mr. Dalton il vous Ecrites [Contemporary Translation] [Draper MSS., 52J28.] VINCENNES, ist Aug. I782. SIR I have Learn'd with Surprise and sorrow the departure of the last couriers, as I proposed improving that opportunity to acquaint you with whatever comes to my Knowledge. I fancy a sudden terror has occasioned their going away incog. a letter written from the falls by Blackfort, and addressed to Mr Cardin, has fallen in my hands, of which I inclose a true copy, of which we have to our astonishment experienced the truth. in the night time from the 83 84 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 20th to the 220 ten or twelve horses have been taken away, almost all of them belonging to the Indians. After some inquiries they discover'd the road that the thieves had taken and twenty of the savages pursued their tracks, and overtook them the third day to- wards night, as they always directed their course towards the falls. they attacked them and killed one, retook and brought back again their horses, of which several kill'd and wounded. they knew them to be white people, though disguis'd, and painted as the barbarians. he that was kill'd, was undoubtedly a white man and painted. the Indians allow they were six in number, whom they have seen --- Binne the chaouanon [sic] and two ottawas were of the party, which has a very bad effect among the Savages, and makes them uneasy, as faithful allies; for my part, I am Surpris'd at that undertaking, and can't guess at the object of it. every one depends upon you for discovering and preventing in the future Such incursions. Lately Some Indians Six or Seven in number, and a parcel of women returning from hunting came up at the point of the Ouabache with a Perioger [pirogue] Belonging to Taite a merchant and a hireling, loaded with 30 or 40 Gallons of whiskey. the hireling fled immediately and left Taite. the Indians, far from attacking him, beckon'd to him in Sign of friendship; and testified it by some pieces of meat with which they regaled him in their own way. Taite intending for the best, and ignorant of their avidity for Strong liquors, made them an acknowledgment with a plentiful dram of whiskey, which they drank 'till they were all drunk; then they ask'd for more, which it was not in his power to refuse, and they got intoxicated to that degree that one of them died, and another got drowned that accident occasioned by liquor induced them to ask for more in order to continue drunk, and there has been no end of it 'till their arrival. Taite and his hireling are arriv'd here Safe. the chiefs Maragouin, Montour, Antaya Join'd with us in recovering from the hands of the Indians what has been fetch'd here. we have receiv'd a ten gallon Keg of whiskey, some quires of paper, books of accoumpts and the cloathing of the hireling, which we have immediately deliver'd to the owners. you are not ignorant that the Outawas, who have built a village here, have stolen many horses last winter, I don't know where or how; and that the Chaou- LEGRAS TO CLARK, AUGUST 1, 1782 anon Binne who lives with the Ottawas had a Sculp, which I was not inform'd of untill they were gone. they have brought in a negro man belonging to Col Pope, whom it has not been in my power to get from them, because they wanted liquor which I had not and which I don't like to give them. it is reported that they killed a negro Wench, because she did not follow them willingly. we have room to think that the Same Ottawas, instead of going to the Illinois as they told me, have gone up the Ohio, and, with the assistance of Binne the Chaouanon, have Se- duced a number of Americans, who will boin them in hopes of plunder, and in order to go and Steal horses together, throwing aside all Sentiments of honour, and disregarding allies, friends, and all sorts of authority. the chiefs Maringouin, Montour, and Antaya came here to intreat the merchants, as well as Mr Vaudy interpreter to write to you in their behalf, and assure you of their Sincere at- tachment to the States. But that in spite of all their endeavours to maintain their young men in the right path, they Sometimes devi- ate from it, but unknown to them; and that a whole field should not be abandonned for a few pernicious weeds. they are entirely convinced that, on your part, you was quite ignorant of a party bee- ing form'd to come and Steal their horses, or else you wou'd have prevented it. The Maringoin brings news from Detroit that the Americans, five hundred in number, from fort Pitt have fought upon lake Erie against Seven hundred men from Detroit, for two days and one night, that they have kill'd a great number of Indians of divers nations, and wounded a vast many; two English officers wounded, one of them the commander in chief of the party. fatigued and breathless the Americans retreated with an incon- siderable loss. mention is only made of five killed, and seven prison- ers, who were taken in the retreat, and carried to Detroit; I have nothing more to acquaint you with, and in finishing desire you not to refuse me an immediate answer, in order to quiet the minds of the people, and partake us the news that you may have received; assuring you of my Sincere attachment, and that of the citizens here, to the common cause; and of the respect with which I have the honour to be [J. M. P. LEGRAS] I say nothing of Mr Dalton who writes you. 85 86 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JACOB PYATT TO CLARK, August 4, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J29.-A. D. S.] TO THE HONBAE BRIGR GENERAL G R CLARK SIR. Permit the Officers of the Marines raised, and now raising for the Public service, in behalf of themselves and the said Marines, to lay before you the following Circumstances, and in the most re- spectful manner to solicit you in their present Situation. The Terms of which the Marines were inlisted, were Ten Dol- lars Pr Month and a suit of Cloaths: --- many of whom being either discharged Men from Crocketts Regiment, or other wise necessi- tated, entered this temporal service merely on Account of the Cloath- ing offered; and it is well known that many of them are in great distress for every Article of that Nature. It cannot be expected (nor would it indeed be just) that the Marines should receive the same Cloathing as those who have spent Years in the service or have engaged for a considerable term. We only request that the General will be pleased on the present Occasion, to allow the Men such absolute necessaries, that health and common decency may plead for. - - - We at the same time beg leave to solicit the General for some Necessaries for ourselves; the absolute impossibility of obtaining any Articles (if to be sold) without money, in this part of the world is too obvious to mention. - - - We therefore beg the General will be pleased to take this Address into Consideration, and afford us such relief as our present Circum- stances stand in need of, or that he in his goodness shall seem ex- pedient to grant. We are Sir with the utmost dutiful respect Your most obedient Servants JACOB PYEATT Capt in behalf of himself the off. Marines before mentioned, MIAMI GALLEY August 4th 1782 CLARK TO IRVINVE, AUGUST 10, 1782 CLARK TO JOSEPH LINDSAY, August 6, 1782 [Draper MSS., 29J60. P FORT NELSON 6t0 Augst 1782. SIR, This Express is to know from you what probability there is of your getting a drove of your Bullocks to this place in a short time - When you left this last you said that you were determined to have them down shortly. The Garrison is much in want, and your immediate presence here very necessary, as there is great quantity of Flour laying here, and I think a good supply may be purchased for the publick, especially for salt. -how we are circumstanced in that article you only know: but I think if you was here you might make a good stroke - dont loose the oppertunity for the first rise of water the Traders set out for Orleans, if they dont dispose of their cargoes- Capt. Froman is with me, seems desirous that the greatest justice shall be done the State respecting the salt pans, consequently, it would be well to settle that affair with him - to let him go on as usual- I am, Sir, Your obed. sert. Ml JOSEPH LINDSAY G. R. CLARK Addressed: Mr. Joseph Lindsay at Harrodsburg Endorsed: A true copy from the original in possession of W. Lind- say Pogue, Esqr of Greenup Co. Ky. CLARK TO WILLIAM IRVINE, August 10, I782 [Draper MSS., 32J2.-Transcript.]' FORT NELSON IOh August 1782 SIR By Major Walls I learn that you intend to make a grand push against the Enemy on the Lakes this fall, which information occasion me to send this Express to know of you the time you march and what is your object: If you will be so good as to favour me with such intelligence it may be much to the publick interest; as it will be in our power to make a diversion much in favour of yours, 'This document was contributed by Dr. Louise Phelps Kellogg. 2 Printed in Washington-Jrvine Correspondence, 392-393. 87 88 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS if nothing intervenes to prevent us. I am Your mo. Obed' Servt (signed) G. R. CLARK GENL ERVIN JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, August 12, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J32.-A. L. S.] 12th August 1782 DEAR GENERAL. I've just understood that Capt Chenoweth his Warriors sent yesterday on an Excurtion to the i8 Mile Creek, have bent their course towards the Falls: if it is so, I hope you've taken care to order them on Board the Galley. Those were men that to my knowledge have not been a Night from home on duty except at the Falls, for 12 MQ by their maneuvering before they set out, I expected noth- ing done but I hope they are on Board, if you took the Hint. I am Dear Gen' Yours Affectionately, JNO FLOYD Addressed: Brigr Gen! Clark Fort Nelson By Mr Stephenson Endorsed: Jn9 Floid 12th Augt 82 CHAPTER IV THE BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, AUGUST 19, 1782- SEPTEMBER 3, 1782 ATrACK ON BRYAN'S STATION-PLAN OF THE BAIrLE OF THE BLUE LICKS- Loss OF KENTUCKY LEADERS-CAPTURE OF KINCHELOE'S STATION. THE BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, August i9, 1782' [Draper MSS., 52J35-37.-A. D.] 2 The night before the action of Bryans Col Todd being at Col0 Trigs3 in all probability had the perusal of my Letters to ColQ Logan as the Col had sent them by Isack McCracken to Col Trigs for his perusal See my Letter to Col Logan AugOt i6th ColP Trig Received ye following Letter from Col9 Levi Todd of Lexington Dr Col I Set down in a very disagreeable posture Just nowv defeated by a body of Indians who are now Round Bryans I am necessitated to apply to you for assistance expecting you you will deem it your duty before you can have an opportunity to Receive orders from your County Lt. I last night Received an Act. from Col Boon of Cap tn Holders defeat at the Blue Licks and agreable to his desire ordered twenty men to Join others and go to the Blue Licks. They started this morning about an Hour after an Ex- press arrived from Bryants That some Indians had shown them- selves and they believed a body was Round the [fort] - - I set [off] after the men met them by i2 'o' the [clock] - - [] at Bryants we were attacked the Horse broke Some perhaps have got in though I cant say, but a few have Returned our loss I cant Judge of let your men assemble by parties as quick as possible at Lexington Let my Brother and Co! Logan have the Earliest notice our situation Requires the greates hast I am-- LEVI TODD 'For the Battle of the Blue Licks and its significance, see introduction, ante, xliii ff., and Roosevelt, Winning of the West, 2:197 ff. ' Note by Lyman C. Draper on the manuscript: "These copies are in Gen: G. R. Clark's chirography-probably borrowed the originals from Col. Logan for copying." ' For Stephen Trigg, see Kaskaskia Records, 76, note 3. 89 go ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Col John Todd being in the neighborhood of Col Trigs ye Col wrote the Following on the back of the Letter and sent it to Col [Trigg] which Came back ColQ Logan is Expected to be at Harrodsburg tonight if so have sent this Letter for his perusal and in mean time have ordered Captns McBride, Madison, Gordon Overton Ensign Adams to appear at Captn Gordons tomorrow Morning Ready to march to Lexington I Shall wait there untill the Express Returns with orders from Cole Logan if they should see him S. T. Col Logan having Returned home 17th I I oclock Col Trigg wrote the following to Col Logan which he Received at twelve of the Clock the Insuing night DR COL about Ten oClock last night I Receiv-d the Inclosed by Express I thinking you was then at Harrodsburg sent amedi- ately their but found you was gone home I called upon six Com- panies to wit Gordon McBride Madisons Kincaids Overton alli- sons for one half of their Companies it is now about a ii oclock and not more than 6o Men Met we shall wait a few minutes and go on. Majr McGary and myself boath go over. I should not have taken this step without your orders but the case seemed urgent and had no doubt but you would approve of what I did I hope vou will and take any other step you Choose ColP Trig Set out an[d] Incamped at Todds Cabbins Six Miles from Lexington by which time he increased to about a Hundred and thirty men arriving at Brians the i8 Joined by forty or fifty men of the Fayet Militia pursued the Enemy as far as Riddles that Evening 19th continuing ye pursuit descryd the of the heights of Licking on the oposite side som distance backe of the blue licks Cross- ing ye River and action amediately commenced and in five minutes a Total Rout on our side Fifty of the Lincoln and i6 of the Fayet Troops fell including ColP Todd Trigg Capte c c on Col. Logans Receiving Col Trigs Letter he dispatched of Express to different parts of the County before day assembled I54 Men and Reached the Mouth of Hickman that night arrive Lexington about 12 oClock the Igth, finding the people their quite unconserned and at their common diversions spent some time in Shewing them their BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, 1782 Errour to little purpose pursuing his Rout passing Briants met the front of the Flying party within five miles of that place himself being weakened by the Conversation of the Lexington and Briant Inhabitants Ridiculing the pursuit saying their was a sufficiency of men gone with Col Tod caused of many of the Volunteers to delay and the great Reason he had to suppose the body of the Enemy Considerable Returned to Lexington that Night forming the best position possible to Receive the fugitives in the night following dispatched of Expresses to different parts of Lincoln County order- ing every man that could bear arms to be amediately Marched to Bryants whare he made his head Quarters taking the most advisable Steps to Support that Frontier untill he should be sufficiently Rein- forced as to take the Field on the 22 about Sun Rise Col John Logan arrive at Lexington with 134 Men (not an officer except two Ensigns) in the Evening of the 23 Col. McGary (who had been sent back to Lincoln arrive at head Quarters withe between I30 and 140 men the whole forces being Imbodied the number of 470 men Col. Logan set out about seven marching untill near day Reposing about two Hours continued his route came in sight of the scene of action at the Blue licks about i0 Oclock in the Morning of the 24 after sending proper Reconitering parties Marched to the field it appearing that the body of Enemy had Retired for some days buried the dead and Retreated Ten Miles but Recollecting that the Enemy might have by a Circuitous March returned to the Inhabitants thot it advisable to make dispatch that possibly could to get back to the Inhabitants Lexington the 25th the Trops March- ing to their different homes the 26th - 27th a man was killed at Harrodstown and Several others in a few days following a few days after Col Logans Return home he Received the fol- lowing Letter from Majr McGary 28th Aug8t 1782 Dr Sir There has been some person a Spying about the Magazine at Harrodstown some nights past and as all the principal men of that place is lost I think it would be good to move the powder to Col. Bowmans though such orders you send shall be put in force 91 92 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Sir I understand I am much sensured for incouraging the men to fight the Indians when we came up with them I should have in- formed you of a grand scheam that was planed when I saw you only I thought perhaps it would cause a Riot and you may Judge the Matter yourself only it is hard to Judge dead men you saw Trigg did not wright to you untill he was shure you could not come up with us, and Todd took Captns Craigs word for the Number of Indians so we Marched in order to gain great applause with our men as it was well known that you would have had the Command as almost all the men was of our County and their scheam met with a sad misfortune which I am sorry for So I suppose you have heard of my bad conduct perhaps by some person that was conserned in the scheam and if you think I am faulty I should be fond to have a hearing in the Matter sir if any thing should happen we have not one lb of Lead Captn Dentons Station Breaks up this day or tomorrow I have had no chance to send your Letter to Genl Clark I hope you will instruct me on any thing you want done in this End of the County and you may depend on me as far as in me lies Iam Majr Madisons Act i8th Aught Colo Todd and Trigg Arrive at Bryants Station about ten oclock whare they ware informed by Captn Craig1 that the Enemy had Retreated about Ten in the morning that their num- ber was inconsiderabl and that he was sure they might be over- taken and defeated by the party present to wit i82 men the pur- suit amediately took place following the Indian trail to Riddles near [blank in MS.] miles whare it was discovered that that the Enemy was far superiour to the number Supposed and by infor- mation of Captn Hoy to Co Boon a large party of the Enimy was also discovered at the upper Blue Licks 8 Miles from the Lower the principal officers appeared to be confused in their council Each affraid to speak Candidly for fear of being Suspected for Timerity; but the whole Moved forward apparently without order; orders then Issued for the whole when a attack should Com- Tnence to wride [ride] in among the Enemy before a gun was fired Note by Lyman C. Draper on original manuscript: "of Bryan's Stn. L. C. D." BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, 1782 Continuing the Route untill near day then Halted untill sun up on the i9th within four miles of the Lick, then Marching in three parellel lines to the heights opposite the Blue Lick whare on dis- covering a party of the Enemy the whole appeared to be in the utmost confusion each Viewing the other with that consternation forboding destruction no gen' order given after this period the spies ventering across the River Reconnitering the Lick found the Enemy that was discovered had gone on Majr Mcgary crosed with his division after which ColQ Trig with his and Co! Boon following Raising the heights on the opposite shore the Spies still advancing returned in full spead informed the party that the Enemy was but a small distance the Cry for action was the[n] given the whole Move on in the order they then ware without ever forming the front geting Repulsed before the Rear got near the Enemy a gen' Rout took place having an unguarded ford to Retreat through the Victory became compleat on the Side of the Enemy pursuing the flying party untill they met Cob Logan then Six miles of Brians having the advantage of the Horses of those they had killed Total Loss 66 Including officers 93 94 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS PROPERTY LOST AT THE BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, August i9, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] Recd of Col9 Benjamin Logan a List of Appraisments of Horses Guns c lost at the Battle of the Blue Licks Augt i9th 1782, Con- taining the following Accounts with Appraisment Bills I I k I S D_ No I Edward Corn for one gun shot pouch horn Blanket.........n...... 6 10 0 2 The Estate of John MCMurtry for a Mare gun shot pouch . .4........ 10 - 3 George Smith for one horse Sadie Bridle gun .... fi ' ' 24 - 4 The Estate of Thomas Farrier for Horse Sadie Bridle gun . .25 0 5 James Allen for one Horse Sadie bridle gun blanket........... .......... 17 5 6 Robert Poague for a gun..................... 5 0 7 James Hays for a Horse . ............25 0 - 8 James Ray for a Horse .....................1 20 0 0 9 The Estate of John Garden on horse sadle Bridle gun .............................. ! 32 10 0 1o Samuel Woods for a gun . . 7 0 iI William Aldridge for a horse sadle and Bridle I5 0 - 12 Josiah Wilson for a SadIe Bridle ... ........ 2 4 13 John Hart for a horse....................... 30 0 0 14 John Summers one mare ... . 0. 0 IS James Herrod for a Horse Sadle Bridle gun 38 5 0 i6 Anthony Sowdusky one Mare sadle Bridle l Sadie Bags......................... 25...0 0 17 Joseph Collens for a horse............ J o5 0 0 i8 Daniel Griggs one gun apd to L 12"o-o to be paid with................................. 6 0 0 19 Jarvis Green one gun apd to L 12 to be paid withl 6 0 I 0 20 Jacob Coffman for a Mare SadIe Bridle ..... l 24 0 - 2i Elisha Buett for a Mare Sadie Bridle stroud 26 15 - 22 Elijah Allen for a horse Sadie Bridle gun... i 0 - 23 The Estate of ArchY Woods for a Mare Sadie Bridle gun . .................22 0 0 24 The Estate of William Robinson for one Mare Sadie Bridle gun . .............. 9 10 25 Robert Scott for mare........ ............ 10 0 0 26 John Hinch a Mare Sadie Bridle Sadie baggs 29 10 27 John Peak for a gun L 5 Sadie L 6 to be paid withL 4 ................ ................. 9 0 - 28 Gabrial Madison for a Sadie Bridle. ....... 3 10 29 William Lam for a mare . . 15 0 - 3o The Estate of Joseph Lindsey for a horse mare ................... 45 3i A Stray Mare the mony to be kept in the Treasury till the owner appears and Proves his Property . . 12 0 0 -7 1957 1 57 5 i 19 I HARRISON TO COUNTY LIEUTENANTS, 1782 95 BENJAMIN HARRISON TO THE COUNTY LIEUTENANTS, August 21, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1781, p. 309.] LETTER TO SUNDRY COUNTY LIEUTENANTS. COUNCIL CHAMBER Auget 2 ItP I782- You will receive directions from the Commissioner of War to hold men of your militia in constant readiness to march at the short- est warning, this order takes its rise from information just recd from the continental Secretary at War that an Attack is expected on fort Pitt; the loss of which post will so materially affect our fellow Citizens in the back Country that no Arguments can be necessary to stimulate you or your Militia to exertion if the fort should be invested. Gen: Edward Stevens is appointed to the command of the Troops order'd out, will give you directions where to rendezvous your men if they should be wanted and will forward the necessary marching orders. I refer you for more particular Instructions to the Commissioner of War and am cc. B. H. The same to the different County Lieut or Comd Officers in the list given.- To be in readiness Hampshire ...... I50 Rockingham ..... oo Rank Frederick ....... 150 Augusta ........ 200 File Berkley ...... I75 Loudon. 300 proper- Fauquier. 225 AV =l Shanandoah ..... 150 Culpeper . 250 Officer- =ed. 1700 BENJAMIN HARRISON TO COUNTY LIEUTENANT OF FREDERICK COUNTY, August 21, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1781, p. 310.] THE COMMANDING OFFICER OF FREDERICK COUNTY COUNCIL CHAMBER Aug4t 2I0h I782. SIR You will receive herewith an Order from the commissioner of War to send immediately 75 Men to assist the garrison of fort Pitt 96 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS in defending that post against an attack that is expected will very shortly be made on it, the Consequences that will flow from the re- duction of it will be so distressing to the Inhabitants of our back Country, that your Humanity will suggest to you the Necessity of an immediate compliance with the Order. If provisions to last you to the fort can not be obtained from the Commissioners nor on the credit of the State you must have recourse to the Invasion Law. You may assure those who shall furnish provisions that they shall receive Warrants for payment out of the present Taxes, which I hope will save you from the disagreeable Business of impressment. It will be necessary that the Officer commanding the Troops should take particular care to settle his pay roles properly, and that he take a recO from the Continental Commissary or proper Officer for the provisions used on his March in order to the Accompts being settled with the continent. I am Sir c. B. H. The same to the commanding officer of Berkley County.- ANDREW STEELE TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, August 26, 1782 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:269-270.] LEXINGTON, Ky., August 26th, 1782 "SIR Through the Continued series of a Seven Years vicessitude, noth- ing has happened so alarming, fatal Injurious to the Interest of the Kanetuckians of Particular all its votaries in General, as the present Concatination of Hostilities, wherewith I am now to acquaint your Excellency. The Fifteenth of this Inst: Bryan's Station was Beseiged by a number of Indians, whereof I am not able to form a Just Estimate: the Attack continued warm for about Thirty Hours, During which Period, the Enemy burned several exterior Houses, Killed three of our men made large Depredations on the neat stock Crop - they then Retired leaving three of their Savage party dead on the ground, besides a number of circumstantially so - STEELE TO HARRISON, aUGUST 26, 1782 The Seventeenth, we were Reinforced from Lincoln, with one hundred fifty Horse men, Commanded by Lieut: Col: Stephen Trigg Joined by a few of the Fayette Commanded by Colo. Jno. Todd, who compos'd an Army of one Hundred Eighty Two. We followed them to the Lower Blue Licks, where Ended the Direfull Catastrophy - in short we were defeated - with the loss of seventy- five men - among whom fell our two Commanders with many other officers soldiers of Distinguished Bravery. To express the feelings of the Inhabitants of both the Counties at this Ruefull scene of hitherto unparalelled Barbarities Barre all words cuts Description short. The Twenty fifth, five Hundred of the Lincoln militia com- manded by Colo. Benjamin Logan (who hitherto had neither been consulted, nor solicited to our assistance) marched to the Battle ground in Expectation of a second Engagement, but the Enemy had march'd several Days before. from the order of their march, with many other accruing circumstances, their number was supposed to be nearly six Hundred. Forty seven of our Brave Kanetuckians were found in the field, the matchless massacraed victims of their unprecedented Cruelty- We are led to conceive that none were captivated, from a number found at the crossing of the Creek tied Butchered with knives spears. Labouring under these Distressing Circumstances we Rely on your goodness (actuated from a principle of Universal Benevolence which is the Distinguishing Characteristic of the truly great noble soul) that we will not only become the subjects of your Commiser- ation, but of your Patronage Protection also. the Ballance stands upon an Equilibrium one stroke more will cause it to Preponderate to our Irretrievable Wo, terminate in the Intire Breach of our Country, if your Excellency is not concerned In our Immediate safety - The Auther of this narrative is a Person in a private sphere of life hopes that your forgiving Candour, will induce you, to not only pardon the Intrusion, but the many Inaccuracies that may appear through the whole of this Illiterate undigested Detail- as it comes from a wel-wisher to American Liberty your Excellency's most obed't H'ble Servt." 97 98 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS DANIEL BOONE TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, August 30, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.-A.L.S.]' BOONES STATION, FEYATTE COUNTY August 30 1782 -- - SIR A present Circumstance of Affairs Causes me to write to your Excellency as follows. on the I6th of this Instant a Large Number of Indians with Some white men Attacted one of our fronteer Sta- tions Known by the name of Bryans Station, the Seige Continued from about Sunrise till about ten oclock the next Day, then they Marched off. Notice being Given to the Different Station adjacent, we Imediately Collected i8i Horsemen Commandd by Coto Jn9 Todd, Including some of Lincoln County Militia, Commanded by Col. Trigg, and having pursued About 40 Miles, on the I9th In- stant, we Discover'd the Enemy Lying in wait for us, on Discovery of which we formed our Columns into one Single Line, and Marchd up in their front, within About forty yards before there was a gun fired; Col. Trigg on the right, my Self on the Left. Maj'r McGary in the Center. Major Harlen with the advance party in the front - and from the manner wee had formd, it fell to my Lot to bring on the attack, which was Done with a very heavy fire on both Sides; and Extended back the Lines to Col. Trigg, where the Enemy was So Strong that the Rushed up and Broke the right wing at the first fire, So the Enemy was Immediately on our Back So we were obliged to Retreat with the loss of 77 of our Men and I2 wounded, afterward we were Reinforced by Col. Logan which with our own men amounted to 460 Light Horse with which we March'd to the Battle Ground again But found the Enemy were gone off So we proceeded to Bury the Dead - which were 43 found on the ground, and Many more we Expect Lay about that we did not See as we could not tarry to Search very Close, being Both Hungry and weary, and Some what Dubous that the Enemy might not be gone quite off, and by what Discovery we Could make we Conclude the Number of Indians to Exceed 400-Now the whole of our Militia of this County Does not Exceed 130. By this Yr Excellency may Draw an Idea of our Circumstance, I know Sir, that your Situation at ' This letter with some variations is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:275-276. BOWMAN TO HARRISON, AUGUST 30, 1782 present is Something Critical But are we to be totally forgotten. I hope not. I trust about 500 men Sent to our Assistance Imme- diately and them to be Stationed as our County Lieutenants Shall See most Necessary may be the Saving of this our part of the Coun- try. but if you put them under the Direction of Geni Clarke they will be Little or no Service to our Settlement as he Lies Ioo miles west of us, and the Indians Northeast, and our Men are often Calld to the falls to Guard them. I have Encouraged the people here in this County all that I could, but I can no longer Encourage my Neighbours nor my Self to Risque our Lives here at such Extra- ordinary hazzards, the Inhabitants of these Counties are very much alarmd at the thoughts of the Indians bringing another Campaign into our Country this fall, which if it should Be the Case will Break these Settlements, so I hope your Excellency will take it into Con- sideration and Send us Some Relief as quick as possible - this Sir is my Sentiments without Consulting any person I Expect Col. Logan will Imediately Send to you by Express, By whome I most humbly Request your Excellencies answer meanwhile I Remain Sir Your Excellencys Most obedient Humb ServO DANIEL BOONE JOHN BOWMAN' TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, August 30, 1782 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.-A.L.S.]' LINCOLN COUNTY August 30th 1782 SIR I take the liberty to AdqP your Excellency on a Subject which I make No Doubt May be agreable to you on the 20th of this Ins arived hear Mr Siman Burney with two chickasaws warriers With a written talk from the cheiffs of that Nation Seting forth their Willingness to treat with the State of Virginia on a peace, a Coppy of which you will Receive by the convayance, and Being Impressed with a sence of the Destressed cituation of this frontear Settlements I could not Restrain my self but Rather thought it my Duty to 1Major John Bowman was a brother of Colonel Joseph Bowman who was the trusted lieutenant of Clark. It was John Bowman who led an expedition consisting of three hundred Kentuckians against the Shawnee in 1779. This was the principal cause for the failure of Clark's march on Detroit that year. Colonel John Bowman was the first county lieutenant of Lincoln County, Kentucky. See Clark Papers, cviii-cix. 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:277-278. 99 loo ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Recomend it to you in whoes hands the Reigns of Government are put, and not Doubting of your Willingness to facilitate the Hapiness of the People under your care and Protection, therefore it is the wish of all I believe that your Excelancy might Appoint Commis- sionors to Meat the Cheiffs of that Nation at the french Lick on Cumberland River it being the Place they Seame to wish to meat at, in order to Establish a peace with them, Should your Excelancy with the Honorable Councel think Proper that Sume Step Should be taken with those People and would wish to Appoint Commissioners in this Quarter for that Purpose, I will mention the following Gent who in my Opinion are the Most fit men amongst us for that Pur- pose Col John Donelson,' Col Benjamin Logen and Cap John Huching the also Inform us that the Creek Nation will take the Same Mesa(-) with them, which would be a fortunate Circum- stance to this as well as our Neighbouring or Sistren States to the Southward and the joint Intrust of All - The Chickasaws Cheiffs urging in their own justification that When Gen! Clark came in to their Country and Built a fort and Settled many famileys in their Countrey the thought themselves obliged to Defend their Native Country by arms and that the should not have taken up against us on any other grounds which as far as I can judge of facts I Raley Beleve it to be the case If a peace Could be Conncluded with those two Nations the Chicasaws and Creeks it would Effectuly put a stop to the Chero- kees and Cheeckamogga Indians Committing Depridations on any of our frontears and Compleat the Happiness of the inhabitants who have long sufferd by them and we Conceive tht Such an Aliance Might Greately Discurrage the Shawney and other westren Tribes, Should this not be an Obstacle in the way I am Told that Gen! Clark Sent an Express to Post St Vancent to Mr Dolten their, the Purport thereof is injoined on llr Dolten to Keep it Secret the Same Evening Sume Disefected Men that harbours amongst us Stole about fifteen Horses from the french at that Place, -on their 1 Colonel John Donelson served at a Virginia commissioner (1771), appointed to run the Cherokee boundary line. Early in March, 1778 he was in command of a company of men at Boonesborough. He was in charge of the expedition which went by water from the Holston settlements to join James Robertson at Nashville in 1779-1780. LOGAN TO HARRISON, AUGUST 31, 1782 Missing their Horses next Morning they Emediately Demanded a Sight of the Express which was Denied them they then Desired Mr Dalten Not to send the Messenjer away until he new his Arrent Notwithstanding the caution the Express was Dispached that Eve- ning and came safe to the falls this Raised a Jellosey among the french that it was with Concent of Gen! Clark the men went their and if this Breach is not Spedely Made up the consequences their of is to be Dreaded, the french say that if this be the Treatment from us they will be obliged to Defend their Property by Engaging the Deffrent Tribes of Indians to the westward of them that are Now at Peace to Come to war against us - Our Scaterd Inhabitants ar Daly Deminishing Having Lost 65 of our militia in a Late unfortunate Action with them the Purticulars whereof you will have from Colo Logan the Commanding officer of this County I would Beg leave to Assure your Excelancy that my hartey wish and Earnes Desire for the Public weal was the onley Ocation of My Troubling you with the above Observation I take the Honour to be your Excel- lancy's Most Obt Hble Sert JOHN BOWMAN Favored by Mr. Patterson BENJAMIN LOGAN TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, August 31, 1782 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.] 1 LINCOLN 3 1th Augt 1782. SIR I beg leave to present your Excellency Council with one of the most melancholy events that has happened in all this western Country-On the 14th inst Capt Holder from Fayette pursued a party of Indians who had made prisoners of a couple of boys in his neighborhood; he overtook them and was repulsed with the loss of four men - On the i6th a considerable army appeared before Bryants station under the command of the noted Simon Girty and 'This letter, with slight variations, is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3 :280-283. IOI 102 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS many other white men: they attacked the station closely and de- feated different parties endeavoring to throw in assistance, but with- out much loss on our side - An Express was immediately dispatched to ColQ JnQ Todd who at that time was in this County in the neigh- borhood of Colo Trigg -On the 17t1i at night I received a letter from ColQ Trigg wherein he informed me of what had passed - orders were immediately given for every man to turn out on Sunday the ,8tP1 I crossed the Kentuckey with a considerable de- tachment the day after arrived at Bryants where I understood the Indians had raised the seige were followed by ColQ John Todd with 135 of the Lincoln Militia under Col Trigg and 45 of the Fayette under ColQ Boone dreading the consequences that might ensue from this precipitate affair I immediately pushed within a few miles from Bryants we were met by abot 25 men who informed of a total defeat at the Big Blue licks on Licking I covered their retreat and marched back to Bryants where I collected 470 men the 24th went to the battle ground buried 43 - Our loss in this action is 50 missing from Lincoln 15 from Fayette: among whom are Col' Todd Trigg (Trigg was quartered) Major Har- lin, Capta McBride, Gordon, Kinkaid Overton Lieute Givings, Kennedy McMurtry, Rogers McGuire, and Mr Joseph Lindsey our Commissary. From the situation of the ground on which our men were drawn upon (the plan whereof I have taken the liberty to enclose) I hardly know how it was possible for any to escape. I am inclined to believe that wher vour Excellency and Council become acquainted with the military -Operations in this country that you will not think them so properly conducted as to answer the general interest of Kentuckey - From the accounts we had received by prisoners who had escaped this spring we were confident of an invasion from the De Troit Indians: - Common safety then made some scheme of defence necessary for which purpose I was called upon by General Clarke to attend a Council and after con- sulting matters it was determined to Build a fort at the mouth of Licking shortly I received his orders for No men to attend this business with a certain number from Fayette - Before the day of rendezvous I was instructed to send the men to the falls of Ohio in order to build a strong Garrison and a new Galley thus by weak- LOGAN TO HARRISON, aUGUST 31, 1782 ening One end to strengthen another the upper part of the country was left entirely exposed the enemy intercepting our designs brought their intended expedition ago the Frontiers of Fayette- The immense expences incurred by the State in this western country we know is enough to prevent the Government from giving us any farther aid, but when your Excellency Council are informed that the people have never been benefited by those expenditures we shall hope your compassion will be extended to a detached, distressed part of your country, As it is not in the power of the people to answer the misapplica- [tion] of anything done by a proper Officer- General Irvin commanding at Fort Pitt as a Continental officer might probably be more assistance to this country could he receive proper supplies from the state of Virginia than any other measure that could be adopted as he has the same enemies to encounter that trouble us-And Stores of every kind seem to be of little account to us (ammunition excepted) - Cola Trigg being killed there is a field officer wanting in this county, however I am at a loss how to proceed on the occasion for all our Magistrates have been killed except three and there can be no Court to send a recommendation - ColQ Harrod who formerly acted as a Cole and who agreeable to sincerity ought to have re- ceived a commission is now in being I think a very proper person for that purpose. Before I conclude I must beg leave to suggest to your Excel- lency Council that a defensive war can not be carried on with Indians and the Inhabitants remain in any kind of safety-For unless you can go to their Towns and scourge them they will never make a peace, but on the contrary keep parties constantly in your country to kill and the plunder they get answers them instead of Trade Some days past a white man one Mr Simon Burney with his Indians arrived at this place in company with two warriors with talks from the Chickesaw nation-wherein they inform us of their desire to conclude a peace and the reason that urged them to war which was General Clarke's setting Fort Jefferson in their hunt- ing ground without consulting them first and are now enquiring for him. They own they have done mischief in this as well as I03 104 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS the infant Settlement on Cumberland. Should your Excellency Council think proper to hold a treaty with these people - Coll John Doneldson who has before served as an Agent for the State is willing to transact any business of that kind. Since writing the foregoing lines I have received certain infor- mation that Kinchelan's [Kincheloe's] fort in Jefferson was burned 37 Souls made prisoners Your Excellency Council will please to indulge me a few moments longer when I take the liberty to add the situation of 470 persons who surrendered themselves prisoners of war to a British officer then on command from De Troit with a great number of indians - As well as I recollect these unhappy people were cap- tured in June 1780 And from authentick intelligence that we have received they were actually divided in the most distressing manner that could be invented - Many of the men were taken to De Troit their wives retained among the indians as slaves -Some of the men are now at Montreal and others in different parts towards the lakes. As the British were the perpetrators of this crual piece of mis- chief - I think by the Articles of the Cartel for the exchange re- lief of prisoners taken in the S: Department Subsequent measures taken by the different commissaries for that purpose: it is their business immediately to deliver up in this Country or at some Ameri- can post All the prisoners there taken - Or retaliation be had on our parts. Unless they are guarded back they will never get thro' the indian country. I have the honor to be, With the highest respect esteem Your Excellency's most obt Most Humble Servant BENJAMIN LOGAN Ct L. BATTLE OF THE BLUE LICKS, 1782 The indians kept the path from Bryants to the licks and when Colo Todd arrived at the Top of the Hill on this side of the river the enemy made a shew of abt 30 in the bent. Our men marched over upon the Hill. The indians had a very strong line in front which extended from one point of the river to the other They had flankers and also a party in the rear in order to prevent a retreat As the river was very deep only at the licks and the cliffs so steep that a passage was impracticable only where they first marched in - thus circumstanced the savages sure of victory rushed imme- diately up and threw our men into confusion -What escaped re- turned mostly by the way of the Lick - Many were killed after they were made prisoners as they were seen tied From Bryants Station to the Blue licks abt 40 miles from there to the Ohio abt 20 or 25. The Bent of the river was generally abt Y2 mile over from the top of the ridge each way inside down small dreans -in these places lay many indians undiscovered until the attack began. It appears near all the warriors are this side of De Troit even on this expedition -Some allies 6oo or more Major Bulger was mortally wounded and is since dead. 105 io6 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, August 31, 1782 [Draper MSS., 5PJ38.-A.L.S.] 31 August. I782 DEAR GENERAL. The Spies have returned without making the least discovery of the Enemy altho they went three miles above Boons old Station; neither has ColQ Cox any intelligence of them. I recO Acct from him Yesterday. I am really weary of Conjecture with regard to Bushes Indians; if you'll please to send him out this evening on Horse back I will send others with him to the Spot. I had other Spies out yesterday almost to Bullskin along the Old trace below it, they made no discovery. I've been since endeavouring to en- gage some to go across to Kentuckey as they must in that rout cross the Indian Trace; but I like your plan best will drop the other if youll please to send Bush out. Just as the Express left Coll Coxes, And'" Vaughn arrived from Lincoln who says Coll Logan with his party marched no farther than the field of Battle Buried the dead returned. I hear no alter- ation in the acct only that Col9 Boon is not killed, Col9 Trigg Todd both found at the Battle Ground. I am apprehensive it is Levy Todd. It is to be doubted that more have fallen than we have heard of. I thank you for the news from the Westward, I am much astonished to hear of Daltons Conduct but what is it now adays that men will not be guilty of I am greatly embarrassed grieved for the loss of our Friends so many brave Men as fell in Fayette. Dear Genl when shall we have it in our power to retaliate Shall we ever I am Dr Genl with the utmost Esteem your Obdt Servt GENL CLARK JNO FLOYD JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, September I, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J39.-A.L.S.] I t Sept 1782 SIR. I have embodied the whole strength of Beargrass which is fit for action, find that the number does not exceed 65 men; The FLOYD TO CLARK, SEPTEMBER 1, 1782 Field Officers being here also, I have laid your Letter before them who are of Opinion that if the Enemy are determined to march off, it will be too late to pursue them tomorrow morning, if waiting for an attack, that the party will be too weak to risk an Engagemt as a defeat would perhaps be fatal to this County. I shall use all my endeavours to send Spies to Kentuckey, Drinnens Lick s I now wait to hear from ColQ Cox. perhaps his Intelligence may make it necessary to apply again for your reinforcemt Your Hint of the Enemy being yet about the little Posts at Salt River brings to my mind a Circumstance which I forgot to mention this morns The Express from the Salt Works informed me that the man who came there last night with the Intelligence discovered a party of the Enemy at the Mud Garrison had like to have been taken by them, but I did not enquire in what manner. If you think it pru- dent to endeavour with all the Force I can raise to endeavour to join Col9 Cox without waiting to hear from him, please to let me know it this Evening as it will be useless unless we can march early in the Morning. I am informed that it was last Night that ColQ Cox his party were at Whittakers Station not the night before as I informed you in my last. I am Sir your most Obdt Hble Servt JNQ FLOYD Since writing the above your Troops have arrived upon deliber- ation it is thought by the whole of the Officers that an Excurtion before we are certified the Enemy are on their retreat would be imprudent, for which purpose I have sent out Scouts detained Mr Williamses party till morning expecting in the mean time to hear from Salt river. I am much perplexed entirely at a loss how to act for the best. J. F. 2d Sept 82 The Spies I sent out yesterday have not yet returned which prevents my being able to send you any Intelligence to-day, neither have I heard from Cole Cox so that it appears that Mr Williams the party from the Falls may return. I expect the Spies in to night shall send to you immediately after. Your most Obdt JNO FLOYD Addressed: General Clark Fort Nelson Pr Express Endorsed: ColP Floyd Sept 2 82. 107 i08 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JOHN GIBSON TO WILLIAM DAVIES, September 2, 1782 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:286.] FORT PITT Septem. 2d 1782 "DEAR COLONEL This moment I was honoured with yours of the 22d of August per Express. Inclosed is a return of the officers of my Reg't now here and of those three who went last from this place to join the troops with you. Inclosed is a narrative of Doctor Knight, by which you will be made acquainted with the inhuman sufferings of our late worthy friend Colo. Crawford, and of the Fortitude with which he bore them to the last. I am sorry to hear that the As- sembly of the Ancient Dominion has done nothing for us, however still hope they will consider our services. An Expedition is in agitation here against Sanduskey, Genl: Irwin to command. the proposal from the people. they are to furnish one thousand men from the militia, and also horses, flour and cattle at their own Ex- pence unless the states will in future pay them. The Genl: takes one hundred of the regulars from this post which is nearly half the number here. I am much afraid it will not be carried into execu- tion as the people are much divided. Should the Expedition take place I am to goe with the Genl: and hope in a few days after our return to pay you a visit at Richmond-The General is hurrying the Express c- Just as I was closing my letter I rec'd a letter from Clarke at the Falls of Ohio dated the ioth of August. he writes me every thing was then quiet. that he had sent the Express as he had learned by Major Wailes, Genl: Irwin intended carrying our Expedition into the Indian Country, in order to fix the time when the Genl: would move, that he might make an Excursion at the same time." I am c. c. Not found JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, September 3, 1782 [Draper MSS., 5zJ4o.-A.L.S.] 30 Sept IO OClock 82. SIR My Spies have this moment returned brought Intelligence of the Savages who took Kinchelows Station. Yesterday about 2 FLOYD TO CLARK, SEPTEMBER 3,1782 OClock P M the Savages crossed Harrods Old Trace on the Ridge beyond Brashears Creek. I directed the spies to go as far as the trace the Enemy marched along to attack the Station: they did so, found they had marched in two Columns about 200 yards on this side their first Trace it appeared that about 30 had marched off Supposed to have gone on Sunday with the prisoners. And on their return Saw the sign of the main body about half a mile on this side; so that they had only gone a few minutes before. Mr Pomery one of the Spies thinks their whole number does not exceed I50 perhaps not so many. If you think we can defeat them let no time be lost in letting me know it, that I may collect all the men who are able to march. I am now convinced they are on their retreat so that it will not be any great risque in drawing the men from the Stations. I am also convinced that the Enemy have de- layed some to give us an Opportl to attack them, it is truly morti- fying to think they should miss of it, yet I am sensible of the Evill consequences that might attend our engaging them to a disadvantage. I have not heard a word of Coll Cox which really Surprises me. The last time I wrote him I directed if he went in pursuit of the Enemy to send an Express with an appointmt where we might meet. - -I- still think he will send to day. - - I now wait for your advice Instructions how to act please to hurry the Express back. I am Dear Gent your most Obj' Hble Servt GENL CLARK JNO FLOYD log CHAPTER V COOPERATIVE EXPEDITIONS PLANNED BY GENERAL WILLIAM IRVINE FROM FORT PITT AND GENERAL CLARK FROM FORT NELSON, SEPTEMBER 3, 1782- OCTOBER i9, 1782 EFFECTS OF CRAWFORD'S DEFEAT AND THE BATFLE OF THE BLUE LICKS -CALL FOR VOLUNTEERS - CRITICISM OF CLARK - ADDITIONAL FORTS TO BE BUILT ON THE OHIO -ORIGIN OF CRITICISMS ON CLARK AND HIS ASSOCIATES. WILLIAM IRVINE TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, September 3, 1782 [Draper MSS., I SI44-145.-TransCript.] 1 FORT PITT, September 3d 1782. SIR: From about the middle to the last of July, the Indians were very troublesome, threatened an investiture of this post --- Hanna's Town was attacked burned, abt 20 were killed taken there in the vicinity; Wheeling was at the same time in some degree blockaded, a large party of Indians kept skulking about it five or six days; in short, they appeared in all quarters; the alarm con- sternation of the inhabitants for two weeks was such that a total evacuation of the country was to be dreaded. Since the 01 of August everything has been perfectly quiet, the people have in a great degree got over their panic. I am now preparing for an excursion into the Indian country. My troops are chiefly to be volunteer militia, who propose not only to equip feed themselves, but also such Continental troops as I can take with me. If we succeed in burning the Shawanee, Delaware Wyandott towns, it will put an end to the Indian war in this quar- ter. I am made more sanguine in this business by an express from Gen! Clark last night, n order to concert measures for a descent from his quarter at the same time; if we can regulate our movements so as to strike different towns at the same time, the probability of success will be greater, the business more effectual. Yet I am 'This letter, very much edited, is printed in Washington-Irvine Corre- s pondence, 270-271. IIO TODD TO HARRISON, SEPTEMBER 11, 1782 I II not without my fears. You know that the militia are as brave as regulars, yet it is impossible to bring them to act with necessary promptitude or exactness indispensable in war. Genf Clark's express informs me of Majr Wales having arrived safe at the Falls with his stores. WI IRVINE WILLIAM IRVINE TO CLARK, September 9, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J44.-A.L.S.] 1 FORT PITT September 9th 1782 SIR I received your favor of the ioth August, eight days ago, my reason for detaining your Express so long, was if possible to inform you positively what you might depend on from us.-As the pass- age may be precarious I must refer you for full information to Messre Sullivan Floyd Being informed by Major Craig that you are not well supplied, with three pound Shot have sent you 50 I also send the last news papers for your amusement I am with regard Dear Sir Your Obedient Humble Servant WY IRVINE THE HONBi-E BRIG GENL CLARK FORT NELSON LEVI TODD2 TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, September I I, 1782 [Draper MSS., IIS203-205.-Transcript.js SIR: Enclosed is a copy of the recommendations made at our last court. So great a change proceeds from a cause truly lamentable; the loss of our County Lieutenant, and a number of subalterns at the late attacks, but particularly at our defeat at the Blue Licks, 'This letter, considerably edited, is printed in Washington-Irvine Cor- respondence, 396. 'For Colonel Levi Todd, see Clark Papers, 374, note i. 'This letter, with some variations, is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:300-301. 112 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS where the enemy put us wholly to the route. The circumstances particulars are these: On the i6th of August, a party of Indians appeared at Bryant's, by their behavior a large party was supposed to lie around the Fort. An express was sent here; my brother being absent, I went with about 30 men to make discovery, force my way into the Fort; near Bryant's I was joined with about ten more. Finding the enemy lay around, we forcing our way --- I7 men on horseback rushed in; the greater part of the rest being on foot, were prevented overpowered, obliged to seek safety by flight, with the loss of one killed three wounded, one of whom died the next morning. I immediately dispatched an express to Col. Trigg, the nighest officer in Lincoln, demanding assistance, and also notice to Col. Jnq Todd, then in Lincoln. The enemv commanded by Simon Girty made an attempt to fire the Fort, but were prevented with much loss; they, however, kept up a smart fire till the morning of the 17th, when they went off. The same evening Col. Jn9 Todd Col. Trigg arrived with a party of men, who with what we could raise, soon made I70. On the morning of the x8th we pursued their trail; on the morning of the 1Pth we came within sight of the enemy, about three fourths of a mile north of the Lower Blue Licks. We dismounted began the attack with vigour from our left, the enemy retreated we gained ground; our right within a minute or two gave way, suffered themselves to be flanked by the enemy. Our line then gradually gave way from our right to our left, till the whole broke in confusion. The action lasted about five minutes. Our loss, as near as we can ascertain, is sixty six, among whom were commanding officer, ColP John Todd, Col. Trigg, Capto Gordon, McBride, Kinkaid, Over- ton, Major Harlan, Major Bulger (who since died of his wounds,) Mr. Jos. Lindsay, several gentlemen of note. The enemy, we suppose, consisted of three or four hundred. They took some prison- ers, we suppose, tho' very few; upwards of 40 were found, but we think a number more lay near the battle-ground. The enemy must have suffered considerably. A great part of our men fought with much resolution activity. BOONE ET AL. TO HARRISON, 1782 The conduct of the officers is by some censured charged with want of prudence in attacking at any rate; but as we had no chance to know their number, we thought ours was not much inferior, and suppose we should by a fierce attack throw them in confusion beat their lines. We are much alarmed in this county, and fear the consequence will be very detrimental, if Government cannot give assistance, tho' our great dependance is that if the County Surveyor would attend, we should be strengthened with additional settlers not a few. I am, Sir, your Excellency's moft obedt very humble servt, LEVI TODD LEXINGTON, FAYETTE COUNTY, Sept. I I, I 782. DANIEL BOONE ET AL. TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, September II, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] 1 LEXINGTON FAYETTE COUNTY Sept I lb 82 SIR The Officers Civil as well as Military of this County beg the At- tention of your excellency the Hble Coui.-el. The Number of the Enemy that lately penetrated into our County, their Behavour, adding to this our late unhappy Defeat at the Blue Licks, fill us with the deepest concern Anxiety, the Loss of our worthy Officers Soulders who fell there the igth of Auget we Sensibly feel deem our Situation truly Alarming, We can scarcely Behold a spot of Earth but what reminds us of the fall of some fellow adventurer, Massacred by Savage hands, Our Number of i'ilitia decreases, Our Widows Orphants are numerous Our Officers worthiest Men fall a Sacrifise. In short Sir, our Settlement hitherto form'd at the Expence of Treasure much Blood seems to decline if something is not speedily done we doubt will wholly be depopulated the Executive we Believe think often of us wish to protect us, but, Sir, we believe any Military Operations that for i8 Months past have been carried on in Consequence of Orders from the Execu- tive, have rather been detrimental than Beneficial, Our Militia are called on to do Duty in a manner that has a tendency to protect 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:301-302. 11I3 I14 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Jefferson County, or Rather Louisville, a Town without Inhabitants a Fort situated in such a Manner that the Enemy coming with a design to Lay waste our Countrey would scarcely come within one Hundred miles of it, our own Frontiers, open unguarded, Our Inhabitants are discouraged tis now near two Years since the di- vision of the County, no Surveyor has ever appeared among us, but has by Appointment from time to time deceived us, our princi- pal expectation of Strength are from him, during his absence from the County Claimants of Land disappear when if Otherwise they would be an additional Strength, we entreat the Executive to examine into the Cause and remove it spedily -- If it is thought impracticable to carry the war into the Enemys Country we beg the plan of building a Garrison at the Mouth of Lime stone another at the mouth of Licking formerly prescribed by your Ex- cellency might be again adopted performed, A Garrison at the mouth of Limestone would be a Landing place for adventures from the Back parts of Pensylva Virge, adjacent to a Large a Body of Good Land which would be Speedily Settled -would be exactly in the Enemys princiapal crossing place, not more than fifty Miles from Lexington, our Largest settlement, might readily be furnished with provitions from above, till they would be supplied from our settlements here - Major Netherland we expect will deliver this he will attend to give any perticular information that may be deem'd necessary - Humanity towards Inhabitants destitute of Hopes of any other aid; will surely induce your Excellency to spair from the Interior parts of the State 200 Men and a few pieces of Artillery for these purposes above mentioned We are Sir yr Excellencys Mot Obt Hble Servt DANIEL BOONE LEVI TODD P PATTERSON R NETHERLAND ELI CLEVELAND WM HENDERSON WM MOCONNALLE JOHN CRAIG W" M CONNELL STEELE TO HARRISON, SEPTEMBER 12, 1782 115 ANDREW STEELE TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, September 12, I782 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:303-304.] FAYETTE Co. Ky. LEXINGTON Septem. 12th 1782 "SIR, The present Important allarming Crisis claim the serious Attention mature Deliberation of Your Excellency the Honour- able House. The frequent Incursions Hostile Depredations of a Savage Enemy upon our Exterior Posts, our Despersed Legions, our veteran army defeated, our Widows Tears orphans cries grate strongly on the Ear, nay Thunder at the Door of your Coun- cil, not only for acts of consideration, but Protection redress. To express the feelings of the Inhabitants at the Ruefull scenes of Barbarities daily perpetrated amongst us, barrs all words cut Description short. So fatal is the stroke that a second similar to that we have already Rec'd will close the Catastrophy Terminate the Intire Devastation of our County. I would beg leave to in- form you that annually since the seventeen Hund'd seventy eight, an army of not less than three Hund'd Saveges Infested our Terri- tories since seventy six, Eight Hundred sixty Effective men fell, the matchless massacread victims of their unprecedented Cruelty. A few of the primitive adventurers yet survive, who supplicate your Excellencies Immediate Interposition in their behalf, in granting them such strength, as may enable them to carry on an offensive war, or at least Act in the Defensive with safety, for if some mode of preservation is not speedily adopted the wealthy will forthwith Emigrate to the Interior parts of the Settlement the Poor to the Spaniards. Dreadfull alternative!! Nature recoils at the thought! - further, from the Jealous apprehension of the Inhabitants I am under the Disagreeable necessity of Informing your Excellency that from the Detainour of our County Surveyor (from whom their greatest Expectations of strength was derived) they are Induced to believe you have either withdrawn that Paternal care which they have long Rely'd on or rather the Executive Body are Dubious of the authenticity of their Claim to those Western Territories -I would also observe that the many Military Operations hitherto Effected, or rather Intended for our safety (the Seventeen Hundred Eighty Indian Expedition excluded, the Honour whereof is Justly ii6 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS due to the militia) have centred at Louisville, a Town distant one Hund'd miles from the Center of our County, to which together with Fort Jefferson, Elinois St. Vincennes, may the Innormous Expence of the Western fronteers be Attributed not to the Coun- ties of Kanetucky, which in competition would be less than a Mathe- matical Point. To Conclude, Permit us, once more the Indigent Offspring of an oppulent father, if not Equally to share, yet to par- take of your Kind patronage Protection beg you would adopt such measures as your Superior Wisdom may suggest to Promote the Peace, wellfare Tranquility of your Suppliants in particular the Interest of the Commonwealth in Genl. Then shall we Con- gratulate ourselves in having you the Illustrious Patron Protector of our Lives, Laws Religious Liberties, when :he annals of His- tory will rank your name among the Bravest Patriots Wisest Politicians Gratitude like a Torrent will flow from the Heart of every Kanetuckian, whilst we Experience with what firmness you have supported our Interest. Our universal Joy fervent Ex- pressions of Allegiance Gratitude. Those public Testimonies of our Felicities will be Too convinc- ing Proofs to Require any argument to support them. The Author begs leave to subscribe himself, a Friend to the Commonwealth your Excellency's most obed't humbl. Servant" WILLIAM IRVINE TO CLARK, September i6, I782 [Draper MSS., 52J45.-A.L.S.] FORT PITT Sepr I6th 1782 DEAR SIR If the bearer Mr Floyd arrives safe he will inform you of the disaster which befel Sullivan himself, and also of my views, and the time I propose marching. By what Mr Floyd in- forms me, you can reach your object in five days less than I can mine, if so we shall be still able to form a Junction in case you should not march till he arrives if he has a speedy passage - which will doubt- less be necessary to insure success to either. If any possible mode can be adopted for keeping up a correspondence, after we reach some distance into the Enemys Country it will be highly expedient - I FLEMING TO HARRISON, SEPTEMBER 26,1782 I 17 will attempt it on my part, and am persuaded you will do so too. I am Dear Sir Your Obedient Humble Servant W IRVI NE GENERAL CLARK [Notes on slip attached to the above letter as follows:] March from Ohio 2It Sepr towards upper Sandusky, Troops com- posed Regulars - Militia - 50 days provisions - - M 85o --- R 100 750 Regulars 1200 Militia - -two 12 pounders, two Sixes, I How- itzer to March from Wheeling, against Detroit about the 21"s Sepr Addressed: The Honbie Brigadier General Clark By Express Falls of Ohio Public Service WILLIAM FLEMING TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, September 26, I782 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3 :327-328.] BOTETOURT Septem. 26th, 1782 "SIR I wrote your Excellency by Express of the 4th Inst: to which I have had no return, but received the papers instructions of the gth by a rider dispatched by Mr. Hay C. A. who delivered the travelling stores c., and 150 specie. I am sorry to observe the money is by no means adequate to the purposes: however that diffi- culty may perhaps be got over. this morning Mr. Peterson handed me an open letter from Col: Logan for the Executive, informing your Excellency of the melancholy catastrophy of many valuable people in that Country. Your Excellency will perceive that Coun- try is in a great confusion and disorder, and be convinced the powers desired by the Commiss'r, in the letter I had the honour of writing your Excellency by Armstrong are not altogether unnecessary- permit me to transcribe part of a letter I received from Col: Bow- man, of the 30th of August last dated "Lincoln" "some of our men have been stealing horses from the French at Oport [O Post],' which has occasioned great disturbance among them. The French ' 0 Post was the name commonly used for Vincennes by the traders. Xx 8 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS sent 50 of the Oport Indians after their horses, retook all their horses. one of our men is missing, we suppose he is killed. What has raised the Jealousy of the French, is that Genl: Clark's Express arrived but a few days before the horses were taken, to MIr. Dalton to contrive the cannon privately from Oport to the falls. The French demanding a sight of the express, it was refused, which has confirmed their opinion that Genl: Clark is concerned in sending the men there for that purpose, and if this breach is not made up shortly we may expect all the Western Indians on our backs." I must suppose Genl: Clark has sent for the heavy cannon agreeable to instructions, to be removed with as little noise as possible, how- ever the taking the horses in a clandestine way, as it is represented in the above extract, may make it more difficult for the Commiss'r of Acc'ts to settle examine into the business of that part of the country. I design, with the other Comssrs. to set out the first of Oct'r. we may be detained a few days in Washington county, to make up a sufficient party to pass with security to Kentucky. Mr. Granville Smith is come up, but is wavering in his resolution to go out, as he thinks it will be exceeding difficult to provide horses other necessarys without money. meeting with Col: Logan's Express, I thought it might not be amiss to write by him. I have the honour to be, with great respect Your Excellency's most obt. Humble Servant." WILLIAM CHRISTIAN' To BENJAMIN HARRISON, September 28, 1782 [Cal. of V7a. State Papers, 3:331-333.] MONTGOMERY CO. Septem. 28th, I782. "SIR, I take the Liberty of addressing a few Lines to your Excellency, upon the Subject of the Kentucky Country, and flatter myself it requires no apology, as you are acquainted with my being a Repre- 1 Colonel William Christian represented Fincastle County in the Vir- ginia legislature (1774) and commanded a regiment from that county in Dunmore's War. During 1776, in charge of a force of seventeen hundred men, he marched against the Cherokee and burned their towns. He was one of the commissioners to treat with this tribe (178I). After the Revo- lution he removed to the neighborhood of Louisville where he was killed by a party of Indians (1786). CHRISTIAN TO HARRISON, SEPTEMBER, 1782 iiq sentative for that Country. A few days ago, the Report of an Expedition made by the Savages into Fayette reached this far, and perhaps may be at Richmond before this Letter; but as I have seen a Letter from Colo. Levi Todd, I will enclose an extract from it, for your Satisfaction, as you may not yet have had any well authenti- cated account from thence. The number of men killed is a lamentable thing for that Coun- try, and the loss of some of their principal and best officers adds greatly to their sorrow. Besides this disastrous Event, a few Days after, 37 people were taken in a station upon Salt river, about 40 miles from the Falls. These successes will surely encourage the Shawanese to new Enterprizes. Kentuckey it is supposed does not contain above ioo men at present, the general Part of the young men having come off this summer, as is commonly the case when Danger appears there. The Settlements are so much scattered, that it is difficult, and takes some Days to collect a Force together, particularly to go to any Distance from their own Families, when no other man knows what number of the Enemy have entered the Country, nor where the first Stroke will be made. The last Blow has cast a Gloom over the whole Country, and indeed Sir, their Distress is so great, that I need not attempt to describe it. And moreover, all accounts agree that there is Danger from the Wabash Indians, who are disgusted with our Procedings in their Country. It is true numbers of People are now on the Road, moving out, but from the encumbrance of women, children and stock, the men will be of little service in fighting for the Country this year. And I am doubtful many of them will turn into Carolina towards the Cherokees where they may live in safety. If no succour is sent to Kentuckey, and the war with the British continues another Year, it is more than Probable the whole of the Inhabitants will be killed, taken to Detroit or driven away: And when that is no longer a Barrier, Washington, Montgomery and Greenbrier must suffer. These Counties have suffered this year from small Parties, but Ken- tucky employs the attention of the Bulk of the Shawney Nation. Your Excellency will please to reflect that any Force which may be marched from Fort Pitt against their immediate enemies, will be of no service to Kentuckey, or the Rest of our Frontiers Southwest of 120 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Augusta, which seems to be the distance allotted to the Shawnese and Mingos. I believe Colo. Crawford's Expedition was against Sanduskey, and if General Irvine carries on another, it will prob- ably be the same Course, and do as but little good - From your Excellencies known humanity and willingness to releive every Part of the Country under your Care, I can have no doubt, but you will readily fall upon any measures which may appear to you eligible for the Support of Kentuckey. I would therefore propose to your consideration the Expediency of having Garrisons erected upon the Ohio, and defended by regular Troops, as I hope you could spare a Regiment from the lower Country. Besides the Falls, the mouth of Kentucky and mouth of Licking would be proper Places. Perhaps Spotswood's Legion could be sent out: Such of them as are equipt as Dragoons would be of essen- tial service against Indians. Even musket men with bayonets would be of more use than it is generally thought: as the Indians of late depend more upon the use of their Tomhaks and Spears, than their Fire- In the mean time Sir, until something more permanent can be done for the country, I am induced to offer myself to your Excel- lency and the Council, to aim at raising five hundred Volunteers in the Counties of Augusta, Rockbridge, Greenbrier, Botetourt, Montgomery Washington to hasten out on Horseback. And when arrived there I would expect to be joined by what Force that country could spare, and would suppose the whole might form a Brigade of imo men: and with them I would hope to be able to make an excursion throughout the Shawnee country. Considering the Finances of our country, I should expect every man to find him- self a Horse, arms and accoutrements, and also Provisions Forage to carry him as far as Washington Court House, where some supply might be procured out of the Taxes of that County, to last from thence to Kentucky. I would wish to avoid all unnecessary Parade Expence, and also the being encumbered with Beeves or Pack- horses. I suppose the men would expect to have their Horses and accountrements valued, if lost, paid for at some future Day; and no doubt they would think of being entitled to the same Pay as others in like service, for the Provisions found themselves. The CAMPBELL TO DAVIES, OCTOBER 3, 1782 121 men who would go from here would not be too many for acting as mounted Infantry Dragoons. Perhaps I could procure a few proper Horsemen from Henry, Bedford Amherst. And I have a chance for some in Sullivan County upon Holston. Col: Preston of this County and Col: Campbell of Washington, have both offered me their assistance, and I expect I should have the assistance of the Officers in the other Counties. The season of the year may be thought unfavourable for such a scheme: but I conceive it would be no great obstacle to such men as would be excited to go from motives of Generosity zeal for the People of Kentuckey. Horses can live well all the winter at Kentuckey, and in the Shawney Country, and a successful attack upon Indians in the winter, would Distress them vastly more than at any other Season. If the whole number of volunteers I mentioned cannot be got no doubt a con- siderable part can, and ever so few going out would Inspirit the People of Kentuckey, and give new life to their operations. Should your Excellency the Council think well of my pro- posals, I hope you will hold out such encouragements for the Volun- teers as you think Right; and give me such instructions and Powers as you may judge proper. The Bearer Capt: MacCorkle will be able to give any further Information you may want, and can convey your Orders to the several Counties to me. I beg your Excellency to believe I have not the most distant wish to acquire any lasting Command in the Western Country; a few months will afford Time for all I expect to execute so that any Appointment you may vest me with, cannot interfere with any other Person there. If the Plan is approved it endeavour to go through with it, And if not, I will not Doubt but your Excellency will do the best for that Country that you find can be done with a good Prospect. I am Sir, your most obedient humble Servant." ARTHUR CAMPBELL TO WILLIAM DAVIES, October 3, I782 [Cal. of ['a. State Papers, 3:337-338.] WASHINGTON Co. October 3d, 1782. "SIR From Col: Christian and the accounts sent by Alajor Nether- land, the Executive may be fully informed of the State of the War 122 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS in the Kentucky Country. What if it should be the policy of the British Ministry to drive in from the other side the Apalachian mountain before the signing the preliminaries of peace. At any rate they are uniting the Savage Tribes, and endeavoring to sow the seeds of deep laid animosity, which will lengthen the Indian war to a longer period than most imagine. Nothing now will put an end to it, but a decided blow in the enemies country, and a peace given them in the hour of their panic and misfortune, afterwards conducted by a proper Superintendency, or that Canada becomes ours, or our Allies. The method of arming and arraying our militia ought to be varied. The Bayonet and Scymeter must be introduced to enable us now to face the Indians. And Evolutions suited to the woods should be learned both by Foot and Horse. All our late defeats have been occasioned thro' neglect of these, and a want of a proper authority and capacity in the Commanding Officers. Never was the lives of so many valuable men lost more shamefully than in the late action of the i9th of August, and that not a little thro' the vain and seditious expressions of a Major McGeary. How much more harm than good can one fool do. Todd Trigg had capacity but wanted experience. Boone, Harlin and Lindsay had experience, but were defective in capacity. Good however would it have been, had their advice been followed. Logan is a dull, narrow body from whom nothing clever need be expected. What a figure he exhibited at the head of near 500 men to reach the field of action six days afterwards, and hardly wait to bury the dead, and when it was plain, part of the Indians were still in the Coun- try. Genl. Clarke is in that country, but he has lost the confidence of the people, and it is said become a Sot; perhaps something worse. The chance is now against General Irvine's succeeding: disap- pointed in Clarkes co-operation, which he was promised, and it is said set out with only I200 men. Simon Girty can out number him; and flushed with so many victories, to his natural boldness, he will be confident. This state of our Western Affairs calls for the united wisdom and most serious attention of the Executive. IRVINE TO CLARK, OCTOBER 3, 1782 The Carolinians are gone on with their Expedition against those Cherokees, they say that gives an asylum to Tories. I wish they may succeed, but still dread the consequence of mul- tiplying our Enemies. Two Chickasaw Chiefs have been at the Carolina Settlement on the Shawanee or Cumberland River, from thence they came to our Settlement on Kentucky. Peace are their profession, but complain of our making settlement at the Iron Bank, on the Mississippi. I esteem your person, and like your politicks, therefore send you this communication, merely for your private information. I am sir with usual respect your very humble servant" c. c. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO COUNTY LIEUTENANTS, October IO, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, x782, pp. 6-7, Va. State Archives.] COUNTY LIEUTENANTS OF WASHINGTON MONTGOMERY.- IN COUNCIL OCtor ioth, 1782. SIR Some very alarming accounts from Kentuckey may render it necessary to send an aid of Militia into that Country, if it should so turn out, you will receive the information from General Clarke to whom I have given Orders to call on you for any number of men not exceeding should the General be so circumstanced as to be obliged to demand Assistance, I doubt not but your Hu- manity and Duty will be sufficient Incitements to an immediate compliance with his request. I am c. B. H. WILLIAM IRVINE TO CLARK, October 3, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J46.-A.L.S.] 1 FORT PITT October 3d 1782 Since I dispatched Mr Floyd, sundry obsticles have intervened to prevent my moving at the time propos'd, I have therefore thought proper to send this Express, as well to inform you of the causes of 'This letter, considerably edited, is published in Washington-Irvine Correspondence, 398-399. 123 124 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS my detention, (that you may know what to depend on), as of my present expectations and Views - If he can not arrive at the falls in time I flatter myself he will meet you, perhaps at such a place as it may be no great inconvenience for you to halt a few days, in case that step should appear expedient, on his Account of my in- tentions. I can not be more explicit for reasons I mention'd in my former letter - but I presume much depends on keeping good time, I mean that the one should not be long before the other. I am Dear Sir Your Obedient Humble Servant WY IRVINE P: S: you will give credit to what the bearer Mr Tate informs you from me, or to his companion James Amberson, I have prom- ised you will alow them provision, while they remain with you, and assist them to return if necessary. To GENERAL CLARK Addressed: Honble Brigadier General Clark Falls of Ohio By Express Endorsed by Clark: Received from Gen! Erwin at the Mouth of Licking Nov" 2d 1782 DANIEL BOONE TO THOMAS MARSHALL,' October 8, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J48.-L.S.] SIR The Officers Civil Military of this County Assembled do in Answer to your Request recommend that Every preperation Necessary be made towards opening the Surveyors Office Pro- ceeding to Business but that no Entries be received or other 'Colonel Thomas Marshall was a friend and neighbor of Washington. He served in the Virginia House of Burgesses for a number of years and during the Revolution was commanding officer of the Third Virginia Regi- ment, being promoted to lieutenant colonel on August I3, 1776, and colonel on February 21, 1777. In 1783, together with Judge Samuel McDowell, he was appointed surveyor of the public lands in Fayette County, Kentucky. He was also named surveyor general of public lands in Kentucky which had been appropriated by Virginia to the officers and soldiers of the Vir- ginia Line. In 1783 he moved to Kentucky and settled in Fayette County. He was father of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States Supreme Court. HARRISON TO LOGAN, OCTOBER 14, 1782 125 Business actually done before Monday the I4 " Inst. at which Time we wish you to proceed unless Orders from Geni Clark be issued in the County for drafting Men making other prep- erations for carrying on an Expedition into the Enemys Country DANIEL BOONE FAYETTE Octobr 8tb 1782 Addressed: Col. Thos Marshal WILLIAM DAVIES TO CLARK, October 12, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J49.-A.L.S.] WAR OFFICE Octr 12, '82. SIR The Executive, having taken into consideration the state of our western frontier, have directed me to inform you that if there should be any further occasion during tha fall of ordering out militia for the purpose o'i protecting the inhabitants in that quarter, you are hereby authorized to call for two hundred men properly officered from Washington Botetourt and Montgomery, in the following pro- portions, to wit, Washington 76. men, with a field officer to command the whole, Montgomery 64. and Botetourt 6o; or any less number you may think necessary. I am extremely concerned at the disaster your militia has lately met with, but hope the large number of peo- ple on their way out will prove a considerable accession of strength. I have not received a letter from you these several months, but have heard by the way of Fort Pitt of the arrival of the Stores at the falls. I am, very respectfully, Your very obedt Servt WILLIAM DAVIES. Addressed: Brig Gen Clark, Falls of Ohio BENJAMIN HARRISON TO BENJAMIN LOGAN, October 14, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 19-25, Va. State Archives.] COL2 BENJAMIN LOGAN. IN COUNCIL October I4th 1782. SIR I receiv'd your favor of the 3It' of August three days ago. I feel most sensibly for the loss you have sustain'd in so many brave, 126 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS and worthy Men but great as it is I see no reason for dispondency as you have still a great number of good and brave Men left, who have hearts and hands ready to revenge their beloved Country Men's death's when a proper Oppertunity shall offerj and that I hope is not at a great distance. Experience has ever shewn us that our people when commanded prudently are equal to any Men on Earth, let not therefore a Misfortune which may perhaps in some Measure be attributed to ourselves, sink your Spirits but rather let it stimu- late you to return the blow, and convince the merciless Savages that they shall not injure us with Impunity. -Gen: Clark's conduct in not erecting strong forts at the mouth of Kentuckey river and at the mouth of licking and limestone creeks and garrisoning them with sixty eight men each as he was order'd to do in December last sur- prises me much. The Executive saw the importance of these posts for the protection of the Country and gave Orders accordingly, and I had not the least suspition that they were not obey'd till the receipt of your Letter. I have now repeated them in such terms that I expect they will be obey'd, and I have empower'd him to call on the Counties of Washington, Montgomery and Botetourt for Assistance if he thinks it necessary for your protection this Fall or Winter, tho' I would not have this last step taken but in case of the greatest necessity, as the expence attending it may put it out of our power to do something more decisive in the Spring. True it is that the back Country has cost the State immense Sums of Money and that we at present feel the weight of the burden but I beg you to be assured that no pecuniary Consideration shall ever have weight enough with me to refuse you any assistance in my power in Times of distress, let your people be united and remember that they are part of Virginia and they will in a few years be with us a great and happy people overcome all their difficulties. - The distance betwixt this place and you is so great that it is not to be wonder'd at, that the Orders of Government are not always obey'd or their designs carried into Execution by those they entrust, but it appears strange that Gentlemen who are in power and on the Spot should neglect to inform Government, of those breaches of duty when their own Welfare and that of their Country is so immediately concern'd, abuses can not be corrected until they are know, and I HARRISON TO TODD, OCTOBER 14, 1782 have no means of coming at the Knowledge of them in your Country but from Gentlemen in high Stations, and it is from them I expect it, and when I have it not it is natural for me to conclude all goes well.- Gen: Irvins force at fort Pitt is very little more than Gen. Clarke's, so that you can expect but little Assistance from him, he intended an Expedition against the Indians this fall, and went to the place of rendezvous but was disappointed of half the Men he expected and forced to lay it aside till the Spring. - I shall improve the Oppertunity offer'd of settleing a peace with the Chickesaw Indians and either employ Mr. Donelson or Colb Martin or perhaps both in the Business. - I will immediately write to Gen: Washing- ton and Gen: Greene on the Subject of the prisoners carried to detroit, I think with you that they ought to be set at Liberty and sent back, and shall use my best endeavors to bring it about. -You have enclosed the Commission of the peace you desire which I wish safe to you and I beg the favor of you to let me know frequently the State of your Country. I am c. B. H. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO LEVI TODD, October 14, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 7-1O, Va. State Archives.]' COLO LEVI TODD, IN COUNCIL October 14th, 1782.- SIR Your letter of the IIth Ulto came safe to hand the unfor- tunate Victory of the Indians at the blue Licks gives me great Con- cern as well for the loss of the many truely valuable and brave offi- cers and men that fell there as for the dispondency into which it has thrown the people and for which I can see no great Occasion: Your Country is still populous and will be much more so shortly, great numbers of people being on their way to join you, and you may rest assured of support if it should be found necessary, of this General Clarke will be the Judge, and is empower'd to call on the Counties of Botetourt, Washington Montgomery for any number of MIen 127 128 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS not exceeding 200. In December last Forts were order'd to be built at the mounth of Kentucky River and at the mouth of licking and limestone Creeks and garrison'd with sixty eight Men each, why this has not been done Gen: Clarke will account, I am apt to think if he had obey'd his orders this disaster would not have happen'd as the approach of the enemy would have been known in Time for the people to have collected in sufficient Numbers to have driven them back, these orders are repeated and I trust will be executed, if they are not I shall look on it as the Duty of the higher officers in Kentuckey to inform me of it, without whose assistance I can not at this distance know the conduct of those entrusted with Com- mand. - Your surveyor ought most certainly to have been out long ago, indeed I was inform'd he would set off in June last or I should have wrote to him on the Subject, he is now on his Way and will be with you before this gets to hand, and I hope will make up for the loss of Time by his Diligence. -The Commissioner of War will forward the commissions you desire, except the majority for Benja- min Netherland, you certainly do not know the Man or your Court would never have recommended him, you will have a blank Com- mission which you'l please to fill up to any other person that the Court shall recommend, but you have my positive orders that it be not to Netherland. I am c. B. H. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO DANIEL BOONE, October 14, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 10-13, Va. State Archives.] COLONEL DANIEL BOONE, LEVI TODD C. IN COUNCIL October I4th 1782. GENTLEMEN I have recd your joint Letter of the I Ith Ulto and very sin- cerely sympathize with you for the loss you have sustained in the defeat at the blue licks, many of those who fell I know were truely valuable Men, and all useful in an infant Country, in War such misfortunes are common and must be submitted to, but never should occasion dispondency, which is the bane of every Thing great and HARRISON TO BOONE, OCTOBER 14, 1782 129 noble we should look forward to the Day of retaliation, and ar- dently wish for its Arrival that we might shew or Enemies we would not tamely submit to such Injuries, this Day I hope will come in the Spring, if it does not it shall not be my fault. -Why forts were not built at the mouths of licking and limestone Creeks and garri- son'd according to Orders sent to Gen: Clarke in December last remains for him to say, he is call'd on to do it immediately and in the mean Time has these orders repeated, and has also the Liberty of calling for 200 Men if they should be wanted this fall and Winter to assist in the defence of the Country, but I trust this call will not be made if it can be avoided as the Expence will lessen the means of doing something more effectual in the Spring. -I beg you to be satisfied that I am from Duty as well as Inclination determined to use such means as the Assembly shall please to entrust me with, equally for the Benefit protection of the whole State. Kentuckey is as much the object of my care as Richmond, and I shall shew it on all occasions. I expected your Surveyor would have been with you in June last, and am concern'd to find his not going out has been attended with such disagreeable Circumstances. Your express tells me we was arriv'd before he came away. He is a very worthy man and I hope in some Measure compensate for the delay by his future assiduity. - Some artilery were sent down to Cole Clarke last Summer and several pieces more wuld have been sent if we had not been disappointed in our expectation of getting them from Mr. Zanes works, the Order shall be renewed and the Cannon Stores forwarded in the Spring. - I have nothing more to add but to beg of you most earnestly to use every Method to inspirit your people and to drive the few Indians that remain in your Country out of it, if you continue inactive you will encourage them to return. I am c. B. H. 130 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS BENJAMIN HARRISON TO GOVERNOR MATHEWS, October I5, I782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 30-36, Va. State Archives.] His EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR MATHEWS. S. CAROLINA. VIRGINIA IN COUNCIL. Oct. 15t 82. SIR I have the Honor of yours of the ioth of June proposing the cooporation of some Troops from this State in an Expedition you intended against the Cherokees to commence the first Week in August your Letter was so long delaid on the road that it did not come to hand till several Days after your Troops were to march, this you may readily suppose put it entirely out of my power to give you any Assistance, even if the State had been in a Situation to bear the ex- pence of such an undertaking, which at that Time it really was not, nor had we any just cause of quarrel with that part of the nation that was the object of your resentment, they having long before satisfied us that the dammage we sustain'd was altogether done by the Chickamauger Indians over whom they had no command but that they would use their endeavors to bring about a peace with them, they have done so, and have succeeded and our agent is gone forward to settle the Terms, which are to be general, he having positive Orders to inform the Indians, that all the American States are one people and that an Injury done to one would be resented by the whole of them - It is much to be wish'd that some general plan was fix'd by this State and all those South of us for regulating Indian Affairs and that Treaties with them should be jointly made, and some bounds fix'd beyond which our people should not be al- low'd to settle, if this is not done there is but too much reason to apprehend that continual Encroachments will be made on their Lands, and of course the Frontiers of each State laid waste in its Turn in revenge for the Injury. The Honor as well as the In- terest seem to call on us for such a regulation, these poor Wretches have their rights, and if we consult our Justice and Humanity, they will be powerful Advocates for their being supported in them. When Bounds are fix'd and assurances given that we would not go beyond them, they should be inform'd that the least infringment on their side would be resented by all the States, such a Threat would prob- HARRISON TO FLEMING, OCTOBER 16, 1782 I3I ably keep them quiet, if it did not we should proceed to chastise them from every quarter at the same Time, which being repeated twice or thrice would I am confident keep them still ever after and give Safety to our frontier Inhabitants, and be a very great saving to us all, by enabling us to withdraw the Troops we are not obliged to station in the back County for their protection. At present we know nothing of each others Intentions, and at the same Time that one State is carring on War with them another is making peace and perhaps furnishing them with Amunition, which was actually the Case with me at the Time your Letter arrived, there being a con- siderable quantity of powder and Lead on the Way to the Chero- kees that would have reach'd the big Island in a few Days where they were to have receiv'd it if an Express had not overtaken it with a countermanding Order. If my Sentiments on this Subject should coincide with yours I shall be extremely happy to concert Measures with you to carry them into immediate Execution the present Mo- ment appearing to me a favorable one, the Cherokees, Chickamauger, Chickasews and Creeks having lately made overtures of peace. Commissioners are appointed to meet the two last, tho' the Time and place are not yet fix'd when they are I shall do myself the Honor of informing you of it that you may send Commissioners if you should think it advisable to do so. I am c. B. H. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO WILLIAM FLEMING, October i6, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 37-39, Va. State Archives.] COL9 WILLIAM FLEMING AND THE OTHER COMMISSIONERS IN KENTUCKEY.- IN COUNCIL October I6t 1782.- GENTLEMEN If it had been in my power to have sent you more money I should most certainly have done it but it really was not, I was in hopes the sum sent with the stores would have been sufficient as there can be but little occasion for Money in the Wilderness. I have but too much reason to complain of Gen: Clarke on other accounts besides what ColQ Bowman says of the French Horses, which story can hardly be true, if you should find that it is, I beg 132 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS you will use your endeavors to moderate the resentment of the French.-I gave the General Orders in December last to build forts at the mouths of the Kentucky, licking, and limestone and to garrison each of them with sixty eight men, if he had obey'd the Orders it is probable the late Misfortune would not have happen'd, as the Country would certainly have been alarm'd if not protected, and have had it in their power to have met the Enemy with more equal force, the orders are again repeated, and I desire you will use your Endeavours with him to fix his Attention on those objects, I expect implicit Obedience on the Occasion and will not again over- look a breach of Duty, if you find it necessary you'l please to in- sinuate this to him. A report much to his prejudice prevails here of his being so ad- dicted to liquor as to be incapable of Attending to his Duty, by which the public Interest suffers much. I must beg the favor of you Gentlemen to inquire into this in a private Way and let me know your Sentiments, his being a Military Man makes it improper to have a public inquiry by those who are not so.-The General will lay his Accounts before you in Order to their being adjusted and reported on, and he is directed to repair to this place in the Spring in order to a final Settlement, I need say nothing to you on this Subject it being altogether in the line of your Commission, I only mention it that the Business may be expedited, that I may the sooner have an oppertunity of coming to an Explanation with the General. I am Gentlemen, c. B. H. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO JOSEPH CROCKETr,' October I6, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 40-41, Va. State Archives.] COLQ JOSEPH CROCKETT. ALBEMARLE. IN COUNCIL Octo: i6tAk 1782. SIR I have lately had some reason to complain of Gen: Clarke, and know not to what cause to attribute his seeming Neglect of Duty, 'Colonel Joseph Crockett commanded a regiment of Virginia state troops which was designated as a part of the force to be used by Clark for an attack on Detroit (178I). He served as president of the council of war summoned by Clark to consider the advisability of a march against Detroit. While he was opposed to the expedition because of the inadequate force at their disposal, he was among those who recommended that an attempt should be made to capture Detroit, 1782. HARRISON TO CLARK, OCTOBER 17, 1782 133 perhaps it may be in your power to explain this as you are lately from Kentuckey where his Command is. You will extremely oblige me if you will give me any Information on this Subject that has come within your own Knowledge; it is disagreeable to me to make inquirery in this Way, and I dare say will be so to you to give In- formation, but when it is considered that the public good is the actual Motive in both we shall meet with applause rather then Censure. The great distance there is between the General and myself, leaves me no other Way of coming at a Knowledge of his Conduct but from the Information of those that have been with him and I am happy on th present Occasion that I have a Gentle- man of your Candour to inquire off, and I doubt not but what you will favour me with an Answer as soon as Oppertunity offers. I am c. B. H. GOVERNOR HARRISON TO CLARK, October 17, I 782 [Draper MSS., s2J5o.-L.S.] ' IN COUNCIL OctoE 17. 1782.- SIR No official account from you of the situation of the part of the Country committed to your care have reached me for several months, for which I am at a loss to assign a reason. Government can never be administer'd properly unless the Officers of it are regular in their correspondence, punctual in the execution of orders, and particular in their discriptions of the Wants and distresses of their departments. If the disappointments you have met with in your proposed plans have occasion'd this inattention and neglect the reason is by no means a good one, because circumstances may alter and changes happen that you could know nothing off, and which might at one time en- able Government to do what they could not at another. I have received Letters from ColQ Levi Todd and other reputable characters in Kentucky giving an account of a powerful invasion of that country by the Indians, and of an unfortunate battle fought 'This document was contributed by Dr. Kellogg. The letter is entered in Benjamin Harrison Letter Book 1782, Virginia State Archives, pp. 13-19, under date of October 14, 1782. 134 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS with them by Colb John Todd on the i9tAI August in which that worthy Gentleman and many other of the most valuable Inhabitants have fallen; these are circumstances so much within your line of Duty, that I can not help expressing my very great surprise at your Silence. In my Letter of the 20th December last you were directed to erect forts at the Mouth of Kentuckey river, the mouth of licking creek and at the mouth of limestone creek, and to garrison each of these posts with sixty eight men to cover and protect the Country, Whether you have comply'd with these orders or not you have not thought fit to advise me, but I have every reason to suppose from other information that they have altogether been neglected, to which much of the present misfortune is to be attributed, as such estab- lishments would have been a great curb on the Indians, the country might from these posts have been alaim'd at the approach of an Enemy, and with the assistance of the garrisons better enabled to repel their attacks, these reasons governed the Executive when they gave the orders, and induced them to fix on you to execute them, and it gives me great pain to find that you have disappointed us in our expectations. The same reasons that dictated the former orders still govern us and I insist that they be carried into immediate execution if the Indians have not left the country or you have good reason to appre- hend their return this fall or Winter you'l apply to the command- ing officers of Washington, Mountgomery and Botetourt Counties for assistance who have Orders to send you any number of men you may call for not exceeding two Hundred. As the marching Militia such a Distance, will not only be attended with very great incon- venience to the Individuals but with great expence to the State I trust you will not call for them but in case of urgent necessity, oecon- omy now may put it in our power in the spring to take more decisive measures, however I would by no means have any consideration of this sort interfere with the safety of the people, and only mention it to you as a secondary consideration. The Commissioners that are sent into the part of the country where you are, are men of Prudence and Judgement and it may not be amiss to consult with them on the occasion: Before these Gentlemen all the Accounts of your military expenditures in every department are to be laid in CLARK TO HIARRISON, OCTOBER 18, 1782 135 order to their being adjusted and reported on, and when this is done I shall expect your attendance here for a final settlement of them. You will excuse my for agaon repeating my request to be informed by every opportunity of the material circumstances that may happen on Kentuckey, and what progress you make in the discharge of the several Matters entrusted to you I am Sir Your mot Obet hum. SerA GENERAL GEORGE ROGERS CLARKE BENJ HARRISON CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, October i8, 1782 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.] 1 CAVE SPRING LINCOLN COUNTY i8th Octobr I 782 SIR Yours by Majr Walls came safe to hand the 30th July, nothing could be more timely than the cloathing for desertion was so common that I believe in a month more there would not have been a Soldier left, The works at the falls was forwarded by Every means in our power until they were suppos'd sufficiently strong to withstand any attack from their Enemy but not yet Compleat, Those preparations that were made and the measure taken to let the Enemy know that we were fully acquainted with their design (which in part we were) I believe has sav'd the western country, by their losing all hopes of Reducing the falls, divided their force sent some to weeling and the main body to make a division on Fayette county, And had it not have been for that Imprudent affair at the blue licks the country would have sustained very little damage, I learn Cole Logan has sent you a full acct of the whole transaction The conduct of those unfortunate Gent was Extreamly Reprihensible, The Enemy Con- tinue to Sculk in small party,s in different parts of the country but do little damage at present, The movements of the Enemy last Spring and summer put it Entirely out of our power to Establish the posts at the mouth of Kantucky licking they may be began this fall- ' Printed in Calendar of Firyinia State Papers, 3 :345-347, with some editing. 136 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS By some Overtures from Kaskaskas the Chicasaw Nation is like to be on good terms with us, I Enclose your Excellency their message and my answer with other papers which I hope you will approve of, They Clame Fort Jefferson for being the Cause of the war between us but its notorious they had done a great deal of mischief for two years before, and the building that post Actually Stopt a formidable Expedition Intended against the frontiers by them and their allies, My principal reason for sending Capt George to the nation was to give the negotiation a greater apearance of solemnity, And probably Induce the Chicasaws to Oblige the Cherokees to cease hostili- ties, as the Chicasaws is the most potent nation in that Quarter You will observe Sr my Instruction to Capt George Respecting the purchase of land in the bounds of Virginia below the Tenesee River, From some hints I had from Mr Burny one of the messengers from the nation I Conceiv'd this to be a most favorable Opertunity to procure that tract of Country if the Indians would part with it, which there was some probability of, as they dreaded us much, having continual Reports among them of a large army which Intended to Visit their town and would wish to be on good terms with us as soon as possible, Tho the State with propriety might claim the lands without their consent it, must cost an Expensive treaty here- after to get peacible possession of it when the officers should want it, Thise were my Enducements if your Excellency approve of the plan it would be necessary to send an Express Immediately to me with Instructions to Ratify the proceedings of Capt George in Case he should make the purchase, Or make Void all he may do, I expect his Return about the last of november with some chiefs with him that may wish to get their business Immediately done in order to Return home I sometimes doubt that the Sum I have Instructed Capt George to offer will be too low a price to Engage it, But if their Zeal for a piece should continue perhaps it will do, The northwest- ward Indians have wholly Engaged in the war against us Except the peancashacos and those near the settlements on the Mississippi We have lately thought of making a sudden attack on some of the Shawonees Town this fall as Gen' Irwins Enterprise gives a favourable Opportunity but cannot assure you that it will take place, but a great probability- FLOYD TO CLARK, OCTOBER 18, 1782 A Late stroke of your Excellency hath added greatly to the strength of this Country, That of odering the delinquents of the counties to do duty with the Regular troops in this Quarter, it will have most salutary Effects altho few Examples may be made, I was thinking since that if the whole of the specific tax due by this Departmt was order'd to be levied and delivered it would be of con- siderable service in support of the troops and defraying the Expences of Government, It will never be got any other way, business have been so arrang'd that expences have been Very low for twelve months past, The works at the falls was at the Expence of a Considerable quantity of flour as we were Obliged to make a fund of it, The Gallee that I had built answered the design Exceedingly and hath been of Infinite service-Our Circumstances would not admit of her being as Compleat as I could have wished but I hope to have her so this fall I have discoverd that open small boats will by no means answer the purpose of Cruising on the River as they are often liable to be ambuscaded when they come near the shore, or in narrow parts of the River, But those on the Construction of the Gallee whose Gunnils are four feet bullit proof with false Gunnils that play strong hinges that Raise her sides so high that she can Lay within a Pistol shot of the shore without the least danger I have the Honour to be Dr Sir Your Excellency's Devoted and Very Humble Servt G CLARKE JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, October i8, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J52.-A.L.] BEARGRASS i8 th October 1782 DEAR GENERAL. On our way down at Col9 Coxes we prevailed on Capt Polk to engage 40 Gallons of Tar to be delivered at the Falls the 21st Insl This is all I coul[d] depend on with certainty. Agreeable to our expectation we found not a Drop made that you ordered. I've dis- persed orders to the Different Officers I think every thing seems to wear a pretty favourable aspect. Some Invalids Men over fifty years of Age I have now at the Falls about Caulking repair- 137 138 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ing the Boats. I was down yesterday they informed me they would have 20 ready to receive the Pitch by the time it came. We hope we shall be able to pay the Boats the 220 Load clear the mouth of Beargrass the 23 , in Order to take an Early start the 24th. The Good Old Major' with his usual steadiness will have the artil- lery, ammunition, provision v all ready to put on Board as soon as the Vessels are fit to receive them, but as he writes you also I need add no more on the Subject, only that ColQ Cox his warriors are also to Rendezvous at Fort Nelson the 2I1t I wish you much happi- ness on your march, and am Dear Gen' your very Obnit Servt [JNO FLOYD] P. S My Complts to the Major Gabe [Madison] Addressd: Brigr General Clark at Capt AIadison's in Lincoln Pr Express - Endorsed: CoIQ Floyd 21 OCr 2I 1782 CLARK TO WILLIAM DAVIES, October i9, 1782 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:347-348.] GENL: GEO: ROGERS CLARKE TO COL: WM. DAVIES. LINCOLN COUNTY CAVE-SPRING October i9th 1782 "SIR I had the pleasure of Receiving your Letters by Maj'r Walls and Mr. Karney the 30th of July past, at which time the gents arrived with the stores all safe, surmounting uncommon difficulties. They just arriv'd in time to save what few troops was remaining, for de- sertion was so common and Impossible to prevent that I believe in a few weeks more scarcely any would have been left. I have en- deavour'd as far as in my power to comply with the orders of Gov- ernment that you Enclos'd to me (see the Enclos'd) I could have wished to be present at the meeting of the officers you mention'd. I have received but a faint information of their Report. As for dissipation and --- prevailing in Col: Slaughter's Core, However agreeable such conduct might have been to their sentiments I believe they seldom had the means in their power, for they were generally ' Identified by Lyman C. Draper as George Walls. in a note on the original manuscript. CLARK TO DAVIES, OCTOBER 19, 1782 in a starving situation. Colo. Slaughter suffering his garrison to be Ridicul'd by the Inhabitants of the town Occasion'd disorder among the whole. Nothing would Excuse him on this point but his depend- ance on such a set of people for Every thing he could get to subsist on. As for the propriety of their receiving half pay, I could wish not to be the Judge. Your Recommendations Sir, Respecting the great care of Stores of all kind are Exceeding good. I flatter myself there will be no want of Care. In a department where business hath been as Various and Extensive as this hath, there can be no Doubt of many Errors being committed, many hath been detected. But by Report I believe there is more noise made about it than is necessary, principally originating from the little men that is some- times sent to government from this quarter. Jealous of their im- portance, Embrace that declamatory principal so very agreeable to such bodies, suposing by striking at the principal characters of their Country, that Strangers will View them as men of consequence. The Credit that is given to such characters near the helm of affairs, I can assure you S'r hurts the Interest of the State greatly. The expences in this department hath been considerable, but had it not been for them and the consequential service, we should have been obliged before this to have spent five times as much in defence of our frontiers, and Except some Expences that have proved unnecessary, as a citizen, I am satisfied with the propriety of the whole. Accounts have been long prepared for settlement, but I doubt the arrival of auditors. I have examin'd nearly the whole, and Expect to finish the Remainder on my Return to Fort Nelson. I make no doubt but you have Receiv'd a full account of the unfortunate defeat of Colo's Todd and Trigg. The Country has suffer'd con- siderably, but there is a probability of Recovering their lost spirits. It was exceedingly fortunate that such preparation was made, as mention'd to you in my last. Otherways the Country would have unavoidably been lost. The plan of an Expedition against the Shawanees is now on foot, and I believe will take place. If it should fall through the Country will be in a very critical situation, Except Genl: Irwin should prove successful, as the Enemy are so Elated thev will use violent Exertions. I have the Honour to be, with greatest Esteem, Sir, your devoted Humble Servt." 139 CHAPTER VI EXPEDITION AGAINST THE SHAWNEE OCTOBER 22, 1782- JANUARY 13, 1783 PREPARATION FOR THE CAMPAIGN - CRITICISM OF CLARK NOT JUSTIFIED- CREDITORS IMPORTUNE CLARK FOR RELIEF-BRITISH PLANS FOR THE CAMPAIGN - EXPEDITION FROM FORT PIrrT GIVEN UP - CLARK'S PLAN OF CAMPAIGN - CLARK'S ACCOUNT OF THE EXPEDITION - FRIENDLY RELA- TIONSHIP EXISTING BETWEEN THOMAS JEFFERSON AND CLARK - PEACE WITH THE CHICKASAW AND CREEK -LACK OF SUPPLIES IN THE WESTERN DEPARTMENT-CLARK ORDERED TO REPORT IN RICHMOND. CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, October 22, I782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.]' CAVE SPRING LINCOLN COUNTY Octobr 22d 1782 SIR Since writing the letters that accompany this I find the Inhabit- ants Extreamly anxious for an Expedition, it is pland and the Ren- dezvouse apointed at the mouth of Licking the first day of november, I Expect about one thousand men, If it is attended with success I make no doubt that it will save the Effusion of much blood the Ensuing year, If Gen! Irwin should carry his point at sandusky and the shawonees get defeated it will have a valuable Impression on the more westwardly Indians I shall Embrace the first opportunity on my Return of transmiting an Account of our Enterprise to you - The following is a Request I make to your Excellency which is to be Relievd from this department my Reasons for such Requesi- tion must be Obvious to you and so Reasonable that I hope it will meet with your aprobation, I shall be Carefull to arange business so as to promise advantage in full Confidence of your permit I have the Honour to be with Esteem yr Excellencys Devoted and Humbl Servt G R CLARK This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:351. 140 PLANS FOR 1782 PREPARATION FOR THE CAMPAIGN OF 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J53.-A.D.] Know all men that I George Walls Majr Commandant at Fort Nelson Jefferson County in Virginia, in the Name and in behalf of Brigadier General George Rogers Clark Commander in Chief of the Western Department, as by him impowered by his letter of at- torney of the eleventh of this present Month of October for and in consideration of Seventy thousand weight of flower to said Brig- adier Geni Clark sold and delivered at and before the sealing and de- livering of these presents by Bartholomew Tardivou merchant, the Receipt whereof I do hereby Acknowledge, have bargained and sold; and by these presents do bargain and sell unto the said Bartholomew Tardivou at track of land situated on the north fork of licking creek within eight miles of the Ohio containing two Thousand Acres An- other track containing one thousand Acres Situate at the Clay lick a few miles above Drinn[o]ns Lick on Kentuckey River another track of land containing five Hundred Acres, Situated on Richland Creek about ten miles from Bryan's Station; to have and to hold all and Singular the said track's and every of them by these Presents Bar- gained and Sold Unto the Said Bartholomew Tardiveau his Execu- tor Administrator And Assign for ever; and I the Said George Walls in the name and in behalf of Said George Rogers Clark for himself, his executor administrator and assigns all and singular the said track's of land unto Said Bartholomew Tardiveau his Executor Ad- ministrator or Assigns against Said George Rogers Clark his executor and assign and against all and every other person and persons what- soever shall and will Warrent and for ever Defend by these pres- ents; engaging and promising in the name Afforsaid that the said George Rogers Clark shall as soon as possible have the said track's surveyed by the County surveyer or his Deputy, and a Deed out of the land office put and Dilivered into the hands of the Said Bar- tholomew Tardivou his Executor Administrator and Assigns at the cost and Expences of Said George Rogers Clark as witness my hand and Seal at Fort Nelson Jefferson County in the State of Virginia this 23rd Day of October in the Year of our lord 1782 Endorsed: A Copy of agremt With Tardivou for flower pur- chased 141 142 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS JOSEPH CROCKETT TO GOVERNOR HARRISON, October 24, 1782 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:358-360.] "SIR I received your Excellency's letter of the i6th Instant, the pur- port of which I am at a loss to answer so clearly as I could wish. as for Genl: Clark's conduct, last campaign whilst I had the honor to serve under his com'd (as touching his military character) I can- not think he is deserving censure. his greatest misfortune loss of usefull operations of the campaign, was the want of men, altho' the Genl: strain'd every nerve in his power, to raise a sufficient number to penetrate into the heart of the Enemy's Country, and was assisted by a small number of good men, to complete his Laudable design. it appeared to me to be out of the power of any human Existance to cause a sufficient number to Enter the field, or subject those few that were already there to good order. the Genl: often told them of the evils that has already befell them, if that campaign miscarried. One place of General Rendezvous was Wheeling, where the gen: ex- pected to be joined with a thousand militia from the Counties over the mountains: out of which two hundred fifty only joined, and the half of them deserted after drawing a quantity of arms, Blankets, Leggins, shirts c. c. -the greatest part of those that did not desert, threatened mutiny for Several days. nor was this all the Genl's disappointment. there was a certain Quota of men to be sent him from the Counties of Berkeley, Frederick Hampshire, of which he never received one. I know the Genl: is much censured in the neighbourhood of Fort Pitt, Fort Pitt, for the Loss of Colo. Laugherry's party, for whom he waited five days at Wheeling: disappointments being so frequent, he lost all hopes of his coming, and moved down the River. the Colo. coming to Wheeling the next day, sent a boat after, with a Letter to the Genl: that he would be glad If he would wait for him, as he had One hundred thirty men without provisions. the Genl: sent a small boat with ten Keggs of Flour, and wrote the Colo. he would leave Boats enough at a certain Island under a small guard, for the reception of his men, with a quantity of Flour, Ammu- nition c.-to prevent desertion, he would move slowly down the river. the unhappy Colo. without proper caution, Landed his men CROCKETT TO HARRISON, OCTOBER 24, 1782 143 at the mouth of the Maamma, at which place was a large number of Indians, who destroyed the whole of Colo's party. The Genl: purchased of Mr. Gibson, at Fort Pitt, a considerable Quantity of goods, Liquorers, Sugar, Coffee, Tea c., which the officers in gen- eral accuse him of making a very unequal distribution. It was thought there was one more instance in which General Clark derogated much from the Importance of his trust. there was a Mr. Ellett who traded to New Orleans with 5000 wt. Flour. he stored his flour at a Mr. Newel's, who lived at a place cal'd the new Store on the Monongalia. Said Newel took the Flour in his care, wvho was also employed by the purchasing Commissary to receive public Flour: Mr. Ellette took the opportunity of going down the river with the Genl: -when we came to the Falls of Ohio, the river being very low, Ellett was under the necessity of unloading his boat to descend the Falls, and carry his flour over the falls in small Crafts: he unloaded near the place where the public flower was landed (of which we had a large Quantity, near 4,ooo Keggs). I saw Mr. Ellet taking flower from the Bulk of the public. I asked him how he came so to do. his answer was "don't you think that damn'd old Newell at the new store, has misplaced sixty Keggs of my superfine Flower, and I must take sixty of your Corse." I imme- diately informed the Commissary, his answer was "the Gen'l knows it." I asked Mr. Ellett what mark his keggs had. he told me all his was manufactured at William Henshaws mill, and the Barrels was Branded with the two first Letters of his name. Some few days after this Mr. Ellett sail'd down the River. there was a Mr. Ran- dolph who came down the River with us who had formerly trans- acted business for Genl: Clark to the westward. I never heard him mention going with Ellett untill the morning he set sail and then went on Bord Ellett's Boat - this affair gave every man reason to suspect . The Genl: some few davs afterwards Issued an order for the whole of the flower to be sifted and Repacked (as it had received damage coming down the River). I told the Ser- geant several of the soldiers who were appointed for that duty, that I would give them a treat, if they would let me know where they found a kegg Branded W. H. contained finer flower than the rest, I wanted to draw' for my own use. I en- 144 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS quired frequently of them. But they told me they could find none Such. I was present when Mr. Ellett Loaded his Boat at the new Store. I heard of no flower being missing or misplaced nor never heard it mentioned going down the river. I have the Honor to be your Excellency's most obt. Servt. CLARK TO OLIVER POLLOCK, October 25, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] KANTUCKY 25th October 1782 SIR I Receiyed your letter of the 24th July a few days past, I am heartily sorry that you should meet with such disappointments in the settlement of your accounts, I am sensible that you have no drafts on the State from me but what ought to be paid, As Vouch- ers for Every Article Even to the smalest amount those bills were drawn for is now in my possession and will shew the propriety of them ( ) time and at the time of their being given I knew of no such thing as depreceiation of Currency, what Reasons Govern- ment have for not paying those Just debts I cant account for Except it is Inabillity, but more than probable you are a better Judge than I am being at the Seat of government, I have already taken Every step in my power to get the Creditors of the State paid to no Effect (What method can you point out to me, If I was worth the money I would most chearfully pay it myself and trust the state, But can assure you with truth I am Enterely Reducd myself by advancing Everything I could Raise, And Except what the state owes me am not worth a Spanish dollar, I wish it was in my power to follow your proposition to step forth save my country from the disgrace that is like to fall on her, If we could point out the means nothing would give me such pleasure, And fully Recompence all the uneasi- ness I have suffer'd on account of those persons, Many whom I know have advancd all they had on the faith of government, It was my duty to prosecute the war as cheap as possible, and theirs to pay the Expense, The factories and little bodies may say what they please but my greatest glory is in the prospects of my procuring, If the Commissioners that is appointed would settle the western Ac- BRITISH PLANS FOR 1782 counts there would then be no Excuse left Except one which I doubt is too true, That of the want of funds, If you can point out any- thing farther that is in my power shall most Chearfully Embrace it I am Sr Your Obedt Servt G R CLARK OLIVER POLLOCK Esqr BRITISH PLANS FOR CAMPAIGN OF 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J54.-Contemporary copy.] QUEBEC OCtr 29tj 1782 SIR The first of August last I was surprised in my bed by a party of Wabash Indians in company with Israel Ruland and others from Detroit I have reason to blame the Inhabitants of St Vincennes for my Captivity meeting Monsr Marin near Ouya with a quantity of Merchandise from Detroit and bound to Ouia 0 Post he assured me the Indians had made several Attempts to take me before the time they had me and that the orders of the Comdr of Detroit to the savages and others was to take me alive which I found after I heard the Speeches delivered the first day and night I was close confined in the Fort after I got my parole in CompT with some of the British Officers they made me a proposal adequate to the commission I wear in the American service with many other promises if I would join them. I assured them I was not a second Arnold and that my sentimt5 were the same as the brave Col. Crawford who suffered by them two days at a slow fire till expired this and many other crueltys I reminded them of being so displeased with me I was ordered next morning to embarque on board an armed Vessel bound for Fort Erie from thence marched a prisoner to this City I expect to be sent to Boston with many other prisoners in company with Col. Camp- be[1I]' I have heard nothing from my family since taken and shall Colonel John Campbell was an Indian trader who in 1764 laid out a town on the site of Pittsburgh; ten years later he located at the Falls of the Ohio where he purchased a large tract of land. During the early years of the Revolution he served as commissary at Fort Pitt. He was a member of the expedition of Colonel David Rogers which was attacked by the Indi- ans as they were ascending the Ohio from St. Louis to Pittsburgh. Colonel Campbell was captured and taken to Detroit and because of his defiant attitude, he was held as a prisoner there and at Quebec until 1782. After his return to Louisville, he represented Kentucky in the legislature of Vir- ginia and was a member of the Kentucky Constitutional Committee (792). In 1798 he was elected speaker of the Kentucky State Senate. I45 146 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Sir make all possible dispatch to join my Regiment when exchanged, the particulars of the Rout the Indians took with me was to Ouia where Jou Baptise keeps the English Magazine for the Indian Mur- derers to the Miami Town a Number of Shawneys live here Monsr Bawbee with goods .C. for the Crown a compact Picket Fort on the Bank of the River where the crossing place is two days journey down the River I met Monsr Truchey from 0 Post for- merly clerk for Col. Legra he lives at the Forks a large river runing from the Shawney Towns he keeps store for Monsr Bawbee Agent for the Crown lower down at Rose de Bough Mr Cochran keeps a large Magazine here a Block House and the provision store guarded by a British Serjeant and twelve privates provisions are transported from Fort Erie across the Lake to this place thence taken by Land into the Shawana Country a Brigade of Horses kept at the Mouth of the River for this purpose where two Armed Vessels are stationed and one at the carrying place to Fort LaBeauf Capto Caldwell with One Hundred Rangers is stationed at the Shawney Towns with CaptP Elliott and his Company of Shawana Warriors Deserters .C. Mr MCKee there in a strong block House Girty kept on the wing Bawby and One hundred Savages guards Mawmy [Miami] a grand Scheme is now preparing Sir John Johnston' is lately returned here after making a visit through through the Indian Nations inviting them to be in readyness again next Spring when a Campaign will be opened Butler with One Thousand Rangers and all the Indian force are to go on a private expedition their rout Sir I can not learn a large Quantity of Indian presents are arrived in this City under the immediate direction of Sir John or Col. Johnston, Agent Gen- eral for the Indians in North America I believe he is to be at the head of this intended Expedition I am told three years provisions are ordered to be stored in every Garrison in this Country the Strength of Detroit I cannot be certain of the New Fort is strong I believe a covert way is making under Ground to be under cover of the Shiping if an Attack was to be made when the river was open otherwise intended to deposite a quantity of Amunition therein in case of a storm that might be blown up and a retreat made into a 'Sir John Johnson was the eldest son of Sir William Johnson and succeeded to the family estate (1774). During the Revolution, he was the leader of a number of attacks upon the settlements in the Mohawk valley. BRITISH PLANS FOR 1782 Batterey that is immediatly to be built for that purpose. this in- formation I got from Persons living there some good Americans might be found amongst the Merchants there they are under great restraints Mr Gravrod Forsyth appeared as such to me supplyed me with Necessaries I was in much need of there are people who frequent Kentuckey, Fort Pitt .C. in the charecter of spies by which means the Enemy know every movement we make I believe several of the prisoners taken on the Frontiers have taken the Oath of Alegience to the Crown of England and are now on their Way to be exchanged on their Arrival in the Colonies its expected their Assistance will not be wanting in favour of the British if they make incursions into our Country where they are, to a Man Sir at St Vincennes they are so attached Monsr Rosebloche [Rocheblave] formerly Governor of Illinois" broke his parole in Williamsburg has been here a few days ago on his way to the Illinois [Niagara] does not appear so strong as Detroit at present [Col. Butler2] is sta- tioned [there] and about 150 Regulars Indians [and many Savages, who] draw dayly provisions clothing .C .C..C. I ask your Excellencys pardon with my long [MS. torn] hope to have the honour of serving under you the [MS. torn] my reasons Sir of commiting these particulars to paper were in case I could not be exchanged so soon [MS. torn] Col. Campbell. I am Sir with all due respect Your Excellency's Most Obedt Humi Servt (Signed) VALENTINE THOS DALTON BRIGADIER GENERAL CLARK Addressed: Brigadier General George Rogers Clerk Command- ing at the Falls of Ohio Favoured by Capt4 [name missing- James Brashears] 'Philippe de Rastel de Rocheblave. 'Colonel John Butler served as Indian interpreter for Sir William Johnson by whom he was entrusted with the affairs of the Six Nations. During the year 1777 he enlisted a company of rangers which raided the New York frontier. 147 148 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS BENJAMIN HARRISON TO THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, November 2, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 91-94, Va. State Archives.] THE VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS. IN COUNCIL 2d Novem: I782. GENTLEMEN: I received your favor of the 22d Ulto. with its enclosures, if Mr. Nathan had not formerly put a stop to a similar proposition of his for a reference his balance would have been long since paid. Mr. Madison I suppose can remember his Conduct on that Occasion, however, to refresh his Memory the whole preceedings of our Dele- gates in this Business which I find are in the Council Office shall be sent by the next Post. True it is that Nathan has Goverr Jeffer- sons acceptance of the Bills in his possession, and that from the Tenor of them it appears they were to be discharged in hard Money but we have every reason to think it never was intended by Gen: Clarke that they should be paid in it as he expressly tells us that all his Bills drawn [on] the Treasurer or Governor of the State were for paper Money, and to be accounted for and paid in it ac- cording to a Scale of depreciation which he sent us; Mr. Nathan's transactions may be very fair for what I know but so many frauds have been practis'd in that quarter that I am led to doubt every Thing, tis for this reason that Commissioners are gone into that country to investigate the Truth and make a report on every Trans- action, amongst them Nathan will be taken up, Gen: Clarke is also order'd here in the Spring to settle and clear up his conduct at which Time this troublesome Business will be finally settled, and paid as soon after as the Assembly shall please to provide funds, for which purpose I shall lay these demands before them. By a flag Ship just arrived with Prisoners from Charles Town, I learn that two fleets of transports were arrived there to take of the Garrison, and that it was expected the Town would be evacuated by the 15th of this Month. We have not yet a sufficient number of Members in the As- sembly to proceed to Business. I amc.- B. H. IRVINE TO CLJRK, NOVEMBER 7,1782 '49 WILLIAM IRVINE TO CLARK, November 7, 1782 [Draper MSS., 5sJ55.-L.S.] FORT PITT Novr 7h I 782. SIR. On the i6t of October last, I expected to have been joined by some continental Troops Rangers from the Lower Counties. I appointed that Day for the General Rendez-Vous of the militia at Fort McIntosh, and should have been able to take up my Line of march on the 20tt following. the Day previous to this, a report of a cessation of Arms spread; seemingly deserving credit, as I re- ceived intelligence that the march of the Continental Troops was countermanded. This news gained universal Belief with the Coun- try: and I fear, would have mutilated my plan, if the report had proved premature. But, about the time I expected to march, I re- ceived Letters from the Continental Secretary at War, countermand- ing the Expedition, as General Washington had been assured by the Brittish General, that all the Savages were called in from the frontiers, and were not to commit any farther depredations upon the inhabitants. I was exceedingly uneasy, when I considered, it was then im- possible to communicate to you the intelligence, before your march. A report of the defeat of a large number of inhabitants at Kentucky was circulating at the same time, and persuaded me allmost that it would oblige you to drop your design. Yet, in case this should not incapacitate you, from marching against the Shawanese I deter- mined to draw the attention of the Wyandots by sending them in- formation, that I was prepared to proceed against Sandusky with a numerous force. The only stratagem left me to make use off in your favour. I have the Honour to be Sir Your most Obedient Humble Servant WV IRVINE GENERAL CLARKE Addressed: Public Service The Honble Brigadier General Clark Falls of Ohio By Mr Sullivan. ' This letter is printed in Washington-Irvine Correspondence, 400-401. 150 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS CLARK'S PLAN OF CAMPAIGN FOR 1782 [November 9] [Draper MSS., 63JI21-128.] Order of March d the advananced Guard of fifty men one hundred yards in front of c on the Trail of Guides C four advanced parties of twenty five Men Each two hundred yards in front of A:B to march par- rellel one hundred yards from Each other on Each Side of the road Those Troops to be furnished from the Battallions the [to] March in front of twenty five Pioneers A the Jefferson and fyatte Batallions B the Two Batallions of Lincoln Troops d four parties of twenty five men Each two Hundred yards in the rear of the Body of the Army to be furnished by A:C the rear Guard, F lines of Flankers one fron Each Company one hundred yards to the right and left of the Army G Artiliry Baggage in its rear Col Floyd Com- mands the right Col Logan the left wing of army, the Advanced Guards to be finished by the right Devision-the rere by the Left the pioneers by ye Different Batallions, the Greatest Order to be Observe'd on the march, no fireing on any Account Except on an Enimy If the Army Should be attacked in front, the four advanced parties imediately from [form] and Sustain the attack the advanced Guard falling in to the said line, if the Enimy Should prove to numerous for them but not otherwise, the Action Just Commenced the right and left Colums A:B wheel to the right and left and out flank the Enimy if possible the two Center lines to Stand fast and wait for orders, if the Ground permits the artiliry will play on the Enimy, the whole of the Baggage to be moved within one hundred and fifty yards of the lines the men attending on it to form and wait for Orders the Rear Division d to incorperate Joined by the Rere Guard and as Soon as the find the two Center lines disposed of to move up to the Baggage and wait for Orders The Flankers F fall- ing into their respective Copanies as Soon as the action Commences Should the attack be in the rere of the army the whole face about and the Disposition then be the Same as if the attack had Com- menced in front the roard being Cleared of the Baggage for the artiliry To pass following it attack on the right flank the Colum A Sustain the fire the advanc party C Joined by the Guard D form to the left and advance on the Enimy CLARK'S PLAN FOR 1782 The party A Joined by the Gurad C from to the right and ad- vance also the Middle Colum A Devide from the Center and Close the intervals between C A and d a the artiliry act Occasionally the Baggage Stand fast. the Hole lines to form and Wait for Orders the Colum B face to the right and advance within fifty yards of the baggage Observeing their proper Distance and there wait for orders Attack on the left face to the left and the Disposition Simi- lar- the Light Dragoons to be Disposed of in the following manner Viz one Subaltren one Serjeant and Six Dragoon, to attend the Commanding Officer of Each Devision of the Army one Serjeant and three Dragoons to attend the officer Commanding the rere Guard the Remainder of Dragoons to attend on the Gen! Majr Walls will act as Adgutant Gen! and Capt Morisson will be pleased to assist the management of the Artiliry - Sign'd G R CLARK CHELACOTHE November 9th 1782 Gen! Orders as an action with the Enemy may be hourly Expected the Offi- cers are Requested to pay the Strictest attention To their duty as Suffering no man to Quit his Rank Without leave as Nothing is Dangerous than Disorder If fortuneately any prisoner Should fall in to our hands they are by no means to be put to Death without leave as it will be attended with the Immediate 111asseerce of all our Citizens that are in the hands of the Enimy and Also deprive us of the advantage of Exchanging for our own people, no person to attempt to take any Plunder untill Orders Should Issue for that purpose under the penalty of Being punished for Disobediance of orders and to have no Share of Such plunder himself The Officers in perticular are requested to Observe that the Strictest Notice be paid to this Order, as much Depends on it all plunder taken to be Delivered to the Quarter Master, to be Devided among the Different Batallions in proportion to their Numbers any person Concealing Plunder of any kind Shall be Considered as Subject to the penalty of the Above Order Signed G R CLARK 151 152 ILLINOIS HISTORICCAL COLLECTIONS CAMP OPPOSITE THE MOUTH OF LICKING I8th November 1782 G: O the Troops will Cross the River imediately after the Delivery of all public arms Accoutrements Horses ce ce to Majr Walls Who will attend at the Blockhouse for the purpose of receiving them Signed G R CLARK [Diagram accompanying the preceding] B C (:ra P- .6 . I : et .t, . . . -- : : : : CLARK TO WILLIAM IRVINE, November 13, 1782 [Draper MSS., IIJ24.-Transcript.] 1 MIAMI 13th Nov. I 782. SIR: I fell in with your late Expresses on the 2nd Inst at the mouth of Licking Creek -Was happy to find that our designs was likely to be well timed -We march'd on the third, the Ioth surprised the principal Shawnee Town Chillecauthy, but not so compleatly as wished for, as most of the Inhabitants had time to make their escape.-We got a few Scalps and Prisoners-I immediately de- 'This letter is printed in Washington rvine Correipondence, 401-402. GIBSON TO CLARK, NOVEMBER 17, 1782 tached strong parties to the neighbouring Towns and in a short time laid five of them in ashes, with all their Riches-The British trad'g post at the carrying place shared the same fate - I can't learn by the Prisoners that they had any Idea of your second design hope you will compleatly surprise the Sanduskians - I beg leave to Refer you to Mr Tate his Companion for particulars for reasons well known to you. I am Sir with respect Your Obdt Servt G. R. CLARK JOHN GIBSON TO CLARK, November 17, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J56.-A.L.S.] PITCHBURGG [sic] November the I7t 1782 DR SR Now in my Great Distress I Send you these Lines Everey thing that I have is Going to be Sold for Some Debt that I Con- tracked for part of the Goods that you Got from me and aCording to your Letter to me I have Not Distressed Mr penteycost If you Do Not Relive me Now I am a Ruined man but I hope you have Gratetude and onnor to make me hole Dr Sr I hope you will Rite Imedentley to Get Relief as I am in Distress your Compie'n will for Ever obledge your Umble Sert JNO GIBSON DR SR Mr William Stewart that Lives Near where you Do Recd a Quantety of Goods from me Last Spring and Gave me a Bill on his Brother in Law one mr hunter in philedelphia for the monney and he protested his Bill this alonght with your monney has Ruined me I hope you will Rite to him and inclose this part of this Letter and I hope he will Send me the monney before it Goes to aney farther trouble yur Complies will Ever obledge your most obeidient and Umble Sert JNO GIBSON Addressed: To Genrl George Rogers Clark 15 3 154 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS BENJAMIN HARRISON TO THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES, November 25, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 179-182, Va. State Archives.] THE HONBLE. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES.- IN COU7NCIL 25tP Novem: I782. SIR I have the Honor of enclosing you a Letter just receiv'd from the Honble. James Madison one of our worthy Delegates in Congress, the Information it contains is so extremely interesting that I beg the favor of you to lay it before the Gen: Assembly as soon as an Oppertunity offers. - I am concern'd to say that I have some reason to think Gen: Irvine is not mistaken in the Information he gives Congress, having receiv'd frequent Inteligence that the Inhabit- ants of the Country given up to Pennsylvania by this State were determined not to submit to that Government, they were good Citi- zens to us and well affected to Liberty, and I have no doubt would have stood forth in its defence, if they had been quieted in their possessions and remain under the Government to which they say undoubtedly belong, this is a point not now to be determined on, the only question is how to quiet them bring them into temper, they think they are much injured by the Government of Pennsyl- vania and that they are in the greatest danger of loosing their Lands, if some Method can not be fallen on to remove their fears, they may tho' resentment take steps foreign to their real Intentions, and be- come as much Enemies to us, all America as they are to their own Government. The Inconveniences that will arise to this Com- monwealth, from a British Colony being established in that quarter are too apparent to need any Observations of mine, I shall there- fore submit the Subject entirely to the Assembly who are alone competent to the cure. - You will receive a general return of the Militia of the State and an abstract of Men raised under former Laws for raising Sol- diers for the Continental Service as far as they can be made out by the Commissioner of War from the returns made to his Office. I have the honor to be. B. H. JEFFERSON TO CLARK, NOVEMBER 26, 1782 155 THOMAS JEFFERSON TO CLARK, November 26, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J58.-A.L.S.] NOV. 26. 1782. DEAR SIR I received in August your favour wherein you give me hopes of your being able to procure for me some of the big bones. I should be unfaithful to my own feelings were I not to express to you how much I am obliged by your attention to the request I made you on that subject. a specimen of each of the several species of bones now to be found is to me the most desirable object in Natural history, and there is no expence of package or of safe transportation which I will not gladly reimburse to procure them safely. Elk- horns of very extraordinary size, petrifications, or any thing else un- common would be very acceptable. New London in Bedford, Staun- ton in Augusta, or Fredericksburg are places from whence I can surely get them. mr Steptoe in the first place, Colo Matthews in the second, mr Dick in the third will take care of them for me. you will perhaps hear of my being gone to Europe, but my trip there will be short. I mention this lest you should hesitate in forwarding any curiosities for me. any observations of your own on the subject of the big bones, or their history, or on any thing else in the Western country, will come acceptably to me, because I know you see the works of nature in the great, not merely in detail. descriptions of animals, vegetables, minerals, or other curious things, notes as to the Indians, information of the country between the M1ississipi waters of the South sea c c will strike your mind as worthy being communicated. I wish you had more time to pay attention to them. I perceive by your letter you are not unapprised that your services to your country have not made due impression on every mind. that you have enemies you must not doubt, when you reflect that you have made yourself eminent. if you meant to escape malice you should have confined yourself within the sleepy line of regular duty. when you trangressed this and enterprized deeds which will hand down your name with honour to future times, you made yourself a mark for malice envy to shoot at. of these there is enough both in and out of office. I was not a little surprized however to find one person hostile to you as far as he has personal courage to shew ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS hostility to any man. who he is you will probably have heard, or may know him by this description as being all tongue without either head or heart. in the variety of his crooked schemes however, his interests may probably veer about so as to put it in your power to be useful to him; in which case he certainly will be your friend again if you want him. that you may long continue a fit object for his enmity for that of every person of his complexion in the state, which I know can only be by your continuing to do good to your country honour to yourself is the earnest prayer of one who sub- scribes himself with great truth sincerity Dr Sir Your friend servt TH: JEFFERSON JOHN FLOYD TO CLARK, November 26, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J59.-A.L.S.] 26th November, 82. DEAR GEN 4 I should not have a word of news if Dan! Sullivan had not come down yesterday from Pitt. He came in a Canoe alone in- forms us that Genf Irvine has not been in the Enemys Country, his orders were countermanded after having raised Sixteen hundred Men. Gen! Potter had marched three days and was also recalled in consequence of Gen' Carletons engagemd to cause all Prisoners taken by the Savages to be given up, a confirmation of Mr Tates account of all Partizans being ordered not to molest the Frontier Inhabitants. I have not seen Mr Sullivan so that my information is rather im- perfect. If I hear any thing more I will write you. The People are actually about Settling Muskingum other Watercourses higher up on the West side the Ohio. I wish we may carry on the Scheme of Garrisoning the Miamia. What do you think of it Write me if you see an OpportY I am D Gen! your very Obdi Servt JN9 FLOYD Addressed: Brigadier Genl Geo R Clark in Fayette pr Capt Todd Endorsed: Novr 30th 1782 Col. Floyd 156 CLARK TO HARRISON, NOVEMBER 27, 1782 I57 CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, November 27, I 782 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.- Copy.]' LINCOLN NoVr 27th 1782 SIR I imbrace the opertunity by Captn Madison to inform you of our safe return from the Indian Cuntrey I left the Ohio the fourth with one Thousand and fifty men and supprised the principal Shawonee Town on the Eavening of the Tenth Inst amediately Detacking off Strong parties to different Quarters in a few Hours two thirds of their Towns was laid in ashes and everything they ware possess'd of destroy'd except such articles most usefull to the Troops the Enemy not having time to Secret any part of their Riches that was in ye Villages the British Trading post at the Portage on the Head of the Miami shared the same fate by Colo Benj. Logan and a party one Hundred and fifty Horse whare property to a great amount was burnt the Quantity of provisions destroyed far surpassed any Idea we had of their Stores of that kind the loss of the Enemy was Ten scalps Seven prisoners and two whites Retaken ours one kiled one wounded After laying part of four Days in their Towns finding all attempts to bring them to a gen! Action Fruitless eve retired the season being far adanced and the weather threatening I could not by the prisoners that they had the least Idea of Gen! Erwins [Irvine] Intention of penetrating into the Cuntrey should he have given them another stroke at Sandusky it will more than double the advantage already gained We might probably have got many more scalps and prisoners could we have timely known whether or not we ware discovered which we took for granted untill geting within three miles Some circumstances happened caused us to think other-ways though un- certain Cola Floyd was ordered to advance with three Hundred men and bring on an action or attack the Town 'Majr Walls with a party of Horse being previously sent on a different Rout as a party of observation although Col Floyds motion was so quick that he got to the Town but a few minutes later than those whome discovered his approach the Inhabitants had Suffitient notice to effect their escape by the allarm cry that was given on the first discovery and to be 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:381. 158 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS heard at a great distance and repeated by all that hear it so that he only fell in with the Rear of them I must beg leave to Recom- ment to your Excellency the Militia of Kentuck who did themselves Honour on this occasion espetially their desire of saving prisoners I am yr Obt Servt G R CLARK GOVERNOR HARRISON) JOHN CRITTENDEN TO WILLIAM DAVIES, November 29, 1782 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:383-384.] MAJ'R JOHN CRITTENDEN TO COL'R WM. DAVIES. FAYETTE COUNTY Ky. Novem. 29th 1782 D'R COLO: I thank you for your favour of the sixth of April last, which this moment came to hand, accompanied by a letter from B. Genl: Irvin to Genl: Clarke, Dated Fort Pitt, seventh Inst: announcing that the Intended Expedition against Sandusky under his Command in Oct: last, was Countermanded by the Secretary of the Continental board of war, in consequence of the Savages being silenced on our frontiers. The most pleasing and Interesting intelligence Ever yet Experienced by the Citizens of this Department. As the most accu- rate accounts will be given you of our late Expedition against the Shawana Indians, I shall be silent on that head (with this observation only) that we Recrost the Ohio River on the i8th Inst: having kill'd ten Savages, taken Io prisoners, Depopulated seven Towns, and burnt ten thousand bushels of corn. I have no Reason to doubt but the conduct of those, by whom the State have suffered abuses, will be held out to the most conspicu- ous View, and treated as attrocious criminals. I have this day made out the locations for your warrants com- mitted to my charge by Capt: Holt, and shall enter them with Colo. Marshall, whose office is now open in two or three days. After which shall proceed with utmost dispatch to have them survey'd; therefore would wish you, if convenient, to write him on the subject of the Expences arising, as I am without the means, or otherways would willingly defray them. pray excuse haste and believe me, with most sincere regard, Your most obe't and very h'ble Servt." CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, NOVEMBER 29, 1782 159 BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, November 29, 1782 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1782, pp. 189-190.] GEN. G. R. CLARKE. IN COUNCIL 29th Novem: 1782- SIR I have lately received an order from a Major Lintott [Linctot] on this State for the payment of a Sum of Money which he says is due to him as Indian Agent in the Illinois, with a charge of rations as a Major and a long Account of Expenditures in his Office, I find he was employ'd some years ago by Governor Jefferson in this Busi- ness but he has never done me the favor of writing to me since I had the Honor of being in the Government nor did I know there was such an officer till the presentment of the Order. - I request you to give me full Information respecting this Gentleman, what services he has render'd, when you think his Appointment ended, what occasion he had to expend the public Money, whether you gave him any power to do it in future. There is one remarkable Cir- cumstance attending his account which is that ColQ Mongomery and ColP Todd both drew for large sums of Money about the Time Lintott dates his, and they both say part of the Supplies they obtain'd were for the Indians, these difficulties can not be got over till I re- ceive your answer, nor perhaps even then without a great deduction as the charges for the Necessaries furnished the Indians exceed even the Conception of any Man on Earth. I am c. B. H. JOHN CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, November 29, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J61.-A.L.S.] LEXINGTON 29th Novembr 1782 DR GENERAL I sincerely thank you for your favour of the 25th Inst. by MT Buckner which was handed me yesterday at this place, In the Con- tents of which I discover no difficulty but what I can with Ease sur- mount (that only Excepted) of procuring the Fifty thousand Acres i6o ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS of warrints for the Gentlemen you mention, as being totally without the means necessary to accomplish the purchase Your brothers warrints I have already made out Locations for, on the land Recommended by you begining within the Square of Cole Logans second Encampment below the forks of licking, which I discover to be the Object of several, should they take place of me by Senr warrints (Or) you not be well pleasd with the situation, you will Exceedingly oblige me to signify your pleasure Respecting it as Quick as possible, as I am at a loss to Locate it on the other places you mention with that speciallity the law Requires, I shall use Every Exertion within my power to purchase the warrints al- luded to, but do Candedly acknowledge that I despair in succeed- ing, for which give me leave to Express my sorrow, as your Injunc- tions will Ever be deemd an honour done me, I Congratulate you on the Receipt of the letters accompanying this being fully perswaded that the Indians being silencd will produce the most salutary Conse- quences on the whole of our frontiers, The first Respite we have Experienced for several years past I Receivd a letter from Coll WIP Davis C. of the war office this day, dated the 6th of april last, where- in he Expresses his satisfaction, as Commissioners were apointed for Liquidating the accounts of this department, That no misconduct of any kind would pass unnoticed by you I am owing Mr Tardivou pound;13 which Mr Chapline was to settle with him, I am Informd this day he has not done so, as a Line from you will be satisfactory to him as there is apparent dealings between you, shall Esteem it as a singular favour as there is no possibillity of my going down, to answer his demand, I am sorry to trouble you on this Occasion but hope you will Excuse it as being warrinted by necessity I am Dr General With perfect Esteem Your Devoted and Very Humble Servt JNQ CRITTENDEN P. S my Coming over shortly is uncertain as business goes on slow and my Constant attendance must be given Pray write me CLARK TO HARRISON, NOVEMBER 30, 1782 i6i Often Majr Pellam a gent of my acquaintance gives his Compliments to you J C Addressed: Brigadier General George R Clark Honourd by Capt Chapline Endorsed: 30th Novr 1782 John Critingdon Letter CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, November 30, 1782 [Executive Communications, 1782, Va. State Archives.] 1 LINCOLN NoVr 30th 1782 SIR I had this Day the pleasure of receiving your Letr dated 17th of Octobr which for a few moments I was at a loss to Comprehend but on Recollecting some Circumstances find that on the supposition of your taking many Reports and party Memorials, I learn have been handed to your Excellency for granted that your then duty Required such a Letter to me I unfortunately have not the Copys of my former Letra to Government with me and to send in pursuit of the person I expect to be the bearer of this wha has already set out so that it is not in my power to be as minute as I could wish I have always made a point to inform Government of every Circum- stance I thought nessessary for them to know except the importance of it was too trifling a Consequence to be at the expence of an Express and no oppertunity offering in short almost impossible at this dis- tance to acquant you of the Various Circumstances attending so Critical and extensive a dept as this is for many months past it was impossible to have got a Letr to you without a Strong Guard except by Chance I have in a former Letr I think given you Satisfactory Reasons why the posts alluded to was not Built preparations ware made early in the Spring for the execution of your orders but a full act of the designs of the Enimy caused us to alter our plans prudence directed that we should not enter on too large a scale the Fortifica- tions at the Falls was first to be Repaired proceed to Kentucky from thence to Licking compleating our Works in Rotation but in the execution of this business I had not only to counteract the design of 'This letter is abstracted and printed in part in Calendar of Firginia State Papers, 3:384-385. 162 ILLINOIS HISTORICdL COLLECTIONS the Enemy but a powerfull party endeavoring to subvert the govern- ment of which I have reason to believe that great part of those whom give your Exceyll so much Inteligence belong those and many other Resent circumstances caused us to meet with difficulties in drawing out the Militia hardly to be surmounted with the assistance of many worthy Gentlemen in office, I found that it was impossible to Build those posts without the greatest probability of sacrificing a party as not less than Six or Seven Hundred Men could have keep possession of the Mouth of Licking after Six Days being within Eighty Six Miles of the Body of the Enimy and the Clamour of Eaven those people whome I Suspect to have made their Complaint to you was that such post could not be supported and of no Consequence though I believe it not to be the Real Sentiments of the whole but rather to desopoint the design to save themselves from the Duty; Receiving repeated Inteligence from the Enimy we endeavored to Fix on the most likely plan to save the Cuntrey Colo Todds Militia was ex- cused from all other duty but that of keeping out proper Scouts and spies on the Ohio and Else whare to discover the aproach of the Enemy to give time to Imbody a Sufficient force to Repell them as it could not be previously done not certainly knowing in what quarter they would make their stroke instead of those necessary duties being done on which their salvation apparently depended the Enimy was Suffered to penetrate deliberately into the bowels of their County and make the attack before they were discovered This I believe is what is wished to be blended and the neglect to be one of the principal Springs to that Mad pursuit arid Carriage of the Blue Licks as the Reverse of fortune would have obliviated the for- mer neglect I must confess that I have been defitient in my duty in not given you an Act of Every Circumstance attending this un- happy affair but hope to be excused as it was only owing to my Delicacy in affecting the Memmory of the Gentlemen who Fell not conceiving it to be of Singular advantage to government and know- ing it would fix a Eternal Stigmy on their Characters but as the scale has turned to the amazement on many I shall amediately Col- lect every Circumstance Relative to the whole affair for your perutial You will pardon me Sr for informing your Excellency that you will hereafter find that you are greatly imposed on by party I am CLARK TO HARRISON, NOVEMBER 30, 1782 i63 persuaded that if you were acquainted with the true Characters of many of these Gentlemen that you speak of that you would have no farther allution to them you have complained that Gentlemen do not give information of Shamefull neglect committed I suppose by me, their is no Gentleman of his own knowledge know of any Except those Little Gent- I have before hinted if nothing but the Zeal I have for the publick interest and the Idea I have of your goodness would induce me to venture to tell your Excellency that as long as you Countenace those those kind of people you encourage Enimies to the state and keep part of your government in Confution but I know your cituation and how difficult it must be for you to discrimi- nate, Instance what was the design of the memorial I learned you Received from Fyatt County, to cover their own conduct and a prelude to a Majrs Commission for a Triffler amd a Col for a person something more deserving to the prejudice of a Valuable man Mr Swearingen ther former Majr who had been absent for some time and was Dayly expected which would have prevented their Design to my Certain knowledge they now dread the Execution of what a few of them ware deluded to pray for again Colo Donaldson last Spring Chairman of the Committee that endeavoured to subvert the government and cost us soo much trouble to overset since bearing an important Commission, as for Expences disappointment the want of publick Credit neglect Mal Conduct in persons imployed I have perhaps experienced greater anxiety for the welfare of the State than most men in it as the changes in government have been so fre- quent that it would of course put it out of their power so fully to feel all those misfortunes attending its interest as one continually rngaged in its service to enumerate all the Various Circumstances attending mine what man in the State that would not have cast of their allegiance to it overset its Government in this Quarter Endorsed, G. R. Clark letter, Nov. 30th. 1782. Addressed to His Excellency, Benjamin Harrison, Richmond. 164 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, November 30, I782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] 1 LINCOLN Novr 30th 1782 G CLARK 30 Novr 1782 SIR, Since the return of the Expedition nothing of moment hath tran- spired except that of an offitial account of Geni Erwin's disappoint- ment the Cuntrey seem to enjoy perfect tranquility at present how long it will remain so time only will show but I have reason to ex- pect that the Enemy will be silant for some time I had a great pros- pect of geting the post at the mouth of Licking built and garrisoned by the army on our Return but found it would be exceedingly dis- agreable to them to be detained if in my power your orders shall be executed but how those posts are to be supplyed I can not as yet conceive nothing can be got on the credit of the State the expendi- tures of Govr for a considerable time being on private funds I have by disposing of some Lands that I was possessed of Laid in a tolerable store at the Falls but if divided between three or four posts will be but trifling I some time past wrote to you on the subject of the Specific Tax and have Received Col. Davis's Letr ordering that of Fyat to be delivered which will add much to Our store I can Act for the reason why the other two countries should be excluded I have heard of commissioners being appointed for the collecting the Tax in districts and have thought Col Todd to have been appointed to this, as the Letters from the War office mentioned his delivering of the whole of the Tax, but uncertain the Cuntrey is so circum- stanced at present that no draught from the Interiour frontier will be necessary for some time, (as the late Enterprise will put the Enemy in great confution) Except you should think of an excurtion against the Ouabash Nations in the spring which would finally pre- vent their making any powerfull attempt for sometime and perhaps Silance near the whole in that Quarter as proper Speaches well timed divide their councils and keep them in confution if you should think of puting any such thing in execution I shall yet Receive pleas- ure in makeing every preparatory stroke in my power before I leave 1This letter is printed in Calendar of Firginia State Papers, 3:386-387. McDOWELL TO CLARK, DECEMBER 4,1782 i65 the Cuntrey which period I hope will be by the last of March as the Commissioners have at last arrive and expect to do business with them as soon as I fix on some probable plan for Building garisoning and Victualing the posts on the Ohio I am Dr Sr Your Hbl Servt G R CLARK HIS EXCELLENCY BENJN HARRISON. JOHN CRITTENDEN TO CLARK, December 4, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J6z.-A.L.S.] LEXINGTON 4 Decembr 1782 DR GENL Since my last to you have some small prospect of Obtaining a few warrents towards a Compliance with your Requisition, But by no means a sufficient Quantity, therefore if any can be procurd on the South Side of Kantucky and forwarded to me shall Joyfully Receive them and proceed with the utmost dispatch to the Execution of the business Wee are Informd some Indians have done damage in Jefferson County, There has also been fresh sign discovered on the south waters of Licking pray write me and believe me with Sincere Regard Your Obedt and Humble Servt JOHN CRITTENDEN Addressed: Brigadier Genl George R Clark Honourd by W: Daniel Esqr Endorsed: Maj Critenden JOHN 'MCDOWELL TO CLARK, December 4, 1782' [Draper MSS., PJ63.-A.L.S.] COL. BowMIAN's Decemr oth I782. SIR, The Commissioners have finished their Letters for the Court of Kaskaskias and St Vincents inclosing Advertisements of their Meet- " For the report of the Western Commissioners, see post, 293 ff. I66 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ing at the Falls the I5') January 1783, and not having an Oppor- tunity of sending them by any particular Messenger, recommend them to your immediate Care requesting to have them forwarded with Dispatch; this they Expect will not be inconvenient as you mav have Occasion to write to the Gentlemen employed in the dif- ferent Departments under you, to appear with their Accounts c agreeable to their Letter of Novemr the I4th UltQ addressed to your honour from Lexington. By Order of the Board, I am, Sir, your most obt Servant JOHN M'DOWELL Sect THE HONELE BRIGDR GEN" CLARK. Addressed: On Public Service The Honourable Brigadier Gen] George R. Clark Cove Spring Endorsed: Decembr 5th 1782 Board of Commissioners BENJAMIN HARRISON TO THE SPEAKER OF THE VIRGINIA HOUSE OF DELEGATES, December 7, I782 [Draper MSS., xoS9x-93.] SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES. IN COUNCIL, 7th Decr, 1782. SIR: I beg the favor of you to lay before the General Assembly a letter from Gen. Clark, together with two letters from him to the Chickasaw Nation, and his instructions to Capt. George, who he has sent into that country to signify his acceptance of peace, to propose a cession of some of their lands for a consideration to be paid by this country. The General has been led to this last step from the favorable disposition of the Indians at this time, and an opinion taken upon pretty sure grounds that the Indians will not easily submit to those lands being settled without their leave. I cannot help thinking the measure a good one, tho' the General had never the least authority for taking the step. It now rests with the Assembly whether the hint shall be improved, and the purchase made or not. Prudence seems to advise the measure, as the lands will thereby be secured to the State and its officers even beyond the reach of those who wish to deprive us of our other Western Terri- CLARK TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, 1782 i67 tory under a pretext of their being bought from the Indians by in- dividuals and the State of New York. I hope for the determination of the Assembly as soon as convenient, that the express which is now waiting in town on expenses may be dispatched. [Then requests the return of the papers as soon as the Assembly shd be done with them.] JOHN CRITTENDE-N TO CLARK, December 14, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J64.-A. L. S.] l4th Decembr 1782 LEXINGTON DR GENW In my last to you I signified my wishes to Comply with your Requisition Relative to securing the land you spoke of for those Gent: below, in which I then discoverd no other Obstacle but the want of warrants, I sollicited your aid, I have not yet made a single Location Business going on so slow, and all my warrants being of young date, The Consequence is the land spoken of in your Letter to me is taken by Cola Levi Todd others. However may yet be able to oblige you or if not with the whole in part. I have not Recd a single line from you on the subject I have the Honour to be Your Devoted Humb Servt JOHN CRITTENDEN Addressed: Brigadier Gent George R. Clark Favoured by !kIr Scott Endorsed: MIajr Crittenden CLARK TO THE WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, December I5, I782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' LINCOLN Decr I5th 1782. DR GENTN I have received your several LetrX of ye I4tb Novr 4th Inst the settlement of the Act of this Dept is what I have long most ardently wished for and nothing in my power shall be wanting to faciliate the business but have to inform you that several persons Imployed as alluded to in yours of the I4 Novr do not come under my notice in 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3 :396-397. i68 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS the settlement of their Acts the Comertial ageants and part of the purchasers for the Campain Eighty one to wit Mr John Dodge of Ilinois ColP William Harrison of ye Monongehaly CaptO R Madi- son of Bottetourt and Deputies as they ware appointed by govern- ment and ordered to settle their Acts with the auditors notwithstand- ing I shall take pleasure in promoting the settlement of those or any other act" that may concern the Publick flattering myself that when the whole should be adjusted that you will find that great attention have be paid to accg at least as great as circumstances would admit of in all act I could possibly pay attention to His Excellency the Governour hath Recommended it to me to Select you as councellor in any Military Case that may be of a Dubious nature and if your times would permit I should thank you for your advice in the follow Case of Importance to this Cuntrey In JanY last I received orders from the Executive to have the fol- lowing post erected (and garrisoned by Draughts from the Militia) the mouth of Kentucky the Mouth of Licking Limestone Various Circumstances put it out of our power to have this business Executed without the greatest probability of loosing the party that should be sent for the purpose untill the present Fall when it would have be attended with the loss of the late Expedition Since my return I have Received farther instructions to have those orders Amediately Exe- cuted I donot think they would have been so positive if his Excel- lency had not been imposed on by some designing fellows that did not care for the Interest of the Cuntrey or knew very very little about it of which your presence will better inable you to Judge it is now not by business to inquire into the propriety of Establishing those posts, under our present circumstances but to Execute the orders if in my power at same time could wish to know your opinions of them and particularly in what manner they are to be supported with provitions c there may be about Sixty thousand lbs of Flower in Store at Fort Nelson and not a Ration to be bought on the Credit of the State Small quantities of Meat is to be got by hunting at the Risque of the lives of the Hunters and Expense of almost its worth of Amunition the grain c of Fyatt is ordered to be delivered for the support of the Troops and expect to be impowered to receive that of the other counties ye whole that will be collected I doubt NATHAN TO HARRISON, DECEMBER 19,1782 i69 will be but a small Amount this is all the dependance we have for the Support of those posts without government would furnish Cash or send Flower by the way of Pittsburg I belive there will be a sufficient number of delinquents to garison one of them the Militia will murmur but I believe may be got to duty if their should be any other Circumstance that you wish to know of me before you favour me with the Result of your Consultation I shall transmit them with dispatch to you I am Dr Gent" Your obedt Servt G R CLARK SIMON NATHAN TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, December i9, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] HIS EXCELLENCY BENJAMIN HARRISON ESQ4 RICHMOND I9ti December 1782 SIR Absolute and extreme necessity has oblidged me to leave my dis- tressed Family in Philadelphia, and come to this place in Order to pray your Excellency that my Claims on this State as set forth in the Inclosed Memorial may be taken under your serious consider- ation. nothing can be more painfull to me than my sundry appli- cations, and the reflection of there being any dispute on the subject of those Bills: but avoid all future Altercation and bring the matter to a Decisive point, I am still willing to submit the issue of this Claim to the determination of such disinterested Gentlemen as your Excellency and HonbI Board with myself may agree upon, and for this purpose I will attend your Excellency at the Council Chamber when I am notified of the proposition meeting your Approbation, there are a variety of strong and most urgent reasons for my wishing this reference, but none more powerful than my sincere wish and desire that impartial justice should take place, for I declare to your Excellency most solemnly, I never did directly or indirectly wish to gain One Iota of advantage of this Commonwealth, and I hope my future Conduct will evince the sincerety of this declaration all I can venture to say more at present is that I am only allowed by my Clamorous Creditors a short time to endeavour to procure them 170 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS payment should I fail in this State of obtaining the means, my situa- tion must unavoidably be a hard and cruel confinement in a loathsome jail. I am much oblidged by the payment you have made Mr Thomas Smith, for Mr Armistead promisary Note and the partial payment on Mr Ross's Certificates, should your Excellency be pleased to incline to make me a further payment on the said Certificates as p Acount under cover, I will take Tobacco, Hemp, Flour at any place within this Commonwealth and at the highest prices as yet given by any person in this State, my Necessities are such that should make any discount whatsoever for immediate payment I have the Honor to be with very great Respect Your Excellys Obedt Servant SIMON NATHAN. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, December 19, 1782 [Draper MSS., 1oS93-97.-Transcript.] 1 IN COUNCIL, 19tb Decem: 1782 SIR- Your letter of the x8th October by express came safe to hand with its enclosures. As the Assembly was sitting, I immediately laid them before them, and enclose you their resolution on the subject, together with the advice of Council given me on the resolution, to which you are strictly to conform. I agree perfectly with you that obtaining the lands from the Indians by purchase, if it can be done at a moderate price, will be prudent; yet it behooves us to be ex- tremely cautious how the Deed is worded, as we say that this State has an exclusive right to all the lands within its chartered boundary, and if that circumstance is not particularly attended to, it may give some right to the extraordinary pretentions set up by some of the United States, under color of Indian purchases. You'll, therefore, be very attentive to the subject, and suffer no words to be introduced into the Deed that may in any manner countenance such a claim. You'll please also to be careful not to include any of the lands with, in the bounds of North Carolina, which Dr Walker informs me are pretty well ascertained in that quarter. 'This letter was contributed by Dr. Kellogg. HARRISON TO CLARK, DECEMBER 19, 1782 I 7I You know that Commissioners are appointed to meet the Chicka- saw and Creek Indians in the spring, to settle a peace with them; at which time I think it will be most convenient to fix the terms of the purchase-yet if you have good reasons for thinking it can be done more advantageously elsewhere, I would have you consult your own judgment, and act accordingly; but if not, I could wish you to attend at the treaty as well for making the purchase, as to assist the Commissioners in the business of peace. You'll please to advise immediately after the return of Capt. George of his success, and what mole will be necessary to bring the business to a conclusion, whether the Indians will expect cash or goods; if the latter, of what kind they are to be. If you can so order it, cash will be most agreeable to us, as goods cannot be procured nearer than Philadelphia. I have explained myself so fully to you on the subject of your command, in my letters that had not got to hand when the express left you, that nothing remains to be said on that subject, except to remind you of the necessity there is for establishing the posts at Wheeling [ ] and Licking as soon as possible, and I request that you let no considerations withdraw your attention from those objects. I agree with you that the command you have is not a proper one for a gentleman of your rank, and therefore accept your proposal of returning; before you leave it, I wish you to regulate the regular corps, and reduce the number of officers to the number of privates; if the officers cannot agree amongst themselves who shall retire, you must call on the youngest to do it. If a talk to the Indians can be prepared in time for the express, you will have it enclosed; if not it shall be sent to ColQ Martin in a short time who will forward it to you. The desire the people have of revenging themselves on the savages for the loss of so many valuable friends, I suppose was the cause of your undertaking an expedition, otherwise it was certainly wrong to do it without consulting me. I have some reason to apprehend it will rather prolong than shorten the Indian war, as my advices from the Northward tell me that the English have called in all their parties, and mean no more to act on the offensive. How long they may continue in this disposition is uncertain, but if they are quiet 172 ILLINOIS HISTORIC/L COLLECTIONS for the next year I am in hopes the settlement will be too strong to be under any great apprehensions from their attacks. - A stop has been put, I hope, long since, to the destructive practice of drawing bills on New Orleans; if it has not, I must insist that nothing of the sort in future take place, for no such will ever be paid. Of this, you'll give notice to the several officers under your command. I am, Sir, c. B. H. EVIDENCES OF CORRUPTION, December 24, 1782 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] LINCOLN COUNTY Decemr 24th 1782. This Day came before the Board of Commissioners, Cap. George Davidson, who commanded a Company of the Green Brier Militia belonging to Majr Thomas Quirks Detachment which were ordered to join Genl Clark in the Spring 1781, And made Oath that while said Troops were at Fort Chiswell, som of them behaved in a very disorderly Manner, frequently taking and riding the public Horses when they thought proper without Leave, much to the prejudice of the said Horses; - And that it was reported, and he the Deponent believes, they repeatedly broke into the Quartermaster's Store and took a Quantity of Led and Whiskey, that Cap. Joseph Gray and himself in one Instance, saw the said Store breaking open by some of the said Militia, who effected their Escape before they could be taken, and that he afterwards heard a certain Arnold Custard confess, that he in company with another of said Militia, broke open the aforesaid Store and took out a Piggon full of Whiskey, - And that they continued to behave in that disorderly Manner while on their March to the Kentucky Country, that less or more of the pub- lic Horses were lost almost every Night which he believes was chiefly owing to the Want of necessary Guards, - And that after the Arival of said Troops in Kentucky, At Col. Logan's they and Some Negroes took several of the Pads out of the Pack Saddles, and that the Linnen of which the Pads were made was afterwards found upon them - And that near forty of the said Men deserted the third Day after their Arival at Col Logan's, and it was said that Number of Bells GIBSON TO CLARK, DECEMBER 24, 1782 were lost off the public Horses about that Time; -And that MIaj' Quirk at Col. Logans took the Amunition from the Quartermas- ter into his Own Care (all except a Bar of Lead of about seventy weight) which the Deponent understood were stored at Harrods Station -And that the greater part of the said Bar of Lead he believes was soon after stolen by the said Militia, and that he after- wards heard John Arbuckle Samuel XMoore and Ananias Irvin three of these Men confess they took a part of this Led and the Deponent further says at all Times while at Fort Chiswell and on the said larch, M4r. Rowland Madison appeared to him to use every pre- caution in his Power, to preserve the aforesaid Stores and Horses, and that the Losses both of the Horses and Stores was not owing to any Neglect of said Madison, it being impossible for him to pre- serve them for the want of a sufficient Number of Mfen to Guard the Horses when in Pastures, and to hunt them in the Mornings when they were coming through the 'Wilderness, and also to guard the Stores in the Daytime. And that he heard the said Mfadison complain that he had applied for more sufficient Guards. but he could not obtain them. And further the Deponent sayeth not. Sworn to before me CALEB WsALLACE JOHNv GIBSON TO CLARK, December 24, 1782 [Draper MSS, 52j166.-AlS.] December the 24ti 1782 DR SR this is to Inform you that I have Rote to vou three times Within this three months Informing vou of my Setuation Dr Sr mv propertey in this town is to be Sold against the first Day of march Next for a Debt that I Contracted upon the Strenth of vour order on the Gouvner of Virnegina which was Regeted D' S- Now I am Ruined if vou Do Not Relive me before that time I Expect to be obledged to Leve this place in two months after this Date if you Do not Relive me and to vou I must flye to for Suker this is from your Distresed friend Jo) Glso!io To GEN ERALL GEORGE RODGERS CLAR. Addressed: To Genr' Clark favred by Cap Barber 173 174 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS J. M. P. LEGRAS TO CLARK, December 3 I, 1782 [Draper MSS., 52J67.-A.L.S.] Au GENERALE GEORGE ROGE CLARK BRIGADIER GENERALE MONSIEUR L'incertitude de votre Retoure me prive Du plaisir D aller pour le pr6sent a la Chute: Je me flatte Sous peu apprendre de votre Main L'execution heureuse de la noble Entreprise que vous aves formes pour L'honneur Et Suret6 des Etats et peuples attaches a la Cause Commune, Je Souhaite que Dieu favorise La Noblesse de vos Sentiments; Me proposant aussitot la Nouvel Certaine de votre heureux Retoure aller En personne vous feliciter. Et partager vos plaisirs; Ne pouvent plus Vivre tranquille En Cette Endroit; Manquant de tout Et meme du n6cessaire - L'inconstance des temps nous Causant une grande disette de grain Sans Ressource d'argent pour me pr6cautionner de vivres; meme Expose a Vendre mes Esclaves et au moment d'etre Execute pour Les dettes que J'ay Contract6 pour faire des avances aux Etats Et les obliger; Je mettois flatte qu'en Recconnoissance Et Vui Ma situation que vous Connoisses fort Bien; vous m'auries Envoy6 par Mr William quel- ques Effets soye farinne, sel et autre En votre pouvoir; Mais par une Lettre qu'il m at Ecris des Ilinois, il me marque que vous ne L'aves Charge de Rien pour moy ce qui ma Beaucoup afflig6 Et decide a aller sous peu meme vous prier de mettre fin a mes peines; Empressant les Etats Et Decider le Gouvernement de Virginie a me payer, Je ne peut plus Soutenir La durete avec Laquel Je Suis traite ne meritant point pareille traitement; Votre generosite Ne souffrira point que Je Souffre plus Longtemps; Je ne doute point Voyant ma triste Situation que vous ne Daignies m'envoyer par L'occasion Des franqois porteur de la pr6sente quelque Ressource pour faire Vivre ma famille; par des farinnes, sel poudre plomb M qui seront En votre pouvoir; vous pouves tout Et me repose sur vous pour Jouir d'un temps plus Serein Jay appris que quelque Sauvage au nombre de huit ont insulte Mr William sur la Belle Rivierre Et luy ont otte partie de ses Effets; et les meme quelques Jours apres ont pillie deux fransois Chassant Sur La ditte Rivierre; Je me Restere a leur Retoure D'hyvernement pour m' informer Comment Et pour quel Sujet ils Commettent LEGRAS TO CLARK, DECEMBER 31,1782 pareille Desordre; Et vous En donneres aVis - il y a apparence que les Chefs En Sont Bien pein6, et que Ses Coquins S'etoit Delaches de la Bande pour agir Librement - Suivant vos ordres J'ay fait Ven- dre les Cazarnes; que les Ameriquins, franqois Et Sauvages avoient Mis En Ruine; J'ai L'honneur de vous Reccommander Mr Carbonau amy des Etats Anisy que M" Barois La Viollette Et Gardin Et Leur procurer tout secour Et assistance qu'il pouroit avoir Besoin: En Consideration des services qu'ils ont Rendue aux Etats Unis de r a Merique: Daignies ne me point oublies pour ce que Je vous demande Et de me croire avec un profond Respect Et Sincere attachement Votre tres humble Et Tres obeissant Serviteur J. M. P. LEGRAS Lieu' ColQ A Command MONSIEUR ST VINCENNE Le 3I Xb 1782. Addressed: A Monsieur Monsieur Clark Ecuyer brigadier Gen- erale a La Chutte Et En son absence a Mr L'Officier Commandt [Translation] ro GENERAL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK, BRIGADIER GENERAL. SIR: The uncertainty as to your return deprives me for the present of the pleasure of going to the Falls. I flatter myself that I shall shortly learn from you of the happy execution of the noble enterprise which you have undertaken, for the honor and security of the States and the people attached to the common cause. May God favor your noble aspirations; I intend as soon as I hear definitely of your happy return to go in person to congratulate you and to share your pleasures. I cannot live peaceably in this place, as I am in want of everything, even of necessaries. The variable weather makes grain scarce with us and I have no money to lay in provisions. I may have to sell my slaves and am at the point of being put in execution for the debts which I have contracted to make advances to the States. I had flattered myself that in gratitude, and in view of my situation which you know very well, that you would have sent me some sup- 175 I76 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS plies by Mr. William, flour, salt, and anything else that you could. But by a letter which he has written to me from the Illinois, he informs me that you have sent me nothing by him which has dis- tressed me very much, and decided me to go to see you shortly, to beg you to put an end to my troubles. In pressing the States and the Government of Virginia to decide to pay me, I cannot bear any longer the harshness with which I am treated, and which I do not deserve. Your generosity will never permit me to suffer any longer. I do not doubt, that in view of my sad condition, you will send me by the Frenchman who carries this letter, something for the support of my family; flour, salt, powder, lead etc. whatever you can; you can do anything and I hope through you to enjoy serenity. I have learned that a band of eight Indians have insulted Mr. William while on the Belle River, and have taken from him a part of his effects; and that the same Indians, some days after, have plun- dered two Frenchmen who were hunting on the same river. At their return from winter quarters I will find out how and for what reason they are guilty of such disorders; and I will advise you. It appears that the chiefs are chagrined at it and that these rascals have broken away from the tribe in order to act freely. Following your orders, I have sold the barracks, which the Americans, French and Indians have reduced to ruins. I have the honor to recommend to you Mr. Carbonneau, a friend of the States, as well as Messrs. Barois, La Viollette, and Gardin, and to ask you to procure for them all the aid and assistance which they may need in consideration of services which they have rendered to the United States of America. Please do not forget what I ask of you and believe me to be with profound respect and sincere attachment, Your very humble and very obedient servant, J.M.P.LEGRAs, Lieut. Col. in command. ST. VINCENNES, December 3I, 1782. MR. CLARK, ESQ., Brigadier General at the Falls, and in his absence to the Officer Commanding. CLARK TO DAVIES, JANUARY 1, 1783 CLARK TO WILLIAM DAVIES, January I, 1783 [Executive Documents, Va. State Archives.] LINCOLN January Ikt 1783 SIR. You receive from Majr Walls, Returns of the stores, of this Department, I hope you will consider the officers, they are in a de- plorable situation, in short, cannot remain in service without assist- ance, if the soldiers, could receive but part of their pay, it wou'd encourage them greatly, you will find by the returns that there is not a sufficiency of Cannon, for a Block hous, instead of Mounting four or five Forts, I expected cannon stores to have been sent last spring, for the different Posts to be built on the Ohio, but received but two pieces. the number of Troops continue to decreas, I was thinking that if Government, were to order the Militia of Kaintucky, to be Classed, and each fifteen furnish a man for the war, as other parts of the state, it would reais the Regulars to about two hundred with a small reinforcement of the Millitia, And perhaps would an- swer the purpose of Garrisoning the Posts, Government, would wish to suport in this Quarter, I only hint this, as some such plan might perhaps be Resolved on, to the advantage of the Frontier, After informing of you that not a Ration, is to be got on the Credit of the state, it will be unneessary to point out the necessity of Govern- ments, falling on some plan for the suport of the Troops, in this Quarter, the stores of Provision Purchased in eighty one, are ex- hausted, We are preparing to go about the works at the mouth of Kaintucky c, but it is with reluctance, as we expect nothing els but to have the pleasure of Destroying it again, not as yet knowing in what maner they are to be suported with provisions c, wishing to receive further Instructions from Government on the subject, but in the mean time shall take the most prudent Measures that our Reason may Dictate, I expected to be able to leave the Frontier, some time in March, or the first of April, and could wish to find that it was likely to be in a Tolerable Situation of Defence, you will as fully know its wants as I do, perhaps much better as I am a stranger to the Proposals of a General peace, supposing us to Remain in a state of a War, to save blood Treasure, this Department ought 177 I78 ILLINOIS HISTORICCAL COLLECTIONS to be well supported, excuse me for mentioning anything like Dic- tating to you, and permit me, to subscribe myself. Your very Obt Servt G R CLARK COL: W. DAVIS JAMES MONROE TO CLARK, January 5, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J69-70.-A.L.S.] RICHMOND Jany 5 1783 SIR I did propose writing you sooner in answer to y9 favr I have sometime since recd from you, but not having till yQ present an oppor- tunity wh I cod with propriety avail myself of defer'd it hitherto. Mr Gratiot who appears from ye circumstances before us to be yr intimate friend will present this to you. When I first came into office I inform'd you that as well from y9 desire I had of rendering service to yP community at large as of paying attention to ye par- ticular interests of that part w4 you are appointed to defend, it was my desire to correspond confidentially with a gentP of character there. that in consequence of y9 very favorable impressions yr conduct as generally recO as particularly stated to me by my friend Mr Jeffer- son had made on me, induced a desire of corresponding with you. The same motives wh induced this proposition to you ye same spirit of candour w4 inclin'd me to wave ye difficulty of yr being a stranger will I doubt not apologize for y9 contents of ye present letter. Since I have been at yQ Board a variety of business respecting ye western country hath been before it. a variety of communications respecting yr particular conduct have been made to us. Yr draughts to an immense amt. on Oliver Pollock at N. Orleans others in ye western country who have taken up bills on ye treasury, have been presented for paymt Mr Pollocks claim if I recollect aright amounts to 275 o00 dollars or more specie. other claims under yra yr offi- cers draughts wh have already been presented make yQ sum amt to above ioo,ooo pound; specie. I speak within bounds when I confine it to this sum. a Capt. George drew at one time for 230,000 specie dollars on Olivr Pollock his letter of advice specifically mentions specie Mr Pollock says he advanc'd 32,000 dollrs having either delay'd payment or protested ye bill for ye remdr MONROE TO CLARK, JANUARY 5, 1783 Capt. George in a subsequent letter to y9 Govr contradicts this fact says he drew for paper dolrs I will not be positive whether ye letter is address'd to yv Govr or some other person but his letter we have contradicting it. These draughts are immense calculated to exhaust impoverish ye state ultimately we fear to turn to no publick benefit. we are with respect to them much surpris'd you wod upon any occasion permit yr inferior officers to draw bills, cannot conceive why yr arrangments have not been such that in yr gen' superintendence of ye military affra westwd you have not kept them simply to yQ duty of getting provision eating it, cloaths wearing them receiving them from those who, under you, procure them for them. The country in wh you carry on yr operations we know is extensive in yP distance of ye posts from each other y' several officers commanding them must have a kind of discretionary power in yr absence, but the discretion we conceive they shoO exercise ought to be simply confin'd to their operations ago ye enemy. for instance while you are at one post, if assail'd at another ye officer commanding must use such means for his defense as he thinks will prove most efficatious. but this discretion shod never be extended to their making contracts for cloaths without yr knowledge or pro- curing provision but in ye manner you have prescribed provided for. If each officer hath this power you open a door to his corrup- tion, you open a door to excessive fraud and peculation on publick property by making him a merchant you illiberalize his heart detach him from ye publick interest. I make this observation geney wish not to apply it to any particular sett of men or even country. If howe'er yr officers have acted without yr. orders, or even consent, in y' many instances wherein exceptions have arose to their conduct, we cannot conceive why you have not arrested, broke dismiss'd them from yQ service, for certainly you must be aware that by not subjecting them to censure you give them yr. countenance. These several circumstances together with ye little appearance of order or oeconomy wh we can discover have I must inform you, made more probable with ye Board ye several reports we have heard to yr. prejudice. viz. that you are personally engag'd in private specula- tions wh at least do not promote ye publick interest further that you drink to an excess. 179 180 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS we know that Congress wish to wrest that country from us we further know that if they can do it they will that without making us a reycompensation for y; immense expense we have been at. we mean howeer not to let them have it, but if in yP chance fortune of things they shod get it from us turn it to gen interest of y9 United States in prejudice of this, we mean not in yv meantime to desert it in ye infancy but to give it what support we can, as well in ye pleasure we have in ministring aid to yt offspring of ye state as in marring and dashing ye views of yP enemy. The interest of ye State requires a full settlemt of all these western affrs as the State thereby will be appris'd with certainty what she does what she does not owe, that she may preserve her honor interest do justice to her creditors, as well as introduce order oeconomy in y9 several particularly in that department. and after yv communications I have very candidly made you I think you will readily concur with me that this investigation is very necessary to yr character interest. You have been appris'd that after settling with ye comrm yr presence is rcquir'd here to attend ye orders of ye Executive. this it was sup- pos'd you might effect by April. Mr Gratiot will inform you what has been done with respect to Mr Pollocks accts c as well as his own. to him I beg leave to refer you upon every other subject on w4 you wish information shall only add that I shall be glad to hear from you am with my best wishes for yr health welfare yr mo: obt servant JAS. MONROE BENJAMIN HARRISON TO BENJAMIN LOGAN, January 13, 1783 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, Va. State Archives.] COL: BENJAMIN LOGAN.- COUNCIL CHAMBER Janu: I3th 1783. SIR Gen: Clark has given me Information of his success in a late expedition against the Shawnees Indians and of the spirited and active part you and the Militia of Kentuckey took in it and the Obligations he and your Country in general are under both to you and them in thus manfully stepping forth and correcting a Tribe of hARRISON TO CLARK, JANUARY 13,1783 Indians who have manifested such an inveterate hatred to us, and who have hitherto been too successful in their expeditions against our frountier Inhabitants. Be assured Sir that the Executive entertain the highest sense of your conduct and services and I beg you to accept of our warmest Acknowledgements for them, and that you will communicate both to the Officers and Men under your command our thanks, and assure them we shall ever entertain a proper sense of the important services they have rendered their Country in thus manfully stepping forth to revenge the Blood of their Countrymen, and correcting the Insolence of a bloodthirsty and vindictive Enemy, who have so long triumphed over us, and desolated our frontiers. The Blow was so well timed and so happily executed that I hope it will put such an effectual stop to their hostile Intentions against your Infant Settlement, as will give you time so to strengthen your- selves, as to render fruitless any of their future attempts to disturb you.- I am Sir c. B. H. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, January 13, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J73.-A.L.S.] COUNCIL CHAMBER Jandy: I3P 1783. SIR I received your favor of the 27th November and very sincerely congratulate you on the Success of your expedition against the In- dians, the Officers and men under your command deserve the highest praise from their Country, for their spirited conduct in the affair. Thro' you Sir the Executive desire their thanks may be given them, and that you assure them, they will ever remember with gratitude the Services they have rendered; the blow was well timed, and if it had been seconded by Gen: Irvine would perhaps have quieted the Indians for some Time; I have not heard from that Quarter lately, tho' I am inclined to think the General has been kept still on re- ceiving Information, that the British had call'd in all their scalping parties, and intended no more to carry on that kind of War against our back Settlements, whether they really mean as they say, Time will discover, but be it as it may, your Expedition will be attended i8i 182 ILLINOIS IlISTORICIL COLLECTIONS with good Consequences; it will teach the Indians to dread us, and convince them that we will not tamely submit to their depredations. - It has ever been my Opinion the attacking them in their own Country, was the only way to keep them quiet, and save expence, but I have unfortunately differ'd in Sentiments from those to whom I am amenable and have been under a Necessity of obeying their Injunctions, had this not been the Case, it is more than probable, we should not have depended on the Continente altogether on our Northwestern frontier. The Commissioners appointed to settle the Terms of peace with the Chickasaws will be with you soon after this gets to hand, if you have not finished the intended purchase of Lands, they have orders to assist you in it if you think it necessary, and I shall be obliged to you to do the same friendly Office by them. It has been suggested to me that it is probable the Shawnees and Hurons are so humble by your Success, that they may wish for peace, the Commissioners are therefore empower'd to make one if you shall advise it, which I expect will not be the Case, unless you can first draw the proposal from them, for tho' such an event is desirable yet great circumspec- tion must be used, or the Indians will construe our solicitations as proceeding from fear, and become less tractable than heretofore; but as you are much better acquainted with the Temper and dispositions of these people than I am, I shall leave you to Judge for yourself, without paying very strict attention to what I have said on the Sub- ject. I have now Sir to return you my particular thanks and those of my Council for your spirited and judicious Conduct thr6 the whole course of your Expedition, and to assure you that we shall ever entertain the highest Sense of the- Important Service you have rendered your Country, in subduing an Enemy who have so long enfested our frountiers with Inpunity, and destroyed such Numbers of our valuable Inhabitants. I am with respect Sir Your mo: Obedt most Huffi: Servant. BENJ HARRISON GEN: G: R. CLARKE. FALLS OF OHIO CHAPTER VJI WESTERN PROBLEMS DURING THE WINTER AND SPRING JANUARY z6, 1783-APRIL 29, 173 PROTEcrTox Or IMwCANTI-AABusts jN THE PUBslC SEREcan-Roe ows IN KEJTuCKY - FORT NELSON;, THE KEY TO THE Wm - TERMS o PEACL JAMES WOO)D TO BEN'JAMIN HARRISON, January i6, 1783 [Executive Papers, Va. State Archives.] S IR, This will be Delivered your Excellency by 'Mr Machan, One of the Captives lately returned from Canada; there is about thirty five of those unhappy People at this Place, who have been Plundered of their all by a merciless enemy, and Suffered along and Painful Captivity. Cole Holmes very readily furnished them with Provi- sions, as far as he Conceived himself Authorized by the Executive; which he informed me was not to Exceed Twenty Shillings each. As their Numbers are much less than was expected, they hope the Executive will Direct them a support 'till the Season will admit of their return to Kentucki. I have the Honor to be with the great- est respect and Esteem. Sir Yr Excellency's Verv Obt Servt JAMES WOOD. WINCHESTER JanT i6 1783. Govg HARRISON THOMAS MARSHALL TO CLARx, January 27, 1783 [Draper MSS, 52J74.-A.LS.] Jan. 27 1783 SIR Forts are of Little use in covering and defending a country situ- ated as this is against an Enemy who carry on a War in the manner the Indians do, therefore I shadl say nothing of them considered in 183 184 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS that point of view.1 I shall confine myself to population, the only object worth the expence of building and Garrisoning them; which I think attainable. To inable me to give a decisive opinion on the place most proper to ansr this purpose I shall consider as far as I am able to judge, the advantages disadvantages attending each of the places which I have heard propos'd as proper for erecting garrisons at. The mouths of Kentuckey, Licking Limestone, are the places as I understand propos'd, the other Commissioners have recommended the Mouth of Kentuckey. The reasons given by them as well as I recollect, in support of their opinion are, that it will favor the settling the Lands in its vicinity and on Brashiers's Creek Floyds fork c. cover the salt works intended to be erected at Drinnings Lick, and afford an easey convenient passage up the Kentuckey by Water to such as are removing down the Ohio and wish to Settle in Fayette. Some part of this reasoning for ought I know may be just, but of that I have my doubts. I think the Fort at the falls sufficient to answer the purpose of affording a safe land- ing, favoring the population of Jefferson; as to Lincoln, the only avenue leading into this country by land is in that County and has already fill'd it with inhabitants. It cannot be doubted but Jefferson Lincoln owe their present population to these two causes - The inlets, the only ones, into this country at present being the falls, and that through Cumberland Gap. The people of Fayette are little proffitted by either of these two passages into the Country as both are inconvenient to the people wishing to settle in that County. But it is time to give some reasons why a Garrison at the Mouth of Kentuckey will not answer the purpose suppos'd to be intended so far as concerns Fayette. These are two, first, a navi- gation up the Kentuckey with those kinds of Boats generally made use of for removing families down the Ohio is impracticable at any time but more especially so in time of War when the Enemy will probably way lay that river may fire on them from either side inevitably destroy them without a possibility of their escaping, and secondly a road from the mouth of Kentuckey into that part of Fay- ette where people most wish to settle must pass through a moun- 1For the question of establishing forts in Kentucky, see ante, 5-6, x6x- I63. The report of the commissioners to settle the western accounts, one of whom was Col. Thomas Marshall, is printed post, 293 ff. MARSHALL TO CLARK, JANUARY 27,1783 tainous country which tho' not absolutely unfit for cultivation is not likely to be settled in any small time throught which it is not possible to get a road fit for a waggon to pass without much more labor than the people in their present situation and numbers have it in their power to bestow. The same objections equally may be urged against the MI of Licking Limestone or somewhere in its Neighborhod I think most proper for the following reasons. Be- cause that body of fine Lands so much the object of desire and on which people removing to Fayette wish to settle on, juts up to the river at that place, is sever'd from the Mouths of Licking Ken- tuckey by the range of high hills aforesaid. Because it would be most convenient for all such as were moving into this country from the northern parts of Virginia and from the States of Maryland Pensylvania the other Eastern States to come down the Ohio, in that case Limestone would be the place undoubtedly where such of them as would wish to to settle in Fayette would find it most convenient to Land. Because it must appear very absurd to persons moving into Fayette, to pass the very Lands they wish to settle on, go down the river 230 Miles to the MQ of Kentuckey before they Land, then to have upwards of i00 or I50 miles to return by Land through an uninhabited mountainous Wilderness where they are every moment expos'd to the attacks of the Enemy. Because a Garrison at limestone would in al probability induce a settlement in its neighborhod or vicinage, and in a short time fill the intermedi- ate space between that the present settlements in Fayette with smaller stations inhabited by people ready as soon as a peace takes place to remove out, settle cultivate their own Lands, in the mean time by adding to our numbers enable us occasionally to carry ihe war into the Enemys country thereby render it more terrable to them. Because there is a road already made from within 5 or 6 miles of that place upwards of 50 Miles into the Country through the heart of the good lands, which with a very little labor might be made passable for waggons or other carriages. And because it seems to be a piece of justice due to the people of Fayette, who seem at present the piquet Guard of Lincoln, to allow them the same means of strengthening themselves which Jefferson and Lincoln have so successfully availd themselves of. You also desire my opinion 185 i86 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS on the manner by which this Garrison at the mouth of Limestone is to be supported with provisions. I answer. The state must for the first year send them flour from the neighborhod of Fort Pitt send it down the ohio -Beef may at the same time be supplied them by hunting, and if I am not missinform'd this is the way the Garrisond at the Falls is supplied. Upon the whole -It is my opinion that a stockade fort such a one as that at Wheeling should be immediately built at or near the mouth of Limestone and gar- risond with one company of state troops, occasionally reinforc'd by small draughts from the militia, that it should be supplied with provisions military stores sufficient for one month siege at least. And that Forts at the mouths of Licking Kentuckey considering our present resourses will be burthensome and unnecessary. I have only to add my thanks for the politeness with which you did me the honor to ask my opinion on the above subject and to assure you that I give it with pleasure sincerity and am Dear Gent Your most obedt Servt T. MARSHALL Endorsed: Col. T. Marshal Jany 27th 83 oppinion on the de- fence of the country JONATHAN CLARK TO CLARK, January 29, I783 [Draper MSS., 52J75.-A.L.S.] DR BROTHER, You must not impute my long silence to neglect or the lack of inclination, the recluse manner in which I have spent the last year has kept all opportunities from hence, an entire secret as to me, the business that you probably have on hand may serve as an apology for you. I have not had a line from you since last February. The favourable conveyances by Mr Grassett [Gratiot] I with pleasure embrace of saying something -news I have none, politicks I must not touch on, -the acts of our late assembly I have not seen, except one relative to the army, which allows their certificates for pay to go in payment of their own Taxes, and the interest of those certificates is to be paid-if anything is done respecting the back country, I do not know it. I would have made myself ac- quainted with whatever was done, and have let you known it, had I CHRISTIAN TO HARRISON, JANUARY 29, 1783 I87 known of this opportunity in time. I am this moment inform'd that Mr Grassett is on his way out, and it is now nine OClock at night. Br6. John went off with Mr Hart last fall for some of the W. India Islands, and has not return'd, he was in a very declining state, and took this voyage for the benefit of his Health, the rest of the family are very well Edmund is exchanged and intends Joining his Regiment in a week or two. I shall be very glad to hear from Richard. I have not heard certainly whether [he] got to you or not, if he has remember me to him, he should have heard from me by letter if I knew he was with you. Miss Nancy Tompkins is mird to Mr J Dickinson Capt Stevens to Miss Carter - and so on - I have flatter'd myself with the pleasure of seeing you here this win- ter but fear I shall be disappointed -my wife joins me in con- gratulating you on your recent success against the Indians - with our sincere wishes for your future prosperity I am Yr Aff Brother JONAN CLARK SPOTSYLVANIA Jan. 29, I 783 Addressed: Brigadier General George Rogers Clark Falls Ohio FaVid by Mr. Grassett WILLIAM CHRISTIAN TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, January 29, 1783 [Cal. of P'a. State Papers, 3424-425.] MAHANAINE Jan'y 29th "SIR, About a month ago, I wrote to Col: Mathews, one of your hon- ourable Board, recommending and advising the removal of Col: Martin, your Indian Agent, from the Great Island on Holston river, to Cumberland Gap. I gave some reasons in that letter why I recommended the Alteration, which I hope Col: Mathews stated to the Board." "However Sir, the chief Design of my troubling you at this Time, is to remin'd you, that it has been long talked of, and I dare say often recommended, that a Post ought to be erected on the Ohio I88 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS at the Mouth of Licking or Lime stone River, for the benefit of the middle and upper Parts of the Kentucky Country. The Falls is beyond a doubt a proper station for a garrison, but it is of no more use to the upper and middle Country than a Post on James River would be to the People on Potomack. I rather judge Limestone to be the most suitable Place, and that a hundred men would be a sufficient number for a Garrison there. It would be a proper Place for the Rendezvous of Troops going into the Shawney Country, and for the Debarkation of Families moving down the Ohio. The other advantages arising from a Post there, I need not explain, as they will in a moment occur to your Excellency. There is one however I have just thought of that I will mention. At Limestone or Licking would De a proper station for an armed vessel to cruize from, up and down the River. But it ought to be light and manageable for twenty or thirty men, which number in a proper constructed vessel would be strong enough to attack any number of Indians in Canoes. There is one thing I will mention, and although it may appear Selfish, yet you ought to be acquainted with it. Fayette County is the most exposed to the Enemy, of any County in the State, or perhaps in America, and if neglected, the Inhabitants will I dare say from Report, move away in great numbers to Cumberland in North Carolina: and if the present Inhabitants makes a Break I don't know where any others would be found to take their Places. I am informed by Letters from Kentucky that the People seem pretty easy just now, being amused with an account of a Cessation of Arms betwixt us and our Enemies: and some other accounts of General Carlton's having proposed to stop hostilities, from the Indians. The latter we hear often by travellers from Pennsylvania. Be those matters as they may, I have very slender Hopes that the Shawnees will regard either Carlton or Haldimand's Talks, in any short Time; besides the Doubt I have of Carlton's sincerity. And therefore I guess the People exposed ought to make Preparations for an early and vigorous at- tack. Small Parties have already been on our Frontiers: and near the Falls of Ohio. Their success will send out others, in spite of any vague and doubtful orders from their generals at ten or twelve hundred miles distance. I am your Excellencies obedient servant. MARTIN TO HARRISON, FEBRUARY 2, 1783 I89 JOSEPH MARTIN TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, February 2, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' LONTG ISLAND Feby the 2d 1783 SIR I Returned from the Cherokee Nation on Monday last, The news from that Quarter is, that there is Warriors sent from four differant Tribes of Indians from the Neighborhood of Detroit to hold Talks with the Cherokees, Cheekacaws, Creeks, Chocktaws, from thence to proceed to Sant Auguststine; The Old Tassall in- forms me they are to collect as many Warriors from the Southern Tribs, as in their power lyes, to assist them the Insuing Campain. That all ye other Nations are this Spring to Imbody in the Neighbor- hood of Detroit, march from there with a party of Brittish forces Against Fort Pitt, from thence to the Falls of Ohio, Kantuckey, from thence to the Illenois, in order to Take the above places, And destroy the Kaskaskian Indians, as they are sure of Success; This-Appears to be their design and plan for this year They inform the Cherokees, that if they will but Join them, they will be well Supplied with everything they want for nothing; the above Indians were seen at the Creek Nation on their way to St Augustine Acompanied with 575 Chocktaws, near 500 Cherokees - I expect they will be back some time in March, at their Arrival in the Cherokee country, I am to have Immediate notice, Therefore if your Excellancy should think proper, to order about ioo Horse- men to hold themselves in readiness, they might be easily cut off be- fore they could cross the Ohio; I am told they have dispatches from the Commander at Detroit, to the Commander at Sant Augustine, .in all probability if they could be defeated on their way home, which I think is Easily Effected, we then should be made Acquainted with all their Secret plans of War. Your Excellencys instructions respecting the Treaty with the Southern Tribes, has not come to hand, Col. Donaldson have been Weating since the 2d of last month on that business, And Weats your Excellencys Instructions. NIajr Reid who I have Imploi'd to carry those Dispatches, has also engag'd to go to the Chekacaws Nation, to fix the Time of meeting at the Cumberland River, he is 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3 :426-427. I90 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Aperson whoes Deligance Fidilety may be depended on. And I presume that it would be highly necessary, he Should be Enabled to make a good Apperance, to Stricke the attention of the Indians where he is to go. as it may Answer A good purpose with Those people, I have the Honour to be Your Excellencys Most Obt Hble SerO Jos. MARTIN Indt Agt His EXCELLENCY BENJAMIN HARRISON. ABUSES IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] Monday FebY 3d 1783 HOLLAND STATION Mr John May being summoned before the Board of Commis- sioners, appeared, and being sworn Deposeth as follows- Question Do you know anything from your own knowledge con- cernin the misapplication of Public property-Answer I once saw some few Goods going from the Public Store for Colo. Todd, and I think M Lindsay inform'd me he had charged himself with them, as he conceived he had a right to take such articles out of the Store, And I think he asked my opinion whether Colo Todd had a right as an Officer to draw such things, and I gave it he had not. In the Summer I 780, I was at Colo Slaughters at the Falls and saw a good deal of Whiskey made use of in his house but whether Public or private I am not certain but believes great part of it was public and supposes Colo Slaughter stands charged in his Account with what he expended, I know a part of it was his private property. I recollect, when Mr Angus Cameron spoke to me about the Fur that Gen! Clark purchased in the Illinois, he said, he knew of his own knowledge that the horses that carried the Fur off, were public prop- erty, or made use of words that conveyed that Idea to me. I am certain he told me the Fur was paid for in Bills drawn on Orleans or the State Agent there, I recollect Mr Cameron informed me that Geni Clark after he had been sometime in the Illinois Country desired him to draw up a list of the expenditures in the Department which he did it amounted to 2 or 3000 dollars, shewed it to ABUSES IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE the General, who seemed surprised at the sums being so small asked him if he was certain he was right and being informd he was, The Gen' put up the Account observing he had no further occation for him at that time and after that never called on him to state another Account. That sometime after the General shewed him a rough Draft of a Bill on the Agent and desired him to correct it, that the sum drawn far greatly exceeded the expenditures though he did not certainly know what they were from the calculation to the time of the Draft which was no great while, I think he told me the Draft was for more than 20,000 Dollars, that from the time of settling the Accounts he (Cameron) had designedly kept himself out of the way of information and had determined to be privy to nothing more than he was obliged to attend to, and could not tell how the additional expences were incurred, That he believed there were unfair practices going on which was the reason he had kept out of the way and which determined him to withdraw himself from the serv- ice whenever he could conveniently disengage himself, to prevent his being called on at a future day to declare Facts which might in- volve him in trouble He informed me, the Gen' told him, he had a power of Agency in behalf of the State as well as a military Com- mand that upon his making it known to the General that he intended to quit the Service, the General expressO his unwillingness to part with him and held out many inducements to him to continue with him but upon his refusing nothing farther at that time passed, that before his coming away the Gen] he got into conversation respect- ing Trade whereupon the Gen! mentioned a very profitable one that might be carried on, and in such a manner as induced Cameron to believe that he wished him (Cameron) to make some proposition to engage in it but being determined to quit the Service the Coun- try and no such proposal being made he took no notice of it, And no proposition relative thereto made on either side. I think Cameron further informed me that it was usual for the Officers in that de- partment whose Credit was good at first, to write Notes in this manner This is good for so much, and when many of these were in circulation they were call'd in and paid for in public Bills Cam- eron further informed me that after he had left the service the Gent Meeting with him and entering on a conversation, the Gen] asked I91 19;2 ILLINOIS hISTORICAL COLLEC7IONS how he could report things prejuditial to his Character, That he evaded giving direct answers by enquiring why he should suspect him, that others were as likely as himself to make such reports- Cameron said further he did not come to a direct answer and be- lieved the Geni asked him the question not because he had heard that he had spread any report but from a consciosness that he had the power and wished by Its means to discover whether he had or not, that after some farther conversation the Geni put his hand on his sword and observed his reputation was sacred he would put any man to Death who would attempt to injure it in that way, That Cameron answered he supposed that any man thus attacked would put the person to Death who should attempt to take his life, He told me farther that he considered his life unsafe whilst the Gen, Commanded in this quarter that he imagined the Genl thought his reputation was so much in his power that he would expose him to danger on all occations till he got him killed, that he observed he made perticular enquiry after him when men were called out on Militia duty, that for these reasons he was determined never to serve under him, Upon his telling me these circumstances with a number of others injurious to the Generals Reputation he asked me if I meant lodging an Information, I answered that I did not, Then says he you are not at liberty to make mention of what I have told you, Though I think your duty requires you to inform- John May's Deposition Feb 3-1783. WALKER DANIEL" TO THE WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, February 3, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' NEw HOLLAND Feby 30 1783. GENTLEMEN, Agreeable to the request of Monsr Carbonneaux (the Protho- notary and Notary Public for the Ilinois Settlement) I have had 'Walker Daniel, a lawyer who came to Lincoln County, Kentucky, during 1781, was one of the original proprietors of the town of Danville. He was appointed member of the Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Regiment (see post, 413 ff.) and was made its agent by the board February 1, 1783. He was killed by the Indians in August, 1784. 2 This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:430-432. D.ANIEL TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 193 a Conference with him, thro' the assistance of Capt. Tardiveux; he appears to have been instructed, as to the Ground of his Message by the better dispos'd part of the Inhabitants of the Country whose complaint he represents. The principal Topics of Conversation that pass'de between us I will endeavor to give you as far as my recollection will enable me. He complains that they are wholly without Law or Government that their Magistrates, from indolence or sinister views, having for some Time been relax in the execution of their Office,' are now altogether without authority; that crimes of the greatest enormity may be committed with Impunity, and a man may be murder'd in his own house, and no person regard it; that they have no Sheriff or Prison; and to crown the general Confusion that many people have made large purchases of three or four hundred Leagues, and are endeavouring to have themselves establish'd Lords of the Soil, as some have done in Canada, and have Settlements made on these purchases compos'd of a set of men wholly subservient to their Views. As a Remedy for these Grievances he would recommend that a President of Judicature be sent them with executive powers to a certain extent, and that subordinate civil officers be appointed to reside in each Village or Station, who should have power to hear and decide all Causes upon Obogations not exceeding three hun- dred Dollars, but that those which were given for more. the ad- justing settling all Accompts whatever, and determining finally upon all intricate and important Questions should be reserv'd for the Court, which might be held at Kaskaskias, and consist of the president and a Mlajority of the Magistrates. He wishes the Grant .in which the Kaskaskias Settlements lie could be considerfd as mak- ing one District; it contains five Villages, of which Kaskaskias and Kahokia are the principal: the Grant reaches from Piasa to Amarie. about ninety Mtiles along the Mlissisippi, and back from the River. as far as the Ilinois extends. that is, to the Lakes. (I doubt the extent of the Grant to the N. E.) The Tract comprehended with- in these Limits, he informs me, was by solemn Treaties granted to the Settlers by the Indians, and has never been disputed by them. 'For the conditions prevalent in the Illinois country at the time. see Cahokia Records, cxxv ff. 194 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS He further observes, that there is no man in that Country, whose abilities and influence by any means capacitate him for the Office of President; and he believes it would be absolutely necessary for a Year or two to have a Company of Regulars station'd in the Coun- try, who should be under the direction of the President, otherwise he conceives their Decrees would not be carried into Execution, as the licentiousness of the people has risen to such a height. He seems anxious to encourage population among them, and as an encourage- ment to Advanturers to migrate thither he wishes the President were vested with the power of granting Lands in moderate Quantities, (for he appears afraid of Monopolies,) to such as should chuse to become Inhabitants of their Country. He says the Spaniards have the liberty of trading up any of their Rivers on the East side of the Missisippi, while they are prohibited by the Governor of Pan- core1 to enter any one River on the Spanish side, and that they ardently wish proper representations were made of the matter that they might enjoy reciprocal advantages with their Neighbours, and especially that they could be allow'd the Liberty of trading up the Missouri. He complains, That the Board of Commissioners have not settled the Obligations which were given payable in peltry agreeable to the known Rule and constant practice of the Ilinois Country, which is, when a Note is given for 50 lb in peltry, for instance, and the Obliger fails to pay in Peltry, that then he is considered as bound to pay Ioo Livres in Money. I believe I have enumerated the several causes of grievance which he complains of in that Country and the Mode he proposes to have them repress'd. My own Observations to him, I presume, are unnecessary to communicate to you, though if you desire it, I shall upon being noti- fied thereof, at any time be ready to do it. -As by Your Commis- sion You might be empower'd to enquire into the situation of the Country of Ilinois and state their Grievances to Government, I thought the above narrative might not be without use. I have the honor to be, Gent. with great personal esteem, Your mo. obdt most humble Servt. WALKER DANIEL. 'Pancore or Paincourt was the name by which St. Louis was commonly known. See Clark Papers, cxxix, note 4. BILLS OF EXCHANGE P. S. I have omitted, I observe, in the Body of my Letter, to make mention of Majr Carbonneaux's having press'd with much earnest- ness, That the Inhabitants of Ilinois might be permitted the Enjoy- ment of their own Laws Customs. W. D. C CLARK TO WILLIAM FLEMING, February 6, 1783 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:433.] GEO: ROGERS CLARKE TO COLO. WILLIAM FLEMING. Feb'y 6th, 1783 "SIR, At St. Vincent on the 5th of Aug: 1779, the western Troops were disposed of agreable to the inclosed order. Lt: Colo. Mont- gomery received his Instructions accordingly. he was authorized by me to draw Bills of Exchange on myself, on the Treasurer of the state of Virginia for the Defraying the necessary Expences of the Troops c. in the department, but not on any other person. at a Court of Inquiry held on Colo. Montgomery at Fort Nelson, in the year 178i, one of the charges against him was that of his drawing Bills on Mr. Pollock contrary to the orders of his superior officer. he then proved to the court the necessity he was under of drawing Bills on New Orleans, which was satisfactory to said court, the proceedings of which have been since Transmitted to the Governor. I am Sir, your Hubl. Servant." DEPOSITIONS RELATING TO BILLS OF EXCHANGE, February 17, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] NEW HOLLAND FebT 17th. 1783 The Deposition of Colo. John Montgomery taken by the Board of Commissioners relative to Bills of Exchange drawn by Colo Wm Lynn DecO in presence of Colo Wi Pope administrator. Wm Lynn went a volunteer with the Deponent to Kaskaskias in July 1778, That he saw Wm Lynn receive quantities of Goods from Gab! Cerel Charles Charleville2 Merchla at Kaskaskias when he 'For a biographical sketch of Gabriel Cerri see Cahokia Records, xx, Dote 2. ' Charles Charleville was captain of a Kaskaskia company which went with Clark on the expedition to Vincennes. In 1779 he was made a justice of the peace by John Todd, county lieutenant of Illinois. See also index, Clark Papers. I95 14)0 ILiNA' 018 lIISTORJ(dIL COLLECTIONS was there and saw him drawing Hills in favour of Charloville but can not remember the Sums, that the Deponent was in Company with Wu, Lynn at Masier' where the said Wm Lynn purchased a good smart quantity of Good from a Spanish Mercht hut does not know either the particulars or amount; '1'hat Wm Lynn had a Boat of his own and imployed hands at his own expence, that the Deponent came in company with Wm Lynn to the Falls of the Ohio where Win Lynn disposed of near half of his Goods as his own property, whilst the Deponent was there; The Deponent further says that he asked Lynn at the Kaskaskias when he was purchasing the Goods how he designed to pay for them, the Deponent knowing he had no money Lynn answered he would draw Bills on Olre Pcllock as the Country was indebted to him, and that he would go to the Government and settle these Bills when he settled his Accounts, and that he remem- bers Lynn had some difference with Geni Clark on the Generals refusing to Countersign his Bills and further says not - Also the Deposition of John Sanders relative to Bills drawn by Wm Lynn c He inform'd the Board that he was Pilot for the Troops from the Falls of Ohio to Kaskaskias in 1778, that when he was there Wi Lynn desired him to speak to Charloville and know whether he Wm Lynn could purchase any Goods from him on Credit to be paid in Pork or Flour at the Falls, and if that would not do, he would draw Bills on Mr Pollock at New Orleans, That Mr Charloville choosing the Bills, Colo Lynn purchased the Goods, he thinks to the amount of five or six and twenty hundred Dollars as well as he remembers. And the Deponent helped Lynn to pack up the goods he got from Mr Charloville, he likewise says that Mr Lynn had Goods from Mr Cere how many he does not know -And like- wise that the Deponent was present Mesier,1 when Mr Lynn pur- chased some Goods from Mr Luberdor a Merchant there, and like- wise the Deponent heard that he purchased goods from Mr Dalshicet Merchant in the same place but as to the last he does not know it from his own knowledge-That the Deponent came to the Falls with Mr Lynn, and that the fine Goods were contained in two 'Maiser, Mesier, for Misire, the cant name for Ste. Genevieve. WESTERN COMMISSIONERS TO JIARRISOX in 'I'runks, that there was two Barrels of Tassia and s)me Blankets, that when they came up to the Falls Win Lynn Sold a quantity of Goods there and understood he took up the remainder of the Goods to Wheeling and further says not- General Clark informs the Board that in August 1778 William Lynn brought some Bills of Exchange to him to countersign, that the General severely reprimanded him and asked him how he could draw Bills. that he replied the Country was indebted to him; that the General did not look at the Bills, and knows not on whom orin whose favour they were drawn Colo. Wm Pope Administrator to NV- Lynn was present when the above depositions were taken - I certifv this to be a true Copy JN! MrDoWELL SeCC Depositions concerning Lynn's Bills, -Feb. 17, 1783- Duplicate WESTERN COMMISSION-ERS TO BENJAMINrIN H.ARSON-, February I7, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.-Copy.] NEW HOLLAND, JEFFERSON- Co-NTY, Feby r7th 1783. SIR, The Board of Commissioners wrote the 23d of December in return to Your Excellency's favours of Octr i6th and Novemr 4th. In compliance with your Orders we have diligently searched all the Papers in our possession that could throw light on the Nature of the Bills in 'Mr. Nathan's Hands, yet remain much in the Dark, as Col. Todd's Books Accounts are supposed by the Executor to be some where in the interior parts of Virginia, and he can only lay before us some detached papers, amongst which we find a Letter from the Executive dated Wmsburg in Council August 20th 17479 in which the Honb'e Lieut. Governor acknowledges the Reciept of 198 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS several SLetters from Col. Todd by Col. Slaughter' of the ist 2d. July 1779 which were laid before the Council who were pleased with the Contents and approved of Col. Todd's Conduct and plan for supporting the Credit of the paper Money but that it must be submitted to the Assembly who alone can give it efficacy, that the eight Draughts Col. Todd mentions have not been presented but shall be duly attended to, as the Gentlemen to whom they are pay- able are highly deserving of the grateful attention of Government. The Board also found a Peltry Account amongst Col. Todd's papers, by which it appears he purchased a quantity of Peltry from Mr. Beauregard some Time in the Fall of the Year 1779 amount- ing to 21,000 pound; for which it is probable he drew Bills to the Amount. The Peltry by this Account seems to be paid to sundry persons, Col. Montgomery's Certificate, and Information to the Board like- wise accompanies this. On the whole, as no Bills of Col. Todd's drawing have appeared before us, nor are any mentioned in the Lists transmitted to us, We imagine the Bills in Mr. Nathan's possession may probably be for the above purchase, but as we are not furnished either with the Amount or Dates of these Bills, and no direct light can be got here, we can not be positive. On the Supposition that the Bills were given at that time and on that Account, the Commissioners have to observe that 2IO Packs of Peltry cost the State 20 s. pr Lb, and that at the Time the purchase was made Peltry and Silver were nearly on a par; As it appears Col. Todd is said to have given a high price for the Peltry allowing three Livres p. Lb which is 50 PrCt higher than it generally is; shews the purchase was made with depreciated paper Money at a ' George Slaughter, son of Robert Slaughter, was born in Culpeper County, Virginia, 1739. He served in Lord Dunmore's War, taking part in the battle of Point Pleasant. He entered the continental service as a cap- tain, and was commissioned major in the Twelfth Virginia Regiment Oc- tober 4, 1777, resigning after two months because of ill health. In 1779, re- turning to Virginia after a visit to Kentucky, he raised troops for Clark's army which took part in the Shawnee expedition of 1780. When soon after this Clark returned to Virginia, Major Slaughter was left in command of the Kentucky regulars and built Fort Nelson. Shortly after he was made lieutenant colonel of all the Virginia forces in Kentucky. Four nephews, Lawrence, Joseph, James and John Slaughter, were all in Clark's Illinois battalion. In 1784 he returned to Virginia as member of the legislature of the state. He died June 17, ISIS in Charlestown, Indiana. Kellogg, Fron- tier Retreat, 179-x80, note 2. WESTERN COMMISSIONERS TO HARRISON i99 little more than five and a half for one. If the Bills in Question were drawn for the above Account, the Commissioners think they ought to be taken up at the above Discount, but the Board wish to refer your Excellency to Col. Todds Letters of the ISt 2d July 1779 which we suppose are lodged in the Council Chamber to elucidate the affair, as we can not meet with Copies of them. The Board have finished Capt. George's Draughts on Mr. Pollock in favour of Capt. Barbour, but not thinking it prudent to trust the papers relative thereto by the Conveyance, they hope your Ex- cellency will dispence with the principles they went on till they have an Opportunity of laying the papers before the Executive, As no Invoices were produced either by Capt. George or Capt. Bar- bour the Board affixed the prices to the Cargo delivered at Fort Jefferson from the best lights they could get at Seven thousand five hundred and eighty eight Dollars one Livre and a third as the prime Cost at New Orleans, on which the Board allowed two hundred and twenty five per Cent advance for the Cargo delivered at Fort Jefferson, amounting in the whole to twenty four thousand six hundred and sixty one Dollars four Livres six Sous eight Deniers including all Expences. We have not yet closed Geni Clarks Ac- counts as we find them so connected with the other Accounts both the Quarter Masters and Commissaries as well as the Officers that we could not finish them before we had a General View of the whole, we will be able to settle his in ten Days; to examine all the Accounts minutely will take up a great deal of Time, perhaps more than the Executive can imagine, as double Receipts have always been taken for sums paid, the Vouchers should be listed Alpha- betically to prevent double entries. None of Mr. Pollock's Bills he presented for payment have appeared before this Board, but one of the ist of January I781 for 5000 Dollars which appears to be for part of the same Cargo Capt. George purchased from Capt. Barbour, and was a second Bill and considered as part of the 24661 Dollars 5 I/3 Livres allowed as above for that Cargo. By Deposi- tions it appears that those Bills drawn by Wm. Lynn in 1778 were for Goods purchased by Lynn on his own Acct at Kaskaskias and Mesierel and ought not to be charged to the State. It likewise ap- ' Mesiere-still another form of Misire, or Ste. Genevieve. 200 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS pears that Capt. Elliots Draughts and the Invoices of Goods shipped on Account and at the risque of the United States, but charged to the State of Virginia by Mr. Pollock was in consequence of the Cargo's being lost in the Missisippi and some of the Articles that were saved from the Wreck being made use of by the Troops in the Illenois, Inventories of the whole Cargo and what was saved and applied to the Use of the Troops are copying, but as we have not fully examined the Affair we defer iving our Opinion on it. The Board informO your Excellency in theirs of December 23d. that an Express was sent off to Kaskaskias to which they had a Return last Evening informing us that we might expect some of their principal Inhabitants would wait on us with their unsettled Accounts c in a short time. Mr. Carbonneaux who will present this is an In- habitant of Kaskaskias and comes to get some private Affairs settled, But we suppose principally as a Deputy to represent the Confusion the Country is in, which if not settled by this State, we apprehend he will proceed to Congress None of the Posts which your Ex- cellency mentioned in your favour of the i6th of October last are yet erected. We expect Genl. Clark will pay before you the Reasons for defering this Business. We have lately received an Adress from the Civil and Military Officers of Fayette which accompanies this and praying us to report our Opinion to Government. We think, could a Fort be erected at or near the Mouth of Limestone it would tend greatly to encourage Settlements in that Country and that it should be garrisoned by a Company of Regulars aided by the Militia and furnished with Flour from the Neighbourhood of Fort Pitt When we get a little more through the Business we will inform your Excellency by an Express of our proceedings with such Remarks on those Bills which have been presented for payment and are not laid before us as may be necessary for the Executive to have before we can return our whole proceedings. We are, with great Respect Your Excellency's Most obedient humble Servants WILL'M FLEMING SAM'L MCDOWELL CALEB WALLACE (A Copy) CONDITIONS IN KENTUCKY, 1783 CONDITIONS IN KENTUCKY, February i8, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' At a meeting of the Officers of the Illinoise Regiment at Fort Nelson on Tuesday the I8th of February 1783 at the request of Majr George Walls in order to confer on the present deplorable situation of the Garrison --- --- --- --- --- Present Majr George Walls Capt George Lieut Richd Clark Capt Bailey Lieut Williams Capt Chaplain Lieut W. Clark The Officers after consultation mature deliberation find that the Garrison in its present situation, is by no means equal to the im- portance of the place. That there is not above one third of the men necessary for its defence and in a short time the unavoidable casual- ties will reduce the number to not more than twenty or thirty Men - That there is not more than three months Flower in Store, -not one pound of meat, and no possibility of procuring a suffi- ciency by the usual method of hunting -That there is not a Suffi- ciency of lead to defend the Garrison twenty four hours in case of an Assault, - Some parts of the Fortification going to Wreck and not men to make the necessary repairs. Also that the Mien appear to be on the Verge of Mutiny in consequence of having served so long without receiving pay other necessaries, and no prospect of an alteration for the better-These Considerations and the daily expectation of the Enemy now in the opening of the Spring induce the Officers to conceive, that without some speedy remedy is taken they may be reduced to the shocking alternative of evacuating the Post -And should either its fall or the Evacuation happen for want of the necessary supplies, they can not think themselves answerable for the consequence being conscious of having done their duty as Officers. -But as it is the determination of Officers men to de- fend the Post to the last extremety (being sensible of its importance) with only for the Means - And hoping that something may be speed- ilv done for the better support of the Department Mlajr Walls is 'The account of this meeting is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Paprrs, 3:437. 201 202 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS hereby desired to lay this with the State of the Garrison before the General, requesting him to make the necessary alterations or Amend- ments, and lay the same before the Commissr or take such other measures as he may think most proper - By order in behalf of the Whole Signed G R CLARK GEORGE WALLS TO CLARK, February 21, 1783 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3:440.] MIAJOR GEORGE WALLS TO BRIG. GENL: GEo: ROGERS CLARKE. FORT NELSON, Feb'y 21St, I783. "SIR, My duty requires me to lay before you, a State of this Garrison. The better to enable me to do so, I have taken the opinions of all the officers present at this post and the stores it contains is of too Great Importance to the State to be neglected, and without some speedy measures is taken for its Relief I dread the fatal consequences that may follow, but for your further Information I lay before you exact Returns of all the Publick Stores at this Post, likewise the oppinion of a Board of Officers, beging you to lay the same Before the Commissioners, for their consideration, or taken such other meas- ures as you may think Proper. The Contract I made with Majr. Williams in October last, for, a quantity of lead, I have no hopes of him being able to comply with, as I have been informed that Gentleman was plundered by the Indians on his way down the River -meat we have none, and the Season of the year and weakness of the Garrison Renders it out of my Power to procure a sufficiency by the usual method of Hunting. Should you think proper to lay the State of the Garrison before the Commissioners, I should be glad to have the Honour of being myself at the Conference. I have the Honour to be Sir, your obedient Humble Servant." CLARK TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, February 23, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] NEW HOLLAND 23 Feby 1783 SIR A State of the Garrison of Fort Nelson accompany this by which you will be made fully acquainted with the Situation of the Depart- ment. the returns include the whole of the Stores that we have to depend on for the defence of the Country. will point out to you the necessity of some immediate step being taken to enable us to put it in a better state of Defence - The importence of this Fron- tier to the State at large I should suppose was of such consequence as to be a sufficient inducement to measures being taken more de- cisive than what has heretofore been attempted - I am Sir with respect Your Obedt Servt G R CLARK CLARK TO THE WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, February 25, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] ' NEW HOLLAND 25th FebY 1783 GENTLEMEN. In consequence of the Conversation that passed between us on your receiving a State of the Garrison of Fort Nelson, I have been led into the train of thoughts I now transmit to you, on a Subject that concerns not only the Inhabitants of this infant Country, but the tranquility of all our more interior Frontiers, Prejudice Party disputes, And the want of Aids from Government, hath in a great measure been the occasion of reducing this Department to a defence- less State, at a time we might suppose they were rising superior to the Enemy they have to contend with; How it hath been supported under these difficulties would require a Pamphlet to convey to you the Idea of the Measures that have been taken rather than a letter, Its present defence is what we ought to be solicitous for, for reasons obvious to every thinking man that is zealous for the wellfare of this Country, and will devest himself of prejudice must know that great part of the State owe their protection to this Settlement being ' This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3 :448-450. 203 204 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS far advanced towards the Enemys Country, engaging the attention of those Savages that would (had they no such object) make fre- quent depredations on the Frontiers, and would have long since caused the richest part of our Country to have been abandoned, and instead of that assistance to the General defence, that have been given by the Frontier Counties of the State, they would have re- quired support from the most interior parts. What might not have been the consequence in such a situation, And what is that of this Country at present, detached from immediate resource, surrounded by numerous Savage Tribes, inflamed from Education, and the pros- pect of British reward, Our interest among them nearly lost, for the want of support. The Troops formerly a Barrier reduced to a handfull. The Credit of the State sunk, not a Shilling of money, not a ration to be procured any other way than by voluntary ad- vances from a few individuals. The Ilinoise Settlements like to be lost to the State through inattention that will nearly double the Enemy. And the whole of the Savage Tribes let loose on a Country void of the necessary Military Stores to enable them to defend them- selves, had they other supplies, Emisaries among them, dividing their councils, and destroying their interest at the Seat of Govern- ment, ready to take the advantage of the first opportunity to sepa- rate them from the State they live in, for the advantage of a few Individuals who at present rejoice at every misfortune they meet with, Too few in number to harrass the Enimy in the manner it ought to be done, and too great a number of Women Children to make their escapes from the Country-We may expect nothing more certain than an invasion the ensuing fall, if no measure should be taken to prevent it, Indian Tribes joining the bloody league will counterballance what they suffered last year and finding us too weak to keep up these Garrisons we have occupied c! those Cir- cumstances with a little British flattery will induce them to make a violent attempt, and perhaps agreeable to the General Conduct of the Councel of the Nations last fall will embody as they express it from the rising to the Setting of the Sun, and finally drive the Kentuckians across the Mountains and then the other Inhabitants into the Sea-In short I think the Settlement in extreme dainger and that the interest of the Continent require that it should be im- CLARK TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS mediately put in a State of defence, which is by no means in our power without Assistance from the Executive. I have repeatedly wrote to them on the disagreeable Subject without as yet receiving an Answer, And therefor think it highly necessary that an Express should be sent immediately to Government, laying a State of the Department before them in which I hope for your Assistance, I making no doubt of it from the Idea I have of your dispositions, as it will convince them of the propriety of their taking some immedi- ate Steps for its support by advancing Money, Troops Stores, at least such part as can not be procured in this Country. Fort Nelson ought by all means to be supported, as in the Eyes of the Enemy it is a key to the Country, immediately between the body of the Enimy the Settlement. A Garrison or two higher up the river might be necessary as a Barrier to the Eastern parts of the Settlement, One hundred regulars in each reinforced occasionally by Militia, which would be much cheaper than Garrisons of Militia relieved every two months and exceedingly burthensome to the In- habitants, this is the smalest Scale that I could possibly suppose would answer the purpose, not then, except an Army should penetrate to the head of the Ouaback sometime the ensuing summer, as the greatest body of the Enemy live there, (those on the Miami retiring since the last Expedition) by defeating them it is more than probable they would come to any terms with you before they would suffer their Crops to be destroyed which always involves the Nation in the greatest distress and prevents their going to war, neither can they recover their loss in a short time - The greatest part of the Hostile Tribes at present are of those people, that have been in alliance with us till lately. An Expedition into their Country would be Apropo to what they ought to expect from us, from the nature of the dif- ferent treaties held between us. Such an Armiment to set out in July would prevent any Capital design they may have on this Settle- ment, as that is about the time they generally take the Field, when they move in large bodies, their whole attention would be taken up by the Idea of defeating said Army, as the preservation of their families would depend on it, If they were disapointed you might be sure of any reasonable terms-I could not suppose that such an undertaking would be difficult or Expensive I 70.000 lb of Flower 205 206 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS to be immediately purchased at Pittsburg sent to Fort Nelson and some other necessary Stores, Kentucky might furnish I ,OOO Troops 500 to be drawn from other quarters which would compose sufficient Army, and probably in two months do the Business pro- posed, at least they would Convince the Indians that they were in- ferior to us, that the British assertions of our weakness was false, and that we could at all times penetrate into their Country at Pleas- ure, and destroy that Idea they have of their ability of rouling the Kentucky Country, or prevent its population, and might induce them, to supose that their own existance depended on their amity with us-take a slight View of the undeniable Advantages the Settle- ment is of to the States at large we then might with propriety sup- pose that there ought to be at least 350 regular Troops kept up in this Department, One third at StVincent well supplied with neces- sary Supplies and a sufficiency to furnish any little Army that might be drawn into the Field which under those circumstances might be raised at any time penetrate into any Quarter of the Enemys Country at pleasure- Iam Gentlemen with respect Your Mo. Obedt Servt Signed G R CLARK THE HONBLE I THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, February 27, I783 (Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1783-1786, pp. 56-57, Va. State Archives.] GEN: GEORGE R. CLARKE. IN COUNCIL February 27tt 1783. SIR By a Letter from the Commissioners appointed to settle the Ac- count on the Western waters of Decem: 23d I have received In- formation of vour having consulted with them the most proper place for erecting a fort for the protection of the Kentuckey, and that the Mouth of the Kentuckey river is the Situation fixt on as the most likely to answer this desirable End; for the reasons assigned HARRISON TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 207 I entirely accord with you and desire you will proceed with all pos- sible Deligence in erecting a fort at that place and that you send half the regular Troops now at the falls to Garrison it, and as they will be short of the Number requisite to support the post that you call in the County Lieutenant most convenient for so many AMen as will make them up sixty Eight Men rank and file which you are to take Care to have relieved from time to time as the Law requires unless Volunteers can be obtained without a bounty to engage for Eight Months, in which Case I should prefer them. -You will look on the former order for taking posts at Limestone and Licking as superceeded, unless you discover that the Indians are still deter- mined on War, in which Case you will as soon as possible take Post at Limestone to cover the County of Fayette and promote its Settle- ment, which Post you must garrison altogether with AMilitia. I have every reason to hope that both these forts will soon be useless as a general peace seems to be near at hand-"-"-"-but if I should be mistaken I would have no Considerations of expence deter you from the execution of your orders as that must never stand in Competition with the Safety of the People. - I am disappointed in not hearing from you oftener than I do and wish you to attend a little more to this in future.- I am Sir c. B. H. BENJAMIN HARRISON TO THE COMMISSIONERS FOR SETTLING WESTERN ACCOUNTS, February 27, 1783 [Draper MSS., 46J76.-L.S.] IN COUNCIL February 27tb 1783. GENTLEMEN Your favor of the 23d of December came to hand but a few days ago, the steps you have taken to procure a settlement of the public accounts shew you have not been idle, and I have no doubt but you will continue your industry till the Business is finally closed. The Bills in the possession of Nathan have been presented but no account was taken of them as we supposed the Officers and others who under- 208 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS took to draw Bills would be able to furnish a list of them and to explain to you their Motives for drawing and what they were to be paid in whether paper or Gold and silver, if they cannot give you satisfaction in these particulars the Bills must either be forged or the drawers very bad or very ignorant Men. The Books of the Council and some of the Offices being lost, it will I fear be impossible to furnish an account of the Advances made the several staff Officers, if they can be obtained they will accom- pany this, if not you must use your endeavours to obtain from them a statement of their accounts which will probably so open the sub- ject, when they come here that the truth may be come at. A list of all Pollock's Bills have been forwarded to you, as but few of them are drawn by General Clarke, and advice given to the Executive of none of them that I know of, except Cap! Georges, you will please to call on the several drawers for their Authority for drawing, and to produce to you an account of the Expenditure, and proof as to the currency they were to be paid in. Col: Montgomerys account will be your particular Care, his Bills are numerous their amount so inormous that it appears to me impossible that he could expend such sums in the public Service if they are to be paid off in hard Money. - I approve of your Plan concerted with Gen: Clark for erecting a fort at the Mouth of Kentuckey River, and hope there will be no Occasion for any other, as our prospects for a general peace are very bright, and I have good reason to suppose that one has either taken place or will do it soon, yet If I should be mistaken and the Indians should still be determined on war, I would have another erected at limestone which I am informed is well situated to cover the rich County of Fayette: true it is that our finances are deranged and our Treasury low, but the safety of the people superceeds all considerations of this sort and must be attended to, on this Subject I shall write fully to Gen: Clark whose immediate province it is to attend to Matters of this Nature. I am with respect Gentlemen Your mo: Obe: Hum: Sert BENJ HARRISON THE COMMISSIONERS FOR SETTLING THE ACCOUNTS ON THE WEST- ERN WATERS GIBAULT TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 209 BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, March 3, 1783 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1783-1786, p. 6o, Va. State Archives.] GENERAL GEORGE R. CLARKE. IN COUNCIL March 30 1783. SIR Your several favors of the 3oP November this Moment came to hand as the Dispatches were ready to close I can only acknowledge the receipt of them, and forward an order on the Counties for any Specifics that may be in them. I am fully satisfied you have been traduced, but as you had it in your Power to prevent any bad effects from such representations by keeping me fully informed of the Steps you had taken and your inability to carry your Orders into Execu- tion, you must attribute anything that may be disagreeable to you to your own Inadvertence but of this I shall write more fully in my next.- I am Sir c. B. H. FATHER PIERRE GIBAULT TO THE VIRGINIA COMMISSIONERS, March 4, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] A MESSIEURS LES COMMISSARIES DE LA VIRGINIE PRESENTE- MENT A LA CHUTTE. MESSIEURS, quoyque Je naye pas 1'honneur D'tre connu De Vous, n'y Du Congres General, il se peut cependant que Vous aveg entendu Dire quelque chose De Mon Zele pour La Libert6 et pour le Succes De Ceux qui en ont pris Les interest et La Deffence. J'ai tout expos6 et sacrifi6 a Cette occasion, non seulement mon Bien, mais meme plusieurs fois ma propre Vie. Je me suis moi-meme Expatri6 pour prendre Le parti Des ameriquains Contre Les Royal- istes: qu' on fasse seulement attention a la Reduction Du poste Vin- cennes sur ouabache et on Connoitra mon amour pour La Libert6. Je Vous Prie encore messieurs, De Consulter Le General Clark et tous ceux tant officiers que soldats qui ont et sous luy on apres luy, pour suir Garand De mon Zele. Cependant, Messieurs, j'en ai et 210 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS si peu Recompense, que non seulement on ne m'a pas Donne un sol De Gratification pour mes peines, mes Voyages et mes fatigues et Les Depenses pour ces memes Voyages De long Cour, mais meme on ne m'a pas pays Les Chases necessaires a leurs Vies, Comme Boeufs, Vaches, Et 1' ard, Dont Je me suis moy-meme priv6, pour montrer Bon exemple a mon peuple, qui ne L'ont que trop imite pour leur malheur etant presque tous prives De la Vie et De L'entretien pour L'avoir Donn6 aux troupes ameriquaines. On m'a meme tue plusieurs animaux que J'aurois Donne D'un Bon Coeur si on me les avoit Demande, au Lieu De les prendre par Violence; puis qu'ayant toujours ete prest a me sacrifier moy meme, il n'est pas vray sem- blable que J'aurois Epargne mon Bien. on m'a tu6 Deux Vaches, Dont on ne m'a pas seulement Donne une oballe, Except6 De Belles promesses qui sont encore a etre Execute. si J'aurois profite De la necessit6s on le trouvoient Les troupes ameriquaines et Vendu plus Cher que Le Cour ordinaire, J'aurois tort De Demander un entier payement: mais J'ay Donne mes Dimes De farine et De mays au meme prix que Je les aurois Vendu en piastres sonnantes Espagnoles sur L'autre Rive Du Mississipi, etant plus Charme De soulager ma patrie qu'un allie; Croyant D'ailleurs avec Confiance, Comme Les Espagnols memes, qui ces Cartes De papiers, Valoient autant que les piastres R'eellement D'argent on en or; En Jamais Je ne Vous aurois faites ces Representations, si la necessite et la pauvrete on les ameriquaines nous ont plonge moy et mon peuple, ne me mettoient Dans L' impossibilite De me taire. Je passe sous silence un nombre presqu'.infini De Griefs. De molestations, D'unjustice et De Vio- lence en tout Genre qui ont presqu'entierement Ruine Le pays. Ce n'est point a moy a Examiner La Conduite qu'on tenu nos Commen- dans et nos Commissaires qui nous ont Gouverne et admistre tant en militaire qu'en civile notre soumission Volentaire etoit notre Regle; mais c'est a Vous messieurs, D'examiner pourquoy et par qui nous avons et6 si inhumainement traite. Je Vous envoye ey Joint ce que Je peux avoir De Cartes, De Comptes et De Certificats De Fournitures pour les Etats unis, en particulier pour la Virginie J'espere De Votre Equite, que J'en serai. Exactement paye. au surplus mon Zele sera toujours Le mene et Je seroy toujours Contant Demes Juges et feray en tous teins Des. GIBAULT TO WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 211 Voeux pour leurs prosperites et me Dirai toujours avec Respect Messieurs Votre tres humble Et tres obeissant Serviteur aux KASKAKIAS PRE GIBAULT Pretre Vicaire le 4 De Mars general aux pays Des illinois 1783. [Translation]1 TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF VIRGINIA PRESENT AT THE FALLS. Sirs, although I have not the honor of being known to you nor to the General Congress, it may be that you have been told some- thing of my zeal for liberty and for the success of those who have taken an interest in it and its defense. I have endangered and sacri- ficed everything for that cause, not only my property, but several times even my life. I have exiled myself to take the part of the Americans against the Royalists: Should attention be paid only to the capture of Fort Vincennes on the Wabash my love for the cause of liberty will be recognized. I ask you, further, sirs, to consult with General Clark and all those, either officers or soldiers, who have served under him or after him for a trustworthy guarantee of my zeal. In spite of this I have been so ill-recompensed, for my zeal that I have not been given a sou of indemnity for my sufferings, journeys and fatigue, and the expenditures for these same journeys, and I have not even been paid for the things necessary to sustain life such as beeves, cows and bacon of which I deprived myself to set a good example for my people, who have imitated me only too well to their great distress, being almost deprived of subsistence and of livelihood through giving all to the American troops. Persons have even killed several animals belonging to me which I would gladly have given to them if they had asked for them instead of taking them by violence. Since I have always been ready to sacri- fice myself it is improbable that I should have spared my property. They killed two of my cows, for which they have paid me not a penny except fine promises which are yet to be fulfilled. If I had profited by the necessitous conditions in which the American troops found themselves and sold dearer than the ordinary price, I should 'Translation by the editor. 2J2 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS be wrong in demanding full payment: but I gave my tithes of flour and corn for the same price that I would have sold them for ringing Spanish dollars on the other bank of the Mississippi, being more desirous of helping my country than an ally, and thinking moreover with confidence as did the Spaniards that these papers were worth really as much as piasters of silver or gold. Never should I have made these representations if the necessity and poverty into which the Americans have plunged us, myself and my people, had not made it impossible for me to keep silent. I pass in silence an almost in- finite number of grievances, molestations, wrongs and acts of violence of every kind which have almost completely ruined the country. It is not for me to inquire into the manner in which our commanders have behaved and of our commissioners who have governed us and have administered in military as well as civil affairs. Voluntary submission was always our rule of action. But it is for you, Sirs, to inquire why and by whom we have been so inhumanly treated. I send you herewith whatever I may have in records, accounts and certificates of supplies furnished to the United States and espec- ially to Virginia. I trust to your equity that I shall be justly paid. In addition my zeal will be the same and I shall always be satisfied with my judges, and offer my vows at all times for their prosperity and will ever style myself with respect, Sirs Your very humble and very obedient servant PRE GIBAULT, priest and vicar general in the KASKASKIA Illinois Country. March 4th 1783. CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, March 8, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.]' LINCOLN 8th March 1783 SIR Yours of the 19t Decr came safe to hand the 2d Inst I am happy to find that my proceedings with the Chicasaws met with 1This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:452-454. CLARK TO HARRISON, MARCH 8,1783 your approbation, although Cap' George was not as successful as I could have wished- he mentioned very little on the Subject of Land to them, as I had Verbally instructed him not to do so, except the Nation was genly at home. His arrival at their Towns being in the hight of hunting time, they could not collect the Council neces- sary in such cases: but I believe the Lands may be obtained with a good deal of ease if proper measures are taken: This is the first oppertunity since his return of a safe conveyance to you, the talk of the Indians, which you have enclosed- I believe the Peace is fixed between us. I did not know, nor yet learn where they were to meet Major Martin- If the Chicasaws arrive before I leave the Coun- try, I shall attempt to compleat your wish with them. The several letters I hope you have received this winter will give 'ou an Idea of the Situation of Affairs in this Quarter at that time, but much more alarming at present as the Ouabache Indians have at last generally Declared War, and I doubt the Combination of Savages vh ch the last Expedition was intended to have confused, still subsists; and if the destruction of the Shawnee property and the appearance of such a force in their Country at a time when they supposed we were too much weakened to attempt anything, do not discourage them, I am afraid the Western part of this Settlement will be tore to pieces the insuing fall, without the greatest attention, without something should be done by Government to prevent it The Illinois will be Garrisoned by the English in a short time, as they have now little to fear, since getting the whole of the Oubache Indians engaged against us we should have cut our way through them before we could get at such Garrison: I have but little confidence in British promises of putting a stop to the Savage's continuing the War; its dangerous to their Interest; and their Conduct among the Western Indians fully point out their Views- Supposing them sincere, the late Expe- dition would be attended with the most salutary Consequences in shewing the Indians what they might continue to expect, and they would of course, with greater Ease comply with the British request; for they do not view themselves as dependant on the English, for them and ourselves have formerly taught them to think so much of themselves, that they would Strike both if they were equally affronted -- - 213 214 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS In my last letter I flattered you with the prospects of our attempting one of the Forts on the Ohio immediately: I was too sanguyne in my hopes without Funds from you for the purpose pur- chase of Provisions Enough could not be procured to march a-suffi- cient.Body of Men to the Spot: Corn is the only Article of Provision that could be got in tolerable plenty, a Bushel of which could not be got on the Credit of the State: I cant certainly conceive what reason your Excellency could have for supposing that I should be backward in having your orders respecting those Forts executed: if in my Power one of them in particular would add greatly to my interest, and supposing me to be fond of Command, I then of course prefer the greatest Number possible.- I thank you Sir for your permit for retireing the smallness of the Command could not have been my reasons Hfo-4 as it is certainly extensive, but a quite different cause: Every Exertion in my power have been made for many years for the Defence of this Department, Lrnowing the safety of all our Frontiers depended on it of course took pleasure in encountering the greatest fatigues, leav- ing nothing in my Power undone either by dividing the Counsils of the Indians, taking necessary steps to keep great numbers in our Interest, making necessary Excursions into their Country to Distress our Enemy and cause the Friendly to keep so, and attempting to destroy the Interest of that Numerous Clan of Partizans or pre- tended Proprietors residing in Philadelphia That was endeavour- ing to divide the Counsels of the People here, and at the same time destroying their interest at the seat of Government more effectually to compleat their disaffection to the State: As soon as I found they were likely to carry their point, I at once saw the destruction of the Country if the War should continue; and of course wished not to be a Witness to 4. aa things the great success in their attempts against me as the greatest stroke they could possibly make, put it out of my power to save the Country I wished to be clear: These were my reasons - You mention that you wish a stop to be put any 4i. further Drafts on New Orleans, it has long been the case, I dont know of a Bill of any kind being drawn for two years.- - I have con- tinued to reduce the officers as the number of soldiers decreased since I was first acquainted with the Act for that purpose. WESTERN COMMISSIONERS TO HARRISON 215 By this conveyance I expect you will receive a full account of the situation of the Country from the Board of Commissioners as they have received every information in my power to give them: It is truly alarming-You will find by the last returns the great scarcity of Lead, If you will send an order to the Mines for Iooo or 1500' previous to my arrival at that place, I will contrive to get it forwarded by any plan your Your Excellency should propose or direct "-" I am Sir. with the utmost respect Your M0 Obedt HI Servt G R CLARK WESTERN COMMISSIONERS TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, March 9, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] LINCOLN COUNTY March 9th, 1783 SIR. The Commissioners wrote by Monsr Carbenaux the I7tl of Feb' last, a duplicate of which, and of the Papers sent, they now transmit, Your Excellency, least that should miscarry- likewise several copies of letters, to from Cole Todd, on a carefull perusal of which, these marked A No I, 2, 3. 4. they are of Opinion that Mr Pol- lock was sufficiently warned not to honor the Draughts of any person not authorized to draw Bills, especially where directed to be charged to their private accounts, and that he accepted these Bills at his own risk, more particularly after he received Col' Todd's letter No I. the receipt of which seems implied by Mr Pollocks subsequent letters, On this principle the Board think the Bills drawn by Mr Elliot are voidable, as he was not in the service of Virginia, but imployed by Congress in behalf of the United States. likewise the Bills drawn by Willm Lynn in 1778 appears by A No io to be for private pur- poses and voidable. The Bills for goods shiped on Account and at the risk of the United States, on viewing the papers marked B seem only chargeable in part to Virginia, as by the information of Gen' Clark what is contained in the Invoice No 2 is all he received, being part of a Cargoe that was damaged in the Voyage up the river the whole of which is contained in the Invoice No I. Gen' Clark is re- 216 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS turning and wvill be able to throw more light on this affair:- The papers marked C. relate to Cap' Georges Bills in favour of Cap' Barbour, the Board not having time to copy all, and expecting to return, by the time this reaches Your Excellency, have only selected such as may be immediately necessary for your perusal, and on inspecting them carefully have doubts considering, the date of the receipt on the back of the largest draught, the tenor of the letters No 3 4. And the time of Capt Barbours leaving New Orleans, which he informed the Board was a few davs after the date of the receipt. Whether the receipt was given after notice was obtained of the non acceptance of the draught Cole Montgomerys, Acclj have been before the Board sometime, they are not yet finished being in great confusion, he has produced Vouchers for some his Bills that appear satisfactory - a Copy of his deposition accompanies this, in which he seems to hint that the second bills which he took up from Mr Pollock and afterwards left with him, giving Mr Pollock a Bill on the Treasurer for the amount of the whole, and there drawn in favour of Malvert, being in the same circumstances, may have made their appearance, - two said to be drawn by him in favour of Hanah Dalton and Valentine Thomas, he suposes Valentine Thomas Dalton, he denies, several others, he has no account of either tenor date or whose favour drawn, Several of General Clarks bills are not yet answered for- Papers marked D are concerning the present State of Fort Nelson and the Illinoise Battalion - The Commissn beg leave to represent, that the Illenoise Country, that is Kaskaskias. Kohos. StVincent and their dependencies are in great confusion for want of Persons with proper authority to enforce order The French inhabitants are not well affected to the State of Virginia the neighboring Indian Tribes formerly either Neuterals or our friends are faling from our Government into the British interst, if that Country is yet a part of Virginia, and not ceded to Congress, it is our opinion that it will be entirely lost to this State without some speedy coersive steps are taken, We dare not say whether it is an advantage to have that Country anexed to this State, or whether Virginia is able to support the expence of maintaining it, but should it fall into the hands of Britain the Indian Tribes dependants on the district will be active enemies- The situation of Fort Nelson WESTERN COMMISSIONERS TO HARRISON 217 makes it a place of importance, built on the banks of the Ohio, a little above the Falls, it is a convenient landing place for boats com- ing down the Ohio, and altho no Post on the river can be looked on as securing a pass to hinder the Enemy from penetrating into the Country, yet the strongest settlements of Jefferson County depend on it. and if this Post is not properly supported, we look on that County to be in a deplorable state- Your Excellency will observe by the return laid before the Board by Gen' Clark, the whole strength of the State Troops in this Quarter is reduced to fifty three effective with Eighteen Officers, c. MAen might be recruited here if Bounty money could be advanced- The Garrison is chiefly supplied in meat by hunting too precarious a support to depend on and yet costs the State near as much, as if properly furnished- Flower is brought down the river and is subject to spoil by which much is lost- Your Excelleny will observe there is no lead returned an immediate sup- ply is absolutely necessary, but we refer to the several papers relative thereto and have only to add that the horses mentioned in the return were taken with great numbers of others by the Enemy, and several people killed whilst we were in the Neighborhood of that Place, from every apearance the Enemy may be expected in force this Sum- mer, Fort Nelson if attacked will probably fall- We shall have all the papers c. that can be obtained in regard to the business we came out on, in our possession by the last of this month, and the Accounts that are not finished, may be closed after our return If Mr Dodge and the others from SI Vincent do not come before that time we need not expect them as from their letters they were to be here before this, We are solicitous to return the latter end of this month as we will have the opportunity of a Considerable Compy returning which will save the expence of an Escort and which in reality can not be taken from this Country- The Commiss4 expect to be in Botetourt the 20th of Aprile and wish to have Your Excel- lencys derections by that time whether they are to send the papers immediatly to Richmond or to close the Accounts before they are sent down- We have the Honor to be Your Excellencys M\lost Obedient Humble Serv WILLIAM FLEMING SAM'L MCDOWELL CALEB WALLACE 218 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS CLARK TO MAJOR GEORGE WALLS, March 25, I 783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.- Copy.] 1 CAVE SPRING March 25th 1783 SIR. You are fully acquainted with my Design of leaving this Country agreeable to the permit of his Excellency of Course would wish to Give you some Genf Instructions by which you are to conduct yourself untill the reception of further Orders from your Superiours your known Abilities in the Management and oeconomy Necessary in a Garrison Circomstanced as the one you Command is Sufficient inducement for me to Supose that but little on that head need be Said to you, I know you Cannot Support the few Troops you have So plentifully as I Could wish, but probably Such as will be Absolutely necessary for their Support from my knowledge of them they are not Deficult to please without that Subordination Necessary among all Troops Should be neglected which I have no Reason to Suppose will be the Case and as the Safety of this Settlement Greatly depends on the circle of intiligance that ought to be kept up beyond the Ohio I would recommend it to you not to Neglect Such a Case of impor- tance although the Neighbouring Tribes of Indians on the Wabash hath Declared war I dont Supose it would prevent you from a Corri- spondance at St Vincents Such a manner that the Indians should not know of it all intiligance of importance you must Imediately Trans- mit To Government as it is necessary to Inable the governer to take the most necessary Steps for the Gen' Defence, the Strength of your Garrison ought to be proportioned to the Quantity of provisions you have in Store and probable Supplies that you are like to Get paying attention to the Apprahentions of Danger Should you find from cir- cumstances that it would be advisable to have a Raignforcement Call on the County Lieut in proportion to their Militia or Delenquents takeing the Concil of Colo. Floyd I have Had Some thoughts of yr Sending one of the Indian women that you have to the Shawnawa Towns pretending to negotiate an Exchange of prisoners in order to bring on some Conversation that might tend to the advantage of the State if your council Should advise Such a Step do it but by no means drop an Expression to them would give an Idea that we would wish ' This letter is printed in Calendar of Firginia State Papers, 3461-462. CAMPBELL TO CLARK, APRIL 5, 1783 for a peace with them as it would be Distructive to our Interest and inflame the war between us Confirming the Idea that all our former policy taught them too between that of of our being affraid of them is too true but we ought to Destroy it if posiable Should a treaty be brought about do nothing desisive untill orders for the purpose as you Cannot previously know the designs of Government you will pay attention to the Resolution for Reduceing Offercers of your Core in proportion to the decrease of the privates this must not be neglected as the order positive and necessary if anything Else Should occur to me I shall transmit it to you wishing you Success I am Sir your Hum Servt Signed G R: CLARK MAJOR GEORGE WALLS FORT NELSON JOHN CAMPBELL TO CLARK, April 5, 1783 [Draper MSS., S2Jft.-A.L.S.] PITTSBURGH Ap' 5tA 1783 SIR I have waited some time past with Impatiance for an Oppor- tunity of writing to you but happened Yesterday to be out of the way when some boats passed this place for the Falls of Ohio I want to take an Opportunity which I can depend on therefore must post- pone what I wish to communicate till an Opportunity which I expect will offer soon. In the meantime I must mention to you that the Offers of Brittain to America are exceeding Flattering no less than Absolute Independence a Cession of all the Country from Nova Scotia to East West Florida bounded by the Mississippi the Lake of the Woods Long lake Lakes Superior Huron Erie Ontario the other Articles seem also to be in the same Spirit but these I only consider as offers in case they can make no better of it. I am well inclined to believe that no means will be left untried by them to endeavour to cajole us if possible it behoofs us therefore to be circumspect to provide against the worst and to expect nothing from them but what is extorted by main force I have more than probable author- ity to apprehend that several of their emissarys are now in your Country they have passed amongst the prisoners who have been 219 220 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS enlarged from Canada other wise a Vigilant eye towards them may discover them to your penetration This Country has been lulled into a security expectation that the Indians would Commit no more depredations they have been awaked from that delusive dream for no less than 25 Persons have been killed wounded captivated in different parts of this Country in a few days past I understand that people have made use of my Name to strengthen those reports and perhaps some such may reach you I believe the English I mean the King his adherents to be as bad men as ever disgraced any Country I believe them capable of any Villiany that disappointed Tyranny ever dictated I dont look upon any con- cessions in favour of America as the result of Conviction of the Wrong they intended us or their inclination to redress it I look uppon it a forced recantation which I believe they mean to be bind- ing on them No longer than convenient and at the present they have every emissary engine of darkness employed to forward their Diabolical purposes you will therefore be pleased to observe what you hear if any thing is mentioned as coming from me which does not tally exactly with these sentiments pay no regard to it and if you will be good enough in my name to disavow it you will pos- sibly serve the Cause in which you are engaged and Oblige me. 6th This far I wrote and Captv James Brenton a Man who I have found an Active good Officer being arrived I inclose you CaptO Dal- tons Letter it may be necessary to distinguish what is probable in his information and what changes the System adopted by the British Ministry may make, in the different plans proposed to be carryed into execution on the side of Canada and I choose to Acquaint you that 0 Daltons staying in Canada when I am convinced he might have come away with us gives me no good opinion of his Conduct the Manner he was taken gave suspicion I understand with you of this you are the best Judge my Affairs do not permit me to go to the Falls immediately I hope to be there in the summer sometime and have the pleasure of communicating Vive Voce what I find very difficult to commit to writing and Am Sir Your Most Obedt Servt JOHN CAMPBELL BRIGADIER CLARK HARRISON TO CLARK, APRIL 9,1783 JOHN CAMPBELL TO CLARK, April 6, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J82.-A.L.S.] PITTSBURGH ApT 6th 1783 SIR Since I wrote in the Morning I understand that the Prelim- inaries between Brittain and France were Signed the 20th Jany last and that a Cessation of Hostilitys has taken place in consequence thereof I congratulate with you on this important intelligence understand that the English have made no provision for their Indian Allies I hope therefore the Continent will take such Measures as to effectually subdue them put it for ever out of the power of them to Annoy us in future a Mr Merreyweather who goes down now has a hand Bill which contains these particulars or I would be more full on the Subject I am Sir Your Most H. Servt JOHN CAMPBELL GENERAL CLARK BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, April 9, 1783 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1783-T786, pp. 95-99.] GENERAL CLARKE. IN COUNCIL April 9th 1783.- SIR, Your favors of the 8th and 19th of last Month came to hand two Days ago, I have my Hopes that the Apprehensions of the Settlements in your Quarter will vanish when they are informed that a general Peace has taken Place, that all the English Posts on the Lakes are to be given up to us and that Congress intend to garrison them with continental Troops the former part of this In- telligence you will find in the Paper enclosed published by Authority, the Letter comes to me by good Hands but not officially, I believe it true as Prudence dictates the Measure and it will be the greatest Security against the Incursions of the Indians that we can possibly have however tho' all these things may take Place yet I would not depend too much on them, nor leave that to others which Prudence 221 222 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS calls on us to do for ourselves the Post directed in my last at the Mouth of Kentuckey must at all events be taken and garrisoned, and Provisions for the Purpose must be obtained some way or other, it surprises me to find the People unwilling to part with Provisions that are to be used for their Protection, and more so to hear that they expect to be kept out of their Money as they formerly were, if they will take a view of our situation at present and compare it with what it was formerly, they might easily see that their Pros- pects of Payment are widely different, we had then a depreciated Paper currency amongst us which was every Day growing worse, and threatened the distruction not only of Individuals but of the State also, this forced us into an instantaneous Abolition of it, which at once stagnated our Trade, and left us for twelve Months almost without resourse, and to add to our Misfortunes left an enormous debt on our Shoulders which it is impossible for us to pay off at once Time must therefore be given to free us from that Incumbrance, but our Situation is widely different at present, we are emerging fast from the distress brought on us by the Paper Money, our Taxes are paid in gold or Silver or in Commodities that will bring them, which enables us to comply with some degree of punctuality with all our present engagements. This State of our Circumstances will when laid before the people I make no doubt enable you to con- tract for what Indian Corn of other Provisions you may want and you may pledge the word of the Executive that your engagements shall be fulfilled, the great abuses that have been committed hereto- fore by officers entrusted with the Care of the Soldiers and providing for them lays me under an Obligation to use Caution in the Powers I give and I hope you will not impute it to a diffidence in you that I tell you your Contracts must be temporary and only for a Continental ration of Bread, Salt, and Meat and that I expect but very little of the latter will be wanted as you may chiefly supply yourself with that Article by hunting and I beg you to turn your Attention as much to it as the good of the Service will admit off, the lower your Expences are the greater certainty there will be of their being Paid.- I do not well know what to say to you on the Subject of offensive operations against the Indians, in case they should continue the War, I am satisfied that that alone will keep HARRISON TO CLARK, APRIL 9,1783 them in Order and yet the difficulty of supplying your wants, and the Expences attending such expeditions are obstacles which I know not well how to get over, however I shall not at present forbid them but rather wish to encourage them, and therefore desire you will form some plan for an extensive Attack, with an estimate of the expence that will attend it, and forward them to me by the first Opportunity for the Consideration of the Executive.- If you should be attacked in force this Summer my former letter empowers you to call on the most convenient Counties for Assistance, to which I refer you for my Sentiments on that Subject. It may be necessary to explain what I mean by a temporary Contract for Provisions that there may be no clashing between you and a Person to be appointed to act as your Commissary, you'l there- fore let it extend no farther than for six Weeks Provisions from the Time this gets to hand at the expiration of which I expect some per- son will be appointed to take it off your Hands, which will ease you of much trouble and enable you to attend more to your proper line of Duty. You may with Safety assure the persons with whom you shall contract that an order will soon be forwarded for the disposal of the commutable Articles that have been or shall be received in Taxes, and that they shall be paid out of the Sales. You may also let the Soldiers know their Cloaths and necessaries with some pay shall be sent down the Ohio to them this Summer.- I like your Proposal of sending the Indian Woman to the Shawnees to sound them on the Subject of Peace, your prudence will suggest to you not to appear too forward in this Business lest it should encourage them to continue the War.- The meeting of the Commissioners appointed to settle the terms of Peace with the Chicasaw and Creek Indians has been long delayed by the unaccount- able Conduct of a Mr. Netherland who was sent express from your Part of the Country and was charged with dispatches on his return to Col: Martin, which he never thought fit to deliver. They have now received their Instructions and dispatched a Major Reid to invite them to a treaty and to fix on the Place of holding it, which I expect will be at the french licks on Cumberland river or in it's neighborhood, but I have no certainty of it. The delay I am appre- hensive will be injurious to the State as it will deprive the Commis- 223 224 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS sioners of your advice which I much wish'd them to obtain unless you will be so kind as to communicate it by Letter.- I am sorry to find you have taken my Permission to retire in the light you have done the smallness of the command was my only reason, I am fully impress'd with the Services you have render'd you Country on many Occasions, and have often lamented that the Situation of the State should be such as to put it out of my Power to enable you to gain fresh Laurels; that you have some Enemies is certain, and that they have misrepresented you is as certain, but their representa- tions have never had sufficient weight to injure you materially with the Executive, they knew you had Orders to build forts for the Protection of the Country, as it was not done they had some Cause to complain, and your not informing me immediately why the In- structions were not carried into Execution gave a force to clamors that would not have been attended to, if you had been as explicit in Time as you have been since. I shall be glad to see you as soon as your Affairs will permit you to come to Richmond. I have forwarded an Order to the Mines for fifteen Hundred weight of Lead but can not devise a Way to get it forward, if you can fall on any you will oblige me by directing it to be done imme- diately, the expence of Carriage shall be paid on demand.- I am Sir yrs: c. B. H. THE NORTHWESTERN COMMISSIONERS AND WESTERN DEBTS, April I4, I783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] Monday- 14th April 1783- The Commissioners can by no means depart from the the principal, that the State is not Obliged to Honour Bills drawn by persons unauthorized, but where artickles have been furnished to the amount, which artickles have been really applyed to the Support of the Troops, such Bills they are of opinion ought to be taken in at the real value of the Bills when furnished COMMISSIONERS AND WESTERN DEBTS 2 That the Bills drawn on the Treasury of Virginia ought to be paid off agreeable to the Illenois scale of Depreciation, after depreciation took place in that Country. 3. But as it appears by Mr Shannons Book's that he drew bills counter signed by General Clark for artickles of a mixed nature, some appearing to be purchased by depreciation Cur- rency, whilst others are not and many of his Vouchers being lodged with the Auditors, the Commissioners cannot in Justice fix the Payment of those Bills either by the scale of any other way in their Power g 4. It appears to the Commissioners that many Bills are drawn by those authorized by Government, for which they can produe no vouchers for artickles for which these Bills were drawn, and of course the Bills become chargable to the Drawers, But the Commissioners cannot undertake to say whether the state ought to take up these Bills or not as it is of great consequence they think it worthy the attention of the Legislative. by the first general principle, none of Mont- gomery's Bills for which articles do not appear to be expended on, or for the support of the Troops. are legal demands against the State. The bills for Cash in the recruits Acct is reduced by the scale of the State, which brings the bounty allowed for enlisting equal in both Countrys, as depreciation was so rapid after the 15th of Novr 1779 that it kept pace with the depreciation here till paper currency stop'd altogether. on the calling in the two emissions of 1779 1778- where money was advanced the Commissioners have reduced by the State Scale- The time of Mr D' Murray's contingency on the Department of Commissary not being mentioned prevents the Commis- sioners from liquidating his Account. Mr Murray will expect the inclosed Bills to be returned- 225 226 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS BENJAMIN HARRISON TO VIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS, April 19, 1783 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1783-1786, pp. Ioo-wro.] VTIRGINIA DELEGATES IN CONGRESS. RICHMOND April I9t I783. GENTLEMEN I received your favor by the last Post. It appears to me astonishing that Nathan should give you so much trouble, when he must know his Debt can be paid no where but at this place this his Agent has been told, and that there are no funds as yet establish'd for that Purpose; I shall lay the Award of the Arbitrators before the next Assembly, who will no doubt provide for the payment. You must consult your own Prudence in the affair of Pollock, the Assembly have refer'd it to you to take proper Security, and it will probably behove you to be cautious, as I have additional reasons (lately received) to those I formerly had for thinking he has been at least the most imprudent Man in the world; great Part of his demand is for Bills taken up by him after the receipt of a Letter from Col: Todd from the Illinois a Copy of which I have forbiding him to pay them and informing him they were drawn by Adven- turers who had no right to draw and who were procuring Money in that way for their Private Purposes.- I am waiting for a public Express with Official Accounts of the Confirmation of Peace, your Proclamation is arrived by a Private Hand but of that I can take no Notice. I am with respect Gentlemen Yrs: c. B. H. CHAPTER VIII CONDITIONS IN THE WEST AFTER PEACE APRIL 30, 1783- DECEMBER 22, 1783 PROBLEM OF THE INDIANS -LANDS GRANTED THE OFFICERS OF THE ILLINOIS REGIMENT-PLEA FOR WESTERN CREDITORS-REASONS FOR HIGH PRICES IN THE WEST DURING THE REVOLUTION-CLARK RELIEVED OF HIS COM- MAND-CLARK ASKED BY JEFFERSON TO LEAD A PARTY FOR THE EXPLOR- ATION OF THE TERRITORY WEST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER-CLARK Ap- POINTED PRINCIPAL SURVEYOR OF BOUNTY LANDS. CLARK TO COUNTY LIEUTENANTS OF JEFFERSON LINCOLN COUNTIES, KENTUCKY. [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3 :478.] READ CREEK, April 30th, 1783. "SIR, By late dispatches from his Excellency the Governor, I find that the Taxes of the Kentucky is to be appropriated to the support of different Garrisons intended to be kept up for its defence, and that letters have already been sent to the different County Lts: to that purport. This will enable the Building Garrisoning the mouth of Kentucky which his Excellency is Extremely anxious for. I have Instructed Majr. Walls to have it put into Imediate Execu- tion Caling on the County Lts: for a proportion of their militia to build garrison that post and the falls and to divide the Regulars between the two posts. you will be pleased to furnish him with - men when called for, to be releived agreeable to Law observing this, That every Delinquent furnish'd is to be Included in the number called for. I am sensible that nothing in you will be wanting to promote this business, and hope the people will be convinced of the propriety of it and chearfully give every aid. Especially when they are informed that the faith of Government is pledged for the paym't of any expence they may be at. And that a total subjugation of the Indians is now in contemplation, which their Implicit Obedience to the orders of Government will greatly facilitate, and Encourage the Executive to study the promotion of their future hapiness. 227 228 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS You may take it for granted that a genl: peace hath taken place much to our advantage. All the brittish posts on the lakes are to be given up to us garrisoned by Continental Troops, and hope that a spirited exertion of the frontiers this summer will put an end to their sufferings, that peace and tranquillity will take place in your little Country when the long and spirited Exertions of the people so much entitled them to it. I don't think that any thing on the part of Government will be wanting, as they apear Exceed- ingly dispos'd to use the most salutary measures to answer the pur- pose of Reducing the Indians to Obedience. And their circum- stances must be so widely different to what they formerly were that they will be able to execute what they please." JACOB RUBSAMEN TO CLARK, April 30, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J85.-A.L.S.] LEAD MINES Aprill 29th 1783. SIR. I recieved Yours the Order of the Governour for I5ootb Lead, shall punctually Comply with it, as far as lays in my Power. I am sending off this Evening to M' Roger Oates in Order to hire his Waggon having none of my own. Should I be disapointed in getting his Team, I hardly Know what to do as Waggons are ex- treamly scarce to be had, at this bussy time of the year. However I will forward it as quickly as possible. I am Your very hble Svt JACOB RUBSAMEN His EXCELLENCY GENERAL CLARK Endorsed: Mr Rubsamen Ap' 30th 1783 CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, April 30, I783 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3 :476-477.] GEo: ROGERS CLARKE TO THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA. READ CREEK, April 30th, 1783. "SIR, Your several favours of March, and 9th of April Inst: come to hand on my Rout to this settlement. The agreeable news with CLARK TO HARRISON, APRIL 30, 1783 Brittain I am in hopes will greatly alter the face of affairs in the back Country. The prospects of our possession of the posts on the lakes will, I make no doubt, divide the councils of the Indians for some time, and prevent their making any Capital stroke on the Settlement of Kentucky. As the Inclosed speech to a few of the cheifs of the Oubash that continue in our Intersest, will be fully credited among the whole, as it calculated for the purpose of dividing their Interests. But I have not the least Idea of their Quitting the war until they are Envited to A treaty by the prospect of presents, or Reduced to a peace by an armament in their own country. They are, or will be convinced that a peace will take place and will push the war by small partyes with great Vigour, supposing that the greater number of prisoners they got, or the more formidable they make themselves to apear to us, the greater price they will get for peace, making no doubt of it whenever they choose to offer it, suposing that we are under obligations to them for it. This is the Idea that I could wish to be destroy'd. that they should be obligated to treat with us on our own terms, and convinced that they were Inferiour to us, and that they are under obligations to us for the Very lands they live on. An Army of 1500 men would be necessary to do this. I beleive easily to be got, but how they are to be furnish'd, it is im- possible for me to tell not knowing the Resources of Government. But as I hope to have the pleasure of waiting on your Excellency in a few days. I shall Endeavour in the mean time to Inable myself to sketch out some plan the most agreeable to my Ideas of the Gen- eral Interest of the State. Inclos'd is copies of Instructions c., which I hope your Excellency will aprove of. I could not think of any plan so likely to have the lead convey'd to Kentucky as the one I have fallen on. I am in hopes that the orders you have sent for the different Taxes to be deliver'd will Inable us to garrisou the mouth of Kantucky in time, Except the collectors should be negligent in their duty. I could have heartily wished to have been at the treaty with the Chicasaws, but am convinced it will not take place until the fall or latter part of the Summer, as it will be a considerable time before Mr. Reed gets to that nation. I met him on his Rout to Kantucky and Recommended it to him to go by 229 230 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS water from the falls as the most Expeditious and Safe Rout he could take. and if it was agreeable to the Indians, to have the Treaty at that place. My principal Reasons for such Recommendations was the great scarcity of provisions at the French Lick. The Indians continue to make Incursions into the different Countys in Kantucky and have Repeatedly suffer'd the loss of some of their men. In answer to your Letter of the 29th of Novemb'r 1782, which lately came to hand, I can only say that Major Landot [Linctot] was Employed by me in the Spring of '79 as an Indian Agent for the upper Mississippi. That he rendered singular serv- ices in that department, and was permitted to go to Government, where he was Commissioned as Agent, and I beleive was very serv- iceable until his death. previous to his latter appointment I Gen- erally Judg'd of the propriety of his Expences, and paid them my- self and charged them to the State, which was the case with all the Agents in the Western Departm't, several of them being necessaries. I am S'r your Excellency's Obedt. Humble Servt." CLARK TO GEORGE WALLS, April 30, I783 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3-476.] GEO: ROGERS CLARKE TO MAJR: GEORGE WALLS. READ CREEK April 30th 1783. "SIR I have Inclos'd the last Letters from Government to me, for your perusal, and make no Doubt but it will give Genl: Joy to the Inhabitants of Kentucky when they find the prospect of peace with the Indians so certain, In the course of the Insuing Summer. You'll find that his Excellency still wish to have the post at the mouth of Kentuckey Established to Inable it to be done hath Sent orders to the Different Counties to deliver the Taxes for the purpose of Victualing the Troops which you will call for as they are wanted, orders to the Different County Lieuts: accom- panying this for furnishing you from Time to time with one hundred militia -Lincoln 65. Jefferson 25. Fayette IO men, those aded to the Regulars you have will Inable you to Garrison both of ye posts with 68 Rank and file, Exclusive of a small party that may occas- PRESTON TO HARRISON, MAY 5, 1783 ionally be Detach'd on hunting parties c. It's highly advisable to Divide the Regulars Equally between the two posts, by which means the militia be kept to the duty. As I expect this will have a speedy conveyance to you, I hope you will loose no Time after ye Reception of it to have the orders put in Execution. By all means, the plan is highly advisiable as it may cause the Indians to suppose that we determined to correct them for their former Insolence, and perhaps confuse their Councils. I think the plan proposed last winter for the Building those works very Good and worthy atten- tion. I hope that you will find no great Difficulty in furnishing the Troops Tolerable for four or five months, by which Time I think you may be sure of assistance. Don't fail in Embracing every opertunity that offers in fowarding all Inteligance of Importance to Government. i500 lbs. of Lead is Sent to the Block-house on Holston, to be from thence conveyed to Kentuckey. You know how necessary it is to pay the Greatest Attention to the Expenditures of Amunition as it is Exceedingly Difficult to be got to you. I am Sir, your Obedt. Servt." WILLIAM PRESTON TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, May 5, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] MONTGOMERY the 5th May 1783 SIR Your Excellency's letter of the 6th 7th of March last came to hand the i9th of that month. Previous thereto, at the earnest request of the People most exposed to danger, I had ordered out some good Woods men as Scouts directed the Captains on that Quarter to hold their Companies in readiness to move on the short- est notice to the relief of that frontier in case of any Alarm. In this Situation matters stood untill the 21st of March, when a party of Indians came undiscovered past the Inhabitants of Clinch Blue-Stone to Walkers Creek and killed one Man, took his Wife two Children Prisoners; also two Children belonging to a poor Widow. They were immediately pursued for several days through the mountains by a Party of good Woodsmen, who lost their tracks and could not overtake them. A few days afterwards a man was 231 232 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS killed on Blue Stone by a small Party who were also pursued to no Purpose. I have, in consequence of these alarms sent out two Com- panies for the defence of the People, who were in the utmost Con- sternation, and they are there at this time on duty; which has in a great measure guided the minds of these distressed Inhabitants- I have taken every possible measure to procure Provisions for the Militia on duty by recommending it to the Holders of Provisions, who are able to wait for their money, to spare what they can; by opening a Subscription to purchase from such as are not able to wait for the money, to which I have engaged to pay fifty pounds, the People of property who have no Provisions to spare have generous contributed thereto, and have agreed to lay out of the Money untill Government can be enabled to repay them: as also by issuing a press warrant, not to be used unless both the other Methods fail.- By these means I hope the men on duty will be supplied on good time, without impressing. The bad State of Health I have been in for several Months past, have put it out of my Power to meet Col Campbell to confer with him on the Subject recommended by your Excellency. I had it not in my Power to give your Excellency earlier Notice of the damage done here unless I had hired an Express, which I was not willing to do, but hope it will answer the same Purpose to send it now by my Nephew Mr. Breckinridge who is going down occasionally I would beg leave to assure your Excellency that nothing in my Power shall be wanting for the defence of this Frontier, in doing which the strictest attention shall be paid to Oconomy. I am Your Excellencys most very hble Ser. WM PRESTON ILLINOIS REGIMENT TO VIRGINIA ASSEMBLY 233 OFFICERS OF ILLINOIS REGIMENT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF VIRGINIA, MAY 21, 17831 [Legislative Petitions, Va. State Archives.] TO THE HONORABLE THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF VIRGINIA the Petition of the Officers of the Ilinois Regiment humbly sheweth, That sometime in the Year 177 Col'o George R. Clark knowing the great advantages that would be derived to the Common- wealth and especially to the Western Frontier from the Conquest of the British Posts on the Oubache and Missisippi Rivers proposed a plan for their Reduction which was approved of and Authority given him to carry it into immediate execution; he was likewise promised if the Enterprise succeeded a liberal Gratuity in Lands, in that Country, for the Officers and Soldiers who adventured with him: that with great labour and hard marching the Expedition was conducted with so much secrecy and the Affair managed with such address, that all the settlements on the Missisippi were surprised and forced to surrender before any Assistance could be sent them; the Reduction of Post Vincents following that of the Kaskasky Forts and Villages the designs of an industrious Enemy who were then meditating the means of depopulating our Frontier Settlements, were entirely frustrated and an extensive and fertile Country put into the possession of the State. That the Assembly sensible of the importance of the services in the Cession of the country North- West of thee Ohio to Congress, among other Reservations, made the following, to wit, "As Colonel George Rogers Clark planned and executed the secret expedition by which the British posts were reduced, and was promised, if the Enterprise succeeded, a liberal gratuity in Lands in that Country, for the Officers Soldiers who first marched thither with him. That a Quantity of Land not ex- ceeding one hundred and fifty thousand acres, be allowed and granted to the said Officers and Soldiers, and the Other Officers Soldiers that have been since incorporated into the said Regiment, to be laid off in one Tract; the length of which not to exceed double the breadth, in such place on the north-west side of the Ohio, as the 'For the proceedings of the officers of the Illinois Regiment disposing of lands granted to them, see post, 413ff. 234 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS majority of the Officers shall choose, and to be afterwards divided among the said Officers and Soldiers in due proportion according to the Laws of Virginia," That a majority of the Officers of the said Regiment having convened for the purpose, after the most effectual Steps being taken to make themselves acquainted with the Country, made choice of the Lands opposite to the Town of Louis- ville on the North-West side of the Ohio, Beginning where the Silver Hills bind close to the River, running thence up the River as far as the Grant will admit and back for the quantity; which Land Your Petitioners concieve may answer several valuable pur- poses to the public as well as to the Regiment as a Settlement on them will serve as a Barrier to the Settlement on this side the Ohio, and in case of a continuance of the Indian war, it will draw thither the attention of the Ouabache and Miami Tribes; and from its situation is well calculated for an Indian Trade, which from an Experience of their disposition, Your petitioners apprehend is the most effectual mode of conciliating their Affections, and from in- veterate Enemies making them substantial Friends. That as the immediate settling these Lands is an object of national as well as of individual Interest, and as the Officers and Soldiers of the Ilinois Regiment have in a peculiar manner experienced every evil which so remote a Station cut off from any Intercourse with a civilized people, and a savage Enemy could impose, and bore up under all the calamities of Hunger, Nakedness and Shame without a murmur, keeping always in view that as soon as the State was able she would comply with her promise and recompense her suffering Troops for all their misfortunes, Your Petitioners pray that the Assembly would explain and confirm the Grant of the above mentioned Lands to the said Regiment, appoint a surveyor for the purpose of running the Lines which shall include the Bounty, and as it is uncertain what description of men are entitled to a proportion of these lands, that the Assembly would declare what office and what Services give Right to a share thereof, and in what proportions that are to be divided amoung the several Claimants. That as the establishing a Town on a proper Basis may be a great means of bringing a Trade to the Country and of collecting a sufficient number of Men to with- stand the attacks of the Enemy should they attempt it, Your peti- CLARK TO HARRISON, MAY 22, 1783 tioners further pray, That Trustees may be authorized to lay off a Town in such convenient place within the Grant on the River and upon such plan they shall find most convenient, with power to per- petuate their succession in case of Vacancies, and also to reserve a proper place for a Landing above the Great Point, to have Ware- houses erected for the reception of Tobacco, Hemp, etc. and for other purposes. And Your petitioners will ever pray etc. G. R. CLARK WILL SHANNON JNO MONTGOMERY H CLARK CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, 'May 21, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.]' RICHMV 2I1t May 1783 SIR Nothing but necessity could Induce me to make the follow- ing Request of your Excellency, Which is to grant me a small sum of money on Acct, I can assure you Sr that I am Exceedingly destress,d for the want of necessary cloathing c and dont know of any channell thro which I could procure any- Except that of the Executive, The State I believe will fall considerably in my debt, any supplies that your Excellency favour me with might be deducted out of my Accounts I have the Honor to be your Excellencys Obedt Servt G R CLARK CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, Mlay 22, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.-A.L.S.] RICHMOND 22 M\Iay 1783 SIR Inclosed is a farther answer to your last letters to me, It is my Ideas of the most advantageous policy that could be usd in order to Reduce the Indeans to that subordination necessary to 1 This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:487. 235 236 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Ensure a perfect tranquillity to the frontiers, I have not Enlarg'd so much on several heads as I at first intended as it bore so much the apearance of dictating to your Excellency but am in hopes that I have been sufficiently Explicit I have the Honor to be Sir Your Devoted and Very Humble Servt G. R. CLARK His EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGA CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, MAay 22, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.-A.L.S.]' RICHMOND 22d Mlay 1783 SIR Agreeable to your Excellencies Instructions, I lay before you the plan of such offencive measures as I should suppose the general Interest Requird to be put in Execution this season against the Indians, It is notorious that those tribes that have been for the greatest length of time acquainted with us fermly beleive that they can make war or peace with us at pleasure, And that we would at all times gladly Embrace the offer of any terms with them, They have abundant Reasons to believe it if they Judge from our former conduct, as a treaty was always attended with considerable presents from us which causd them to believe we were afraid of them, In short Every kind of lenity Shewn them by us is Imputed to timedity, And untill this Idea is destroyd, a war will be the consequence of the least Supposd affront they Receive from us, which period the young warriors will often wish for, And promote in order to have an Opportunity to shew their Valour to which they are also Excited by the prospect, of gain as well as by plunder as that of presents at the End of the war, Confidently assured of peace when Ever they shall offer it, The Idea I presume hath not yet gaind much ground on the Ouabach and the nations west of that River, As by some lucky strokes and the Smiles of fortune the Effections of near four thousand of their warriors were weaned from the brittish Interest in the fall seventy Eight, Having the management of them myself 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:488-490. CLARK TO HARRISON, MaY 22, 1783 thro the means of agents I Endivourd to Instil such notions into them as will yet be of advantage to us in future treaties, altho, they have lately made war on us owing to the Inabillity of our Merchants to supply them with goods and the distresses of the State being such, that they could not give any assistance, Those Circumstances gave the british Emisaries Every advantage in Engaging them again to Receive their bloody belts, And I make no doubt but their corre- spondence with the shawanees wiandots and others will Induce the whole of the to Embrace those Ideas I have before mentiond, They have no notion of being dependant on Either the Brittish or ameri- cans, But would make war on both if Equally Insutltd, They Conceive the English to be greatly Indebted to them for the assist- ance given them during the war, and I suppose are by this time pretty well convinced that a peace will take place, and I am confident they will prosecute the war with a great Violence as possible in order to make themselves more formidable to us, That the terms of the treaty may be more to their advantage, Which might be brought about in a very short time by sending a general Envitation to them, It is what they will Expect, and generally attend to, In- fluenced by the hopes of Receiving presents, Rather than a desire of being friendly with us, should this line of Conduct be persued they will yet View themselves as superior to us, And we shall be Eternally Involved in a war with some nation or other of them, until we shall at last in order to save blood and treasure be Reduced to the necessity of convincing them that we are always able to crush them at pleasure, and determind to do it when Ever they misbehave, A peace between us and brittain may not have the Impression on them as is generally supposd, Of conveying to them such an Idea of our Importance as to cause them to fear us, I make no doubt but the English Emisaries Explain the case in its most favourable light on thier side and cause us to appear as Insignificant in the eyes of the Indians as possible, A greater Opportunity can never offer to Reduce them to Obedience than the present moment, as they are generally at war (I allude to those north of the Ohio) And nothing we could do to them would destroy our faith among other tribes, On the contrary have a Valuable Impression on them as we have Every Excuse, If Reducing them to Obedience should be Resolvd on 237 238 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS I should Recommend the following plan, To march an army of at least two thousand men immediately into the heart of their Country, If they Imbodied and fought you, a defeat would Ensure the terms you wish for, But I am confident they would generally sollicit to treat when it would be in your power to Convince them of what you were determined to do, Giving them their own Choice Either to come to your terms or Continue the war, There would be no doubt of your wishes being compleated as they would be at once convinced that their non compliance would be the destruction of their families Judging from your uncommon and apparently deter- mind conduct, your speeches to them could not be too daring but it might be advisable to have the terms Easy and let them know, that if they broke a single article that you would make war on the nation that did it, Such conduct would soon put a final End to the thoughts of a war Existing among them, At the same time Justice Requires that we should not Infringe on the treaty ourselves, From their disposition I have found that nothing will so firmly bind them to us as the fear of our arms and the dread of loosing their country, Which would be the greatest Security we could possibly have for thier good conduct by obliging them to give up part of their Country to pay us for the Expence of the war which might lay waste until government chose to have it disposd of, And Informing them that whenever they Acted Contrary to a single article of the treaty that you would make war on them and take as much of thier lands as would pay the Expence, Should your Excellency order such an armament, I conceive the most Easy and cheap plan would be to have the Rendezvouse at the Kantucky, The people of that Country would Rejoice at the prospects of an advantageous peace with the Indians, and most chearfully furnish near half the number of men, Malitia might Easily march from Holston, New River and other parts of the frontiers without any great Expence and I should sup- pose ought to be Equally Interested with the Kantuckians as they undoubtedly have been greatly coverd from the depridations of the Savage by that people, Perhaps it might be thought advisable for some assistance to be given from the frontier in the neighborhood of pittsburg thro' the channell of the Ohio, But your Excellency will be the best Judge in what manner such force could be collected with MEETING OF ILLINOIS OFFICERS, 1783 the greatest Ease to the falls of Ohio, which is undoubtedly the most Central and advantageos post that is now Possesd by the Ameri- cans for the management of the Indian department in general, To Equip such an army as here proposd with all those necessary supplies that would Enable them to do the greatest service possible would Require a sum of money which I doubt from the present state of affairs could not possibly be furnishd, And of course suppose that the Smalest scale that could be thought to answer the purpose would be preferd, From my long Experience in Indian affairs and the knowledge of the policy of those nations alluded to, I take it for granted that if the plan was Enterd into and prosecuted with Vigor, that it would be of but short duration, and that two or three months provisions might answer the purpose, The greatest part of which must be procurd in the pittsburg Country, The Expence of the small supply of Horses and provisions necessary to enable such an armament to answer the desireable purposes could not be Very con- siderable provided they get on thier march by the latter part of this summer, I learn the brittish posts on the lakes are to be Garrisoned by Continental troops, If those troops and the armament propos'd were to commence thier Rout nearly at the same time it might great- ly promote the general Interest, A few troops of horse would be much wanting as it is found by Experience that they are of singular service in the Indian department, If there is any farther informa- tion in my power to give your Excellency that may Enable you to Conduct your western frontiers to greater advantage I shall at all times do it with pleasure I have the Honor to be Your Excellencies Devoted and Very Humb' Servt G R CLARK His EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA. MEETING OF ILLINOIS OFFICERS FOR LOCATION OF LANDS, May 27, 1783 [Cal. of Va. State Papers, 3 492-493.] Tuesday RICHMOND May 27th, I 783. Proceedings of a meeting of a number of State Officers, in consequence of an advertisement from Major Meriweather, request- 239 240 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ing them to meet, "for the purpose of endeavouring to get proper means adapted for locating, allotting surveying their lands: to have their certificates put upon proper footing, and measures taken to give them a sufficient credit: to have their claim to half pay finally determined by the Assembly." Genl: G. R. Clarke acted as President. Resolutions were passed -That a memorial be pre- sented to the assembly requesting that officers soldiers of the State Line navy be put upon the same footing with the officers soldiers of the Va. Continental Line with respect to these Land Bounties, c., and stating that in lieu of their half pay for life, they preferred to receive full pay for five years only. Genl: Clarke, Colo. Brent, Colo. Muter, Col. Dabney, Major Meriweather, Capt: Rogers, Capt. Boswell Capt: Roane appointed to draw the memorial. Genl: Clarke, Colo. Montgomery, Maj: Wayles, Capt: Walsh, Capt: Rogers, Lieut. Humphery Marshall, Lt: Rice Lt: C appointed to "superintend the surveyors employed to survey the Lands, together with the Officers appointed by the Continental Line for that purpose and to see that the regiments and corps that had served "in the westward" were duly provided for: as all other troops, in the memorial to be prepared for the Genl: Assembly. The officers appointed to draw the memorial, presented it according to order, which having been signed by the President, was on the next day "given in to the Assembly." CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, June i6, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J86.-A.L.] RICHMOND June i6tW 1783 SIR I am aprehensive that few persons since the Commencement of the war with america have had the same cause to address their superiors on a subject similar to that of this letter. It is with pain Equal to the misfortunes that cause it that I daily View persons in this City and Reflect on others absent that have Reduced themselves to a state of Indigence by supporting the Credit of the state to the westward with a zeal that I at that time thought actuated the breast of Every friend to his Country, What must be the feeling of those men that advanced their property with the pleasing Reflection of CLARK TO HARRISON, JUNE 16, 1783 suporting the General cause, making no doubt of a speedy Reward at the End of the war should they find that they were not to Receive their payments for a series of years to Come; since my Return to this place I have discoverd Various opinions Respecting the propriety of those Expenditures, As it is a truth that will apear Obvious to Every man that will make himself acquainted with the situation of the frontiers and its enemies I can with the greater boldness affirm that it hath been the Consequential services attending those Expen- ditures that have savd the frontiers of this state from ruin and pre- vented us from going to three times the Expence. What would have been our situation had not the Executive prosecuted the meas- ures she did to the westward, And through the means of her Offi- cers Silencd many of those tribes of Indians by treaties and otherways and kept them Either attacht to us or in suspence until it was too late for them to Execute any plan destructive to our Interest, had not those measures been taken it is Easy to Conceive what would have been the Consequence of four or five thousand Indian warriors with all the assistance brittain could give them let loose on our fron- tiers for the course of seven years, might we not with propriety suppose that part of the blue Ridge would have been contended for, and all the assistance you have Received from those Valuable fron- tier countrys would have been lost to you. For my own part altho I have sufferd Every disadvantage that a person could Experience for seven years anxiety and fatigue, subject to the Clamours [of] Every Vilinous principal perticularly the Enemies of this state I could bear it with greater fortitude was I to be the only sufferer and the Creditors of the state alluded to paid, The whole of the western accounts will now be laid before you After considering the Expence of Recruiting and supporting several hundred troops for a number of years in a Country where Every article necessary for them was Extravagantly dear, And the great number of treaties that have been held with Various tribes of Indians, Every kind of military stores to purchase, Expeditions against the Enemy c I flatter myself you will find them when Reduced to their Value Exceedingly inadequate. As I know that Every attention was paid in order to have them so where they came under my notice, But the great distance from One post to another often put it out of my 241 242 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS power certainly to know for a considerable time what conduct was usd and many large accounts presented which the department under my command had nothing to do with, The whole of which I Expect the Commissioners of western accounts will fully point out to you, As those Gentlemen have been at uncommon pains to make them- selves fully acquainted with Every circumstance ther knowledge of the conduct of the greatest part of those Creditors induce me perhaps to be more Sollicitous for their being favourd as I Conceivd the motives which Enduced them to advance their property was of the purest nature, and it must be granted that they have been of Infinate advantage to the State, as they at the Earliest period shewd their Zeal for the cause otherways the Country we had possession of must have been abandond, Our Interest with the Indian nations totally lost, The Kantucky (The great preservitive of the frontiers of this state) would have been depopulated, and those numerous savages would have pourd in on Every quarter of the frontier which must have been supported by the Very troops which have Renderd Such signal service in the Eastern defence, Those ideas I always had in View and thought myself happy in preventing the Evil, many of my smaller charges against the state have no Vouchers, After you consider the Various circumstances attending the Command I was Intrusted with you could not suppose it strange that only memo- randoms should be taken of some of them and many totally neglected which I doubt will prove Ruinous to my private Interest as the great Variety of other publick business solely Engaged my attention and Required all the adress I was master of to superintend the publick Interest to advantage, not only the Civil Government of the people of the Illinois to attend to Recruiting disposing of troops that was difficult to support c But numerous tribes of Indians that had Ingagd in war against us that Required great and constant attention as well as Considerable sums of money to support necessary Comisarys among them, many that was continued in service thro the necessity of employing them, Altho their Characters otherwise not Equal to your wishes, at so great a distance from Government to get Council or much aid, and but few persons to give assistance, and latterly numerous partizens to Contend with that was Confusing the Inhabitants and nearly [MS. illegible] to the departments, I CLARK TO HARRISON, JUNE 26, 1783 hope to be Excusd in praying for an Immediate Redress of those Creditors which I Expect there is no doubt of as this state hath Repeatedly given proofs of her gratefull disposition, and which will farther Inable her with greater propriety to claim that honour she deserves for protecting through the Course of the war at least one third of the western frontier of the united states. As for the advances I have made of my own by bond c in Cases where the necessary Requisites Could not be otherways ob- tained from the low state of our finances I pray for an Indemnity by your Interposition I Have c CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, June 26, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.- A.L.S.] RICHMOND 26th June 1783. SIR. The following hints will sufficiently point out the Cause of every Article of Life on the Ouabach being raised to so great a price as charged in June of the Western Accounts, On our getting possession of Fort St Vincennes in 1778 and gaining three or four thousand Warriors to the American Interest, all Commerce between that Country and Detroyt immediately ceased, the Checasaws, part of the Cherokees and other Southern Indians warmly attached to the British Interest, rendered it exceedingly difficult for the Merchto to get supplies from the Mississipi as numbers of them were cut off on their passage up the Ohio by the Indians who had been instructed by the English to block up that River if possible, Those Circum- stances caused every Article at St Vincent to raise at least to four or five prices The Garrison kept at that post were obliged to recive its Supplies from the Inhabitants of the Town whom consisted of about three hundred Militia, about one Fourth farmers, that scarcely raised a Sufficiency of provisions to supply the Inhabitants, The British on the Lakes sensible of our growing Interest with the Savages, spared no pains, to regain them by Emissaries ca which made it necessary that the greatest attention should be paid on our part, Consequently vast numbers of Savages were constantly at that 'This letter is printed in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 3:501-502. 243 244 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Post, councilling c as Agents were kept in every Quarter of their Settlements where we could venture them, and St Vincent at once became the Seat of Indian Affairs- and those Articles necessary for the Solemnity of Treaties, support of troops, c was generally procured for the State by a few Merchants (Lagrass [Legras], Barrow, Lanetot [Linctot], and others ) whose zeal induced them to advance their fortunes for the public Interest Governor Hamil- ton by his Enemies in the Pittsburg County being informed there was a great number of disaffected Persons in that Quarter, ready to join him, resolved to make a Descent on that place, with all the power he could raise, General Carlton approved of his plan, but recommended it to him just to drive the Rebels of the Illenois Coun- try, otherwise they might possibly step in and take possession of Dutroyt, as he would have to leave it in a defenceless Situation, after puting the latter into execution he might regain the whole of the Indian Interest, and complete his fame to enable him to execute his first Design (the attempt was daring) but the prudent measure that Gentleman conducted himself by, enabled him to get possession of St Vincent without much Difficulty, the Season being too far advanced, he was obliged to take up his Winter Quarters at that place and of Course disperse his Indian forces untill the Spring, In the mean time got Captured by a Superior force, which doubly re- vived our Interest in that Quarter and extended our Influence nearly to the Walls of Dutroyt, and the great Concourse of people that consequently happen'd for many Months, Troops, Indians, ca nearly caused a famine, The Inhabitants not being able to receive their former plenty, in I78i were obliged to abandn the Post for the want of Supplies, from which moment our Interest with the Indians sunk as rapidly, as we had gained it, and nearly the whole engaged in War against us - I am Sr your Humble And Obedt Servt G R CLARKE HARRISON TO CLARK, JULY 2,1783 CLARK'S ACCOUNTS WITH VIRGINIA, July I, 1783 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.-Copy.) IN COUNCIL July Ist 1783 When the Auditors have settled the accounts of Gent Clark they will grant him Military certificates for the part of his pay which shall appear to have been due before the 8th day of Jany 1782 warrants on the Military fund for what has become due since that period BENJ HARRISON Shoud any Monies appear to be due to Geni Clark exclusive of his pay the Auditors will grant him a warrant for them. BENJ HARRISON pound; 3397.i6.5 1/2 COMMISSIONERS OFFICE 28th June 1783- It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to General Geo. R Clarke, for flour c furnished the Garrison at Fort Nelson, One Thousand two hundred Four Pounds 6/5Y2 - for his pay as Colonel from 2nd January I778. untile 22 January I78i :Xi1oi- for his pay as Brigadier Gen' from 22 January 178i. till 26th June 1783- pound; IO92.1o- in all Three Thousand Three hundred ninety seven Pounds i6/5j as p Accounts and Vouchers received- By orer of the Board. JA LYLE jR Asst Secy BENJAMIN HARRISON TO CLARK, July 2, I783 [Benjamin Harrison Letter Book, 1783-1786, pp. 164-i65.] GENERAL GEORGE R: CLARKE. IN COUNCIL July 2d I783. SIR, The conclusion of the war and the distressed situation of the State with respect to its Finances call on us to adopt the most pru- dent Oconomy. It is for this reason alone I have come a deter- mination to give over all Thoughts for the present of carrying on an offencive war against the Indians which you will easily perceive will render the Services of a General Officer in that quarter unneces- sary, and will therefore consider yourself as out of Command, but before I take leave of you I feel myself called on in the most forci- 245 246 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS able Manner to return you my Thanks and those of my Council for the very great and singular services you have rendered your Country, in wresting so great and valuable a Teritory out of the Hands of the British Enemy, repelling the attacks of their Savage Allies and carrying on successful war in the Heart of their Country, this Tribute of Praise and Thanks so justly due I am happy to com- municate to you as the united Voice of the Executive. I am with respect. Sir yrs. c. B: H: CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, July 2, 1783 [Draper MSS., xIJ25.-Transcript.] "RICHMOND, July 2, 1783. SIR: I had the pleasure of receiving your letter of this day's date, and can assure you that no reward for past services could be so satis- factory to me, as that of the gratitude of my country. I am happy in the idea of having met with the approbation of your Excellency and Council. Should anything hereafter transpire, wherein I could be of service to you, in the promotion of the interest of your govern- ment, its execution will again enable me to enjoy some of those pleasures that I have often experienced on the reflection of having rendered service to my country. I have the honor to be, Your Excellency's Most obedient and humble servant, GEORGE ROGERS CLARK. HIS EXCELLENCY, BEN. HARRISON, Esq." WALKER DANIEL TO CLARK, September 15, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J9i.-A.L.S.] BACHELORS OFFICE, Sept. 15th. 83. DEAR GENERAL, The Inhabitants of this Country have been vari- ously agitated since You left us, occasioned by some reports propa- gated by designing and perverse members of Society, that the claims under Virginia were all void, and that Improvements would entitle DANIEL TO CLARK, SEPTEMBER 15, 1783 to more certain estates from Congress: however the partial acceptance of the Cession of Virginia by Congress has in a great measure quieted these commotions. You have, I think, to blame Yourself, for not mentioning to me the Suits that Cleveland brought against You for the impress- ing his Whisky and for false imprisonment. In Your absence they have prosecuted both Suits with great vigor: last Court they were tried. As I was wholly unacquainted with the circumstances my- self I endeavour'd to get what information I could from others, learned that Mr Finn, now at Post Vincennes, could prove some- thing in Your favor: accordingly I moved to postpone the Trial till Finn's return, but was overruled. The Suit for the Whiskey was then brought on; fortunately for You they had committed two Blunders, which I tho't myself justifiable to take advantage of nonsuited them. The other was immediately tried, the Jury brought in pound;217 Damages, I moved for a new Trial as the Damages ap- peared excessive, but the Court would not grant it. I then proposed, at the request of some of Your Friends, to pay off the Judgment in property to be valued by two honest men, on a promise from Cleve- lands atto not to issue Execution. However my back was scarcely turn'd when a fieri facias was levied on every Thing, without ex- ception, You had in the County, and they were proceeding to sell them at cash prices to the highest bidder. Provoked at their want of common veracity generosity I prayed obtained an Appeal, which has superseded all their proceedings: and so the matter rests. You may prosecute the Appeal or not as You please. I am confident they have committed Errors, and that the Gen. Court will reverse the Judgment, but perhaps You and Cleveland had better compromise the Affair, as perhaps the man might have suffer'd undeservedly. I hope You will think I have done what Friendship dictated, perhaps [more] than You ought to have expec[ted] con- sidering Your own negligence. I am much pleased at finding no obstacle in the way of the Grant's being establish'd, tho' I am sorry it was obliged to be postponed till next Session. However a matter of some consequence can now be alter'd wch might have injured the Business if it had been finally compleated last Session. I will write 247 248 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS You more fully the first opportunity. Permit me to subscribe myself Your Friend hble Sert. WALKER DANIEL P. S. Have You seen any of my friends in King Queen will they ever write me I wish anxiously to be building on our great Point. W. D. Addressed: Brigadier Gen. Clark Richmond CLARK TO BENJAMIN HARRISON, October 12, I783 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:535.] GEo: ROGERS CLARK TO Gov: HARRISON. CAROLINE October i2th 1783 "SIR, I have been informed that your Excellency hath lately re- ceived dispatches from the Westward. Being anxious to know the success of the Commission to the Chicasaws induced me to take the liberty of writing to you hoping that some moments of leisure might offer, and that your Excellency would Honour me with the Infor- mation. from report I fear all is not well in that Quarter. I hope Sir that you will pardon this intrusion, and beg leave to subscribe myself, Your Excellency's very Hbl. Serv't." JAMES MONROE TO CLARK, October 19, 1783 [Draper MSS., 54J92.-A.L.S.] RICHMOND Octr 19. I783. DEAR SIR I was favO a few days since with yours by our friend Majr Crittenden and thank you very sincerely for the contents. My engagements with the Major are to a considerable amount, were founded have since been conducted upon a perfect confidence in his honor integrity: sentiments wh were formd in my mind in favr of him by your own the communications of Col9 Marshall his MONROE TO CLARK, OCTOBER 19, 1783 son John.' His conduct hitherto has been perfectly honorable fully corresponding with yr information; so that I have no appre- hensions that I shall at any future period have reason to be dissatis- fied [with] him: on the contrary my confidence hath increas'd from a personal acquaintance tryal of him. I have to beg of you that as you will be in that country with the Majr will have an oppor- tunity of seing his land sold me that you will with him give me yr opinion of that wh you think yP perferable. he will give you a list of the tracts out of which I am to chuse. tomorrow I sit out for Princeton so that I shall not have the pleasure of seing you before you go. my wishes are that you have a safe profitable trip. with respect to the employmt you have heard I have in contemplation I can assure you I have not made up my mind thereon even if I had VP office within my reach. but if I had was ever so solicitous of it these appointments are so incertain depend on such a variety of contingencies that it wod be to be calculated on as a remote probability. I intended going with Mr Jefferson some time since when he held y9 appointmt to the Ct of Versailles to negotiate y' peace but whether he will now go or not is incertain if he does 'tis very doubtful as sd above whether I shall accompany him. but whether I stay on the continent of America or go abroad I shall always be glad to hear from you shall be very happy to render you service. you will continue to correspond with me at Prince- ton or whereever Congress may reside shall wish you make yr. communications as usual with perfect freedom. our interests in the ' This was the John Marshall, son of Colonel Thomas Marshall, who afterwards became chief justice of the United States Supreme Court. Father and son entered the continental service in the Revolution in the same organization, Thomas Marshall as major, John as lieutenant of a regiment of minute men from Fauquier, Orange and Culpeper counties, which met and defeated Dunmore's forces at Great Bridge late in 1775. This organization was soon disbanded, and John Marshall was on July 30, 1776, commissioned lieutenant of the Third Virginia Regiment where his father held the rank of major. He was commissioned captain-lieutenant in December, 1776, to rank from July 31, and was transferred to the i5th Virginia Line. In the winter of 1777-I778 he was with Washington at Valley Forge, having been appointed before going into winter quarters deputy judge advocate of the army of the United States. He participated in the battle of Monmouth and July 1, 1778, was promoted to the rank of captain. Later in the summer of 1779 the term of enlistment of his regiment expired, and with other supernumerary officers he went back to Virginia, returning to active service only for a brief time during Arnold's invasion of Virginia. 249 250 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS western country are very similar of course whatever will promote mine will serve yours: the plans w4 I take with respect to my pri- vate property I will inform you of wish you also to inform me what you think y9 most eligible. of this you may rest assur'd that ye object of this part of ye State an object wh will govern in all our Councils will be to effect a separation erect an independendt State westwd, as it will enable us to oeconomize our affrs here give us greater strength in ye foederal councils. I am very sincerely yr. most obt very humble servt JAe MONROE THOMAS JEFFERSON TO CLARK, December 4, 1783 [Draper MSS., 52J93.-A.L.S.] ANNAPOLIS Dec. 4. 1783. DEAR SIR I received here about a week ago your obliging letter of Oct. I2. 1783. with the shells seeds for which I return you many thanks. you are also so kind as to keep alive the hope of getting for me as many of the different species of bones, teeth tusks of the Mammoth as can now be found. this will be most acceptable. Pittsburg Philadelphia or Winchester will be the surest channel of conveyance. I find they have subscribed a very large sum of money in England for exploring the country from the Missisipi to California. they pretend it is only to promote knolege. I am afraid they have thoughts of colonising into that quarter. some of us have been talking here in a feeble way of making the attempt to search that country. but I doubt whether we have enough of that kind of spirit to raise the money. how would you like to lead such a party tho I am afraid our prospect is not worth asking the ques- tion. the definitive treaty of peace is at length arrived. it is not altered from the preliminaries. the cession of the territory West of Ohio to the United states has been at length accepted by Congress, with some small alterations of the conditions. we are in daily ex- pectation of receiving it with the final approbation of Virginia. Congress have been lately agitated by questions where they should fix their residence. they first resolve on Trentown. the Southern CLARK APPOINTED SURVEYOR states however contrived to get a vote that they would give half their time to Georgetown at the Falls of Patowmac. still we con- sider the matter as undecided between the Delaware Patowmac. we urge the latter as the only point of union which can cement us to our Western friends when they shall be formed into separate states. I shall always be happy to hear from you and am with very particular esteem Dr Sir Your friend humble servt TH: JEFFERSON Addressed: Gen! George Rogers Clarke CLARK APPOINTED PRINCIPAL SURVEYOR OF BOUNTY LANDS, December 17, 1783 [Draper MSS., 32J93.-D.S.] Be it remembred, that on the seventeenth day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred eighty three, that George Rogers Clarke of the State of Virginia for and on the part of himself, his heirs, executors administrators of the first part and Col George Muter, Lt Col Charles Dabney Mlajr Thomas Merriweather the deputation on the part of the officers and soldiers of the Virginia State line for this purpose duely appointed for and on the part of the said officers and soldiers, for themselves their successors, in such deputation of the second part, have cove- nanted, promised, contracted and agreed And do by these presents covenant, contract, promise and agree, to and with each other in manner and form following, that is to say. First, the party of the first part being elected, the principal surveyor, for the purpose of locating surveying the several bountys of land, which have been given granted by the General Assembly of this State to the said officers and soldiers, shall forthwith proceed to proceed to obtain the legal qualifications for effectually executing his said office of princi- pal surveyor, and having obtained such qualifications, shall proceed as early as may be, on the bussiness of locating and surveying the bountys of lands aforesaid, for the several officers and soldiers en- tittled thereto as original grantees of the State, for their heirs, agreeable to their respective warrants, according to such modes and regulations as have been, or shall hereafter be established by the 251 252 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Gen' Assembly, faithfully effectually doing performing at every stage of the bussiness whatever it is customary for surveyors to do perform. Secondly the said party of the first part, shall carry with him and keep in service during the time of his being on the said bussiness, or untill discharged by the superintendants, four effective men for chain carryers, markers hunters, armed fur- nished with ammunition, and also equipped with the necessary uten- sils for performing the dutys aforesaid for each deputy or assistant surveyor he shall employ, whose pay shall not exceed three shillings per day, to be paid by the said surveyor, and he to be reimbursed therefore, by the partys of the second part. Thirdly, the party of the first part, shall out of his own fees pay the College dues that shall arise on this bussiness, exonerating the said officers soldiers therefrom. Fourthly the partys of the second part, that is to say, the said officers and soldiers, their heirs, executors or administrators respectively, shall pay or cause to be paid, to the party of the first part, his heirs, executors administrator or assigns, the usual sur- veyors fees as by law established; three shillings whereof for every thousand acres to be paid down at the time of lodging the warrant or warrants, on which the said surveys are to be made. In witness whereof the said parties have hereunto interchange- ably sett their hands the date above written. G. R. CLARK GEORGE MUTER CHA DABNEY LT COL. THOS MERIWETHER CLARK AS PRINCIPAL SURVEYOR OF SOLDIERS' BOUNTY LAND, December 20, 1783 [Cal. of Pa. State Papers, 3:550.] Decem. 20th I783 Bond of George Rogers Clark and Wm. Croghan, in the penalty of Three Thousand Pounds, to George Minter, Chas: Dab- ney, and other Officers of the State Line and State Navy,- authorizing them to receive from all officers and Soldiers of said Line, as Principal Surveyors of Public lands, for such amounts of lands as they may be entitled to respectively, "one half dollar for CLARK AND ACCOUNTS, 1783 each thousand acres" as Surveyor's fee, and "one dollar for each hundred acres" contained in such warrant, upon delivery of the same, to form a contingent fund for executing the provisions of act of assembly granting public lands, c., c. CLARK ASSUMES REVOLUTIONARY ACCOUNTS, December 22, 1783 [Draper MSS., 46J45.-Transcript.] June 5th 1783. GENERAL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK To CHARLES GRATIOT ASSIGNEE OF CAP"" LINCTOT DR To a bill of exchange accepted by you for 7678 Livres pound;427-13-4 To Interest on the above Bill from the 5th of June 1 1779 til the 5th of June 1783 4 years at 5 p. c f 85-io-8 To Bill of Exchange accepted by you for 3836 Dollars I I50-I6 To Interest on the above Bill from 5h of June 1779 l til 5lb June 17834 years a 5 p C f 230-3 pound;1894- 3 6 livres to a french Crown. I certify that Gen' Clark as paid to me the with account with Interest By power of attorney of Godefroy Linctot (Signed) CH. GRATIOT I 894-3 I618-5-3 275-17-9 RICHMOND 224 December, 1783 253 CHAPTER IX CLARK'S ACCOUNTS WITH VIRGINIA, MARCH 30, 1778- JUNE 9, 1783 VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK - VIRGINIA CREDITOR TO CLARK - SUMMARY Ot ACCOUNTS CONNECTED WITH THE CONQUEST OF THE NORTHWEST-BILLS DRAWN BY VARIOUS OFFICERS- PAY ROLL OF CAPTAIN JOSEPH BOWM AN'S COMPANY, AUGUST 8, 1778 TO DECEMBER 14, 1778-PAY ROLL OF CAP- TAIN EDWARD WORTHINGTON'S COMPANY, JULY 17, 1778 TO JUNE I, 1779 -PAY ROLL OF CAPTAIN JESSE EVANS' COMPANY, DECEMBER 29, 1778 TO APRIL 5, 1779- CLARK'S ACCOUNTS WITH VIRGINIA' [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] THE STATE OF VIRGINIA To BRIGADIER GENL G. R. CLARK For Sundry Payments, Expences other Disbursements by him made in behalf of the said State, Illinois Department. Viz:- l Many of the Vouchers for this a/c 1778 . are in a Bundle endorsed, "Vouch- IDo11 I I ers for Genl Clarks a/c consistingDolars I -of c c Mar 30 ' To a treat at Rendezvous.......... 13jsI Ap. 4 2 dan Express from the Mouth of Muddy Creek 33/i 8" 3 pdfor flour for Capt Helms' Co.. 8. 15, 4 pd Io Men for bringing boats from Wheeling to Redstone ......... 237 25' 5 pd for a Treat to Capt Helms's CO . 63A I 30: 6 pd for. .do .. for Capt Bowman's I Co.5Q........................... 273 7 pd for 66 yds Linnen for Boat Covers. 21 3 325 " 8 pd for repairing Boats. ..........x l6 y May 12z" 9 pd John Maxwell, for 1218911 flour in Barrells. 35 xS 14 10 pd Jacob Bousman for 130 ferriages ioH 1 This material has been printed, in part, in English, Conquest of the Country Northwest of the Ri'ver Ohio 1778-1783 and Life of George Rogers Clark, 2 :1040-1056. 254 VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK 255 I I 1 Dollars pdfor 4 pr Hand Cuffs .......... 0 I pd Francis Charleville for Io Beeves ....................... 2373/s'6 pd Chas Charleville for x5oll Gun- powder ...................... 248 pd for rum.. p Capt Worthing- ton's rect ............9........ x pd for 14211 Gun Powder ........ 340 pd Mr Murray for rum for use of the Troops .................. pd for sundry ferriges to the Span- ish side of Cert.............. pd for 1411 Bacon at 1/2 a Dollar pr lb......................... pd for a Boat pr Major Bowman's Cert ....................... pd Delouri, for Storage Cartage of Merchandize at Misere in the Spanish Country ............. pd an Armorer for 37 Days Work at 8 livres pr day........... pd a Carpenter for 38 Days Work at Fort Clark................. pd for repairing the Garrison at Kaskaskia .................... pd for 20 Powder at 2 Dollars pr lb ........................ pdfor 5o Lead at 1/2 Dollar pr lb pdfor rioo flints.................. pd for 1511 Flour Barrells ....... 294 4 7 30 36 59 Y 25 2 '5 pd for 4oll Lead ....... .......... 20 pd for 7011 Powder ..... ......... x40 pd for i Grappling Iron (say Boat Anchor) ..................... 30 pd Difft ferriages over the Missis- sippi ...... ..................10 pd Mr Labadie for ioooll Lead... 250 pd 3 Men employ'd by Willm Swan for repairs at Fort Clark ...... 282/5 pd Serjt James Espy, as pr rect on his Pay Roll .................. 50 Carried over.... 2,087 465 228 I l 528 3,583 July 5"V '7 27 Atigt I" 7', '4 19 26 24'1 Nov Mar May I 2 12 '3 14 '5 z6 17 '9 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 25' 27' I I I i I I I I I - I I = ,, 256 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars To Amot brot over . . 3,583 35 pd John Sanders for ServIces p rect .3.., .............I.3 36 pd for transporting Troops to the Cherokee Fort .352 37 jpd for an Horse furnished Mr 1 Gibault for his services to St Vincent ...................I 6o 38 pd Doctor Laffont for like Ser- vices ......................... o 39 pd Charlo Charleville for 56 Gall. Tassia, deld to Ind" at Sun- dry Councils treaties I 4 Doll p Gall ...... 224 40 pd do for 13 Quarts Liquor for like purposes .92/5 4 pd do for an Horse .4o. . 42 pd do for V/2 Gall. Tassia, deld the fatigue Party for rais- ing a Boat . .. 3' 43 pd Mr Gratiot for I12 Gunpowder I12 44 pddfor Cartage of . .... do ...... ' 45 pd dofor '2 Gn rum for fatigue Party loading Boats. 3 /5 46 pd Mr Gibault for a Colt lost] while his Mare was in pub- lice Service . ..J 7 47 pd Capt John Williams his pay Abstract ..... 5,128 6,042 Vs 48 pd Capt Joneast for sundries fur- nish'di the Trrsnn D his Arr.e, 49 50 5r 52 53 54 55 56 57 rendered at Fort Clark ....j.... 6o0 pd Capt Edward Worthington his Pay Abstract ................. 2,547 pd Capt Richd McCarty. his d9 do. 1,2482/5 pd do do for his Volunteer Com- pany ....................... 7202/51 pd Lieut. Perault for his Pay Abstract ................. 6.... 56 j pd Capt Joseph Bowman for his do .1.......... ............... 1,703 ;5 Pd Capt Abrm Kellar for his. .dO. .1,855 pdMajor Joseph Bowman for his do .......................... 4425 pd for 2 days Work ............. 2 Y1 pd Lieut. John Girault in part of his recruiting Accot his re- ceipt thereon........ . goo VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK I pd for sundry necessaries for the Hospital . ................... 20 pd for 205 flour .. 8 p hun- dred, del0 Capt Shelby..... J 6 pd Capt Fras Charleville for his Pay Abstract ........ ........ 323 pd for sundry necessaries for use of the Hospital ....... ....... 37 pd Lieut. John Bayly, expe on re- cruiting zi Men rect ..... ix8 ppd an Express from St Vincents to the Vermillion Towns .... 20 pI] Mons. Antoine Gamelin Ind. Agent, for sundry Expo while he was treating wt' the Ouabache Inds .......... J 1,143 .15 pd for sundry necessaries for use I of the Hospital at F. Clark.. 5 45 pd Chs Charleville for 2 Cwt flour at 8 Cwt 17 Transferred to folio z , 10,895 M I T ,38o _ /s 2I, 90 I M 58 59 6o 6r 62 63 64 66 67 257 ,I 258 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars 1778 To Amot brot over from folio x........ 21,901 68 pd2 Men for 3 days search after Public Horses ...... ......... 9 69 pd for 2 Gall, Tassia for Kaskas- kia Indians ....... .......... 12 70 pd for 4 loads of Wood ........ 4 5 71 2o Gunpowder ..... ......40 72 I0ooflints.................. 2 73 1 5o Lead ... ..............20 74 ipd an Express to Kahokia........I0 97 75 Pd a Coxswain for 70 1 days Service on Board the Willing Bat- teau on the Expedn to Post Vincent ........... J 70 76 pd Jonas Menafield for 45 days Work at F. Clark. . 45 77 pd an Armorer for repairing Arms at do .24Y5 75 pd for 232 Pickets at one Livre each 46 25 79 pd Capt Leond Helm in 1 part of his Pay i Abstract transmitted to Government as p his J rect thereon .8894/5 8o pd Capt Joseph Bowman in part of do as p do ................ 1,1W83 8I pd Capt Will Harrod in part of do as p do .........II......... 1,I36Y5 82 pd Capt John Montgomery in part of do as p do.......... Zi6iji 5,557 24 July 27'" 83 pd Chs Caderon for Pro- visions other neces- saries furnished Capt Bowman's Co. on their J March to Illin ..7651 84 pd Monsr Bolsey for i Cwt. Gun- powder p rect Capt Bowman.. xoo 85 pd horse hire as p rect of Capt Bowman. 8 Y Septr 26" 86 pd Lacroix's Acco. p MaIr Bow- man's Cert .11525 87 pd Lacroux's do for Provisions p Cert of do .25435 88 pd Thou Brady's do for Rations p do of doo. 56o0 VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK Oct 3 " 89 Septr 20", 90 Novr I0" 92 I8" 93 24 94 27 95 30 96 Dec 2" 97 1779 JanY 28" ( 1779) 19 27 28" 98 99 100 10I 102 103 'pdLacroix's do for... .p do of do (Ind Acco) ................. ipdLacroix's do for... .p do of do.. pd Richl MPCarty's Acco. p do of do pd for horse hire ...... p do of do. pd Monsr Lavasseur. . . p do of do. . pd for Stone, Wood c. . p do of do 'pd for do ... dO c. p do of do ... pd for do ... do c. p do of do... pd Lacroix's 2 Accot4 for Provis- ions p do of do.............. 'pd Monsr Cotineau for rum for1 Volunteers Inds p Capt McCarty's Certificate........ pd at Praire de Roche p Cert. of Capt Bowman ............... pd Exps at Philips to St Pierre p do of do .................... pd RichO MPCarty for Ensign Le- vine's Board iI days.......... pd Exp at Kaskaskia p Capt Bow- man's Cert................... pd Monsr Barbee's Accot Certified by Capt McCarty............. Transferred to folio 43 2/ 35934 7634 8 2 /34 33j 73/, 314 47034 1,603 / 334 491 20 4 I ro34 I 33/ 88 1 l 2os5 1 143 I A 3 1 29,794 -A 259 I Ig Dollars 260 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars 1779 To Amot brot over from folio 2...... 29,794 3 5 May 22, 104 ipd Lacroix's provs Acco Certified by Major Bowman ....... .... 708 2/5 1 I05 pd Lacroix's do.. .do. . .by. . do ... 159/f Io6 Ipd Horse hire Loss of saddle p Cert... do .................. 8 2/ 107 pd for.. do ..dp o .. do.... 8 - Ic08 Ipdfor do . .do p Cert. ..do ... 8 I9pd for Provisions at Kaskaskia 1 p do ...... do .' 145/5 10 pdffor i Perriogue.. .p do... do 30 112 pd for 2 Flour 2 recepts Danl Murray .I2 113 pd Mr Barbineau for oo'll flour 6oo"l Ind. Meal p rect o)f Danl Murray .72 114 pd do for wioo lb flour p rect do. . 6o 115 pdRago Bauvais for 291 flour p rect do.........I7.............I 1,229 3 xI6 pd Mr Charleville for 2205 flour 205911 Ind. Meal, 501o Loads Hay p rect Daniel Murray 406'5 117 pd Mr Plassy for 211 Nails ....... I 5 118 pd for Corn p rect of Dan' Murray 6 119 pd Mr Plassy for 2oo'1 flour p I rect do .12 120 pd Mr Barbineau for 2ooll flour p rect do. 12 121'pd do for 2oo11 do ....p rect do. . I2 122 ,pd Renow for Corn .... p rect do 6 123 lpd do for do .......... p rect do 6 124 Ipd Degane for do ...... p rect do . 12 125 pd Mr Barbeneau for iooll flour Corn i8 dollrs for Corn...... ..... p rect do. 24 I26 pdd for 20011 flour ....p rect do. . 12 127 lpddo for iooll Do p .... prectdo 6 zz8 pd Rago Bauvais for 49 do ..... . .............. p rect do. 3 129 1pd Mr Plassy for zooll do....... .................... p rect do 6 130 pd Rago Bauvais for 49 do..... . ............. ...... p rect do. . 15 131 pd do for Iooll do ......p rect do. . 6 132 pd Mr Bienvenue for 4ooo0 flour .................... .p rect do . 240 I33 pd Mr Plassy for 29"1 Buffaloe beef. p rect do. 2 787 1 2/5 i VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK pd Cerre for 8oll Indian Meal p rect ... ............... do. . 54211 flour ..... p rect do.. z9,82411 Beef ..... p rect do.. 1001l flour . p rect do. 400ll do ..... p rect do. 40511 Buffaloe Beef....... .............. p rect d o . . 1,78411 flour ..... p rect do. 44611 Ind: Meal .p rect do.. i Canoe ... p rect do.. Cartage i Day. p rect do. . Transferred to folio 2 21, 323 I r982-5 6 ! 24 j 202 ; I 107 2 2,200 r/ 4. - - - 34,01 1 2, I! 261 Dollars 134 '35 136 '37 138 '39 140 '4' 142 143 262 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars To Amot brot over from folio 3 ...... 34,01O 2/5 1 44pd for Dan Murray's Cert. to Bienvenue ................. 5 145 pd for 5,424 Buffaloe Beef p Dan. Murray's Cert . . . 3253 1779 146 pdfor 7,15011 flour.. .p. .do. .dO.. 429 JanY 11"f 147 pd for D. Murray's rect of this date .is 12 1 148 pd for do ...... do of this date for Wood ... 36 13 149 pd for do . do of this date for Provision .......... ...... 2 929 Y5 6 150 Pd for do...... do of this date for Wood .......... 4 i8 15 pd for do ...... do of this date for do 2 152 pd for do ...... do of this date for Provisions............. 138 20 153 pd for do.. do of this date for do 772/5 154 pd for do...... do of this date for zoooll flour. . 6o 23 155 pd for do .. do of this date for 5,5801] do . .4453/5 156 pd for do .. do... dfor 6ooll Ind Meal ....................... I8 157 pd for d ...d. d.for z1911 Loads Wood ... 119 x58 pd for do .. do. for 725 Pork.. 58 25 159 pd for do.. do... for Wood ... IM 27 i6o pd for do ..... .for 33 Loads do 33 Feb 3s1 I6I pd for do.. do to Mr. Plassy 167 162 pd for do ... do . for Provis- ions 6o . . .12........I 163 pd do for I Hde Taffia ......... z40 1778I 64 pd for do Cert. for Provisions.... 12 July 28" I65 pd for 6 days board for an Ind. Interpt ... 6 Sept. 24" z66 pd I. B. Lacroix for sundry Expences treating with the Inds between 31t Aug this date p his Acco. rendered Bow n 205 28" 167 pd Thos Brady's 2 Accots for sundry Indian Expences as Certified by Major Bowman 2z6Y5 6i8 pdMonsr Lacroix's Acco. for sun- dry do p Cert. do........... 43 Y 169 pd Moses Henry for his Acco of d p Cert of Cap Helm.. 77i I.- I _ VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK 170 pd do .... for do. .p order of do.... 171 pd an Acco. certified by Capt Bow- man ......................... 172 pd Mr Danis his Wages as Ind. Interpt from Kaskaskias to Wiaw, under Capt Helm, for Horse hire ea.ea.......... 173 pd Monsr Lacroix's sundry Ex- pences while treating with different Na- tions of Indians as p Acco....................I 174 pdfor Goods furnished to Indi- ans as p Cert. Cap Bowman [75 pd for rum to Indians at Sundry times ......................... I76 pdfor do Goods ea to Indians.. I77 pd for 5 Bottles rum to do....... I78 pdfor 5 Bottles do to do......... I79 pd for Rum at a treaty in Novemr Transferred to folio 6o I 44 H , ;i I r fn i i I 2 5 Y5 ! 21 I I 85 1 156 I 6 I2 i 1,248 5.... 1 37,688 263 IDollars I M I I I 264 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars To Amot brot over from folio 4.. 37,668 o80 pd Monsr Deneau for a trip to the Chipwa nation as Ind. Agent 240 I8i pd for 2 Bottles of rum for Indians 6 182 pd for 4 pr Shoes for ...... do .... d2 183 pd for 13 Shirts for .......do.... 4325 184 pd for I0 pr Shoes for.-.. ....d 30 I85 pdfor 3 Quarts Taffia for do 12 I86 pd for i. ..do. . . do... for do .... 4 187 pd for Sundry Exps at a treaty at Post st Vincent's in Feb. 1779 47 I88 pd for taffia at sundry times for Indians. 6o 189 pd Mr Gibault's Lafont's Ex- pences at taking possession of Post St Vincent in 1778. J 657 190 pd Capt Helm's order favr Mr Hubberdeau for sundry Exp. 218 191 pd d.. .do... favr John Louise.... 128 192 pd I. M. Legras' Acco for sun-' dries furnished p Capt Helms' Certificate .I,63IY5 193 pd Capt Helms' order fav Chas Amoneau for sundries furnished the Troops .87 3194 pd Capt Helms dft favor John Louise for sundries ........... 171 i 195 pd . .. do ... do favr Fras Bosseron for. do. 5oo I96 pd . .. do ... do favr Pierre Cornia for. do.500 4,346 3 197 pd Qr Mr Rogers' Cert. favr Mr Renault for do . 123 198 pd Capt Helm's order favr Jean Vauchers for do .92I 199 pd do... dofavr Mr Renault for do 114'/5 200 pd do ... .do favr John Gibert for do 2793/ .20 pd do... do favr Mr Lafontaine for d. ............... 300 202 pd do ... .do favr of the Bearer for d................ I03 203 pd Lieut. Richd Brashear's order favr Cripeau for do ........ 3135 204 pd Capt Helms' order of JanY last favr. for do ................... 62S 205 pd do . dofavr M Roberdeau for do............. 46 2o6 pd d . d favr .... for do ... 1783/s VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK 265 ___ I Dollars 207 pd do.... dofavr ... for do.... 643 208 :pd do.... do favr Francois Bosse- ron.for do.. . .......510 3,980 209 pd Michi Antia for Sundry Ser- vices ca ..................... 30 210 ipd a blacksmith's Bill of this I date for sundry Iron Work 53 2II pd a Carpenters Acco for Work repairs at F. Clark ...... 433l 212 ;pd Monsr Cerre's Acco for Pro- 2 visions ca furnish'd the Troops at Fort Clark between 7th last July this date p his Accot rendered ....... 2,8623 213 pd James Manafee for 12 Chords Wood ....................... 12 214 pd do.. for 12 ...d.......... I2 215 pd Armstead Dudley for 8 days Work ........................ 4 2I6 pd James Graham for io days Work ....................... 5 i 3,023 Transferred to folio 6.... 49,039 A 266 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ___ l l Dollars To Amot brot over from folio 5 ........ 49,039 Y5 218 pd for Patt. Kennedy's Bon's for difft Public Services p his Acco..2951 Z.6 j 590YS 221 pd Danl Murray for 24 Bush" Salt at 6 Doll. p .............1 44 Casks Cooperage ....... 6 ! 222 pd Mr Plassy for Pitch Oakum. 93/5 223 pd for Casks by order of Capt Harrod ...................... x32/51 224 pd for '5/2 Bush. Salt p Capt Harrod's order .............. 772/5 225 pd for 63 Do z Casks p do..do. 4012/5 226 pd for 6i/2 Do . pdo.. do. 37O3/5 9Y2 Do ...... .. p do.. do. 47 Y 227 pd for 102Y2 Gunpowder p do. . do . 3072/5 228 pd for xI 5,2 Lead. . ... . p do. .do. x853/ 229 pd for repairing Capt Harrod's boat ........................ 6 2,159 234 pd for 2 Hhds Taffia as p rect Capt George ................ 400 237 pd Bartlet Searey for going Ex- press from St Vincents to the Falls ....................... 75 238 pd Harman Consler as Express from Kaska to Wmburg ..... x,ooo 239 pd for sundry Attendance d Necessaries furnished for the pd Sick at the Falls of Ohio.. 3I9 240 pd Edw4 Murray as Express from Kaska to the Falls of Ohio i00 24 pd Boston Damewood for taking up a boat Anchor ........... xoo 242 To Cash of the recall'd emis- sions now returned p rect Geo. Brooks ....... ......... x6,271 244 To do pd Jacob Lacourse for I Hhd Taffia................. 600 18,865M p Capt Helms 3 Sundry Dfts on me of the 24 Oct. 78. Viz. 245 I in favor Cripeau for ......... 14825 246 I in favr Chapoton for ........ 2!! 247 i in favor I. M. P. Legras (of the 29) ................. 760o4 1778 248 lpd Mr Barbeau for Lodging the omitted Chipwa's when coming to Nov. zoth treat.............. ......... _4Y VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK 267 Dollars pd I. R. Hanson, for his Acco. of sundries for the friendly Ind" pd Beaufrere the Taylor p Certi- ficate of Major Bowman.... pd Ahavmand at Caho p do of do for Sundries for the Sick.... pd Kenell for making flags for the Ind" p Cert. Major Bow- man ....................... pd Major Bowman's dft on me for furnitures .............. pd Richd McCarty for sundries p his Acco Cert by Majr Bow- man ..... pd Jos. Brown the Troops pd Sundry Exp pd Majr Smith Kentucky V pd Will Helm pd Joseph Anc Indo p. Cer pd T. Brady i nish'd at F' pd for sundrie Hospital p pd Antoine Bie ions furnisi pd Cho Charl sundries . . I2434/ 148 6o, 22 454M g ,,,,,..,,....... 139 for 79311 Beef for per his rect ...... r 6o ences as p Voucher 9og for support of the 'oluntf p rect ...... 500 2,843 for Bacon as p rect 7 Irews for rum for t Capt Helm ...... 269 .or Provisions fur- Clark ........... 7773, es for use of the Doctor Rey ....... 35 'nvenue for Provis- i'd at F. Clark... 246 eville p rect for .................. 4.2 4282/D 1,762 H Transferr'd to folio 7.... 74,670 1 15 .249 .250 .25I .252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 261 260 262 263 I I X X' X X XI 268 ILLINOIS IIISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars iTo Amot brot over from folio 6.. 74,670 264 p(I Chae Charleville.... p rect ... 225 265 P'l Brasseau for his Acco ........ 3 266 p" J. B. Lacroix..... p rect 614 /5 639 4/ 1779 267 pd1 for an Horse furniture p order Moses Henry. 8 Aug 25" 268 p'l John Hargis in part of his Con- tract for Beef ................ 200 Oct. 9" 269 p4 for z Gall. Taffia as treat to Colo Rogers' men after their defeat ........ ............... 8o 29" 270 pd 2 of Cap Linetots Volunteers 8 Months pay ................ 177 27! pd Moses Henry p his 3 Accotl., V 272 pd Capt Quirk, sundries for use of his CompY p rect ............. 148 V 273 pd Capt Helms in part of his Accot p rect ..... ... ... 354 V 274 pd Capt Worthington for use of his CompY p rect ............ 9163/5 V 275 advanced Henry Crutcher, a reduced Commissary, in 1 before he was reduced.. (book debt) ............... 24 3,294 1 V 276 advanced Cap Richd McCarty (deceased) in part of his Pay for recruiting other neces- sary purposes (book Acco) . . 3,59I3/ V 277 advanced Capt Abm Kellar in part of his pay for recruiting other necessary purposes (book acco) ...... 189i V 278 pdLieut: Perrault in part of his recruiting Acco p rect thereon ..................... 6oo V 279 advanced Doctor Rey for use of the Hospital (book Acco) ............... 150 V 280 advanced Cap Evans for use of his Compy (book Acco).. 123I V 28! advanced Capt Is Shelby for use of his Co .......... (book Acco) .......09......... I 'V 282 advanced Capt Isaac Taylor for use of his Co (book Acco) .............. II8 4,88I i 25 VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK 269 Dollars 284 Cash pd I. M. Simmons for i Copying my public Acco i p rect. 100 285 pd Will Shannon's 54 dfts on me in favr of sundry persons for public services ca, as will appear by his AccoIix 1779 34,206 livres............... J 68+XY June zr 286 pd dd dft on the Treasr favr Monsr Cerre (No r2o) ............. 875 June 27 287 p" d d on do favr Charlo Charle- ville (No 132) .T,095J,3 May J6 pd do do on me......... (No 65)..32 288 pd do do on me .... (No 102).. 461r5 I pd do Sundry Small d on me.... p his rect.33 9,338 I June 20 289 pd do dft on the Treasr favr M.M.Carty. (No 15) 73 Novr 9 290= p do dft on the Treasr favr N. Randolph.No 170) ..9,718 9,79! Transferred to folio 8....102.715 270 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS I I I Dollars I Sneeie Pens Curr.vY To Amot brot over from folio 7. .pd Capt Dodge for one Perriogue. pd Swan for Iron ...................... pdfor a large Copper Kettle ........... pdfor VWood for Barracks. pd expences in making 42 bushels Salt at Bullet's Lick per Richard Cheno- weth . pd for Tallow . ........................ pd for Fuel ........................... I pd MoGee for his work p Cert. in lieu of 9 yds of Cloth ................... pd for 8 bushels of Corn ............... pd for Wood for Barracks Ioo Dollars do I8 Dol. pd Marsham Brashear for Corn p rect.. pd for Beef ................ i pd Jesse Rood for Haleing fuel ......... pd Express from St Vincents. pd for Wood . pd for Cutting Hauling fuel .......... pd for repairing Barracks .............. pd Silas Harlan for i6 bush Corn de- livered into Store... 3 do deld to Capt Baley for Recruits. 20011 Flour for the Troops... pd John Briscoe Jr for Casks p Cert.. pd Levin Powell for an Iron Chain I Grate p d .................... pddofor a Batus appraised to pound;2000 ... pd dofor 6Y411 powder xxY411 Lead 200 flints................ pd for Whisky for the Troops .......... pd Thomas Vickroy for a Bag p Cert .... I pd John Donnes' Acco for provisions ca pd Thomas Vickroy for paper p Cert... pd Anthony Rolins for 1631/211 flour. pdLieut Colo Joseph Crocket p re...... pd Isaac Fisher for expences as Express to Holdston...... pd Coleman Hill as Express from the Fall to Fort Pitt........ pd Hardy Hill for i6 bush Corn p rect ... 1779 Nov. I4 20 Dec 6 8 23 29 I780 JanY I 19 35 _ _ Feby 4 I6 Mar 12' 20 24 25 __I Api Sept 1 Oct 51 I78I febY I2z Mar 25 May I9 20 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 .13 '4 15 I6 '7 Ix8 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3I 32 33 34 102,7I5 365s 8o 130 20' 1,7881 79 IO 562 320: 118 225 50 50 501 6o 50 150 2,240 300 451 306 6,6661 884 798 70 40,104 136 817 17,050 1,000 6,2oo x,62o _ _ . . VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK Dollars June 2a 35 !pd Ensign Tannehill for his expences as July Express from Richmond to Fort Pitt. 4,650 July 28 36 pcI William Harrison' in full of his Acco. i p rect pound;S15156............... 50 5221 2/6 37 !pd do Benj Harrison's2 expences p Acco 4361 Y6 March i see Wm H 37 Ipd do in behalf of Government p rect pound;126,582,, 6,-X. 08=9=64 (this accot for in Accot,) 421,94 1 38 lpd John Gibson Mercht for Goods he fur- l nished Colo Gibson for use of Indians on Acco U. States p his rect. :pound;72wzg4 Sept I 39 pd Daniel MCKinneys Acco. of Smith l Work ... ...... .. 276 40 Ipd Capt Isaac Craig's Acco. of expences from Fort pitt to Philadelphia p rect . 1,997 Transferred to folio 9. . opound; 90=i1=014=1 665,483! /62 lWilliam Harrison, the son of Lawrence and brother of Col. Benjamin Harrison, was horn in Virginia but at an early age moved to Yohogania County, Virginia, now the neighborhood of Connellsville, Pa. He was a lawyer, served as sheriff of his county and as a member of the House of Delegates. He served in the Revolution as major and colonel of the militia, and met his death in the expedition of Col. William Crawford, his father- in-law, in 1782. Kellogg, Frontier Advance on the Upper Ohio (Wit. Hist. Coils., 23), I65-z66, note I. 'Benjamin Harrison, who W2S the son of Lawrence and brother of William Harrison (see above), entered service in the Revolution as a captain in 1776, and retired as a major in 178x. In 1782 he was colonel of the Westmoreland County militia. After the death of his brother William, Benjamin moved to Kentucky, where he had an active career as sheriff of Bourbon County, as member of the conventions of 1787, 1788 and 1792, as representative in the legislature of 1793, and as state senator, 1795. He took part in Col. George Morgan's New Madrid enterprise and later settled in Missouri in the Ste. Genevieve district. Kellogg, Frontier Ad- vance, 386, note 3. 'The figure is given as it appears in the original. The fraction, how- ever, should be 3/15. 271 272 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dollars Penns Currcy Specie To Amount brot over from folio 8...90:Izx:I0'= 665.483 /6 178 Sept I 40 pd Capt Isaac Craig in part of his ex- pences at Philadelphia returning, Wagon hire ca p rect............ 7,303 -- 40 pd do Craig bath of said Acco ... 140 4 41 To Carp p Henry Hoglan Express ..... ,oo' 5 42 pd Butler Hart going Express...... 7,041, M 15: 43 pd Edw Murdock as Spye ....... 4,800, - 44 pd Thomas Phelp's Acco. for provisions.. 29,475 25 45 pd John Allan in part for a Rifle Gun for, John Baptist the Indian Chief.......1 goo Omd Augt 46 pd for Subsistance for wounded Soldiers. 8o 8, 1780 47 pd for Liquor for Soldiers on Command..' 315 Nov- 48 pd for Whisky for do at Bakers , 200 1775 --; 49 pd my Expences at Hogs p Voucher . 10,026 feby 10 50 pd Express to the County Lieut of Berkley soo 12 51 pd for lo Quire of paper..... 450 -_ i 52 ..pd for three pair of Stockings for Soldiers! 800 34 53 pd Expences at Winchester at Edmond- sons inclug pound; 120" 0"- for N. Ran- l dolph p rect.J 4,941 M 54 pd John Gibson for Sundries furnished at Fort=- = pitt p Acco .... pound; 1302"7"9' 55 pd Capt Robert George in part of his re-i i 6 pd cruiting Act as p his receipt thereon.. 28,550 56 pd do do in part of his pay Abstract as ! p his Rect ... ....... ,427 57 pd Col John Montgomery in part of his I pay p rect..... ..l. 3,800' 58 pd Major Thomas Quirk as p rect on his pay Roll ..........7,32 59 pd Capt Richd Brashear in part of his re-' cruiting Acco as p his receipt thereon. 4,769 '/6 6o ipd Capt John Williams in part of his pay as p rect on his pay Roll ............ 2,771, 6i pd Martin Carney Q Master in part of I his pay p his rect on his pay Roll...' 2,450 62 1pd Jacob Pyatt p order of Capt John Rogers for provisions p Voucher ..... , 5,56o 63 pd Capt John Bailey in part of his Acco for recruiting as p rect there- on. .i x6,087 64 pd John Donne in part of his pay p Rect. 4,584 VIRGINIA DEBTOR TO CLARK 273 Dollars Advanced Joseph Lindsay p rect for purchases in the Commissary De-I! partrnt .......................... 1 i I8,950 Advanced Leonard Helm Superin-! tendt in part of pay p his Rect . 1. \ ,500 Advanced Capt Worthington in part: do p his rect .................... ! 8,898 Advanced Nat. Randolph for publick purposes p rec'.................. ! I115,266 Transferred to fol. IO... pound;X29:13:7Y 1,058,358 Penns Currey Specie To Amount brot over from folio 9.... .. pound;429:13:74= 1,058,358 Advanced William Shannon p his rect for public purposes .... 1,119,558 Advanced John Donne p rect on his Pay Acco.. .9:2:6 see Voucher Ng 64 pound;XI,439:6:1IY4= 2,177,916 Acco. at yr Cr in Nev Ballance on this v.Acco.17 4:7= 23,476 4/ pound; I,456:10:9= 2,201,392 Y6 NoTE: The charges mark'd V the vouchers for them have been lodged in the auditors office in February 1780. as will appear by the auditors cer- tificate. Those charges marked . the vouchers accompany this accot those not marked are taken from entries made in the Books.' ' No explanation can be made for those items marked x. X 65 1 I_ I 66, 67 1 68 l i l V 69 V v 701 !Tc Y6 'A -Y Y6 lo - 274 ILIJANOIS P A10RM4! COLL'ECTIONS bitJINIA ( K 1)U TO C M A . [Clark MW, Va. tate ArchyveO 1778 July ts i I ,"I 2 24fl1 3 X: 4 de s do j Au laJ ' 1 0 121 y40 r; Oar Novr '9 21 O r Deer 2241 4 10 77 19: T 16 17 is 20 zr 22 23 24 26 27 as 29 30 31 31 34 35 37 39 By my dt of this date on Oliver Pollock phie t IAf1itt ifor..... Y my dm y f o, ... d . .C (rlle Ify my do of do ,,.q Jo,,, Rapicault By my d o do .... on J.,, do Hubberdcau,. yn 4ofd. or n. t.(Cerr flry d of do... on . ..Laulpe...... By my d4 of dJo.. on....Datchurut 8y ry do of d, on do o .. Ant Morale.. By ay dI of do .... on do .... Fagott ...... By my do of do.. on do .A.C. Charledie yr my dcof do ... ,on do....Lalt .t.... By my d of do.... on deod . .Ra pfaslt..... ym my do of d. . on do .... Dathburut ... By my do of o .o . on do ... Picard By my do of do .... on dO . . .Dan Murray. B my doof do., ond ....Laffont ...... By my do of do. ... Ql do. ., . d . .J B y do of do, . an do .... Msd Bentley. By my doof do .... on do .... Duplasi ..... By my do of do.... on do.... Motard ... By my do of do .... on do.. . .. Chouteau.. By my d of do .. ond,,., do .... . J e Byrnydoofd o.. ond p ... .Duplasi ..... By mny do of do.... on do.... Pierre Cornia By my do of do.... on do , ,B eron .... By my do of do .... on do .... Val3 ........ IBym ny do of d .... .on do ... Cerri .... By my d of d. on do .. Jos Perault... Bymydoof do....ond ....Vo ........ By my do ofd .... on d. ... Rapault By my doof d w. _ d on d . .. Dahurut ... By my d ofd .... ond .... Deloner ..... By do of do, ... on do, ..Vigo ....... By my do of do .... on do ... Duralde By my do of d. .. on do, . .Motard .. By mny deof do.,.. .on do .... J. P. Perrault y y do of d ....on do.... Vazquez By my do of do ..on.do, .-Duplasi y any do of do ..on do. . ..Sarpy . Transferred to folio 2 ,.... Dlollars 45201 51s6.10 239!80 1,273 337 738-60s 7,100 2,789 657 11461 8,6 IG 66oj s I60 xx6 67o.0o 7,136.60] 431,SQ x,68o 1240 5(0 5`00 6,81 S`oo 920.20 8,77640' 823 2,391 521 921 22S.20 1,040 ,357.2W 184t 7r,022-4 Z,000 964.6o 7 I I I I I I I I , III- k -I-M-I1111 11 111, I......... 630-60 ;6 - 36,97 VIRWJAI CkE11TOR T0LAK 25 778 ByAn roer from I olo t . e 20' 4 BY MJOn O'. 6 r of wt 4tes favr Dan Muray fr- ........r. . Jan .4 yd .d. P ra b 42By doto. dt Cap' Jans.. 1 v 444da Ps '.cdM tmr_4_. R F 246' ny Ca C d.,r 7sv ,7,, 448 4R m dondr. Pasty.. ,6_0 S 3'ymyd Io J4icl ....... a7 r ifpound; g Br my an ., e Lup ......r 59 Apri 5i Xymy do on ,d... Lafo say17715 4 7Bymy0coa-7.Pee PGa 67F 20 i53 1Bym d oa-.... .... F. Tfot 220 40I 54B MY........ 3F134 d" r..... -...... 311401 July T7 55 (B t''d he ..Trea srer a Iir a. P Legzas,.yDd.. . Aufft 7 ' dj;16y my, on7,. AP--Ben Mlay 2 57 j0y my do,, on ........ d- . . , .Hu.........rau 27 58"yydoon.- o.JobC GiaUftJ ;0a fl SyBmy deo - d--ai Male ... 8i 61 By myd ..P Ca or.eF. ... C.a ife 300 a5 6 Bm d.... Ataie Pe 'c 26E; 63 4Bm a.08. Mk 27 6 4 y y y 7oot iver o.t avA Bi-F Jun I" 6 ' Biny Ia rasurc fVignaaa 1 Louis Lecompi -------S 2 66 rjSy 0 4.P'r n 67y P tuydou..-d.M Pa r1 69 LBj md)..... rtit(ayF 76B Ty eisa d... 7_7 r-Carty.r.. t2 76 B my do. R-.. a-r C 1 7 71 my w on...d t. Virgo a C 7'3m my d on.. X'g ..... 73 . Lmadroix4 47, 4kavmaa ' 23 74 'Bymy- doa. 4 .. . .Rapka t ug 3 '7 Ay my da n. d. e1 41-23 BRy Cash rcv4 freo ne aat i January 3 I71 VC ... , rkvd-ree from do in Nfay 7 Coo Montgoery 94- De .,.... 5 the Pt oI these Bills ' Legra.. c a zi Ml' Nathans P ssaessio- Tra rred toa..F i 'TiTs is the figre givea in te igat but the "Crret t1a5' 47 276 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 1779 Dollars By Amot of Cr brought forward from folio 8 105,557 80 Dec 14 By Bill on the Treasury favr Colo John Todd 10,013 --By do.... Thomas Phelps.2,666 4/ By do ..... Henry Smith .5,417 3/ 231By do.... Rich Chenoweth .1,193 26 lBy do.... Evan Hinton .1,33 3 26 1780 --IBY do ..... James Batey ............... 1,333 /6 Jany xg By do. .... Marsham Brashiar......... 1. ,333 2/6 22 By do.. .. Peter Sturgus ............. 1,333 2/6 28 By do..... Henry Holdman ............ 1 ,3331 FebY 9 By do... .. Henry French ........ ...... 6oo - - -IBy do............. WilliamPope . .2,O000 -- -dBy do . ................. .............. 2,000' - 17 Bydo............. Thomas Phelps.. 53 3 4/ 2aoBy do............. Squire Boon . . 1,3331 l6 2o0By do............. Evan Hinton.. s oo Mar. 28 By do on do favr Ch' Myn Thruston ...... ....... pound; I00o"0"- --By do .... Simon Triplet... pound; 2568"9"6 --By do .... Charles West.... pound;573"17"6 --By do .... John Smith. pound; 746"13"6 - By do ... . Charles Dean.... pound; 288"o"- --Bydo .d... Levin Powell.... pound; 4,771"8"- 9,948"8"6====1 33,161 6 Ap! 25 By Cash recd of Colb Todd p John Rogers.... 3,333 Y6 1781 By Cash pound;405,ooo Equal to - 1,350,000 00 Jany By 13 Bills of 750 Dollars each drawn on the] Treasurer for the Recruiting Service dated FebY 9th Mar ist 8o 9,750, Transferred to fol. 9 . . 1,534,7261I/61 Specie - Penns Currcy 178! By Amount of Cr brot over from folio 9 .1,534,7261 V6 July 27 By my Bill on Treasurer favr Jno. Gibson Mercht for pound; 1419"I6"9 Oct i5 By my d9 fav. Capt Isaac Craig ...... 36"14"- Transferred to folio Io. .pound; I1456:Io:9'= 1,534,726 V6 Penns Currcy Specie By Amot of Cr. brought over from Fol. 9 pound; 1456:I0:9= 1,534,726 V6 178I By Cash recd of Capt Cherry last June 1781 pound;200,000.. 666,666 4/ pound; 1456:I0:9= 2,201,392 56 'The fraction should be 3/I0, but the above figure is given in the original. NORTHWESTERN ACCOUNTS 277 VIRGINIA, NORTHWESTERN TERRITORY (Account of expenses incurred by the conquest protection of the Northwestern territory, due from the United States to Virginia, From February, 1777, to August, 1784.) Vol. I. [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] General George R. Clarke- For Cash advanced him at different times upon Account for the use of Public expenditures in the Illinois De- partment; Viz: 1778 January 3. To Cash upon Account to raise seven Companies of Militia .-. Decembr 15 " Ditto.. upon Acct ............ 1780 January IO...."Ditto .... d9 ..................... 29 ..Ditto.... d . April 8........ Ditto... do...... ... ... Decembr 9rg.. . "Ditto... d . 1785 11781 ] January 19 . . "Ditto ... dO. April 3 ........ 'Ditto ... d9 . June 2 ........ Ditto ... d . 23 ........ Ditto ... d9 Bill fav. DI Hart.... 1782 April 27. To Cash in Specie upon Account 1 for building Boats ..........5 1783 May 22.. June 19.. Decembr 1I779 June 24. October -Cpound; 1200- . 10,000" 900- 67,47-" 6oo-" 400,000-"1 200,000- 36,ooo- 66o- 4 300 0 _ 6 1666 1 3 4 42 21 8 7 44 1533 8 5 6o 10 0 0 75 66 13 4 75 5333 6 8 1oo 2000 0 250 .. 144 0 - 250 ...2 12 10 Specie 50-"- .... . Ditto ... d. do .............. 60-" ........ Ditto .. . d for his attendance c on the Geni Assembly respect- ing the Officers Merni c .... 25" 4- 18. ..." Ditto..d9.... c.............. 4 2-- Capt John Rogers- To Cash upon Account for the use of the Illinois Department .7,200 2!. , " Ditto. d................ 6,ooo 1780 Novr 25 ......... Ditto ..... d 178 I Decembr i8.. Ditto ...... d9 deduced from pay 1783 June i9......... Ditto Specie on account for his] attendance c: on the Gen! As- semblyrespect the Officers Memi 1779. Herman Consellea.- July. .;. To Cash on account as Express to Illinois.. . ............. 1,200 40,000 25. .4- f0y "-" 177 4 - 20 360 0 0 28 214 6 6 74 x6 4- 4 '000 pound;40 25 4 21 4 15 3 11915 17 3 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS John Dodge', Indian Agent ComY For Cash advanced him for various purposes in the Illinois Depart- ment, - June 26. To Cash upon Account .............. 5,4040s0-" July 19 Ditto.. ditto. 6I,ooo-" 11915 17 3 250 - -20 0 - 400 152 I0 1779 Novembr 8 1780 JanY...1 May 8.... June. 7.... 17.... August ..4 .... Septembr IrI .... 1781 jany .... 20.... FebY .... 20.... March 22.... June 23... August... 7... Septembr 1782 October 14 .. .... 4. CoIQ George Slaughter-2 For Cash advanced him upon ac- count for public use in the Illinois dept To Cash upon Account............ Ditto ... ditto ..................... Ditto ... ditto .................... Ditto ... ditto .................... Ditto ... ditto .................... Ditto ... ditto .................... Ditto ... ditto .................... Ditto ...ditto p bill fav. JnO Fervor .Ditto ... ditto Sundries ............ ,Ditto ... ditto.Jas. Meriweather.... . Ditto ... ditto. Geo. Wilson ........ .Ditto ... ditto S Triplet........... 2730 ] . Ditto . . . ditto favr Jos Saunders favr W'1 Pope 575 Ditto ... ditto fav. Jas Meriweather Ditto ... ditto ..RichO Barbour ..... Ditto ... ditto in JanY 1780 ...... Ditto ... ditto .................... 1783 Decembr 12. .Ditto . ..Ditto . . Ditto . . Ditto ... Specie ... pound;6.12.2 ... do ........ 15.6.I0 ... do....... 13-13-x5- ... do .I0.5..7. Capt Linctot- For Cash advanced him on acct for 1750 the use of the Illinois Departmt- FebY..7 To Cash upon Account. March Io .. Ditto.. ditto. 22 .... Ditto ...... ditto . 29- Ditto ...... ditto. 45 is 14079 19 14079 19' 127-"- 38 .12. 30005-- 305.1I4 6 45 2 z6 5 50 0 15 5 50 6o 0 _ 50 6 2 3 'A biographical sketch of John Dodge will be found in Cahokia Records, xcv ff.; see also Kaskaskia Records, 104, note x. 2 For Col. George Slaughter, see ante, i98, note x. 278 36 625 42 . . 7- -6o 47- -65 90 -65 28 70 42 72 ..10 22,500- 300.- 2,851. 4 5,914.4 1 835.8 3 000-f 750-"1 219-" 35,749.8 I 950- 240- 8 574- 3 305-" 360- 900-1' 17,206 6 502 75 -8o 90 250 250 .. 2. 446. 21 0 34 0 _ 3. - 10. 5 '9 9 4 9 17 2 8 4 .x8 5 .17.. 4 13 4 19 2 5 7 12. 2 4 9 10 - 13 - 16 2 500 ... 6 500 14 600 1 42 409 42 154 I NOR THWESTERN A CCO UNTS 178i Septr 21.... Ditto .. ditto . 3000-"- 1780 Colb Le Gras- FebY.7. To Cash upon accot. 63-" M ar: 8 ... Ditto ...... D9..................2500-" 22- .. Ditto ...... Do .................. 5000-"- 1783 May 25. To Cash in Specie............... 50-"- 1778 Capt Robert Todd- Decr 25 To Cash upon accot to recruit for the Illinois Expedition .750-" 1778 Capt Thomas Quirk- Decr 26 To Cash upon accot for the Illi- nois Expn . .................. 73.8.- 1779 FebY l ... Ditto.. ditto................. 300- 1780 Mar: 4.. 1780 Mar: 22 1780 Mar: 20 1781 June 26. Septr 14 Ditto.. ditto.. 366.12- Anthony Gamelin- To Cash upon Account as Indian Agent in the Northern departmt 0ooo0-" Dorsey Penticost-1 To Cash upon Account for the sub- sistance of Capto JnO Roger's Troops .......... ...... 7500-"- Thomas Bentley.-2 To Cash on Acct ............... 5000-"- Ditto .. d9 .ioooo"- 600 ..5 0 0 45 --I 8 0 50 50 11 0 50 100 0 - __ 50 0 - 6 125 0 0 6 12 4 8 10 30 0 50 7 6 8 50 20 0 - 50 150 0 - 250 20 0 - 600 z6 13 4 1780 Major George Walls.- August Io. To Cash on Account. . . .pound; 30,000-"- deduct for so much p] Capt Wm Cherry paymt to Col Crockets regt.. .. 24,533-"-" Balance expended for the use of the Illinois departmt.... 14737 16 .10 '4737 x6 5,367-" 70 76 13 5 'Dorsey Penticost, a Virginian who had settled in Westmoreland County, Pa., in 1769, moved to the Youghiogheny River region in 1777 and became judge of Washington County. As county lieutenant in 1778 he gathered troops for Clark's expedition to the Illinois coun- try. He died in x8o2. Thwaites and Kellogg, Dunmore's War, IOI-I02, note 47. For a biographical sketch of Thomas Bentley, see Cahokia Records, xcv ff., and Kasf kaskia Records, xvii ff. 279 10 ,1 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 1783 Monsr Carbonneaux- April 24 To Cash on Account. 1780 James Fr1 Moore,' ComY Gen) in the Illinois dept Septembr 29 To Cash upon Acct as Commissary 5 in the Illinois departmt ....... Octobr 5 ... Ditto .... ditto ...................... Decr i8.... Ditto .... ditto ...................... ... Ditto .... ditto. 1785 FebY .6 Ditto .... ditto bill in fav. J. Bisen April 7.... Ditto .... ditto Hugh Faber . 12.... Ditto . . . . ditto J S Triplett 1937.10:0o Jas Sullivan: 20000 Ypound;21937-10.0 30 10,000 20,900 29,703 300000 72 138 73 286 75 382 75 4000 6 - 14 --2 0 - 540 go 6 15 40.8 500 - - -0 8 30,937" 10" 1780 William H. Cavendish.- May 8. To Cash upon accot p Andrew Don- 1 elly to purchase provisions for the L of the Militia embodied against f the Indians .................... 7,000-" Novr 7.. To Ditto ..for balance of his ac- count as ComM of Green= briar Militia stationed on the Frontiers ..... 4,1018"19"2 1781 Daniel Clarke- June 26 To Cash on accot in part paymt of 5 Certain Bills of Exchange ..... 000 1780 August 1781 April June Decr 10 20..... 25.... 26..... 22 .. Evan Baker,2 deptY QtrMaster.- To Cash upon accot as Qr Mas- 2 ter for the Illinois Departrnt. 5 50,000-" Ditto .... ditto. 5o,ooo-" Ditto .... ditto. 155" 10 Ditto . ... ditto ..pound; 67,590-"-" ------- Ditto . ... ditto .... 32541.16.11 pound; 100,131.16.11 1oo 309" I 7" 6 50 140 74 554 1 For James Francis Moore see Kaskaskia Records, 421, note lo, Cahokia Records, index. 2 Evan Baker and his father, Isaac Baker, had moved from Maryland to settle in the Holston River region near the Virginia-Tennessee border line. In the latter period of the Revolution Evan Baker was commissary of Washington County, Virginia. Kellogg, Fron- tier Retreat, 193-194, note 2. 280 250 20 0., - 20683, 5-, [2] 20683" 5 2 70 714 6. 7 100 250 250 500 - - .__ _ 12. 5 6 2 ; NORTH WESTERN ACCOUNTS Deduct for sundries not expended for the use of the Illinois Departmt. .. 70,255.x6.1I 29,876- 1000 Joseph Martin,' Indian Agent.- zo, To Cash upon Account as Agent to the Indians. 13.... Ditto... . d. 17.... Ditto.. .... do....... io.... Ditto.. .... d) 21.... Ditto.. .... d . 22.... Ditto.. .... d . 500-"1 773. 6. 7 500-"- 4800- - 10,000- 22 --22 14" 36 --21" 9"1 7= 1= -65 -12" 6" 2= -90 --5 1 I- 800 --6" O" 800 --12.' 10. 1782 Novembr 9.. .. Ditto .... Specie.. .do ...pound; IOO. 1 1783 JanY . 7.... Ditto .... d.. d . i8o. 1778 Capt Rowland Madison-2 Decembr B. . To Cash upon accot for the use 1780 of the Illinois Department... Decembr 22.. .. Ditto.. .... d9 . 1781 March 1781 April July Decr 1779 FebY. .5, 1778 Decb z6 280 0" 100 500,000" 28.... Ditto. do.........400,000 William Harrison- I I... To Cash on Account ............. 300000 30.... To ..Dq. .do.pound;+400,000 4-- Deduct for so much Cash returned of the above to the Treasurer... 243,660-" 56340 Coll John Montgomery- To Cash upon Accot to recruit men for Illinois Expedition ....... 5 3000-" James Buchanan- To Cash on Accot for procuring 1 provisions for use of the Illinois Departmt J 2266-" 6 i6 1 3 4 75 6666 13" 4 90 4444' 8" It 100 3000" 0 400 390" 17" 36928" 41" 9' 36928 4 9 10 300 0 - 6 376 1 3 4 'For General Joseph Martin, see ante, i , note 2. 2Rowland Madison was the son of John Madison, who was first cousin of the father of the president, and the younger brother of James, first bishop of Virginia. He came to Kentucky at an early day. Thwaites and Kellogg, Dunmore's War, 280, note 98; Kellogg, Frontier Advance, 276, note x. aFrom this point the totals obtained by adding the items do not check with those given in the original. 28i 1779 August Novr 1780 June 1781 March. Novr ILLINOIS HISTORICdL COLLECTIONS 1779 FebY 5 ... Ditto .. dQ. 1778 John Todd- Decembr I8 To Cash on Accot of the Illinois Dept. Ditto. ditto.................. 1779 Ditto ...... ditto. October 2I Ditto. itto ... ditto. .... Ditto. ditto . William Shannon, Conductor- To Cash on Accot as Conductor in ye Illinois Jacob Myers ...... ...DQ.do James Sullivan . Do ...... d0 John Philips .... ........ Do ...... do.. John Byars .... ......... I7 .DIQ d. W Pope . James Sullivan 3000 20.. D. do James Wright 4000 Ja. Vameter 72000 Aq. Whitaker 2300-8 Mar.. x... DQ 2...D9 23. .DI April I2..D9 June I... D 15. .DQ 2500-9 I0 250 0 1 50-"- " 200-2 - 250-"-" 1000-"_9 - 1366.6- 4765-" 3000-" 675-" 5,239 19- 655-o o I08,1 8" I ...... d John Hundly ............ 737-" ...... Q d9Wm Pope .............. 2787-" ...... d9 Ths. McGee........... 6oo0-" ...... ... Sundries ............ 54,299" I-" ...... .djames Wright .4,000 ...... d9 Th Doudle...... ....... 1500 6 25 6 33- 6 41 28 35 6 8 '3 4 I4 3 60 22 15 5 73 65 5 6 75 40 0 75 90 0 - 80 65 9 II 80 8 3 9 -8o 1353 15 I- 90 8 3 9 90 30 19" 4 90 66 13 4 100 543 - - 250 i6 0 - 250 6 0 - 40206" I8" 5 1782 Octobr I779 Novr 10. 1780 5- .D. d9 Jacob Myers............ 4,482- Capt Jesse Evans- To Cash upon Account to recruit Men to serve in the Illinois Departmt io,ooo-" 26. Ditto ........do.......... d . 2,13 5-" Henry Smith, ComY 14 To Cash upon Accot for the use of Washington Militia ordered to Kentuckey . . 1000-"" Ditto. d . in September last 63.4- 23. Ditto ...... d.... ................... 4152.1.9 36 277" 15 6 65- - 32" 7" 6" i,66 I3" 4 6 I0 I0" 8 20 207"1 12" I N. B. A Bill in favour of Colo Legrass was presented to the Commis dated Feby 2, 1779, for 1752 the 2d Set Legrass says is in Mr Nathans hands. this Bill is not on Gen! Acct but one of the same tenor date in favour of Carlo Charleville No 46. which we su'pose to be the same.- 282 1781 April 8. 1780 Octobr 5 1781 JanY 20. FebY 6. June 1778 Decr 1779 June BILLS DRAWN ON VIRGINIA 283 A GENERAL STATE of the Amount of Bills drawn by the Officers of the Illenois depart- ment, on the Credit of the State of Virginia, is as follows. viz. Amount of Bills drawn by General Clark as appears by his Books - - - - - - - - - Amount of Bills drawn by Mr William Shannon as pr his List in 1779 - - - - - 5 l Amount of Bills drawn by William Shannon after the first January 1780 as p his List - - 5 Amount of Bills drawn by ColQ George Slaughter as pr his Lists - - - - - - - - 5 Amount of Bills drawn by William Lynn as pr List No 5 - - - - - - - - Amount of Bills drawn by David Rodgers as pT Leist N9 6 -- N9 6- - - - - - - - - - - - - Amount of Bills drawn by John Montgomery as prList -- - - - -- - Amount of Bills drawn by Robert Elliot - - - - drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by drawn by Isaac Collier - - - - - - - - Stephen Gooding - - - - - - Richard MI Carty- William Gillaspie- - - - Alexander Henderson - - Perault - - - - - - - - - - I B Bacon - - - - - - - - Jean Pieto - - - - - - - - Powree Mr Serpey- - - - - - - - Jas Robinson - - - - - - - Robert Dunn - - - - - - - - - Amount of Bills, Orders c drawn by Leonard Helm - - - Ditto drawn by Robert George--- - - - - Total dollars Dollars 146,400 97,827 pound; S D. 434,1 i6 148,920 6,236 4,633 25,161 607 1.096 707 4.000 235 58 50 46 100 759 x6o 1.503 27 Y5R 3/8 V., 2/8 2/8 2 A6 V2 3 5 6 2 Specie 289,607 - - - - 1,492 - 242-740 53 3.839' pound; 583.036 9 7 'This figure does not check with the total obtained by adding the items given. I)itto - - - Ditto--- Ditto ---- I)itto --- Ditto--- I)itto - - - Ditto - - - Ditto - - - Ditto -- - I)itto - - - Ditto - - - I)itto - - - 284 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS PAY ROLL OF CAPTN JOSEPH BOWMANS COMPANY OF INFANTRY OF THE ILLINOIS- VIRGINIA REGIMENT. COLONEL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK, COMMANDER August 8, 1778 to December I4, 1778 [Clark MSS., Va. State Archives.] NAMES Joseph Bowman Abmu Kellar Abrm Chapline Daniel Durst Isaac Kellar James Brown John Hoosard Abm Miller Curnelus Ruddell Willm Montgomery Tilman Camper Saml Humphres Geo: Levenstone Chas MCGlochland Peter Coager Jacob Coger James Whitecotten Philip Long Thos Chlifton Wm Berrey James Bentley John Bentley Michael Setser John Setser Joseph Anderson Henry Funk George King James Curr (torn) Flandegin (torn) Barney Waters Philip Orben James Holmes Peter Blaine Patrick Conray Peter Brazer James M intosh Abr Lewzader James Cox Michael Senkler Geo: Waise Rank Served in When In- When dis- pay pr listed Charged No of Month into the out of the days Sub Service. Service they sistance 1778 1778 served Dollars Captn Augt 8 Lieut do- - Ensign do--- Sargt Majr do- - Sargt do-- Sargt do-- Sarg do- - Private do--- do- - do- - do- - - do--- do--- - do- - - do--- - do- - do--- do--- do--- do- - do--- do--- do--- - do- - - do- - do---- - do- - - do--- do- - - do- - do- - - do- -- do --- d--- - do--- - do--- do--- do--- do- - do--- do--- do- - - do--- do- - - do--- - do- - - do--- - do--- do--- do- - - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do--- do- - do--- - do- - do--- - do- - do--- - do- - do- - - do- - do- - do- - Augt 14 do- - Sept 23 do-- Decm 14 do --- do --- do- -- do- -- do- -- do- - - do- - do- - do- - do- - - do- - do- - do- - - do- - - do- - - do- -- do- - do- - - do- -- do- -- do- - - do- -- do- -- do- -- do- -- do- -- do- -- do- -- do- - do- - do- - do- do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - do- - 128 6o 128 362/3 128 30 128 t0 128 10 128 10 128 I0 I28 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/i 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 63/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 63/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 63/3 128 62/3 128 63/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 62/3 128 63/3 128 62/3 128 63 128 62/3 128 62/3 122 62/3 -82 62/3 This is to Certify that the above Payrolle is Just True pound; 510 19 101 Jos BOWMAN, G R CLARK 1 There is a discrepancy between the figure given in the original and that obtained by totaling the separate items which is not accounted for by the amount to be substituted where the manuscript is torn. Virginia Currencv pound; S - - -76 16 - - -46 I8 ---38 8 12 I6 - - -12 I6 - - -I2 i6 - - -12 I6 ---8 io ---8 10 ---8 I0 ---8 I0 --8 I0 ---8 io ---8 10 ---8 Io ---8 I0 ---8 ro ---8 1o ---8 Io --8 io ---8 io - --8 lo -- -8 l0 --8 10 ---8 I0 --8 I0 ---8 I0 ---8 10 - - - -(torn) --8 10 ---8 I0 ---8 Io ---8 10 ---8 10 ---8 Io ---8 I0 ---8 io ---8 Io ---8 r0 ---8 2 5 9 D 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 This page in the original text is blank. ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS PAY ROLL OF CAPTAIN EDWARD WORTHINGTONS COMPANY OF CAVALRY OF MANDER. July I 7, 1778 to June I I 779 - - -_ [Clark NISS., Va. No the names of the Company when entered in service 1778 I Edward Worthington Capt July - -17 2 John Gerault Lt - - - - -July 17 3 Francis Charliville Cornt - July - -17 4 Shadrach Bond Sergent - - Augt - 20 5 Pleasant Lockett Sergt - - - Octor - -20 6 William Moires private - - July 17th I7 7 Thomas Moore - - - - - - -Augt 8th 8 8 John Moore - - - - - - - - -Augt - - 8 g William Marshal - - - - - -Ditto 9 1o Jonas Manefey - - - - - - -July - -27 I I Armestead Dudley - - - - - July - -27 12 Joseph Durnow - - - - - - -Augt -_ 4 13 Daniel Blewen - - - - - - -Augt - I 14 Edward Murrey - - - - - - -Augt - 9 I5 William Ryley - - - - - - -Augt - -23 I6 Frances Contraw - - - - - - Augt - -23 17 John Leveridge - - - - - - -Decmr __II IS Daniel Boalton - - - - - - -Sepr - -17 I9 Joseph Pelter - - - - - - - -Novr - -13 20 Michel Compo ------ - -Octor- - 2I James Kincade - - - - - - -Novem I2 22 Samuel Perkins - - - - - - -Augt - 9 23 James Drumgold Sergt - - -April 3 24 William Drinkwater Do - - May - -20 25 William Paine - -- - - - - -April 3 26 Frances Comprey - - - - - - May - - 8 27 Frances Lafarlow - - - - - -May - - 8 28 John Gaines - - - - - - - - - April 12 29 Isaac Booth - - - - - - - - -Ditto 12 3o Ricd McDeade - - - - - - - -Ditto 13 31 Samuel Wadkins - - - - - - Ditto 14 37 James Sharlock - - - - - - -Ditto 3 Pearce Martin Jackway Lecase James Green William Lickledg William Prescott Pay Roole I Capt Worthington No. 4 W. May May May Aug April when No. of pay Discharged Days p Day June March FebruY Octor April April March Ditto April May Decem: March Sepr June Augt June April June Decemr March June April June June June June June June Ditto Ditto Ditto May 2 June 2 June 9 June 8 April II June It 319 CO, 4tb 231 5 203 O 20 6i I i63 I 267 ( 4th 2i8 g 4th 2i8 S ISt 235 6 284 Il th 137 4 --212 8 --39 Ist 293 30 7 1st - -271 Ist III I - -257 26 44 4th 35 jst 201 It 234 Ist "58 ,St -II 1 58 Ist 23 1 23 I 49 I 49 I 48 I 47 20 17 I 29 I 29 I 22 I 235 I 50 [I0/ a 6/8 1 5/4 3/ 3/ 1/8 /8 1/8 1/8 I/8 1/8 3/8 i/8 i/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 3/ 3/ I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 I/S I/8 I/8 I/8 I/8 i/8 I/8 i /8 286 33 34 35 37 CAPTAIN WORTHINGTON'S PaY ROLL 287 THE ILLINOIS-VIRGINIA REGIMENT, COLONEL GEORGE ROGERS CLARK, COM- State Archives.] subsistance money Dead or Deserted pound; Amount 20 Doll pr month-- xo Doll1 p Month- - 1o Doll p month--- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - I - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dc - - - - Dead - - - !serted - - - Deserted--- - - - - - - - - - -- - --Deserted - - - - - - - - - - - -- ---Deserted-- - - - - - - - - - - -- ---Deserted -- - 764 7 - FORT CLARKE June 17th 1779 Then Rec from Col George Rogers Clark the above amount of seven Hundred Sixty Four Pounds Seven Shillings Current Money of Virginia EDW WORTHINGTON Cap _-- Test- JOHN HAWKINS 223" I6 8 4 4 8 4 4 4 --4 ,, 8 4 4 4 ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, 4 4 8 8 5 pd X - - 100'' 74" 9 - - 24 - - 22 - - 8 - - i - - 19 - - 23 - - II" - -I3 - - 24 - II" - 22 9" 21" 3 2 7 - 19 8" I, 4 - I" - I" 4 4 4 3 t- orn 2 2 I, - 19 4' 2 3 9 5 3 3"1 II 3" 8" ' 3!" 5 --3 8 II,, S" 8" 23" xS 1 10 14 13 10 I8" I8" I" I,, 18" "8 8" I6" II" 3' 4 4 "4 8 8- 4 I0 288 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS PAY ROLL OF CAPTAIN JESSE EVANS' COMPANY OF INFANTRY OF THE ILLIN MANDER December 29, 1778 to the Expiration of time of Services [Clark MSS., Va. Names Jesse Evans - Antony Crockett William Campbell- William Perie - - - - - - - - - John Slaughter - - - - - - - - Andrew Clark - - - - - - - - Lewis Walters - - - David Fannen - - - - - - - - - James Mayfield- - - - - - - - Isaac Mayfield - - - - - - - - Michaja Mayfield- Elisha Mayfield - - - - - - - - John Brown - - - - - - - - - - Low Brown - - - - - - - - - - John Lasley - - - - - - - - - - Richard Chapman- Abenezor Maid - - - - - - - - John Bennet - - - - - - - - - - Robert Smith - - - - - - - - - William Cheek - - - - - - - - James Rise - - - - - - - - - - Joshua Hollis - - - - - - - - - John Patterson - - - - - - - - Rank Commencment Capt.. Decr 29tb I' Lieut. Ditto 29 78 Ensign March 29 79 Sergeant Feby 20.79 Ditto Jany 4:1779 Ditto Ditto 4 78 Private Ditto 4 79 do-- Jany 6--79 do --- Jany 6--79 do--- do 7--79 do--- do 7--78 do --- do 7--79 do --- do 7--79 do --- do 7--79 do--- do 7--79 do --- do 29--79 do--- do 29 79 do --- Feby 7- -79 do --- Feby 28 79 do--- Feby 28 79 do--- Feby 29 79 do --- April 5 79 do --- April 5 79 Time of Service Ending Months days 778Jully 13 Jully 13 August July 13 July 13 July 13- January March 3( July 13 do 13 do i3 do 13 do 13 do 13 do 13 do 13 Decemr I March Ditto 3 Octr 19 March 3 July 13 July 13 1780 i8 1780 18- I4:79 4- 8o i6 80 18 --- - So I8-- 13 :80-IZ o 79 I 8o 18 80 18-- 80 18 8o 18 80 18 80 118 80 18 80 1 7 I0: ..79 I0 3 . 79 t 3. 79 I 79 7- 3 79 1 3 0 I5- 380 IS ' 5 ' 5 x6 22 9 9 9 2 5 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 Is5 112 25 19 1 7 8 8 CAPTAIN EV'ANS' PAY ROLL OIS-V7IRGINIA REGIMENT State Archives.] Amount of pay Dollars Virginia Curren( pr Month pound; S D -- - 50 3 1 2/3 25 8 8 -- - - / 6 - 63 - - --6 2/3 - - --6 2/3 - - ---6 2/3 - - ---6 2/3 - - ---6 2/3__ ---6 2/3 - ---6 2/3 - ---6 2/3 - ---6 313 - - ---6 2/3 - - ---6 2/ - - ---6 2/ - - ---6 2/3 - - ---6 2/3 - - ---6 2/3 - - 277 '7.5. -34- -40- 43- .43. -24 -3 36. 36. 3.6- 36.- 3.6- 3.6.- 36.- 35- -20- 3- 2- I.5- -3- -30- -30 10- 14 0 3 9 9 12 '3 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 x6 13 5 5.- -10- -10- 0 .0 4 4- 41 49 41 4. 4 4- 4r 8. 8 LIEUTENANT COLONEL JOHN NIONTGOMERY COM- in Casualties Warrt for Bale delivd Colo Christian March 12: 1784- - Resigned the I4 of August 1779 Discharged dd D B /5 ditto Do 15 ditto Do Ditto Do J Quartered March the 30th 1779 dd D B Discharged ditto dd D B ditto Do ditto Do ditto Do ditto Do ditto Do ditto Do Killed Decemr loth 3779 dd D B i Disarted March the 30th 1779 Do N Ditto March 30th 1779 Do Killed 19th Octbr 1779 Do i Disarted March the 30th 1779 Do Discharged Do ditto Do 289 CHAPTER X JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS NOVEMBER I, I782- JULY I, 1783 FIRST MEETING OF COMMISSIONERS AT HARRODSBURG, NOVEMBER I, 1782- RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMISSIONERS ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF FORTS DECEMBER 23-MISAPPLICATION OF FUNDS OR STORES-REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMISSIONERS, FEBRUARY 17, 1783-SITUATION AT FORT NELSON MARCH 24, 1783-THE STATE NOT OBLIGATED TO HONOR BILLS DRAWN BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSONS -BILLS TO BE PAID ACCORDING TO THE ILLINOIS SCALE OF DEPRECIATION-DOCTOR CONNARD, SURGEON TO THE ILLINOIS TROOPS, JUNE 19, 1783 -AMOUNTS DUE CLARK. APPOINTMENT OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, December 20, 1781 [Draper MSS., 2ZZ86.-A. L. S.] ' Decr 20. I78I. SIR I was favoured a few days ago with a letter from the Executive inclosing a resolve of the House of Delegates of June ye 2i0t im- powering the Executive to call to Account all persons concerned in the disbursement of public monies, who have been or ar in service in the Western country, belonging to this State c: likewise an order of Council of Decr ye 7th 1781. appointing Wm Fleming in the room of Col: Wm Christian to carry into execution the above resolution of Assembly, and for liquidating all claims whatsoever which any person or persons in that Western country may have against the State, those resolves were accompanied with a letter informing me the Gentlemen to act in conjunction were Col9 Wm Preston Col: Sam! McDowal Col: Thos Marshall and that it was expected by consulting with each other a day might be fixed on, to meet at the Falls of the Ohio before the first of march next. and afterwards to adjourn to such place or places as a majority shall find expedient 2 If I am not mistaken when the Legislative made 1 A summary of this letter is printed under date of December 26, 1781, in Calendar of Virginia State Papers, 2:672. ' The men originally appointed on this commission were Colonels William Christian, William Preston, Thomas Marshall and Judge Samuel McDowell. The first two named declined to serve and Colonel William Fleming, brother-in-law of Colonel Christian, and Judge Caleb Wallace were appointed as their successors. 290 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 291 the resolve of June ye 2It they apprehended frauds were committed by persons intrusted in that quarter and that the great distance- from the seat of Government prevented detection. The Executive were authorized to call the delinquents to Justice. This the Executive have Judiciously choose to do by appointing persons on the spot to examine the validity of each claim. On this supposition that the Legislative intended to bring to light any Frauds that may hitherto have taken place, or to introduce a reform in the disbursements of that department. Your Excellency will pardon my mentioning the For Colonel Thomas Marshall, see ante, 124, note I. Judge Samuel McDowell was born in Pennsylvania but removed with his parents to Virginia in 1737 when he was two years of age. He was captain of a company of militia from Augusta County at the Battle of Point Pleasant. For a number of years preceding the Revolution he represented that county in the House of Burgesses, and took a prominent place in the pre-revolutionary conventions. He was colonel of a regiment from Augusta County during the Revolutionary War. During 1783, he presided as one of the three judges over the first district court ever held in Kentucky and in 1785 was president of the first convention which was called to consider the separation of Kentucky from Virginia. For a sketch of Colonel William Fleming, see ante, 32, note I. Caleb Wallace was graduated from Princeton and became a preacher in the Presbyterian Church at Cub Creek and Little Falling River in Char- lotte County, Virginia, but later removed to Botetourt County. He was appointed one of the western commissioners. During 1782, he was elected to represent Lincoln County in the Virginia Assembly. The following year he removed to Kentucky, settling on Elkhorn Creek, Fayette County (Woodford). Taking up the practice of law, he was appointed (1783) one of the assistant judges of the Supreme Court in the Kentucky district. He was a member of four, and possibly others of the nine conventions which were held for the consideration of the admission of Kentucky into the Union. When it was admitted, he was chosen judge of the Court of Appeals, holding this office until 1813. March z, 1782 was fixed as the date for the first meeting of the com- mission at Louisville, but it was early in October before they were pre- pared to set out on their journey of 450 miles from Botetourt, Virginia. The distance was covered on horseback in twenty-three days. The first meeting of the commission was held at Harrodsburg, November x, 1782, but so many persons had accompanied Clark on the Shawnee expedition that they adjourned to meet at Lexington on November xI. Numerous difficulties were met in the execution of their task. A num- ber of the creditors had removed from Kentucky, others had died and their papers were in great confusion. Persons from the Illinois country, cited to appear, were much delayed. Having collected all possible evidence, in which they were greatly aided by Clark, they set out for Virginia April r6, 1783, with a "horse-load" of papers. The records of the legislature for many years show frequent petitions against the decisions of the commission. There is said to have been not a single instance in which such a petition was granted. 292 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS powers the Cormiso should be furnished with, as what occurs to me at present to enable them to carry the resolves into effectual execution-I am a Stranger to the instructions Your Excellency and the Hble board have given your deputies but I am no Stranger to the difficulty there will be, in bringing defaulters in that quarter to Justice. at the same time it is a matter of great moment to the peace wellfare of this state, that right should be rendered indi- viduals by persons intrusted by Government- perhaps a neglect on this point has lost us the affections of the Western French, and greatly weakened our interest with the Indian tribes, and may still be attended with greater inconveniences It is a very consider- able trust reposed in your commissr tG liquidate all claims in that quarter They should be allowed a Clerk proper books that every account adjusted by them may be properly entered. copies of which should be transmitted from time to time to the Auditors, Treasurers or where else directed A list of the sums of money advanced to any person, in that department on publick account should be given the Commissioners, and if not finally settled, what part remains unaccounted for, this may prevent double claims for the same service any accounts before the boards not settled should be transmitted them, it might be proper to give the Commissioners in- structions by a table of depreciation or the price of tobacco at differ- ent times, if that is made the medium to reduce contracts in currency to specie. they should be acquainted with the powers vested in Commandants or Indian Agents, in drawing bills, or extending that traffick on the credit of the State, to enable them to detect frauds they should be assisted by the Civil power to send for Witnesses c: otherwise their going out will be only a burthen to the state, and these accounts may be better settled in Richmond. The number of Commissrs that can proceed on business I think is not mentioned. I would infer from the letter I was honoured with, that the whole were required to attend, if so, the business may be stopped either by disapointment in not meeting, Sickness or some other accident. It is a Journey of about 450 miles from Botetourt to the Falls of the Ohio, a great part of the way through an uninhabited desert in- fested with Indian Enemies, the Country there still more dangerous than the road, it would be necessary the Commissioners be provided JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 293 with escorts in their different adjournments- I am willing to obey any Instructions or orders I may receive where I can be of any service to my Country, an infirm state of health makes it very uncertain, whether I will be able to undertake the Journey. a rheumatick complaint that has seized my right arm, renders it diffi- cult for me to express my thoughts on paper. I am with the greatest respect W. F. [WILLIAM FLEMING] YOUR EXCELLENCYS -C. TO THE GOVERNOR. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS, 1782-1783 [Illinois Papers, Vol. 7, Va. State Archives.] HARODSBURG, Friday November Ist. 1782. William Fleming Thomas Marshall Samuel M'Dowell and Caleb Wallace Esqri Being appointed by the Executive Commis- sioners for settling and liquidating Claims in the Western Country, in consequence of a Resolve of the Legislature of the 2ist of June 1781, and a Resolve of the Executive of the 20th of July following, Met at this Place according to Appointment, when their Powers and Instructions, dated January 29th and September 6th 1782, being read; They proceeded to choose John M'Dowell Secretary. The Board then took it into consideration, that as an Expe- dition is now carrying on against our Enemy Indians under General Clark, and most of the Claimants being absent, They could not proceed on business before the Troops returned. They therefore think proper to adjourn and do accordingly adjourn to meet at Lexington in Fayette County on Monday the Eleventh Inst. LEXINGTON Monday November I th I782. The Commis- sioners Met according to adjournment. Present William Fleming Thomas Marshall Saml M'Dowell and Caleb Wallace Esqrs Set- tled several Receipts for Rations furnished the Militia of Green Brier County while on duty here in I78i. Entered in Page 266 as p Vouchers No. I.2. 3 in Bundle A. In Vouchers No. 2 3 The Claiments appear to have boarded more men than specified in the Certificates, but the Officer has returned the whole number of 294 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS rations as if furnished for one. Wrote circular Letters to the County Lieutenants of Fayette Lincoln and Jefferson as in Letter Book No. i. Adjourned till tomorrow morning Tuesday November I2th The Commissioners met according to adjournment and proceeded to business. After settling the Claims of several persons for boarding the Militia of Green Brier County entered in Page 266 as p vouchers No. 4. 5, 6 Bundle A. Adjourned till tomorrow Wednesday November 13th The Commissioners Met according to adjournment and proceeded to business. Being informed that a great quantity of Public Beef c is lodged in the Store at Lexington which is much damnefied and unfit for use Request Levi Todd Robert Todd and William Henderson Gentlemen to inspect the stores in sd. magazine and make a special report of the state they are in to the Board. Adjourned till tomorrow Thursday November 14th The Commissioners met according to adjournment, and proceeded to business. The Gentlemen who inspected the Magazine agreeable to the order of yesterday Report that they found in the Magazine about five or six thousand weight of Beef quite unfit for use by reason of age, and no inattention or neglect of the Commissaries; and about fifty weight of good Tallow. see return No. i Bundle B. The Troops not being returned the Commissioners find they cannot proceed further on business at present Ordered a Letter to be wrote to General Clark to inform him of the arrival of the Commissioners c. see letter Book No. 2- And then adjourned. General Clark having returned from the Expedition against the Indians the Board of Commissioners met at Viney Grove in Lincoln County on Monday the 25th of November 1782. Present William Fleming Samuel M'Dowell and Caleb Wallace, The Board proceeded to look over the several accounts and papers relating to their business. Adjourned till to-morrow morning Tuesday November 26th. The Board Met according to adjournment. Present William Flem- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 295 ing Samuel M'Dowell and Caleb Wallace Directed that circular Letters be wrote to sundry Debtors to the Commonwealth on account requiring them to attend the Board without delay that their accounts may be settled see Letter Book No. 3 adjourned till the 28th Inst. Thursday November 28th The Commissioners met according to adjournment. Present Wil- liam Fleming Samuel M'Dowell Caleb Wallace Esq's Captv Rowland Madison appeared before the Board, and represented that he was not now prepared to settle his accounts with this Common- wealth, For which he assigned the following reasons viz. That his late instructions as Quarter Master Commisary dated 230 Decr 1780. specified that his accounts are to be finally settled with the Board of Auditors. That his Excellancy the Governour has given his Opinion upon the said Instructions dated April I3"' I782. that they Auditors ought to settle the business as it does not appear necessary to send the person imployed to the Commissioners. And that Majr. Patrick Lockhart of Bottetourt as a District Commis- sioner gave him notice to render his accounts to him. And therefore not Expecting to be called on by the Commissioners he left his Ac- counts and Vouchers in Bottetourt County. The Board after hear- ing Capt4 Madison's Reasons and considering their own Instructions and the nature of the Account against Captu Madison referred to them by the Executive. Think proper to require Capt4 Madison to lay his Accounts before them as soon as in his power. Adjourned to meet at Colo. John Bowman's on Monday the 2nd of December next. Monday December 2d met according to adjournment. Present William Fleming Samuel M'Dowell and Caleb Wallace Esqra Colonel George Slaughter appeared before the Board. Directed that the Settlement of his Accounts be deferred untill his Quarter Master and Commissary is also present who he is desired to have before them as soon as possible. Adjourned till tomorrow Morning Tuesday December 3d met according to adjournment. Present as above. The Board Spent the Day in looking over the Papers of Joseph Lindsay late Commissary, which were laid before them by MI" Lindsay. Adjourned till tomorrow Morning 296 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Wednesday December 4th. Met according to adjournment. Present as before. Received by Mr Isaac Hite sundry Papers belonging to Silas Harlin, George Owens and others as pr Receipt delivered see Bundle No. i Iron Bank Papers. The Consideration of which is deferred untill further information can be obtained. Settled a certificate belonging to George AM'Afee for a Steer furnished the Militia of Kentucky in 1780. Enter'd in Page 271 as p Voucher in Bundle E. Directed that a Letter be wrote to Capt9 Robert Todd Executor of Colo. John Todd DecO desiring that his Papers as Escheater with his other public Accounts may be laid before the Board as soon as possible. as in letter Book N-. 4. The Board wrote a Letter to the County Lieutenant of Jefferson with Advertisements inclosed to give Notice of their meeting at the Falls of Ohio the 15th of January next. They also wrote Letters to the Court of Kaskaskias and to Cole Le Gras at St. Vincents, with Advertisements inclosed, to have their meeting on the 15th of January next notified in the Illinois Coun- try, and amongst the Spaniards on that Quarter, as in letter Book N 5. And the Secratary was directed to inclose these Letters to Geni Clark requesting that he would have them forwarded with Dispatch. as in Letter Book N 6 Adjourned till Friday the 6th Inst Friday December 6th met according to adjournment Present .a above William Fleminig Samuel wl- an Caleb Wlallaw EBqv Directed letters to be wrote to Colo. John Montgomery and John Dodge Esqr two of the Debtors to the State. See letter Book No 7 8. adjourned till Monday the 9gh Inst. Monday December 9th met according to adjournment Present ;f abo8 e JUamuFLel 2I-aI Mowe l .a4 Caleb WAl ;6E B_ directed that 4h- Seretary a Letter be wrote to the County Lieutenant of Lincoln requesting him to furnish the Board with a list of all the Pay Rolls and accounts for which he has drawn Money from the Treasury and also a list of those he has paid, see Letter Book No. 9. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 297 adjourned till Thursday the 12th Ins' Thursday December I2th met according to adjournment. Present as before. Ordered that William Gillispy be Summoned to appear before the Board to be examined concerning Bills of exchange drawn by him and in his favour, At this place on Monday the i6th Instant Directed that the Secratary write Colo. John Bowman late County Lieutenant of Kantucky requesting him to furnish the Board with a list of all the Pay Rolls and Accounts for which he has drawn money from the Treasury and also a list of those he has paid see Letter Book No. 9 Adjourned till tomorrow Morning. Friday December 13th Met according to adjournment Present as before. William Gillaspy appeared before the Board and was examined on oath concerning sundry Bills drawn by him in his favour- see deposition N i in Mr Pollocks papers. From which it appears that the Bill drawn by Colo. Montgomery in favour of the said Gilaspy dated June 7th 1779 for 3500 Spanish milled Dollars, was given for about 4000 Dollars paper Currancy and not for sun- dries for the State of Virginia as expressed in the Bill. It also appears to the Board from the Scale of Depreciation for the Illinois Country, that the Bill ought not to have been given for more than 666 2/3, Spanish Milled dollars. Adjourned till to-morrow morning. There appears due to William Morrow for a Hors lost on an Expetion against the Indians two pounds fifteen four pence half penny Specie, as p Voucher entered in Page 256 also forty Shillings Specie for Horse hire on Sd Expedition Entered in ditto. There appears due Robert Bowmer as p Voucher recd two pounds Six Shillings one penny Three farthings Specie for a Horse lost in an Expedition against the Indians, entered in Page 256. Monday December 230 Met according to adjournmt. Present as before There appears due to William Morrow as p Voucher received the depriciated value of one hundred and Eighty pounds in July 1780 for a Horse lost on an Expedition against the Indians. also forty shillings specie for the hire of a Horse on sd Expedition. entered in Page i63- There appears due to Robert Bowmer as p Voucher 298 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS received the depriciated value of one hundred and fifty pounds in July 1780 for a Horse lost on an Expedition against the Indians, entered in Page i63- The Board wrote the following Letter to the Executive Dated December 23d 1782 SIR We received your Excellancys favour of the i6th of October by Mr Netherland Novr 24th and yours of the 4th of Novr by Colo. Buford the i8th Inst and shall pay due attention to their contents- Geni Clark has consulted the Board with regard to erecting Posts at the Mouths of Kantucky Licking Limestone, in consequence of your Excellancys orders to him on maturely considering the affair, We are of opinion that a Fort at the Mouth of Kantucky would be of great service to the Country and may be more easaly supported than one at Licking, that a Fourt at the mouth of Licking would not be an effectual security to the Inhabitants of Fayette as it is more than 6o Miles distance from them the Indians not being oblidged to come that way, they may penetrate into the Country without the Garrison having it in their power either to prevent them or warn the Inhabitants of their danger that to the greater part of the Enemy Indians the mouth of Kantucky is more immediately in their course, and a Fort there would cover the Inhabitants of Jefferson Lincoln Fayette to more advantage than either of the others proposed--and by it the watter carrage from the Ohio to the internal parts of both the Counties of Lincoln Fayette would in some measure be sup- ported, Drenings Salt Lick a place of great consequence would be commanad by it which would greatly distress the Enemy as it is much resorted to by them for game, here they kill and cure meat to serve them in their incursions, for these reasons the Board advised the Gen! to have a Fort erected at the mouth of Kantucky as soon as posible, they look upon the mouth of Limestone which is further up the river, more out of the way of the Indians and much more dificult to supply with provisions to be still more inconvenient, but if a post is thought necessary in that Quarter the blue Licks on Licking for the same reasons that were given about Drenings Lick may be a proper place, but it is our opinion that neither the state of you Treasury, nor the State of this Country are equal to the ex- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 299 pence of money to support three additional Posts, nor to furnish men if to be Garrisoned by the Militia, When we arrived in this Country the 240h of October all the officers civil Military the generality of the men being engaged under Gen! Clark in an Expe- dition against the Miami Indians we found that little could be done untill the return of the Troops, Notwithstanding the Board met at Harodsburg the first of November with design to get in what Ac- counts they could, afterwards went over to Lexington in Fayette County with the same intent and there prepared Letters for Geni Clark the Militia OffrB Debtors to the State cc. In that to Gen- eral Clark he is required to lay before us copies of the orders Instructions, he had given either to Quartermasters Pay Masters Commissaries Contractors Agents in the commercial department or superintendents of Indian affairs, and informing him We call upon all who have been concerned in the disbursements of public Monies to appear with their Accounts the proper Vouchers for their expenditures; That those who have drawn Bills are required to attend with their powers for drawing c: and those who have commanded Posts are to make out returns of the strenth of their Men from Time to Time that we may be able to judge of the ex- penditures In return to which the Board received a Letter from Gen! Clark assuring them of his chearfully complying with our re- quest, as it was what he earnestly wished for; that some persons alluded to in theirs did not come- within his line in the settlement of their Accounts as John Dodge Commercial Agent Colo Will. Harrison purchaser for the Campaign Eighty one Capt4 Rowland Madison Quarter Master c: As the Gen'" Papers are at Louis- ville we can not enter into a thorough investigation of his Accounts till we sit at that place, and the parties concerned are collected, We have despatched a Messenger to Kaskaskias and St Vincent and wrote to Colo. Montgomery, Dodge c: and ordered Mr Madison to lay his accounts before us and expect to be at Louisville before the return of our Messenger from ye Illinois Country, Capta George went with the Chickesaw Indians to their Towns and is not yet returned, Colo. Harrison, Colo. Lynn, Colo Todd and Mr Lindsay are all killed; Their affairs will require time to investigate great care to come at the truth, as some of them have kept no regular 300 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS accounts, these reasons have prevented us from advanceing in the business with that Expedition we could wish. They Survyors Offices in Fayette and Jefferson Counties being opened to recieve Land Warrants the attention of the People is so much engaged as greatly to retard the getting the Militia Accounts settled. Our Letters to the County Lieutenants required them to order Pay Rolls of their different Compx- or Parties of their Militia that have been on actual service and which have not been settled by the State, to be made out, and after having been attested by the CaptO or Com- manding officer on Oath and certified by them to be laid before the Board. All Commissaries Accounts or others furnishing provissions by their Orders with proper Vouchers are likewise to be laid before us, also Vouchers for Provisions and other articles impressed for the use of their Militia, and when Vouchers cannot be had Witnesses to prove facts are to attend, We expected by this method to have settled the Militia accounts with expedition, but calling on the County Lieutenant of Lincoln for his returns, he informed us he could not now attend, as his business called him to wait on the N. Carolina Com- missioners at Cumberland. Your Excellencys Letter of Novr the 4th informs us that many demands have been made by Mr Nathan and some others for payment of Bills drawn on the Treasurer or Governour of this State, by Colo Todd Gen! Clark, and that from the enormity of the sums demanded and the high price of every article where an Account has been rendered, there is just cause to suspect that the goods were bought for depreciated Money, and that some advantage has been taken of the Drawers, And that it now rests with us to take such measures as may be in our power to investigate the truth which you requst we will do as soon as posible and give our opinion at large. We beg leave to observe that we are not furnished with a list of the Bills in whose favour drawn the sums drawn for, nor the invoices or accounts referred to by your Excellency there must be an oversight in the Clerk not transmiting such necessary copies. Gen Clark informs us that he is altogether a stranger to what Bills Colo. Todd drew, and that he cannot at present charge his memory with what Bills he has drawn himself. so that until he can have recourse to his papers at Louisville he can only refer your Excellency to his certificate upon the Scale of De JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 301 preciation for the Illenoies, which you mention in your Letter, to which he cannot recollect an exception but one Bill in favour of an Agent whose name he has forgot; for the expences of a treaty with the Upper Wabash Indians, which probably were settled in specie and the Bill given accordingly. Colo Todds Executors cannot lay his papers before us till some days hence so that it is not in our power now to send your Excellency that explicit oppinion which is required. We have too much reason to fear a backwardness in some who have had the disposal of public Monies Stores to lay their Accounts before us but as soon as our Messenger returns from the Illenoise we shall loose no time in closing the business in general, We shall use every precaution to guard against impositions and report very specially on such accounts as may require further investi- gation, We take in all accounts with the Vouchers that we adjust, and enter them in our Books under their proper titles with remarks, and give certificates that we have received them. We have given your Excellency this state of the business as it stands at present that you may be enabled to send us such instructions as you may think proper. With great respect we have the honor to be- Your Excellencys WILLIAM FLEMING Most obedt hum! Serts SAMUEL MCDOWELL CALEB WALLACE Adjourned till tomorrow morning. Thursday December 26th Met according to adjournment. Present as before No business coming before the Board Adjourned until To- morrow Morning Friday 27th Met according to Adjournment. Present as be- fore No business coming before the Board Adjourned untill Tomorrow Morning. Saturday December 28th Met according to adjournment. Present as before No business coming before the Board. Adjourned till Mon. day morning. Monday December 30th Met according to adjournment Pres- ent as before. No business coming before the Board Adjourned until Tomorrow morning. 302 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Tuesday December 31st Met according to adjournment. Present as before - Received Captv William Hogan's Pay Roll. from May Fifteenth until August i8th with Voucher inclosed. See Bundle Fayette Militia-The Board observe that the above men- tioned Pay Roll from May 15th to July 17th is made out in conse- quence of a Custom which was practised in this Country of keeping the Inhabitants inrolled, and drawing pay for them when at home but it does not appear to the Commissioners that they should receive pay but on the date of Colo Logans orders. See paper NQ i Inclosed dated July 17th I780. Unless this custom was by order of Gover- ment. from July 17th they were in actual service on an Expedi- tion under Colo G: R: Clark. It is likewise the opinion of the Commissioners that the pay of those whose names are opposite to the crosso in the Collumn of days in Service, should remain in the Treas- ury, till it is either personaly called for or their Heirs apply to the Auditors for it-Likewise his Pay Roll from the 20th of Novem- ber until the 27th of December 1780. See Bundle Fayette Militia. The Commissioners observe that the above Pay Roll is for no actual service performed but for guarding the Fort of which they were Inhabitants, And Colo Todd's certificate seems to be given in com- pliance with a custom formerly practised, in the infancy of the Settle- ment; Whatever the necessity of the Country might be at that time The Commissioners cannot see the reasonableness of continuing it, as they drew rations at the same time and considerable consequential expenses were incerred. The Commissioners observe as in the other Pay Roll, that it is their oppinion that the sums opposite to their Names, who are crossed in the Collumn of days in Service, Should remain in the Treasury, till either personally called for or applied for by their Heirs There appears due to James Hogan twenty pounds Specie as pr Voucher received, intered in Page. i63 Received of Colo. Daniel Boone C. Lieutenant of Fayette the following Pay Rolls Accounts for his Militia viz: Captf Hazlerigg's Pay Roll from the 24th of October until the 230 of November 1782. See Bundle Fayette Militia accounts. The Com- missioners observe that Capt9 Hazelrigg is only entitled to Ensigns pay the Lieut to Sergents Pay and one of the Sergents to have pay JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 303 as Private, as an Adjutant for the Battallion. a Quarter Master a Packhorse Master for the Battalion a Packhorse Master for the Artillery, were taken out of this CompY In adjusting their Pay we have considered them as privates and added to their pay the allow- ance by Congress for such extra Services when done by officers from the Line. Capt4 William M'Connells Pay Roll from the 24 of October untill the 23d of November 1782. See Bundle as above -The Commissioners observe in this Pay Roll that the Captn. is only to draw Ensign's Pay, the Lieutenant Sergents and one of the Sergents to be reduced to a Private. Capt4 Robert Johnsons Pay Roll from the 27th of March untill the 27th of April I78I. - See Bundle Fay- ette Militia accounts - Entered as above. The Commissioners are of oppinion that the pay of those whose names are crossed in the above Pay Roll should be reserved in the Treasury till Personally called for, or applied for by their representives or Heirs. As Colo Boone does know them supposes many of them have removed, and some of the killed have no heirs in the Country, in which case their pay would be entirely a perquisite to the Capt4 lost to the persons or their heirs who have performed the Service. Capt4 Constants Pay Roll from the 24th October untill the 230 Novemr 1782 See Bundle Fayette Militia accounts - The Com- missioners observe in Capt4 Constants Roll that the Capt; is only en- titled to Lieutenants Pay and two of the Sergents to be reduced to Privates. Captn Robert Johnsons Pay Roll from Octr 24 until No- vember 23d 1782 See Bundle Fayette Militia Accounts The Commissioners observe that in CaptP Johnsons Roll, He is entitled to Lieutenants pay the Lieut to Ensigns pay the Ensign to Sargents pay and two of the Sergents to privates. Capt. William M Connells Pay Roll of M Connells Station, from the 24h October untill the 230 of November 1782 See Bundle Fayette Militia Accounts - Capt4 M Connell in his Pay Roll is entitled only to Lieutenants Pay, the Lieutenant to Ensigns and the Ensign to Sargents pay, and one of the Sergents to be paid as private. CaptP Robt. Johnsons Account and Voucher for Plank, in which there appears due three pounds seven Shillings and eight pence Specie entered in Page 17I 304 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Mr William Hayses Appraisment Bill for a Beef Steer, In which there appears due three pounds one Shilling sixpence farth- ing Specie Entered in Page I73 Colo Boons Accounts for five hundred eighty two pounds of fresh Beef at two pence p pound which amounts to four pounds seventeen Shillings Specie entered in Page I73 Martha Boons Account for Horse hire for thirty one days at one Shilling three pence p day which amounts to one pound Eighteen shillings nine pence Specie Entered in Page i63- Mordecai Morgans Account for Horse hire for thirty one days, at one Shilling three pence p day which amounts to one pound Eighteen shillings nine pence Specie entered in Page i63 Colo. Todds Certificates for services performed by Spies in March, May October 178i -It appears to the Commissioners on the whole certificates that there is due from the Treasury twenty Eight pounds fifteen Shillings Specie as entered in Page I67 There appears due to William Grant for six hundred Seventy seven bushels of corn Seventy five pounds four shillings nine pence Specie entered in Page I 7I also to Israel Grant for Eighty bushels of Corn, nine pounds twelve Shillings Specie entered in Page I71 - There appears due to William Marshall and Barnabas Boyl fourteen pounds fourteen Shillings Specie for their services as Spies entered in Page i67 There appears due to Hugh Cunningham for on hundred forty seven rations furnished the militia as pr. vouchers. Three pounds fourteen shillings six pence Specie entered in Page i69 - There appears due to Edward Hammon three pounds, for thirty bushels of corn furnished Cola Crocketts Regiment Entered in Page 17I Adjourned untill to-morrow morning Wednesday January I" 1783 Met according to adjournment Present as before The Board had some of Colo Todds papers laid before them, which they examined but could find nothing relative to the Bills mentioned in the Governours Letter of the 4oh of Novemr last. The Papers of Majr Joseph Bowman Decd and Captv Isaac Bowman were laid before the Board, Which were examined; and JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 305 finding them necessary for the settlement of other Accounts -take them with them to the Falls of Ohio The Board being informed that Mr Isaac Hite Angus Cameron could give information concerning the dissipation of some of the Public Stores by the Officers of the Illinois Regiment ordered them to be summoned to attend the Board at the Falls of Ohio on the I5" Ins' and subpenes were issued accordingly. Ordered that public notice be given - requiring all who can give the Board any information concerning the dissipation or mis- application of any of the Public stores or Monies by any persons to attend at the Falls of Ohio for that purpose See Letter Book N 14. Adjourned to Jefferson County Monday JanY 6'A. Met in Camp, near Colonel Coxes Pres- ent as before. The Board being informed that Joseph Blackford Squire Boone Philemon Waters David Glenn were meterial witnesses concerning the discipation of Public Stores by the Officers of the Illinois Regiment ordered Subpoenes to be issued to summon them to appear at the Falls of Ohio the 151h Ins' Adjourned till tomorrow. Tuesday JanY 7th Met according to adjournment Present as before - The Board received information that Thor Phelps Wil- liam Oldham Geo. Owens others were Witnesses to some miscon- duct of the Officers of the Illinois Regiment, ordered them to be summoned, to attend the Board at the falls the I5 h Instant -Ad- journed till Tomorrow FALLS OF OHIO Jany IOlh 1783 In your favour of Decr i6th you was pleased to consult the Commissioners about the propriety of erecting Posts at the Junctions of the Kantucky Licking Limestone with the Ohio on which subject we had afterwards a conferrence with you and then gave it as our opinion that it was impracticable for many reasons to carry on the building of more than one of these Posts at a time And on mature consideration We judged the Post at mouth of Kan- tucky to be of the most immediate service to the Country in general and accordingly recommended it, to be first undertaken immedi- ately set about. you sir are acquainted with the reasons that induced 306 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS us to give the above advice, and wishing to have our opinion in writing we chearfully give it and are with great respect your most obedient Hum Sert Signed, WILLIAM FLEMING SAM; MCDOWELL BRIGS GENE GEORGE R CLARK CALEB WALLACE And finding that they could not do business at the Falls, as the Garrison was scarce of Provisions- no forrage for horses, Or enter- tainment for Persons obledged to attend the Board, and sundry other reasons- Adjourned to some convenient place in the Neigh- borhood The Board expected to meet with the Persons summoned on the 6f and seventh Instant to appear at this place, and take their depositions, but none appeared. Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Thursday JanY i6 Met according to adjournment Present as before. Ordered that the Secretary advertise the siting of the Coin- miSrs, at New Holland c Adjourned to meet at New Holland Station Friday January I 7th. Met at New Holland according to adjournment Present as before- Drew off separate lists of Bills of Exchange drawn by each perticular Person from the general Abstracts for the convenience of future enquiries Adjourned till Tomorrow Morog Saturday Jany iVth Met according to adjournment Present as before- Were employed in taking lists of Bills of Exchange etc. (as on the preceeding day) - Adjourned untill Monday Next Monday Jany 20o Met according to adjournment Present William Fleming, Thou Marshall, Sam': M Dowell Caleb Wal- lace Esq."- Colo. Pope Sheriff of Jefferson County returned to the Board some of the Subpoenies directed to him executed on the fol- lowing persons Viz: Angus Cammeron, Isaac Hite, EdwO Tyler, Robt Tyler, Richd Masteson, Philemon Waters, Thos Phelps, Thor Wilson, Joseph Blackford, Wm. Oldham, Geo. Owens, David Glenn and George Wilson- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 307 The Commissioners finding it inconvenient at present to take the depositions of some of the witnesses summoned relative to Mr Shannon's Accounts deferred their examination untill the 29", Inst The Board reck Gen! Clarks accounts for examination - Proceeded to take the Depositions of several witnesses sum- moned before the Board, relative to the misapplication of Monies or Stores by the Officers of the Illinois Regiment. See Bundle Depositions Illinois Departmt No. I. 2. 3. 4 Adjourned till Tomorrow morning Tuesday January 21St Met according to adjournment Present as before Recd Sundry accounts of Francis M'Dermorth as pr Receipt delivered the settlement of which was deferred for further examin- ation Took the deposition of Richd Masteson with regard to some of CaptV Shannons Accounts, See Bundle Depositions Illinois Dept No 5. CaptP Barbours accounts were laid before the Board, which were recd for examination Capt; George called upon to elucidate the same. Several Depositions were taken with respect to the Stores in possession of Capto George his Officers at the Iron Bank or Fort Jefferson. See Bundle Depositions Illinois Departmt No 6.7 Adjourned till Tomw Morng Wednesday Jany 220 Met ac- cording to adjournment Present as before - Rec! Sergeant Crumps Account and Voucr for services per- formed as an Express. from which there appears due from the Treas- ury four pounds ten Shillings Specie. Entered in Page I75 The Com- took the deposition of Majr Moore with regard to Capt Shannons Accma See Bundle Depositions Illinois Departm, NQ 8- The Board being informed that John Burk Mr John May Wm Crump Eliz. Burke Bosten Demore Majr Moore Isaac Kellar. Lieut Clark Martin Carney were material evidences concerning Bills of Exchange drawn in favour of Capn Barber by CaptO George and with regard to the accounts of other Officers of the Illinois Dept Ordered Subpoenies to be issued summoning them before the Board. 308 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS The Sheriff of Jefferson County executed the Subpoenies on the above named persons and made return to the Board The depositions of Mr Clark Mr Carney were taken rel- ative to Bills drawn in favour of Capto Barber by Capt; George for a large cargo, and the application of it See Bundle Depositions Illinois Departmt No 9. to Adjourned till tomorrow Morning Thursday Jan 230 Met according to adjournment Present as before - Wrote to CaptD George requiring him to lay before the Board returns of the Strength of his Garrison at Fort Jefferson, a copy of his Letter to the Executive relative to the Bills of exchange in favour of Capt; Barber. also the Invoices Capt4 Barber gave him for the Cargo purchased. The Board recO information that EdU Worthington Marsham Brashears Isaac Kellar Aquilla Whitaker, Abraham Whitaker, John Foakes James 0. Finn were witnesses to prove the dissi- pation of Public Money or Stores by the Officers of the Illinois Regi- ment and ordered them to be summoned to appear before the Board on Monday the 3d of FebY Neet A petition from the Soldiers of the Illinois Regiment was presented to the Board praying redress of deficiences of Cloathing pay and other Grivances. Which was received, and the Board desired Gen] Clark to order the Captne of the Regiment to make out pay rolls and accounts of Cloathing and lay them before the Board The Depositions of Isaac Kellar Bosten Demore were taken by the Board with respect to the application of Public Stores c. at Fort Jefferson, Kaskaskias St. Vincents See Bundle depositions Illi- nois Department-No I I. 12. Adjournment till Tomorrow Morning Friday Jan 24. Met according to adjournment Present as before - The Commissioners finding it necessary that a Sheriff should attend the Board at certain times during their sitting at New Hol- land directed ColP Pope to attend on Monday last which was omitted to be entered in that day's Journals - Ordered that the Secy Write to Mr. Carbeno desiring him to wait on the Board See Letter Book N. I5- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 309 The Board was employed in examining Genl Clarks Accounts which were mentioned in the Journal of the 201 to be received by them. Adjourned till Tomorrow Morng, Saturday Jan 25'4 Met according to adjournment Present as before. Mr. Wm Clark was called before the Board Sworn a second time and Further examined relative to CaptV Georges Accounts See Bundle Depositions Illinois Departmt No 13 There appears due to John Cardine Seven pounds ten Shill- ings for services performed as Express. as pr Voucher NQ i-Entered in Page 177- Also for Services performed as French Interpreter at St Vincents One Hundred and sixty nine pounds one Shilling as pr Vouchers N" 2 3. Entered in Page 177- Agreeable to the Letter of Yesterday directed to Mr. Carbeno the Board had an interview with him in which he was informed on the powers given the Commissioners which being explained to him he informed them he would lay his accounts before them on Monday and desired a private interview with Mr Daniel Atty Gent of the State when it was convenient, thatw 4 4im- he meant to inform the Board of some matters of importance A Subpoena was issued to summon evidence in favour of Capt! Shannan to appear on the 29th. Inst (relative to his Accounts) Adjourned until Monday morning, Monday Jany 27th Met accord- ing to adjournment Present as before. A Subpoena was issued to summon Zephaniah Blackford to appear before the Board and give in evidence (In behalf of the State) what he knows concerning the Misapplication of Money or Stores by the officers of the Illinois Regiment. There appears due to Domenic Flannagan sixty-two pounds Eight Shillings Specie, his arrears of pay as a Soldier when in Cap- tivity as p Voucher N" 4 entered in Page 177 The Board recd a Letter from CaptO Robt Todd Executor of ColQ John Todd, Decd informing that he had carefully examined all the Col" Papers, and was sorry it was not in his power to lay before them such papers as are necessarily required to elucidate his accounts respecting the Bills that were drawn by him when acting in the Illinois Department See Letter in Bundle. (Letters) No.3 - 3IO ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Agreeable to Mr. Carboneauxs request made the 25 of last Month to have a private conferrence with the Atty Gen! for the Western District the Atty met him at the Falls, and by the assistance of Capt4 Tardeveux as Interpreter collected what he had to say, and presented it in Writing to the Board, See Letter N9 4 in Bundle (Letters) - Adjourn till Tomorrow Morning Wednesday FebY 5th. Met according to adjournment Present as before The Commissioners laid over Capt4 Barbours Accounts from the 29th Ult9 untill the present date expecting to be better informed with respect to the different prices of Goods at New Orlans at the time CaptP Barbour purchased the Cargo sold at Fort Jefferson but having rcd no further information, they proceeded to settle them, and Call, upon Mr William Clark to inquire of the Different qualities of the Goods purchased by CaptO George, desired CaptP Shannon was desired to give in Writing the different prices of Goods as far as he knew while at N. Orleans from which Acct', and the Inventories of other Cargoes they proceeded to fix prices to the Different Articles contained in the Invoices of the Cargo, the final settlemt of wh was deferred untill Tomorrow Adjourned till Tomorrow morning Thursday Feby 6th Met according to adjournml Present as before. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John Phips for services performed as Express from St Vincents to the Falls of Ohio four pounds ten Shillings Specie as p. Voucher No. 4 Entered in Page I75- There appears due to James Asturgus One Hundred and six Dollars, for Fifty three days work in building the Galley at the Falls, (as chief Artificer), at two Dole p day as p Voucher No i Entered in Page I78 It appears to the Commissioners that James Asturgus is en- titled to one Thousand four Hundred ten pounds Currency by a Bill from Will. Shannon dated July In I78I which is when re- duced by the Scale of Depreciation Three pounds ten Shillings Six pence Specie, Entered in Page i69 There appears due to John Ray two pounds thirteen Shillings and seven pence Specie for two Hundred and sixty Eight weight of Flour 20/ p Hundred, as p Voucher recd Entered in Page 173 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 3II There appears due to Joseph Phelps twenty one pounds Specie for a field of Corn taken for the use of Public Horses as p Voucher recO Entered in Page 171 The Board in a note to Gen! Clark requested a Copy of his instructions to Lieut Cole Montgomery for drawing Bills of Ex- change on the Credit of the State, in answer to which the Gen' gave his instructions in writing a copy of his orders for the distribution of the Troops at different Posts under his command See in Letter Bundle (Letters) Ng 5- Adjourned till Tomorrow Morning Friday Feby 71h Met according to adjournment present as before The Board Wrote to CaptP Robt George requiring his im- mediate attendance; as the Final Settlement of Capt4 Barbours Bills, (with them) was near a close, and CaptP Barbour having purposed to produce Witnesses to cast new light upon his Accte it was neces- sary he should be present at their examination See Letter Book Ng I7 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Reuben Camp Two pounds seventeen Shillings and two pence Specie for services performed as a Waggoner in the Service of the State as p Voucher NQ 6 Entered in Page i63 Colo. William Pope John Edwards came before the Board and being sworn, (at their own request) gave testimony with re- spect to the conduct of Capt4 Shannons Commissary General in the Western Department See Depositions in CaptP Shannons Acct` Bundle Illinois Separtment. NQ 24. 25 Adjourned till Tomorrow Morning, Saturday Feby 8th. Met according to adjournment present as before At. CaptO Barbours request Martain Carney Qr M. at F Jefferson was calld before the Board and examined on Oath relative to some articles of his sd Barbers Cargo which was delivered at Fort Jefferson not contained in the Invoices, in the Hands of the Commissioners; and was questioned with respect to the quantity and quality of different articles in Sd Cargo. Also Sergeant Pit- mans Deposition with respect to sundry articles of Cloathing and Taffia recO of Capte Barbour by him, for Soldiers of the Illinois 312 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Regiment on their passage up the Missisipi, See Depositions in Capto Georges Accounts Bun! Illinois Department. No. 26. 27 Mr. William Clark was call'd upon by the Board to inform on oath whether the Inventories in possession of the Commissioners were wrote by him whether they contained all the Goods brought by CaptO Barbour c. See Deposition in CaptV Georges Acct Bundle Illinois Department No 28 Adjourn till Monday Morning. Monday FebY Ioth Met according to adjournment Present as be- fore The Board being informed by Majr George Walls that the Garrison at the Falls of Ohio had not meceived any Salt as rent for the public Kettles at the Salt Works, for some time past, and that he apprehended the rent of Sd Kettles was misapplied by Private Persons, They took the matter under consideration and resolved on a future enquiry with Colo John Bowmans Manager of the Public Kettles in behalf of the State-and proceeded to examine Joseph Brooks John McFall relative there to See Depositions in Bundle John Bowmans Acct, Ng I.2 The deposition of Majr George Walls was taken by the Board in consequence of a report circulating to the prejudice of Gen! Clarks character respecting a private Trade carried on by the Geni in partnership with Mr Robt Elliot, See Deposition in Genf Clarks Accounts, Bundle Illinois Departmt No 29 On the 21st. Ulto. CaptP Phillip Barbour Merchant, laid before the Board a copy of a first of Exchange drawn by Robt George, CaptP Comdt at Fort Jefferson on Olliver Pollock Esqr Agent at New Orleans for the united States of America in favour of the said Philip Barbour or Order, and dated i'l of JanY I78I expressing 232,320 Spanish Milled Dollars to be paid on Sight, for Liquors and Dry Goods furnished the said George, for the use of purchasing provisions, and to support the Troops in the Illinois Department; and on the Back-Received of Olliver Pollock Esqr the sum of 32,500 Dollars on the Account of the within contents- dated New Orleans i8L July 178I, signed Philip Barbour; likewise a Certificate signed Zach. Burnley, a Magistrate for Orange County, That the within contains a true Copy of a Bill of Exchange as pro- duced by CaptO Philip Barbour with a receipt on the back agreeable JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 313 to the original and dated 40 September 1782.. Some days after Capto Barbour produced the Original Second of Exchange for 232,320 Spahish Milled Dollars, also a Second of Exchange drawn by Robert George Capt" Comdt at Fort Jefferson on Olliver Pollock Esqr Agent at New Orleans for the United States of America in favour of Philip Barbour or Order and dated IS January 1781. expressing 5000 Spanish Milled Dollars to be paid on sight for Liquors Cloathing furnished the said George for the use of the troops in the Illinois Department. These two Setts of Bills with a Letter of Advice were inclosed in a Letter for Capto Barbour to Mr Pollock of the same date requesting that he would Act with them agreeable to what they formerly Spoke of; Endorsed on the back, This Letter with the Bills enclosed, is not to be sent to New Or- leans until you hear from me P. B. See Bundle K. No. l- The Letter of Advice from Captv George, directed to Mr. Pollock, Agent for the State of Virginia at New Orleans informs him that Capt; Philip Barbour had furnished him with a large Cargo of Liquors dry Goods for which he had given him two Setts of Exchange for 237,320 Dollars which he most earnestly begs Mr Pollock may pay in Gold or Silver Coin without hesitation. See Ng 2- The Board call'd upon CaptV George for information on the Case, and required him to lay before them his powers for drawing these Bills of Exchange, and his reasons for incurring a Debt so enormous on public Account, Upon which Captf George produced a Letter from LieutVt Colo. Jno. Montgomery dated Novr 15 1780. advising him to purchase the whole of Capto Barbours Cargo for the use of the Troops c. drawing Bills upon Olliver Pollock Esqr Agent at New Orleans, See N9 3 Capto George also pleaded that the Necessities of the Garri- son, and the solicitations of the Officers of the Garrison were so pressing that he was constrained to purchase the Goods of Capto Barbour, and thought himself authorized by Col. Montgomeries Letter above mentioned to draw Bills on Mr. Pollock for the Amount of the price Colo Montgomery then informed the Board that he himself was only authorized to draw Bills either on Geni Clark or the Treasury of Virginia to defray the necessary Expenses of the troops 314 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS in the Illinois Department See No 4. From which it does not appear that Colo Montgomery had any powers himself, and conse- quently he could not authorise Captv George to draw Bills on Mr. Pollock- The Board therefore, after mature deliberation are unanimously of opinion that the State of Virginia are under no obli- gations to Honour them as a legal Claim. It being alledged that the distresses of the garrison would justify the purchase and entitle CaptV Barbour to payment. The Board proceeded to inquire into the Fact, and find by the Testimony of Wm Clark George Owens and others. See No. 4 that the troops and inhabitants had been several times invested and their Crops of Corn greatly Injured by the Indians in the Summer preceeding the afforesaid purchase, that during the Fall Season they were very sickly, and at the time of Capt. Barbours arrival they were nearly destitute of provisions and entirely without Spiritous Liquors; To confirm these Testimonies CaptP Barbour produced a Writing dated August 20t I782, subscribed John Montgomery Colo. of the Illinois Regiment certifying that he met Philip Barbour on the Missisipi Novr I780 with his Battoe ladded with Goods; He (Montgomery) knowing the great want we were in of them, wrote a Letter of advice to the Agent or Capt. George to purchase them; -and if the pur- chase had not been made, a great part of the Troops must undoubt- edly have perished - See No. 5 - From these Testimonies as it does not appear that Cloathing was greatly wanted, or that Capt. Barbours cargo afforded an im- mediate supply of provisions, the Board cannot be of opinion that the purchase was indispensible. Yet the Board being conscious of the equitable Intentions of the State of Virginia, and their readi- ness to reward those from whom they have received Services; Are of Opinion, as the necessities of the Garrison might in some measure induce Captv George to make the purchase and as the Cargo was made use of by the Troops under his command, that Capt. Barbour should be paid a generous price Therefor, And the Board ordered Capt. George to lay before them Invoices of the Goods. Capt. George informed them that he had lost or mislaid the Invoices, and that after using the most anxious endeavours they cannot be found JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 315 Upon which Capt) Barbour produced a writing dated Fort Nelson Falls of Ohio 7X of July 1782. Given under the Hand of Robert George Capte before a Magistrate of Jefferson County. In which he certifies that he received of Capt. Philip Barbour at Fort Jefferson Sundry Invoices for a Quantity of Goods of him there received, amount of the first cost of the same in New Orleans, 23,732 Dollars c which Invoices through the hurry of removing from that Post have been either lost or mislaid. See No. 6 - This certificate Capt. George informed the Board he gave from a memorandum which he found amongst his papers, and which he has since lost, But laid before the Board an Inventory of a Quantity of Taffia c by him delivered to Martin Carney Qr M. and another for a Quantity of Broad Cloths c with a receipt on the Back signed Israel Dodge Depy Agent dated Fort Jefferson De- cember I5'h 1780, and witnessed by John Baley Capto Leonard Helm, expressing that he had received of Robert George Esqr Capt; c the within Merchandise for the use of the Troops in the Illinois Department belonging to the State of Virginia See NP 7 8, Also Accounts of the Issues made of the said Goods by the so Quarter Master Deputy Agent. See N9 9.i0, In which he alledged were specified the whole of the Cargo that he purchased of Capt4 Bar- bour, This allegation was supported by the Testimony of William Clark referred to above. The Inventories were read over Article by Article to Capt. Barbour who answered that he thought the Quantity was small but not having a copy of the Invoices, he could not cer- tainly remember any part of his Cargo, but what is contained in the aforesaid Inventories,-only two Half Hogsheads of Taffia, twelve blankets, twenty-eight yards of Stroud, Six pair of Shoes Sixty Gallons of Taffia which by the certificate of Martin Carney, Q. M, and the Deposition of Buckner Pitman, Sergeant See NQ I I I2. were also furnished the Troops of the State by Capt4 Barbour on their passage up the Missisipi, as also a Bale of sewing twine some dozens of pocket Looking Glasses, several pieces of Stroud a Quantity of Blankets Butcher Knives which are not ascertained by Testimony. From the afforesaid Inventories c, The Board made out an Invoice from the best information they could obtain of the prices of such Goods at New Orleans, the latter part of the 316 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Summer 1780, the time which Capt. Barbour is said to have pur- chased them there, affixed the first cost of each article as p Invoice Doll. Liv 8 Ng I3 The amount 7,588 I. 6Y3, which is far below the sum expressed in Capt. Georges certificate, but as the certificate was given from a memorandum that is now lost, and no proof being pro- duced that a greater quantity of Goods was delivered, the Board can only form a Judgment upon the afforesaid Inventories returns from the Quarter Master and DP Agent. Before the Board deter- mined what advance it is reasonable to allow Capt. Barbour upon this Invoice, He laid before the Board a letter dated 25 JanY 1783. Setting forth his motives for bringing up his Cargo to Fort Jefferson; the Risk the Loss he incurred in the undertaking, and also the profit which he would have made upon the Cargo if he had taken it to the Illinois. and that the circumstances he recites will Justify his laying iowoo pCT upon his Cargo. See No 14 for which he asserts he agreed with Captain George subsequent to the Determination of the three Officers who awarded him I500 pCT This Capt. George confesses to be the Truth and does not deny that he might have wrote the Letter to Mr. Pollock, as recited in Capt. Barbours, but says he cannot remember it, and that he generally kept Copies of his Letters but can find none of the aforesaid See No 4- But as it appears from a number of depositions in No. 4 that the Risk and expense must have been very considerably; Therefore the Board think it Reasonable that the State of Virginia should pay Capt. Barbour two hundred and twenty-five percent upon the aforesaid 7,588 Dollars I 1/3 Livers, the supposed first cost of the Sd Goods, that is to say three Dollars and a quarter for every Dollar laid out by him on the purchase of said goods at New Orleans, amount 2466i Dollars 4 Livers, 6 Sous 8 Deniers. And the Board like- wise think it Reasonable, If it should hereafter appear the first cost of the said Goods at New Orleans was greater or a greater Quantity was actually delivered by Capt. Barbour to Capt. George, than is expressed in the above mentioned Invoice, that the State of Virginia should likewise pay the same pC0 upon their first cost. - As the Board have not sufficient Evidence before them to form a Judgment whether the State ought to reimburse Mr. Pollock the JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 317 32500 Dollars which is receipted on one of the aforesaid Bills they herewith transmit Copies of sundry Letters that may assist the Executive in the Determination. See No I5 The Board also observe, from the Remarks upon Mr. Pollocks Vouchers with which they are furnished by the Executive, that upon the first of the above mentioned set of Bills for 5000 Dollars there is a Receipt on the back signed Philip Barbour 31st of March I78I which for the Said Reasons they also refer to the consideration of the Executive. Colo. M'Dowell, one of the members of the Board, has leave of absence, to Lincoln County on private business- Adjourned till Tomorrow morning Tuesday FebY I il' Met according to adjourn- ment Present William Fleming Thor Marshall and Caleb Wallace Esqrs - The Board was employed in examining and compairing Monsr Carbouneauxs Accounts Bills of Exchange, presented on the 27t Ulto with the Accounts Vouchers of the Officers by whom the Debts were contracted which were not finally closed but deferred for further examination. Adjourned till Thursday next- Thursday FebY 13th Met according to adjournment. Present as before The Commissioners were engaged in examining Mons. Carbouneaux's Accla c as on the preceding day- Adjourned till Tomorrow Morning. Friday Feby. I4P Met according to adjournment Present as before Colo JnQ Montgomeries Accounts Vouchers were presented to the Board for examination and Monsr Carbouneaux Bills which were deferred until said AccVs were laid before the Board, were taken up and examined but not finally settled Adjournd until to-morrow morning Saturday Feby I5 Met according to adjournmt Present as before There appears due from the Commonwealth of Virginia to James Orr Seventeen pounds five shillings and four pence Specie for his service as a Soldier in Capt4 James Shelbeys Compy in the Illinois Regiment from the first day of Jany 1779 until the x6tl Septr following being 259 days at one shilling four pence p day as p Voucher NQ 5 Entered in Page 177 318 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS The Board proceeded Finally to adjust and liquidate Sundry Bills of Exchange Accounts laid before them the 27th Ult by Mons. Carbouneaux Viz- Four Bills of Exchange drawn by Wil- liam Shannon Commissary Gen' One on Gen' Clark for 2044 Dol- lars Specie, in Favour of I. M. P. Legras dated Septr 178i.which from the SO Shannon's Books Vouchers No 6 appears just and ought to be Settled. -- One Second of Exchange on the Treasurer of the State of Virginia in favour of Mons. Carbouneaux for 9280 Dollars dated the I441 October 1780. and assigned to Mons. Dalchurust, which from Shannons Books Vouchers N9 25, appears Just, and ought to be settled with 127i Dollars Specie. One Second of Exchange on the Treasurer c. in favour of Monsr Carbouneaux for i6oo Dollars dated October 14th 1780, and assigned to Monsr Dalchurust, which from Shannon's Books Vouchers NQ 25 appears just and ought to be Settled with 21 Dollars 5/6 Specie- And one on the Treasurer c for 500 I/5 Dollars in favour of Patrick Kennedy dated 24th Sept. 1779 and endorsed Pat. Ken- nedy, accompanied with a duplicate of the Account for which it was given. The Vouchers Mr. Shannon lodged in the Auditor's Office, and therefore the Board can make no certain Report upon the Bill. Also Six Bills of Exchange Drawn by Colo. John Mont- gomery One on the Treasurer of Virginia in favour of Capt. John Williams for 750 Dollars advanced for recruiting Service, dated Apl. 10t I780, assigned to Rennoe, which from Colo. Mont- gomery's Vouchers No. 4i appears Just and ought to be settled with 121 Dollars Specie. One on the Treasurer of Virginia in favour of Capt. John Williams for I82, Dollars, dated April 8th 1780, assigned to Mr Rennoe which from Colo. Montgomery's Vouchers NQ I2, appears just and ought to be settled in Specie though not so expressed in the Bill. One on the Treasurer c. in Favour of Audr Ray for 550 Dollars dated 21St July 1780 endorsed Rew, which from Colo. Montgomery's Vouchers N 21, appears to be given for Taffia at 154 Dollars p Gallon and ought to be settled with, i I Dollars Specie - JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 319 One on the Treasurer c in favour of John Gerault for 650 Dollars, dated 21It July 1780, endorsed Gerault, which from Colo. Montgomery's Voucher N9 20, appears to be given for Taffia at 154,Dollars p Gallon and ought to be settled with i2 Dollars Specie - One on the Treasurer c for 137 2/5 Dollars in favour of Antoine Renault dated July 28th 1780 endorsed Antoine Renault. with account of particulars on the Back except Line Second which expresses Sundries See Vouchers amounting to 400 Livers No 24 which also accompany the Bill, The Board are of opinion that the Bill ought to be Settled in Specie And one on the Treasurer in favour of Stephen Gooding for 1350 Dollars advanced to Lieut. Perault for the Recruiting Service dated i ith August 1780 which ought to be settled with 19 2/7 Dollars Specie, as Colo. Montgomery can produce no certain Vouch- ers The Board have charged the Bill to his account with the State. Also a Bill of Exchange dated 27th June I779 drawn by Colo John Todd on the Treasurer of Virginia for 74I Dollars in favour of Moses Henry, due from the Commonwealth of Virginia for money advanced by him. There is no Voucher for this among Colo Todds papers laid before the Board by his Executors, but they think it probable that the Bill was given for paper Currency and that it ought to be settled with i85 Dollars Specie agreeable to the Illinois Scale of Deprecion- Also an order dated 8th December 1778 in favour of Pierre Lefevre drawn by Leonard Helm Commdt deceasd on Colo G. R. Clark for 3535 Livers (equal to 707 Dollars) and countersigned by G. R. Clark for which no Vouchers can be produced by the Executor of the deceased and therefore the Board can make no certain report upon it Also an account against the State of Virginia certified by I. M. P. Legras I) Colo. 24th March 178I Countersign'd by G. R. Clark, amount 2035 Livers equal to 407 Dollars From which the Board think it reasonable to deduct, I 12 Dollars for excessive Charge, and that the remaining, 295, Dollars should be settled with Specie 320 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Also an account on the State of Virginia dated 1779 drawn by Nicolas Perrot for Taffia at sundries amount, 750 Dollars Certi- fied by Leonard Helm Superintendant and countersignO on the back G. R. Clark, by the Deposition of Capt. Todd No. this account must be stated in paper Currency and ought to be settled with 75 Doll' Specie agreeable to the Scale of Depreciation for the Illinois Country Also a certificate from John Rodgers Capt. Commandant dated Decem. 8tU 1780, in Favour of the Estate of Capt. Plasse for, 651i b Gross Beef, which ought to be settled at t Dollars p Lb amount, 8I 2/5 Dollars Specie- Also a certificate from Zephaniah Blackford Dep' Comm, dated 13th August I78i in Favour of Pierre Mazure for i8oo lb Beef at a Liver p Lb, amount i8oo Livers (equal to 360 Dollars) which ought to be settled with Specie Also two orders on Boje, one dated December 20th I780 for two Loads of Wood N. i The other dated JanY i9th 178i, for two loads of wood NQ 4 signed John Rodgers Comr'- Two Orders on Rennaux, one dated Decr 20th 1780, for two Loads of Wood No. 2 the other dated JanY 26th I78i, for two Loads of Wood No. 3, both signed John Rodgers Comdt And one Order on Towrenger dated Jany 20 1781 for two Loads of Wood N 5 signed John Rodgers Commandt The Board think it probable that the Wood was received and that it should be settled at one Dollar the Load Specie Also Lieut Mombrun's Pay Roll from the I2"' May 1780, till the 12th of May 1782, at 26 2/3 Dollars p Month Amount 640, Dollars. The Board find that Lieut. Momrun was without a Com- mand the greater part of the time specified in this Pay Roll, but approve the Claim from the Recommendation Accompanying it which are confirm4 by the Report of Geni Clark. Adjourned till Monday morning Monday FebY 17 Met according to adjournment present as before. The Express sent by Geni Clark at the request of the Com- missioners, to Illinois, in Decr last with dispatches from the Board returned on Sunday the i6th Int. with a packett from Kaskaskias which was sent to Government by Monsr Carbouneaux. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 321 It appears that on the 13th Decr 1782 EdwO Parker Wil- liam Boush were sent Express from the Falls of Ohio with dispatches from the Board to the Court of Kaskaskias c and returned to this place the i6th of FebT 1783, and they have faithfully performs this Service, the Board think it reasonable that they should receive from the Treasury of Virginia the sum of Forty Pounds to be Equally divided between them Entered in Page 175 The Board after making Enquiry relative to Cole Lynn's Accounts, find that the Administrator can produce no Vouchers, for his drawing Bills of Exchange on Mr. Pollock, State Agent, and being informed that Colo Montgomery John Sanders Geni Clark were acquainted with his drawing Bills on private Account in the Illinois took their Depositions. See Bundle Col Lynn's Acct Illi- nois Department N9 30, 31, 32. 50r. The Commissioners are therefore of opinion that all Bills drawn by Colo. Lynn accept these drawn when, sent to New Orleans for Powder, come under the first General Remark in Page 148. The Commissioners wrote the following Letter to his Excel- lency the Governour dated Feby I71 1783 SIR The Board of Commissioners wrote the 23d of December in return to your Excellancy's favours of Oct. i6th Nov. 4th. In compliance with your orders we have diligently searched all the papers in our possession, that could throw light on the nature of the Bills in Mr. Nathan's Hands, yet remain much in the dark, as Colo. Todds Books Accounts are supposed by the Executor to be somewhere in the interior parts of Virginia, and he can only lay before us some detached papers amongst which we find a Letter from the Executive dated Willmburg in Council August 20th I779 in which the HonblQ Lieut Governor acknowledges the receipt of several Letters from Colo Todd by Colo Slaughter of the i" 20 July 1779 which were laid before the Council who were pleased with the contents and approved of Colo Todds Conduct and plan for supporting the Credit of the paper money but that it must be sub- mitted to the assembly who alone can give it efficacy, That the Eight draughts Colo Todd mentions have not been presented but shall be duly attended to, as the Gentlemen to whom they are pay- 322 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS able are highly deserving of the Greatful attention of Government, The Board likewise found a Peltry Account amongst Colo Todds papers by which it appears he purchased a quantity of Peltry from Mr Beaureguard sometime in the Fall of the year I779 Amounting to 2I,000 for which it is probable he drew Bills to the amount. The Peltry by this acct seems to be paid to sundry Persons, Colo Montgomery's Certificate information to the Board likewise ac- companies this. On the whole as no Bills of Colo Todds drawing have appeared before us, nor are any mentioned in the lists trans- mitted to us, We imagine the Bills in Mr Nathans possession may probably be for the above purchase but as we are not favoured either with the amount or dates of these Bills, and no direct light can be got here we cannot be positive. On the supposition that the Bills were given at that time, and on that Account the Commissioners have to observe that 210 packs of Peltry costs the State 20/ p lb and at the time the purchase was made peltry Silver were nearly on a par; as it appears Colo Todd is said to have given a high price for the Peltry allowing 3 livers p lb which is 50 p Ct higher than it generally is; shews the purchase was made with depreciated paper money at a little more than five a half for one, if the Bills in question were drawn for the above Acct the Comm- think they ought to be taken up at the above discount, but the Board wish to refer your Excellancy to Colo Todds Letters of the PIt 20 July 1779 which we suppose lodged in the Council Chamber to elucidate the affair as we cannot meet with copies of them. The Board have finished CaptO Georges draughts on Mr Pollock in favour of Capt" Barbour, but not thinking it prudent to trust the papers relative thereto by this conveyance, they hope your Excellancy will dispence with the principles they went on till they have an opportunity of laying the papers before the Executive as no Invoices were produced either by Capt. George or Capt. Barbour, the Board affixed the prices to the Cargo delivered at Fort Jefferson from the best lights they could get at Seven thousand five hundred Eighty Eight Dol- lars, one Liver 1/3 as the prime cost at New Orleans, on which the Board allowed two hundred twenty-five p Ct advance for the Cargo delivered at Fort Jefferson, amounting in the whole to twenty four Thousand six hundred and sixty one Dollars. four Liv- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 323 ers six sous, eight Deniers including all expences. We have not yet closed Gent Clarks Accounts as we find them so conected with the other Accounts both the Quarter Masters Commissaries as well as the Officers that we could not finish them before we had a general view of the whole, we will be able to settle his in ten days. to examine all the accounts minutely will take up a great deal of time perhaps more than the Executive can imagine, as double receipts have always been taken for sums paid, the Vouchers should be listed alphabetically to prevent double entries, None of Mr Pollocks Bills he presented for payment, have appeared before this Board, but one of JanY if' I78i for 5000 Dolls which appears to be for part of the same Cargo Capt George purchased from Capt4 Barbour, and was a second Bill and is considered as part of the 2466i Dollars 5 5/3 Liv-h allowed as above for that Cargo, By Depositions it appears that these Bills drawn by Wm Lynn in 1778 were for Goods pur- chased by Lynn on his own Acct at Kaskaskias Mesiere and ought not to be Charged to the State. It likewise appears that Capta Elliots draughts the Invoices of Goods shipO on account and at the risk of the United States, but charged to the State of Virginia by Mr Pollock was in consequence of the Cargo being lost in the Missisipi and some of the articles that were saved from the Wreck being made use of by the troops in the Illinois, Inventories of the whole Cargo and what was saved applied to the use of the Troops are Copying but as we have not fully examined the affair we defer giving our opinion in it. The Board informd your Excellency in theirs of December 230 that an Express was sent off to Kaskaskias to which they had a return last evening informing them they might expect some of their principle Inhabitants would wait on them with the unsettled Accounts c in a Short time, Mr Carbouneaux who will present this is an inhabitant of Kaskakias and comes to get some private affairs settled but we suppose principally as a deputy to repre- sent the confusion the Country is in, which if not settled by this State, we apprehend he will proceed to Congress - None of the Posts which your Excellancy mentioned in your favour of the i6th of Octr last are yet erected, We expect Gen' Clark will lay before you his reasons for defering this business. We have lately received an address from the Civil Military officers of Fayette which ac- 324 ILLINOIS HISTORICGIL COLLECTIONS companies this and praying us to report our opinion to Government. We think could a Fort be erected at or near the mouth of Lime- stone it would tend greatly to encourage Settlements in that County and that it should be garrisoned by a Compy of Regulars aided by the Militia furnished with flour from the Neighbourhood of Fort Pitt When we get a little more through the business we will in- form your Excellency by an Express of our proceedings with such remarks on these Bills, which have been presented for payment and are not laid before us as may be necessary for the Executive to have before we can return our whole proceedings we are with great Respect - Your Excellency's Most obedt Hum! Servts WY FLEMING, THOS MARSHALL CALEB WALLACE Monsr Carbouneaux laid before the Board a Bill of Exchange dated 6tb AugSt 178i drawn by George Slaughter Commandant in favour of William Boush for 50 Dollars for performing Express from Fort Patrick Henry to the Falls of Ohio. Which the Board are of opin- ion is an excessive Charge and ought to be settled with 20 Dollars And also these Certificates drawn by Zephaniah Blackford Depy Commy - One dated 7"' June I78i in favour of Monsr Pazzar for 373 lb of Beef at a liver in Money p. Lb and 61b Iron at 2 Livers p lb- One dated iolh August I78I in favour of Majr Godfrey Linetot for i9j Gallons Taffia at ioo Livers in Peltries p Gallon And another dated ist April I78i, in favour of said Linetot for 41 Gallons Bears Oil at io Livers p Gallon in peltries- Which as they are not properly certifyed cannot be pass'd until Blackfords Books come before the Board. N B The Board observe that on the I5th Instant Two Bills second of Exchange were adjusted, drawn by William Shannon in favour of Mons Carbouneaux - One for 9280 Dollars and the other 127 1/3, which he informs were given into the hands of Monsr Gratiot, and may probably also be presented for payment JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 325 Monsr Carbouneaux has obtained an order from the Board on Majr Walls at Fort Nelson for a boat belonging to the State valued at 40 Dollars, which is to be deducted by the Auditors in Settling this Account. Adjourned until Tomorrow Morning Tuesday Feby I8tl Met according to adjournment Present as before The Commissioners were engaged in examining Colo Mont- gomery's Accounts Vouchers mentioned in the Journal of the Eleventh Inst which were not finally Settled by the Board but de- ferred for further examination- Adjourned until Tomorrow morning, Wednesday Feby i9lb Met according to adjournment present as before The Commissioners were engaged in examining Genl Clarks Colo Montgomery's Accounts which were not finished but deferred for further examination-Adjourned until Tomorrow morning. Thursday FebY 20t Met according to adjournment present as before The Board continued to examine Colo Montgomeries Ac- counts, (which remain unsettled and are to be further examined - Mr. Martin Carney, Q M In the Illinois Department, Laid his Accts before the Board, which were entered upon, and part of them examined Issued a Subpoena at Capt. Shannons request summoning evi- dences relative to his conduct in the Q M and Comy Departments. Adjourned untill Tomorrow Morning Friday Feby 2I1't Met according to adjournmt present as before Received from Martin Carney Quarter Master at Fort Jefferson in the Illinois Department in the years I78o and I781, all his Acct, of Stores and issues with the Vouchers for the same Which on inspection we found to be just as p General Account of Arms NQ i, of Amunition N9 2 of Soap, Tobacco Whiskey N9 3 of Flints Engineers Stores, N9 4 of Quarter Master Stores Artillery, N 5 of Boats and other Craft, NQ 6 of Taffia and Sugar, N9 7 of Military Stores, Cavalry Accountrements Sundy Stores NQ 8 of Qr Masters Stores, and Acct of Artificers imployed by him, NQ 9 of Sundry Merchandise issued by him, part of a Cargo pur- 326 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS chased from Captain Barbour, N9 IO of a Cargo purchased from Debruil, N0 i i also No 12 containing issues of sundries brought from Richmond in 1782, N0 13 Forrage, waggon Provision and Cash Accounts in taking the above to Fort Pitt likewise a memoran- dum of Sundry Articles left buried at Fort Jefferson when that place was evacuated, Viz: Seven Hand Mills, one Waggon a damnified four pound Gun, fifty Stand of old arms, one Grinding Stone two 56 weights one 28 lb Do one Beek Iron - It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Hanah Breeding three pounds nine Shillings Specie for Making Soldiers Shirts at Fort Jefferson as p. Account Vouchers recd. Entered in Page i82 - (Page 52 0. B.) Adjourned untill Tomorrow Morning Saturday FebY 220 Met according to adjournment. Present as before It appears to the Commissioners that Arch0 Lockard is En- titled to ten pounds, one Shillg six pence for Extra Service Whilst a Soldier, Also pound; I5,, 7,, 84 for five pair of Hand mill Stones, made for the use of the Troops in the Illinois Department as p. Vouchers, N9 2 3 recO Enter in Page I82 It also appears that there is due to the said Lockard Six pounds Eight shillings three pence, by a certificate assign'd to him by Mr Nilly Lewis, for attending on the Sick Soldiers in hospital as p Voucher recd No i Entered in Page i84. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due from the Commonwealth of Virginia to MN Spangler Administratrix of Wil- liam Spangler Deceased Eleven pounds one Shilling for furnishing 22i days rations to soldiers as p Voucher NQ 2 Enter'd in Page 184- It appears to the Board that there is due to EdwO Parker Sergeant four pounds five Shillings Specie for going Express to St. Vincents as p Voucher N" 5 entered in Page 175 It appears to the Commissioners by a settlement with Martin Carney, Depy Quarter Master, (in the Illinois Department) of his accounts with the State of Virginia that there is a ballance of two hundred thirty pounds fourteen shillings Eleven pence half penny, due as p account and Vouchers received. Entered in Page i82 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 327 Adjourned untill Monday morning Monday FebT 24th Met according to adjournment Present as before. The Board received of Capt. William Oldham his Pay Roll from the 20th of July untill the 20th of August 1780, See Bundle Jefferson Militia Accounts Ng i The Commissioners observe that Capt. Oldham is only en- titled to Lieu1' Pay on the account of Deficiency of the Number of Men upon his Roll the Lieut. to Ensigns Pay, the Ensign to Ser- geants pay and the two Youngest Sergeants to the pay of a private Soldier. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Capt. Oldham Rations furnished himself on the expedition in the year I780, one pound ten Shillings as p Voucher Ng 2 Enter'd in Page i65 Bundle Jefferson Militia. It appears there is due to Robt. Hamilton twenty five pounds Specie for a Horse lost on the Expedition in the year 1780, as p Voucher Entered in Page i63 also a certificate for provisions furnishd on sd. Expedition amount one pound ten Shillings as p Voucher Ng 3 Bundle Jefferson Militia. Mr Isaac Hite having informed the Board that Angus Cam- eron had informed him that he was not interrogated by the Board relative to some things that concerned the enquiry about Geni Clark At Mr Hites instance the Board ordered another subpoena to issue for sO Cameron. He appearing on the 24th was sworn and interro- gated by the Board See Deposition N9 i Bundle Illinois Depart- ment. (Geni Clarks Accounts) The Militia Accounts for Jefferson County were laid before the Board by Colo. John Floyd, the settlement of which is deferred untill Tomorrow morning. The Commissioners being obliged by the business to go to Lincoln County, on Friday the 28t Instant; Called on ColP Floyd for an escort of twenty five men to attend them thither Adjourned till Tomorrow Morning. Tuesday FebY 25h Met according to adjournment Present as before. The Commissioners received of Colo John Floyd the follow- ing Pay Rolls and Acc:1 for the Militia of Jefferson County Viz.- (which was red by Colo. Barber from Aud. offce.) 328 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Capt. James Davis' Pay Roll from October 2I"' untill NovT 25, 1782- See Bundle Jefferson Militia Amount entered in Page 165 From the Number of Men in this Pay Roll the Commm are of opinion that the CaptP should only receive the Pay of a Lieut, the Lt. the pay of an Ensign, the Ensign the pay of a Sergeant the three youngest Sergt" the pay of privates. Capt. James Samuels Pay Roll from the 2I1t OctW untill 25th Novr 1782, Bundled and Entered as above - From the number of men in Capt. Samuels Pay Roll, the Commr, are of opinion that the Capt. should only receive the pay of an Ensign the Lieut. the pay of a Sergeant the Sergeants the pay of privates. Capt. James Rodgers' Pay Roll from the 2ist October untill the 25th of November 1782. Bundled and entered as above. From the number of men in Capt. Rodgers Pay Roll, the Commissioners are of opinion that the Captain should only receive the pay of a Lieutenant, the Lieut. the pay of Ensign, the Ensign the pay of a Sergeant and the three youngest Sergeants the pay of Privates. Captn Jacob Vanmaters Pay Roll from the 21St Octr untill the 25 of Novr 1782 See Bundle Jefferson Militia, EntO in Page i65 from the number of men in Capt. Vanmater's Pay Roll, the Commrs. are of opinion that the Capt. is to receive pay as Ensi the Lieut. as Sergeant the Sergeants as privates Captain John Varbruse' Pay Roll from 2ist of October untill the 25 of Novr 1782 Bundled and Entered as above From the Number of Men in Capt. Verbruses Pay Roll, the Com- are of Opinion that the Capt. receive Lieuts Pay the Lieut. Ensn Pay and the Ensi Sergeants pay two of the Sergeants are to be paid as privates Capt Chs Polkes Pay Roll from the I th of Octr untill the 25 h of Novr I782 Bundled Entered as above Capt. James Rodgers Pay Roll from the 29th of June untill the Sixth of July 1782 Entered and Bundled as above- Capt. Rodgers Pay Roll from the 4Lb of May until the IIth 1782 Entered and Bundled as above JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 329 Lieut. Geo. Wilsons Pay Roll from the 21st of Octr untill the 25tb of Novr I782. Entered and Bundled as above At the desire of the Lieut. his pay is settled as a Private - Capt. Dan! Halls Pay Roll from the i8th July untill the 25tb of August 1780. Entered and Bundled as before. There being but fifteen Privates in Capt Halls Pay Roll, the Commissioners are of opinion that the CaptO Should receive Pay as an Ensign, the Ensign as a Sergeant- the Sergeants as Privates. CaptO Hardy Hills Pay Roll from the i8lb of July untill the 2I0 of August 1780 See Bundle Jefferson Militia Entered in Page 165 From the Number of men on Capt Hills Pay Roll the Comm- are of opinion that the Captain should only be paid as an Ensn the Lt as a Sergeant the Ensign Sergeants as Privates. Also Captain Hills Pay Roll for Rations found from the i8th of July untill the 2I " of August 1780- both entered and bundled as above - It apears that the Rations Specified in Capt Hills pay Roll were furnish'd agreeable to orders from Genl Clark considering the great Scarcity of provisions at the Time; the Corn" are of opinion that it should be Settled at one Shilling the Ration Capt Charles Polks Pay Roll from the i8l of July untill the 2i0' of August I780-as also a Pay Roll for Rations of the same dates Entered Bundled as above From the number of men in Capt. Polks Pay Roll the Commrs are of opinion that the Capt. ought to draw pay as Lieut. the Lieut. the pay of Ensign and the youngest Sergeant the Pay of a private - It appears that the rations specified in Capt. roll, were furnished agreeable to Gen! Clarks orders, and on account of the scarcity of provisions at that time the Comm'- are of opinion that it Should be Settled at one Shilling p Ration- Capt. Richd Chinowiths Pay Roll from the 20tP of Octr untill the 24 " Nov. I782 -Entered and Bundled as above The Commisrs are of opinion that from the Number of Men in Capt. Chinowiths Pay Roll the Capt. is to receive pay as Lieut. the Lieut. as Ensign and two Sergeants as privates. Capt Danl. Halls Pay Roll from the I8th of July untill 330 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS the 2It of august 1780 for Rations - See Bundle Jefferson Militia, Entered in Page i66 - It appears that the rations specified in Capt Halls Roll were fur- nished in Consequence of Orders from Geni Clark, and on the Accl of the great Scarcity of provisions at that time the Commrts think it reasonable that it should be settled at one Shilling the ration Captn. James Davis' Pay Roll from the 24th of June untill the 13'h of July 1782- Entered and bundled as above - From the Number of Men in Capt. Davis's Roll, the Com. missioners are of opinion that the Capt. should only be paid as an Ensign one of the Sergeants as a private - 58 Capt. Peter Asturgus' Pay Roll from the i8t4 of July until the 20' of Augt 1780- also his Pay Roll for rations furnished during the above Service-Entered and Bundled as above From the Number of men on Capt Asturgus Pay Roll the Comm-m are of Opinion that the Second Lieut should only receive the pay of Ensu the Ensa the pay of a Sergeant and the two youngest Sergents the pay of privates It also appears that the rations Specified in Capt. Asturgus's Roll were furnished in consequence of Gen! Clarks orders, and from the scarcity of provisions at the time the Comm- are of opinion it should be Settled at one Shilling the ration. Captg Aqulla Whitikers Pay Roll from the 3 it of May untill the 220 of June following in 1782 Entered Bundled as above Capt. James Pattons Pay Roll from the ioth of April untill the 3' of May I782 Entered and bundled as above - From the number of men on the above roll the Commissioners are of Opinion that the Capt. should only receive Lieuts pay, the Lieut. Ensigns pay, the Ensign Sergeants pay and the youngest Sergeant the pay of a private. Capt. John Vautries Pay Roll from the 20h of March untill the 8th of April 1782. Entered and Bundled as above Capt James Asturgus Pay Roll from 2It of October untill the 25 of Novr 1782 Entered and Bundled as above From the Number of Men in Capt. Asturgus' Pay Roll the Commrs. are of opinion that the Capt. should receive pay as Lieu- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 331 tenant the Lieut. the pay of an Ensign the Ensa pay as Sergeant the youngest Sergeant the pay of a Private. Captn. James Pattons Pay Roll from the I5t' of July untill the 25 of August 1780. Entered and Bundled as above - From the number of men in Capt. Pattons Pay Roll the Commr' are of opinion that the youngest Sergeant should receive pay as Private. Capt. Lewis Hickman's Pay Roll from the i8lh of July untill the 25 of August 1780. Entered and Bundled as above. Also his Pay Roll for Rations furnished during the above term Specified in his roll. From the Number of Men in this Pay Roll the Commr' are of opinion that the Capt. Should only receive the pay of Lieut The Lieut the pay of EnsO, the EnsO pay as Sergeant the youngest Sergeant the pay of a Private It also appears that the rations Specified in Capt Hickmans Roll were furnished agreeable to an order from GenT Clark, and on acct of the great Scarcity of Provisions at the time, The Comm" are of Opinion that it should be Settled at one Shilling the ration. Capt. Aquilla Whitakers Pay Roll from the 2I1t of Octr untill the 25th of Novr I782. See Bundle Jefferson Militia Entered in Page i66 From the number of men in Captain Whitakers Pay Roll the Commrs are of Opinion that the Capt. should only receive pay as Lt the Lt. the pay of an EnsP the EnsP the Pay of a Sergeant and the two youngest Sergeants the pay of Privates - Also Capt. Whitakers Pay Roll from the I5th of June untill the 20t 1782 Entered bundled as above Sergeant RichO Lees Pay Roll from June it untill the i6th 178I. Entered and Bundled as above It appears that there is due to Morris Hansbrough three pounds Eighteen Shillings as p Vouch- entered in Page I7I It appears to the Commrs that there is due to Capt James Sullivan twenty five pounds for going Express from the Falls of Ohio to Richmond as p Vouchr Entd in Page 175 It also appears that Capt. Sullivan was employed 38 Days on the Expedition against the Shawanoes in the year I780, as Horse master and that the Service was performed Faithfully. But as the 332 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Commis- are not acquainted with the Usual allowance they refer it to the Auditors to affix his Wages There appears due to Geo. Wilson on a Certificate recd. by the CommrE for rations furnished on the Expedition in 1780. one pound Six Shillings three pence, also on Acct Sign4 by Gen] Clark, for boarding Soldiers in 1779. I780 amtg to twenty five pounds. Likewise an Acct of his Wages as issuing ComY for thirteen Months two days for pound; 156 i0 S. Entered in Page 184 The Board not having the State Establishmt' before them are induced from a letter of Colo William Davises respecting Martin Carney, Deputy Quarter Master in the Illinois Department to allow Mr. George Wilson 40 Dollars p month as Specified above. It appears there is due to Jane Grant for twenty one days Horse hire the Sum of one pound Eleven Shillings three pence Specie entered in Page i63 It appears to the Commrs that there is due to James Brown Sergeant, Six pounds for a Rifle Gun lost in the Service of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page 177 It appears to the Commrs that there is due to Samuel Eakin Eight pounds twelve Shillings Six pence for twenty three days Service as Express as p Voucher Entered in Page - It appears to the Commrs that there is due from the State of Virginia to Graves Wapshot the sum of one pound Six Shillings one penny Half penny, for Flour furnished himself on an Expedition in the year 1780 --also a Hunting Shirt lost in service as p Vouchr Entered in Page 173- It appears to the Commn8 there is due to George Grundy the sum of three pounds for Sixty rations furnished a Sick Soldier c. as p Voucher Entered in Page I69 - It appears to the Commissrs that there is due to EdwO Holman Assee-of Noah Cruse, the sum of two pounds Six pence for thir- teen days work at the Row Galley as p Voucher Entered in Page 178 The Commissioners received a Letter from General Clark of the 23d Inst. enclosing one from Majr Walls with a Regimental return returns of Stores at Fort Nelson, on which the Board had a Conference with the General Majr and Gave it as their opinion JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 333 that a State of the whole ought immediately to be sent to Govern- ment. See No. 6. The Board received a letter from General Clark of the 25th, See N9 7 requesting the Commissioners to join him in the repre- sentation to Government. Adjourned until Tomorrow Morning Wednesday FebY 26th. Met according to adjournment. Present as before It appears to Commr- that there is due from the State of Virginia to CaptO Kellar Joshua Archer five pounds two Shillings Six pence Specie as p Voucher recd. EnterO in Page i82. Also there appears to be due from the State to Joshua Archer Eighteen pounds Six Shillings Six pence Specie as p Vouchers recd Entered in Page i82- It appears that the Estate of James Robinson is Entitled to receive pay agreeable to Certificates receivd for nine hundred forty five days service of his Negro Caesar to be paid at the rates usually allowed to Artificers by the State entered in Page i85 Receivd of Captain Payette Vouchers Accts of Issues c for the year 1778 of provisions c. at the Falls of Ohio whilst he acted as Commissary by Cole Bowmans Orders by which it appears the Issues exceeded what he received in several articles pork excepted which was ordered to be served out fresh and no proper returns made It appears to the commissioners that there is due to John McGar for Services as Express at different times to St Vincents c twenty one pounds twelve Shillings as p Voucher recd Entered in Page 175 It appears to the Comm-' that there is due to Buckner Pitman four pounds ten Shillings for going Express from the Falls of Ohio to Cola Logan c Also for services as Boat Master at Fort Jeffer- son Twelve pounds two Shillings Eight pence as p Vouchers recd. Entered in Page I82 It appears that there is due to Edwd Johnson for work at the Row Galley 120 days at one Dollar p day amt 120 Dollars as p Voucher Entered in Page 178 Recd of Captain Payette his Pay Roll for a Compy of Mariens, Commencing in March and ending in Septr 1782 334 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Received of Capt. Robt George an account against the State for discharging a Doctors Bill for a Soldier amounting to five pounds Specie John McGar came before the Board of Commissioners and made oath that the State of Virginia was indebted to him fifty six pounds two Shillings for Services under Colo Rodgers on the Voyage to New Orleans But as no other Voucher is produced, the Commu refer it to the Determination of the Auditors-Entered in Page 175 It appears to the Commism that there is due to Josiah Phelps Sixty Six pounds for two Horses a Saddle Bridle lost in the Service of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page i63 It also appears that there is due to William Cummins forty Pounds for a mare lost in the Service of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page I63 Received a Pay Roll for Part of Captain Chinowiths Com- pany of Militia in Jefferson County from the 20 of April until the 12 May 1782 See Bundle Jefferson Militia EntO in Page i66 It appears to the Commm that there is due to James Patton nine pounds Eight Seven pence for a Quantity of Meat Flour furnishd the Troops at Fort Nelson as p Vouchr Entered in Page 184 It appears to the Comml that there is due to Joshua Archer twelve pounds ten Shillings four pence for Buffalo Beef Bear Meat furnishO Capt" Georges Troops as pV Vouchr EntO in Page 182 It appears that there is due to John Nelson two pounds Six Shillings Eight pence for I40 - of Pork as p Voucher, Entered in Page 184. It appears that there is due to Mark Thomas Six pounds for furnishing the State Troops with fifteen pair of shoes at eight Shil- lings p pair as pr. Voucher Enters in Page i84 - It appears to the Comm-l that there is due to James Asturgus James Welch three pounds ten Shillinds for services as Spies in Jefferson County as p Voucher Entd in Page I75- It appears that there is due to Israel Ruland ass'e of John Vaughan Sixteen pounds thirteen four pence as bounty for en- listing as a Soldier as p Voucher Entered in Page i85 - JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 335 It appears to the Board there is due to Levi Theel as Bounty for Enlisting Sixteen pounds thirteen Shillings four pence as p Voucher received Entered in Page i85- It appears to the Commissioners that BenjP Pope furnished a Beef Cow to the Troops at Fort Nelson, by the Commissarys Books, and adjudged the price to be four pounds ten Shillings as p Voucher; It also appears that there is due to Mr Pope for Sixty Pounds of Iron furnish'd said Troops Six Pounds as p Voucher- Both en. tered in Page i84 It appears to the Commrs that there is due to Lt George Wil- son Nine Pounds, for thirty Six days Service as an issuing Commisy on an Expedition in the year I782 as pr Certificate. Entered in Page i66 in Bundle Jefferson Militia Thursday FebY 27th Met according to adjournment Present as before Recd from Capt John Bailey Pay Rolls from Novr I78i to FebY 1783 likewise a Certificate for his pay as Lieut for 305 days from May 9th I779 to the 9th March I780- Also Captain Brashears Pay Roll from the 30th of May 1780 to November 30t" 1781 inclusive with a Muster Roll recruiting Account - RecO from Capt. Robt. George Pay Rolls Muster Rolls from the 4t) of June 1779 to the first of FebT 1783 also a list of his Inlistments and Bounty money Paid, also a Certificate for a disabled Soldier RecO from ColP John Montgomery Capt. Williams Pay Roll for I779 beginning May 29th Ending May 28h 1780 likewise from the first of June I780 to the first of Decr 178i Also a Countersigno Acct for Bounty Money-likewise Capt. Isaac Taylors pay Roll for his Compy from Decr 31st 1778 untill Augt 22, 1780 likewise Capt Thoo Quirks pay Roll for his Comy begining Decr 1778 ending Augt i0th 1779 Also Lt Ramsey's Own Pay Roll for May, June, July, Augut, Sept. part of October I780 Likewise his own account for pay as Lieut Colo, from the first of JanY 1782 to the first of May 1782 likewise his Forrage Acct D Recd from Capt. Thomas his Pay Rolls to Novr 30th 1781 336 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS also Decr 2 I1 178 I- likewise the Muster Roll and Several re- ceipts It appears to the Comm'u that there is due to Peter Coleman David Glenn for going Express from the Natchez to the Falls of Ohio fifty four pounds Specie Unless it Should appear that the Same has already been paid in Consequence of a former Certificate mentioned in the Voucht to be lost by Colo Todd. Entered in Page 175 It appears to the Commrn that there is due to Edward Tyler Six pounds one Shillf and nine pence, for 574 feet of Plank three days Horse hire 1731b Flour as p Voucher recd Entered in Page 184 It appears to the Commra that there is due to Robt Floyd Seventeen pounds fifteen Shillings for Sundry Services performd as Express, and his Expenses attending it as p Voucher Entered in Page I75 It also appears that there is due to Daniel Sullivan thirty Pounds thirteen Shillings for Sundry Services performed and Ex- penses attending it as p Voucher Entered in Page 175 It appears to the Commrn that there is due to David Glenn, Seven Pounds Sixteen Shillings for going Express from the Falls of Ohio to Kaskaskias St. Vincents as p Voucher Recd Entered in Page 175- The Depositions of Sundry Persons were taken relative to Capt Shannon's Conduct as Comy and Quarter Master, See Deposi- tions in Bundle Illinois Department N0 33, 34, 35. Received of Mr Israel Dodge duplicates of Capt John Dodges Accounts against the Officers and two abstracts of Issues of his own whilst acting in that Department - Received by Lieut Clark Capt Geraults Pay rolls for Decr 1781, and to the first of Augst 1782- The Board received Colo. Montgomerys Deposition relative to Bills of Exchange Drawn by him on Oliver Pollock c wrote by himself and Sworn to before the Board, See Deposition NQ i in Colo MontgY Acct" Page 67 Adjourned to meet at ColQ Bowmans in Lincoln County. Friday March 7th Met according to adjournment Present William JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 337 Fleming, Sam! M'Dowell Caleb Wallace Colo Marshall absent in Fayette County on Private Business The Board was employed, preparing papers to be sent to Government by Express Adjourned till Tomorrow morning Saturday March 8th Met according to adjournment present as before The Board continued preparing the packett to Government as on the preceding day - Adjourned till Tomorrow Morning Sunday March 9k" Met according to adjournment Present as before. The Commisi- furnished the Dispatches and delivered them to Martin Carney, the Express Adjourned to Meet at Lexinton in Fayette County Tuesday March iitO Met according to adjournmt Present William Fleming ThoW Marshall, Saml M'Dowell Caleb Wal- lace Esq- It appears to the Commvs that there is due to Daniel McClain three pounds Seventeen Shillings three pence for Services as a Commy at Lexington as p Voucher Entered in Page i67 It appears that there is due to Hugh Martin two pounds, Seventeen Shillings Seven pence Half penny for Beef c furnished for the use of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 It appears that there is due to Henry McDonald one pound Eight Shillings five pence for Beef furnished for the use of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 It appears that there is due to Danl McClain One pound, for services when Commissary in the Service of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page i67 It appears that there is due to William Martin one pound two Shillings Six pence for rations furnishd for the use of the State, p Voucher Entered in Page i69 It appears that there is due to Alexr. ifcClain fifteen Shil. lings for service as a Spy as p Voucher Entered in Page I75 It appears that there is due to Robert Patterson Six pounds, for Three Hundred Seventy five pounds of dry Beef as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 It appears that there is due to James Wason Seven Pounds four Shillings three pence three farthings for Four Hundred 338 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS fifty one pounds of dry Beef as p Voucher Entered in Page I73 It appears that there is due to JnQ McDonal five pounds Sixteen Shillings for three Hundred weight of dry Beef thirty seven pounds of Tallow furnished for the use of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 - Received of John Pleak EnsO His Pay Roll from the 25th of March untill the i5 of June I78i See Bundle Fayette Militia, the amount of which is pound; 53",1I",53/2 Entered in Page 67 - from the Number of men on Ensa Pleaks Pay Roll the Com- missioners are of opinion that the Ensign should only receive the pay of a Sergeant It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Michl Warneck five pounds Eighteen Shillings four pence for Seven hundred Eighty nine pounds of Beef as p Voucr Entered in Page I73 It appears that there is due to Francis McDermoth Twenty three pounds Eight Shillings, for work done on the Row Galley and service performed in Salting Beef as p Vouchers Entered in Page I78 It appears that there is due to Samuel Kelly Two pounds two Shillings for Rations furnished two Soldiers of the Green Bryer Militia as p Voucher Entered in Page i6g It appears that there is due to Robt Thompson Nine pounds Eighteen Shillings, for Salting Smoaking Beef for the State Sixty Six days at three Shillings p day as p Voucher Entered in Page 167 Adjourned till Tomorrow morning Wednesday March 12tb Met according to adjournment present as before. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Nicolas Brabston One pound Eleven Shillings three pence for the hire of a Mare 25 days on an Expedition as p Voucher Entered in Page i63 It appears that there is due to Sam Johnson Eighteen Shil- lings for three days Service as Express as p Voucher Entered in Page 175 It appears that there is due to James McConnel twelve pounds for Making three Canoes for the use of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page i67 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 339 Received Lieutenant Thomas Stevenson's Pay Roll from the 20t of July untill the 29th Amount Entered in Page i67 It appears to the commissioners that there is due to Michl Warnick Six pounds thirteen four pence for building a Store House at Lees Town as p Voucher Entered in Page i67 It appears that there is due to James Alexander McConnel the sum of two pounds two Shillings, for their Services as Spies- p Voucher Entered in Page 175- It appears that there is due to Thor Fecklin five pounds fifteen Shillings for a Rifle Gun lost at the defeat at the Blue Licks, p Voucher Entered in Page i67 . It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Robt Sanders Eight pounds three Shillings for the Hire of three Horses in the Service of the State; also for sundries one pound fourteen Shillings Six pence, as p Vouchers Entered in Page i63 - It appears that there is due to John Little, one pound four Shillings for his service as a Spy as p Voucher Entered in Page 175 It appears that there is due to Robt Johnson, John Sugget Michl Stucker Joseph Rodgers Fifty pounds ten Shillings for Corn c as p Acct. and Vouchers Entered in Page 171- It appears that there is due to Andw Steel for Service as Quarter Master Commissary in the service of the State Seventy Eight pounds ten Shillings and Nine pence as p Account Voucher Received- Entered in Page i68 It appears that there is due to Levi Todd Ass" of John Napper the Sum of three pounds Nine Shillings two pence for Beef as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 It appears that there is due to Jas. Masterson five pounds four Shillings six pence for service as a Spy also to John Napper for Service as a Spy one pound four Shillings six pence as p Vouch- ers Entered in Page 176 It appears that there is due to the Estate of Thor Stevenson Five pounds for a Rifle Gun lost at Colo. Todds defeat as p Voucher Entered in Page i68 It appears that there is due to Van Sweringen Eighteen pounds Six Shillings for 2032 '1 of Beef as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 340 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Received CaptQ Robt Pattersons Pay Roll from the 20th of June untill the 26th of July 1782 - See Bundle Fayette Militia, amount Entered in Page i68 Received Capt. William McConnels Pay Roll for Baggage horses on an Expedition from the 23' of October untill the 24th of Novr 1782 Entered and Bundled as above- Recd Lieutenant Francis McDonalds Pay Roll from the I3tb of Jany until the 24th 1783 for Guarding the Commissioners also from the 9th of March until the I th on the Same duty with Pay Rolls for Horses rations forrage of the Same dates Entered Bundled as above From the number of men on Lieutenant M\1cDonald's Pay Rolls the Commisla are of opinion that he Should receive the Pay of a Sergeant It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to William McConnel, one pound twelve Shillings, for one Hundred pounds of dry Beef as pr Voucher Entered in Page Adjourned untill Tomorrow morning Thursday March IP3t I783 Met according to adjournment Present as before Recd a List of appraisments of Horses, Guns c lost at the Battle of the Blue Licks August 19" 1782 containing the fol- lowing Acct with appraismt Bills from Colo. Daniel Boone L, S d Jacob Hunter a Black Mare appr0' to 30 William Shott a Black Mare " 20 Thos. Brooks a Rone Horse " 20 Dan' Boone a Brown Horse" i6 ditto a Black mare " 20 John Sucey a Bay Horse 14 Joseph Schola a Bay Mare I8 L S d John Little, a Bay Horse appraised 8 Pegg Stucker aVWhite Horse " 10 William Shannon decd. a Bay Mare Saddle bridle Blanket- aprd. 2iL Ephraim January a Sorrel Horse aprd. 8 Matthew Patterson a Bay Horse 1 3 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 341 John Hambleton a Gray Mare " 25 James January a Black Horse " 17 BenjP Neatherland a Bay Horse " 6 John Stevenson a Bay Mare " 22 IO Jane Wiley, wife of Matthew Wiley decd a horse appraised 6 John Nutt, a Gray Horse appraisd. do 15 Dan Boone two guns do I2 Joseph Oldfield decd. One Gun" do 5 Squire Boone Wounded one Gun " 6 John Morgan Killed " " " 7 10 Sam! Boone " " " 7 Dan! Boone One Saddle " 3 Jacob Hunter " " " 2 Chs. Hunter, one Saddle Bridle do 3 John Morgan One Saddle I- IO Mlordecai Morgan One Saddle 2. AndW Rule " " 3 Alexr Penlin one Saddle 2 Joseph Oldfield one saddle I IO Sam] Shortridge One Saddle - I5 Bertley Sucey one Blanket Sam! Boone two blankets I 7 L s d Alexr Penlin One Blanket apprd. 10 Sam! Shortridge one Blanket IO John Morgan One Blanket 10 Joseph Sholl one Blanket I 2 do . one Saddle For the amount of the above See Page 264. Also a list of appraisments of horses etc lost at Capt. Constants Defeat on the I4th of August 1782 at the Upper Blue Licks. List continued. L S d James Buchanan, a Bay horse appraised 25 ditto a Sorrel mare 25 John Douglas two Guns 7 Aquilla White one Bay MXare 8 342 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS William Stevenson a sorrel horse " 15 Emanuel Kelly one gun saddle 4 Elizabeth Clemons a Rone mare 14 ditto a Bay Mare 10 ditto one Saddle Blanket 2 John Long one Saddle 1 --5 Total Amt Enterd in Page i68- 73 The Board having Carefully enquired into the propriety of the Claims contained in the foregoing List, find that the Horses c, were ordered to be taken into the Service of the Militia of Fayette County by Colo Todd and Capt. Constant in Cases of Emergency that would not admit of appraisments being made Certificates given in the usual way. Appraisments Certificates have therefore been obtained Subsequent to the loss of the property, which the Board are enduced to receive as just and true; And as that County was then Invaded by a large Body of Enemy Indians, which required the utmost Exertions of the Militia, without a Strict attention to the forms prescribed by Law The Board are of opinion that the several Claimants should be paid agreeable to their appraismt Bills for the Horses Saddles Bridles Guns lost in the above Named defeats. Received of Colo. Daniel Boone the Following certificates and appraisments- John Niblecks certificate for 7j bushels of corn I4P June I78i Fifteen Shillings 15 Wm. Niblock i Saddle Augst 20th 1780 pound; I " I I-41 Benjn Neatherlands Cert. for a Horse in Service on an Expedition in I 782 under GenT Clark L I- i8-- 9 James Masterson-ditto- ditto pound; I- I8- - 9 John Torrance " " I- i8-- 9 Sam! Kelly " " I- I8- - 9 Richd Wade Late CaptO Cert. for his pay as a Soldr. and his Gun Lost 68,, 14 Thor Tuke ditto ditto 125 1 7 4 Sam! Brooks ditto ditto 127 I8 8 William Brooks ditto ditto go 14 8 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 343 Colo. Boons pay acc for the Expedition 1782 i8 12 0 Colo. Pattersons pay acct for ditto 15 10 0 The CommrA have reduced Colo. Boones pay from Colo. to Lieut ColQ and Lieut Colo Pattersons pay to a Majors but have not determind whether they are entitled to Subsistance It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to David Mitchel William Mitchel Seventeen pounds twelve Shillings two pence for Beef furnished for the use of the State as p Voucher Entered in Page 173 It appears that there is due to John Clarke one pound Eigh- teen Shillings four pence half penny for Service as a Spy as p Voucher Entered in Page I76- It appears that there is due to Jn' Long One pound Six Shillings Nine pence for Horse hire as p Voucher Entered in Page I 63 It appears that there is due to Rob Johnson, David Hearn- don, John Ficklin, Wainwright Lay Benjq Smith, Nine pounds and Seven Shillings and Six pence for horse hire as p Voucher Entered in Page i63 -It also appears that there is due to John Williams for Service as a Spy in April June 178i four pounds four Shillings as p Voucher Entered in Page I76 Recd of Capt. Robt Todd his Pay Roll for a CompY of the Illinois Regiment from the 20't of December 1778 untill the i-9 of June 1780 - Also a State of his account with the State of Virginia Recd of Colo. Levi Todd an Account against the State for building the Fort at Lexington, amount of the Ballance due to Sundries Ninety two pounds three Shillings and Six pence - Entered in Page i68 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to William Stafford two pounds two Shillings and Six pence for Bear meat c as p Voucher Entered in Page 173-Also to James McCullough three pounds twelve Shillings for a Beef Steer as p Vouchr as above Likewise to Hugh McGary Sixteen Shillings for Eight Bushels of corn- Entered as above And to Thod Smoot one pound for ten Bushels of Corn En- tered as above- 344 ILLINOIS HISTORICAIL COLLECTIONS Received a Pay Roll for a Detachment of Capt Robt Patter- sons Compy under the Command of Lieut Jn9 Morrison in the Months of May June July 178 i- Amount entered in Page x68- In this Pay Roll the Lieut for the Month of May is to receive Ensigns pay, the Ensu Sergeant's the Sergeant as a pri- vate, and in the month of June the Lieut to receive Ensigns pay the other Lieut to receive Sergeants pay Adjourned to Meet at Colo Bowman's in Lincoln County on Monday next Monday March 17t" Met according to adjournment Present William Fleming Sam! M'Dowell Caleb Wallace Esqrs Coll Marshall absent in Fayette County- The Commissr, find that Cole John Todd Escheator of Fay- ette County sold two Thousand acres of land-the property of British Subjects. Heirs of Lieut Polson in two separate serveys of one Thousand Acres Each both being in Fayette County, One of which he sold to Col9 Joseph Crockett lying on Jesamin Creek for six hundred pounds, the other Tract he sold to John McClure of Augusta County for Three hundred Fifty six pounds for both which Tracts the Escheator took bonds for the payment on the pur- chasors after deducting three p Ct. his Fees as Escheator which brings ColQ Crockets Bond to Five hundred Eighty two pounds and John McClures to Three hundred Forty five pounds six Shillings six pence-ColQ Crocketts bond is in Coll Jn2 Montgomery's pos- session who has a part of the purchase, but whether the Money is paid into the Treasury we cannot say but think it is not as Mont- gomery reports, Officers Certificates were offered in discharge, which were not received, How the Bond came into Jn9 Montgomerys hands we cannot account for, McClure's Bond for L. 345.-6.-6 the Executor still has in his possession The Commisr, have to observe that the Escheator did not act agreeable to Law, in taking bonds in lieu of Money, but that the land could not be sold for ready money, or greatly below the Vallue. Adjourned till Tomorrow Morning. Tuesday March i8th Met according to adjournment pres- ent as before RecO Monsr Gratiotts AccVs Vouch for consideration Adjournd till Tomorrow morning- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 345 Wednesday March I9th Met according to adjournment Present as before The Commissioners were engaged in examining Sund- Accl, in their possession which are not finally Settled- AdjournO till Tomorrow Morning. Thirsday March 20th Met according to adjournment, present as before RecO of Mr Jacob Payette Coin! the following Receipts Certificates Viz -- A Certificate in favour of Sam! Stroud for 36 days Service at Six pence p Day (when reduced by the Scale) amount thirteen Shillings Six pence p Vouchr Entered in Page i84 A Certificate in favour of Geo. Puff for 212 Rations at Eight pence p Ration amt Seven Pounds one Shilling four pence p Vouchr Entered in Page I 69 One in favour of George Owens for I34 Rations amt four Pounds nine Shillings four Pence Entered in Page I69 Also a Receipt for Beef c furnish4 by JnQ Sanders amt two Pounds one Shilling Six pence p Voucher Entered in Page I73 It appears to the Commisl: that there is due to Mr. Jacob Pyeatte for service as issuing Commy at the Falls of Ohio Seventy three pounds twelve Shillings as p Voucher Entered in Page 184 It appears to the Comm- that there is due to Samuel Rice for diets to Soldiers on ComO Three Pounds as p Voucher in Bundle A. EntO in Page i69 It also appears that there is due to Sam! Rice for Horse hire Five Shilings p Voucher Entered in Page i63 The Board Received of ColQ BenjP Logan of Lincoln County the following Pay Rolls Accounts of the Militia Viz:- Capt John Boyles Pay roll from the i8th of July untill 13th Auglg 1782- Also his Pay Roll from the 81h of October untill I5 1782- See Bundle Lincoln Militia Am' Entered in Page 159 From the number of men in CaptO Boyles Pay Roll the Comnmr" are of opinion that the Capt. should receive LieutV Pay the Lieut Ensigns pay in his Roll for Aug; and the Capt4 in the Roll for Octr to receive Sergeants Pay 346 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Capt JnQ Boyles Pay Roll from the 28th of May untill the i81h of June 1782- Bundled and Entered as above Capt Jno Boyles Pay Roll from the i8th of August untill the 27th 1782, Bundled and Entered as above -In this Pay roll the Commrs are of opinion that the Capt should draw Lieut Pay the Lieut Ensl pay, and the Ensu Sergeants. Capt W'1 McBridem Pay Roll from the 20th of April untill 20t' of May 1782, EntO and bundled as above Lieut Jno Souths Pay Roll from the 24th of June untill the 24th of July 1782- Also his Pay Roll from the it of Octobr untill let of November 1782 Bundled Entered as above From the Number of men in Lieut Souths Pay Rolls the Commis.rs are of opinion that in the Roll for July he is to re. recie Sergeants Pay and Pay as Ensign for the Roll in November - Adjourned untill Tomorrow morning Friday March 210t 1783 Met according to adjournmt present as before Received of Cole Benjn Logan the following Pay Rolls c for the militia of Limcoln County. Captain Nathl Harts Pay Roll from the 24th of May untill 24w' of June 1782 See Bundle Lincoln Militia amt Entered in Page From the Number of Men in Capt. Harts Pay Roll the Com- missioners are of opinion that the Captain is to receive Sergeants Pay. Capt. Joseph Kincades Pay Roll from the I 7t of August untill 26fia 1782. Bundled and Entered as above Also in Capt. Kinkeads Pay Roll, the CaptO is to receive pay as Lieut the Lieut. as Ensign the Ensign as Sergeant Capt. George Adams Pay Roll from the 29gt of June untill the 25th Of July 1782. Bundled and Entered as above From the Number of Men in Capt Adams Pay Roll the Comm-s are of Opinion that the Capt. should receive Pay as Sergeant and the Ensign as Private Capt. John Snoddys Pay Roll from the 40' May untill 40 of June 1782 Bundled entered as above- The Comm-' are of opinion that Captn Snoddy is to receive pay as an Ensign JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 347 Ensign Elisha Clarys Pay Roll from the i1h of June untill 12th of July 1782 Entered and Bundled as above. Ensign Clarys Pay Roll from the 18th Of July untill the 19th of Augt 1782, Entered Bundled as above-The Commra are of opinion that Ens4 Clary in his pay Roll for Augat should re- ceive pay as a Sergeant Ensign Wm Caseys Pay Roll from the Oat of April untill the 30th 1782, Bundled Entered as above Capt John Woods Pay Roll from the 3' of April untill I7'h of October I782 Bundled and Entered as before It appears to the Board that Captain Woods Pay roll is just and ought to be settled; as by the Information of Colo. Logan the Capt. was on duty for the time Mentioned in his Roll and that the Men were changed every Month; and an Ensigns Guard was ordered by ColQ Logan from which circumstances, the Commu are of opinion that Capt. Woods should receive Pay as Ensign Capt. Nathan Houstons Pay Roll from the 22d of October untill the 24th of November I782. Entered Bundled as before- The Commisr- are of opinion that Capt. Houston is to receive Lieu- tenants pay Capt. George Adams Pay Roll from the Octr 22 untill the 24th of November I782, Entered and bundled as above- The Comm- are of opinion that Capt. Adams ought to re- ceive Ensigns pay the Lieut. Sergeants and the Sergeant pay as a private- Capt. John Snoddys Pay Roll from the 22d of Octr untill the 25th of November I782 Entered and Bundled as before Capt. John Irvines Pay Roll from the 224 of October untill the 24th of November I782-Entd and Bundled as before. The Commrs are of opinion that Capt. Irving in his Pay Roll is to receive pay as Lieut. the Lieut Ensigns pay. The Quarter MIaster acted for the Batallion, also the Quarter Masters Sergeant Ser- geant Major, Servd for the Batallion 8i Capt" Sam! Kirkhams Pay Roll from the 26tb of June untill the 3i0' of July 178I. See Bundle Lincoln Militia Amount EnterO in Page i6o-The Commrs are of opinion that Capt. Kirkham, by his pay Roll, is to receive Lieut1 pay the Lieut Ensigns pay 348 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Capt. John Woods Pay Roll from the 24th of Octr untill 24'P of Novr. 1782 EnterO Bundled as before It appears to the Commrs that CaptP Woods in his pay Roll is to receive pay as an Ensign. Capt. Sam! Kirkhams pay Roll from the 22d of Septr untill the 21t' of Octr 1782- Enterd and Bundled as before Capt. Gabi Madisons Pay Roll from the 22d of October untill the 3d of NovT 1782, Enterd and Bundled as above- It apears to the Commissioners that Capt. Madison in his Roll is to receive Lieut Pay the Lieutenant Ens"- and the Ens" pay as a Sergeant one of the Sergeants to receive Privates pay Capt John Dohertys Pay Roll from the 22d of July untill the 22d of August 1782 Entered Bundled as before-It appears that Captain Doherty in his Roll should receive Lieu' Pay the Lieul Ensigns and the Ensign Sergeants pay. CaptQ Thoo Moores Pay Roll from the 4th of Novr untill the 234 1782 Bundled Entered as above It appears to the Commr, that Capt Moore in his Pay Roll is entitled to Lieuts Pay the Lieut Ensigns Pay, and the Ensign Pay as a Sergeant the youngest Sergeant as a Private Soldier. Capt. Samuel McAfees Pay Roll from the 221 of October untill the 23' of November 1782 EnterO Bundled as before. It appears to the Comm! that Capt M-Afee in his Roll is to receive Lieuts pay the Lieut Ensigns pay the Ensign pay as a Sergeant two of the Serg1 as privates. Capt. Sam! Kirkhams Pay Roll from the 22d of October untill 23d Novr. 1782, Enterd and Bundled as before Captn. James Downeys Pay Roll from the 24't of Octr untill 24t' of November 1782. Amt Entered Bundled as before. CaptP Sam'. Scotts Pay Roll from the 22d of Feby. untill the 22d of March I782 Entered Bundled as before-From the Number of Men in Capt. Scotts pay Roll the Commrt are of opinion that the Captn. Should receive Lieuuo. Pay. Capt. Simon Kentons Pay Roll from the 23' of Octr untill 23" of November 1782 Enterd Bundled as before It appears to the Commrs that Capt Kenton is only entitled JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 349 to Laieux pay the Lieut. to pay as Ensign the Ensign, Sergeants Pay. Ensign Thoo. Montgomerys Pay Roll from the 28th of Feb, untill the 0i of April I782, Enterd and Bundled as before Capt. William Hoys Pay Roll from the 24th of Octr. untill the 4h of November I782. Entered Bundled as before -From the Number of Men in Captain Hoys Pay Roll the Commrs are of opinion that the Capt is only Entitled to receive Lieutenants Pay the Lieut Ensigns pay. Adjournd till Tomorrow morning Saturday March 22d 1783 Met according to adjournment Present as before The Board proceeded to settle Mr. James Sherlocks Accounts as French Indian Interpreter, recd. at New Holland Station in Jefferson County, and find by Q Master Carney Dodges accounts a number of articles of Cloathing c. Charged to his Acct. which are Stated to be Credited to the State and Bundled with his account, And as the Commrs are not furnishd with an Invoice of the prices of the Goods, they are Induced to defer the Settlement - See Bundle WI N0 4 It appears to the Commrs that there is due to Elizabeth Swan Administratrix of John Swan deceasd the sum of Twelve pounds five Shillings four pence for 578'' of Flour at 36i p. Ct 149"' of Pork at 3' p. kb p. Vouchr. Enterd in Page 173 It appears that there is due to John Templin Twelve Shil- lings three pence three farthings For Forrage furnishd. the State p. Vouchr Enterd in Page 171 An account of Capt Isaac Ruddles was laid before the Board for his Compy Rations when the Illinois Country was taken by Colo. Clark the Money has been drawn by COPe Montgomery at the Treasury and carried by him to Kaskaskias from whence he sent it by Isaac Bowman on from thence to be deliverO to Isaac Ruddle, on the passage Isaac Bowman being taken by Indians his papers destroyO, yet saved the Money, and after he was set at liberty gave it to Mr Pollock, for this reason and as part of it seems to be a private Account. The Commrs could not settle it "Papers put into Bundle 5) The Commissioners Recd a Pay Roll of Capt Isaac Ruddles 350 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Company of Militia on Duty at Licking Creek Station, from the ioth of March untill the 24th of June 1780-See Bundle Fayette Militia Amt Enters in Page i68 It appears to the Board by ColP Bowmans Certificate that Capt. Ruddles Comy of Militia of Kentucky County was on duty from the WIti of March untill the 24th of June 1780, When they were Captured by Capt. Bird from Detroit a party of Indians; and the Fort at Licking destroyed- It is the opinion of the CommU that the money remain in the Treasury till applied for by the persons concernd or by their proper Representatives, Capt. Ruddle informs the Board that John Marshall whose Name is Crossd had a Certificate from him, for his service, and that he under- stands he drew his pay after his return from Captivity, By Capt" Ruddles parole given at East Bay Signd Isaac Man jr, he appears to have remainO in Captivity to the third of Novr 1782 as appears by a Copy of the Parole - Since the above mentioned Pay Roll was given in, Information was laid before the Board that Isaac Ruddle was inimical to the United States of America and Sundry Deposi- tions were taken in his Presence which accompanies the Pay Roll, dated March 29th 1783. which are Submitted to Government, It has also been Reported to the Commissioners that Several of the Men on his Pay Roll have Enlisted in the British Service since they were taken to Detroit Received of Colo Benjamin Logan the following Pay Rolls c for the Militia of Lincoln County- Captain Lawrence Thompsons Pay Roll from the 5th of Novr untill the 24tb 1782. See Bundle Lincoln Militia Amount Entered in Page i6o From the Number of Men in Capt Thompsons Pay Roll the Commu have reduced the Captnq pay to Lieuu the Lieutenants to Ensigns pay, the Ensu to Sergeants the Youngest Sergeant to Privates pay. Captn. Andrew Kinkeads Pay Roll from the 220 of October untill the 24th of November 1782 Amount EnterO and Bundled as above-Capt. Kinkead in his pay Roll is to receive Pay as Lieu- tenant the Lieut as Ensign, the Ensign the Pay of a Sergeant and one of the Serge as a private. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 351 Captn John Boyles Pay Roll from the 220 of October untill the 24 of Novr 1782 EntO Bundled as above Capt. Saml McAfees pay Roll from the 26th of August untill the I3tP of December 1782- EnterO Bundled as above The Comm" have reduce Capt McAfees Pay in his pay RoIl to Ensigns the Ensigns to Sergeants pay Capt. Jn9 Doughertys Pay Roll from the 24th of Octr untill the 24t0 of Novr 1782, EnterO and Bundled as before Capt. Jn9 Martins Pay Roll from the 2I1t of April untill the 27 of May 1781 -- Entered and Bundled as before - The Commo are of opinion that the pay of those men in Capt4 Martins Pay Roll whose names are remarkd kiUd or removed, ought to remain in the Treasury untill applied for by them or their Heirs - or by orders properly attested Capt John Martins Pay Roll from the 22d of Octr untill the 26t0 of Novr 1782 Enter'd and Bundled as above-The Comm" are of opinion that Capt. Martin ought to receive pay as an Ensign, the Lieut and Ensign as Sergeants, Sergeant MeAnnally as a private, (in his pay Roll in Octr Novr 1782) The Adjutant Q. Master Sergeant Major Mentioned in the Roll were necessary for the First Battallion of the Militia of Lincoln on an expedition in I782 and are allowed accordingly- Capt Robt Barnets Pay Roll from the I5tb of March untill the i5P of April 1782-Entered and Bundled as before It appears that Capt Barnet in his Pay Roll ought to receive Lieut Pay, the Lieut Pay as Ensign the Ensign to be paid as a Sergeant and one of the Sergeants Privates Pay. The Qr Masters Sergeant in Capt Barnets Pay Roll servd. as such for a Battallion of Lincoln Militia at the Falls of Ohio in I782 Capt. Robt Barnets Pay Roll from the 23" of Oct. untill the 230 of November 1782-Entered Bundled as before-Capt. Bar- net in this Pay Roll is to receive pay as Lieut the Lieut. as Ensign the Ensign Sergeants Pay and one of the Sergeants pay as a privt It appears that the Qr Miasters Sergeant in Capt Barnets Roll served on an Expedition in 1782 in the first Batallion of Lincoln Militia - Recd by Major Walls, from Ann Elms an Account and Vouchers for Twelve pounds two Shillings which cannot be liqui- 352 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS dated untill the Commerceal Agents Accounts are inspected Adjourn4 untill Monday Morning Monday March 24th Met according to adjournment Present as before It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Edward Parker fifty one pounds two Shillings Eleven pence half penny for Buffalo Beef c furnishd the State as p Vouchers Entered in Page 174 It appears that there is due to Sergeant Elms Six pounds Eleven Shillings Eight Pence for Buffalo Beef as p Vouchr Enterd in Page 174- It appears that there is due to William Thompson Eighteen pounds Twelve Shillings Six pence for Buffalo Beef as p Vouchers Enterd in Page 174 It appears that there is due to Moses Lunceford Three pounds for Beef as p Voucher, Entered in Page 174 It appears that there is due to Josiah Smith the sum of one pound three Shillings two pence for Beef as p Voucher Entered in Page 271. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Henry Allen Eleven pounds fourteen Shillings, as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson July 25thI 1782 as p Vouchr. No. i i Entered in Page 184 It appears that there is due to John Morris, Eleven pounds fourteen Shillings, as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson the 5th JanY 1783 p Vouchr. No. 12 Entd in Page i84 It appears that there is due to Joseph Coubage Eleven pounds fourteen Shillings as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nel- son FebY 2d 1783, p Voucher No. 13 EnterO in Page i84 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John Johnson Eleven pounds fourteen Shillings as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson Feby ioth 1783 p Vouchr No. 14 Entered in Page i84 It appears that there is due to Jno. Joynes Eleven Pounds Eight Shillings as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson the ion' of Feby 1783 p Voucher No. I5 EnterO in Page i84 It appears that there is due to Wi. Bush Eleven pounds JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 353 fourteen Shillings as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nel- son the 4th Of March. 1783 p. Vouchr. No. i6 Entered in Page 184 It appears that there is due to John Armstrong Eleven pounds fourteen Shills' as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson the 5h March 1783 p Vouchr. N9 I7 Entered in Page i84 Received of Majr. George Walls the Following Accra Viz:- His Account against the State for Corn No I- His Pay Ac- count as Qr M. Geni from ye 25t1 of June untill y9 24th of March N9 2 His Pay Acct as Majr. in Colo. Crocketts the Illinois Regi- ment No. 3-His recruiting Acct No. 4-David Moirs Claim as Assistant Qr M. Geni and Conductor of Military Stores N9 5, and his Vouchers for 300 lb. of Buffalo Beef No. 6. Also his Qr Masters Accounts Vouchers from July 178I, and one receipt Book of Duplicates of the Vouchers, a Book of Store Issues Voucho and two Books of duplicates of Vouchers also a Book of Regimental Stores Issues with the Vouchers- He likewise laid before the Board Returns of the receivals Issues made by William Johnson Conductor General of Military Quarter Mas- ters Stores on the Sale Expedition with proper Vouchers for the same. As Mr Johnson has since been Captured by the Enemy In- dians, and it appears from his returns that there are sundry Guns other Valuable property in the hands of the Militia not accounted for by the Quarter Masters for the several Batalions The Board thought proper to return the SO papers to Majr. Walls and requested him to use his Endeavours to recover the aforesaid property for the State - It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Sergt Abm Frazer Six pounds fifteen Shillings as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson p Voucher Entered in Page i84 It appears that there is due to Christopher Horn Eleven pounds five Shillings as Bounty for Inlisting as a Soldier at Fort Nelson p Voucher Entered in Page 184 Pd. to Colo. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to William Barbour pd. W. Bradhead Puque, John Coldwater, Fredrick Rath, Christopher Keener George Rupord Soldiers Enlisted at Fort Nelson Eleven Pounds 354 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS five ShillI Each as Bounty for Inlisting p Voucrl Entered in Page i84 Adjourned untill Tomorrow morning. Thursday March 25th Met according to adjournment Present as before- A Certificate from Zephaniah Blackford Conductor of Mili- tary Stores to Matthew Jones for L 8. 15. Dated i1th April I782 was presented to the Board for settlement, which was not received, as Mr. Blackford has declined Laying his Acck" before the Board It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to James Finn Assee. of Wm Bush the sum of Fifteen pounds ten Shillings four pence Half penny for Beef c furnished for the use of the Garrison at Fort Nelson p Vouchr recd. Entered in Page 174 The Board of Commissioners find from the General Returns of the Strength of the Garrison at Fort Nelson, Made to them by the Commanding officer at that Post, and the State of the Garri- son laid before the Board that the number of Men are so reduced as to endanger the loss of the Place before recruiting instructions can be had from the Executive, They therefore are induced to ad- vise Majr. George Walls without delay to endeavour to recruit as many men as will Supply the deficiency and to draw orders on the Executive for the Bounty Money of such Men so recruited allow- ing them the same Bounty which is given by the State to their own Troops Received of Mr. James Finn his Accounts Vouch' Issuing Commissary from the 8th of Decr I78i untill the 31' of Jany 1783 which upon Examination the Commism find to be just Also his Account of pay as Commissary from the 230 of March I782 untill the 27th Feby 1783 at Eight Shillings p Day amounting to pound;134 which is not closed untill his Accounts with the Quarter Master Commercial Agent are Settled- , ( It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to William Little Forty one pounds for a Waggon Guns taken into the service of the State as p appraismt. Bill recd Entered in Page i6i The Commissioners Considering that the Garrison at the Falls is like to suffer for the want of Salt, Directed the Secretary to Give Majr George Walls an order to Mr Paul Froman, for all JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 355 the Public Kettles pans in his possession for the purpose of making Salt, And wrote to the Major on the Subject See Letter Book No. i8 RecO Lieutenant William Clarks Account of Pay Subsist- ance from the 6k" of June I780 to the 3I0 of JanY 1783-Amount Three hundred and two Pounds Eight shillings four pence Which is not finally Settled till the prices of the Goods he is charged with is Collected from the different Invoices of the Qr Master Commer- cial Agent. Also Captn. McCartys Pay Roll Muster Roll from the 30th of May I779 to the second of June 178i, Capt". Geraults Pay Muster Rolls from the 3d of June to the 30th of November I78i, A Certificate of Captn. Geraults Services as Linguist for the French A Certificate for his services as Commissary his recruiting account, and an Account (of sd. Geraults) with Vouchers for Expenditures the Ballence due Captn Kellar- Lieut Peraults recruiting account, and a Certificate from Patt. Kennedy Commissay for rations due LI Perault Likewise a Certificate of John Moores services as Issuing Commissary on Board the Galley in the Ohio Countersignd by Gen- eral Clark. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John Moore for the above service as Commy. the sum of Two pounds thirteen Shillings, as p Voucher received Entered in Page I78 adjourned till Tomorrow morning Wednesday.March 26th 1783 Met according to adjournment Present as before Received of Col0. Benj4 Logan of Lincoln County the follow- ing Pay Rolls and Accounts for the Militia of the County Capt. James Rays Pay Roll from the 23d Of Octr untill 22d Novr 1782. See Bundle Lincoln Militia Amount entered in Page i6i - Ensign John Smiths Pay Roll from the 4th of Jany untill 13th 1783 Entered and Bundled as above Capt Robert Barnets Pay Roll from the 2ist of april untill the 24t1 of May 178I Entered Bundled as above - It appears to the Commisrl that Capt Barnet in his Pay Roll is to receive Pay as Lieutenant the Lieut as Ensign and the Ensign whose name is in the middle of the Collumn, the pay of a Sergeant. 356 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS a t) Ensign John Smiths Pay Roll from the 28th of Decr 178I a- untill i6t0 of JanY. 1782 Entered Bundled as above. Ensign John Smiths Pay Roll from the iith of Septr untill Z 'I 7td I782 Entered Bundled as above Capt. Andrew Kinkeads Pay Roll from the 22d of May untill the 21st of June 178i amount Entered and bundled as above. It appears to the Commissioners that Captain Kinkead in his Pay Roll is to receive pay as an Ensign- Capt. John Cowans Pay Roll from the 22d of March untill the 22d of April I78i Entered and Bundled as above Lieut Pettets Pay Roll from the 23' of March untill 20St of April 178i Entered bundled as above - It appears that Lieut Pettet in his Pay Roll ought to receive pay as an Ensign Lieut Benjn Pettots Pay Roll from the 22d of May untill June 2Ist 178i Entered Bundled as above - Lieut Pettot in this Pay Roll is to receive pay as an Ensign the Spies are allowed the pay anexed to their names in the Roll Capt Samuel Kirkhams Pay Roll from the 17tb of August untill the 25th I782 Entered Bundled as above- It appears that Capt. Kirkham in his Pay Roll ought to receive pay as a Capto' for Six days and the Pay of an Ensign for three days, The men in his Pay Roll returned for three days were Killed at the Battle of the Blue Licks But their Families of Friends are in Kentucky Capt". John Smiths Pay Roll from the 22d of Octr untill the 230 of November I782 Entered Bundled as before - It appears that Capt Smith in his Pay Roll is to receive pay as a Lieutenant the Lieut. as an Ensign the Ensign Sergeants pay one of the Sergeants pay as a Private. Lieut. James Browns Pay Roll from the Iot of July untill 2' August I782 See Bundle Lincoln Militia It appears that Lieut Brown in his Pay Roll ought to receive pay as an Ensign- Capt William MoCrackens Pay Roll for a Compy of Light Horse from 230 of OctT untill the 230 of November 1782 Entered and bundled as before- It appears to the Commissioners that the Capt in the above Roll is to receive pay as a Sergeant the Lieutenant Ensign JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 357 Sergeants pay as Privates with the allowance of one Shilling and three pence p day for their Horses- A pay Roll for Part of Capt. Kirkhams Company from the ioth of Septr untill the 31st Entered and Bundled as before The men in this Pay Roll were ordered on Guard at Mr Triggs and the Board are of opinion it was requisite Capt. John Martins Pay Roll from the i8th of August untill the 28tb 1782 Entered Bundled as before - Capt. Martin in his Pay Roll is only entitled to Lieu' Pay the Lieut Ensigns pay - Likewise Capt. Martins Pay Roll from the 20tb of April untill 'May 2d 1782-Entered in Page i62 Also his Pay Roll for Horses in Service During the above term Enterd and Bundled as above- Received of Colo. Benjn Logan a List of Sundry Accounts with Vouchers Inclosed for the Militia of Lincoln County-Amount Six Hundred Seventy Seven pounds Eighteen Shillings ten pence p. Vouchers in Bundle Lincoln Militia Amt Entered in Page i62 - Also the Accounts of Pay for the Field officers of the County in Service on an Expedition under Geni Clark in Novr I782 Sund. other services-Amount One hundred Six pounds twelve Shillings five pence as p Vouchers in Bundle Lincoln Militia, Entd in Page i62 The Commissioners have not determined whether the officers above mentd are entitled to Subsistance Received of Colo. Benjn Logan the following List of apprais- ments of Cattle for the Expedition in 1782 Viz: No. i One Cow Calf the property of DavO Gunst pound;, 5,,o,,o No. 2 One Cow Calf both Strays Described 6,,o,,o 3 One Red Bull a Stray ditto 2,,5,,0 4 One Pied Steer a Stray do I I0,, 5 One Black Bull stray do I I5,,0 6 One --- do --- do---- do ---- I,,5,,O 7 One Black White Steer do----- do--- I,,I5,,O 8 One Large Red white Steer do 4,,IO,,O Amount Carried over 24,,0,,0 Amount Brought forward L 24,,O,,O 9 One Black Steer the Property of Benj. Pettet 4,,I0,,O 358 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS IO One Bridled Steer, a Stray Described 3,,o,,0 iI One a Red White Steer, Stray - - ds- - 3,,10,,O 12 One Red Steer the property of Jno. Bartley 3,,o,,o 13 One Red Steer a Stray Described 3,,O,,o 14 One a Red Steer do- - do- - 2,,10,,O pound; 43,,1O,,O For the Amount of the above List See Page i62 Vouchers Filed in Bundle Lincoln Militia - The Commissioners have to observe that the Stray Cattle marked in the Margin (of the Qr Masters list received, to be the Property of any Person, are to be Paid to them respectively and those not marked the Money to remain in the Treasury, till the Own- ers prove their Property It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Isaac Hite Eighteen pounds Twelve Shillings Six pence for Rations c as p. Vouchers Entered in Page i69 It appears that there is due to John Pringle Eight Pounds fourteen shillings for provisions furnishd p Vouchers Entered in Page i69 It appears that there is due to Jane Travis Five pounds fourteen Shillings for provisions furnished p Voucher recd Entered in Page i69- It appears that there is due to William Wilcox for provisions furnished one pound Eleven shillings as p. Vouchr Entered in Page 169- It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Col' John Floyd Twenty seven pounds for Service on an Expedition in 1782 as p. Voucher recd. See Bundle Jefferson Militia amount EntO in Page i66 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Majr John Critenden One hundred and thirty nine pounds Eight Shillings seven pence half penny for service as Brigade Majr p Vouchr EntO in Page 183 It appears that there is due to Bartlet Searcy for Service as a Sergeant in Capt. Buchannans Comp.Y and for Spying, Thirty five pounds twelve Shillings as p Voucher Entered in Page 176 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 359 It appears that there is due to Philemon Watters Thirty two Pounds for a horse lost in the Service as p Voucher Entered in Page i63 - On further Examination as Waters had not joined the Troop of Horse untill his horse Died, The Board therefore leave it undertermined for the Auditors to Settle It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Doctr George Hart the sum of Forty three pounds four Shillings for his Services as Surgeon p Voucher Entered in Page The Commissioners are of opinion that the charge against Bennum Brown in the Doctr" Harts was done during the time that the Claimant was paid as Surgeon to the troops under Genr Clark then Colo at the Falls and therefore reject it The Second Charge they think Just and ought to be settled at 8/p day Ninety Eight days Thirty nine pounds four shillings,- It appears to the Board that Domnic Flannagan did not belong to the Illinois Regiment when under Doctr Harts care and therefore not chargeable to the State- It likewise appears that James Coburn was wounded at the Blue Licks and one of the Militia of Lincoln the Board do not think they have power to liquidate that Claim. A Certificate of Services for two Soldiers of Col9 Montgomerys Regiment as p Cert. alloWd. four pounds It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Samuel Hinch for a mare lost in Service the Ballence of an Account Certi- fyed by Capt. Shannon for Going Express, and for Horse hire Twenty nine pounds Eight pence as p VouchS Entered in Page i63- Adjourned till tomorrow morning Thursday March 27 . 'Met according to adjournment Present as before Recd Mr James McAfees Accounts of Receivings and Issues as Issuing ComY at McAfees Station, The Vouchers for the Issues being less than the receivings he was qualified to the justness of the Issues before James Robertson a Majistrate as p his deposition an- nexed to his Issuing Account. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to James McAfee Twenty Three pounds for service as Issuing Commissary as p Vouchers recd Entered in Page i62 360 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS It appears that there is due to James Laurence One pound five Shillings for Rations found the Greenbrier Militia p Voucher Entered in Page i69 It appears that there is due to Wm Crow Assee. of Alexr Mahan Eighteen Shillings for a Bag furnished the State p Voucher Entered in Page 183 - It appears that there is due to William McWhorter Ten Shillings for Rations furnishd p Voucher Entered in Page I69- It appears that there is due to the Estate of William Robert- son Decd. Twelve Shillings six pence for Rations furnished a party of Capt Rodgers Light Dragoons as p Voucher Entered in Page i69 It appears that there is due to Mary Hinton the sum of two pounds one Shilling six pence for i i61b of pork p Voucher Entered in Page I74 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to the p 0oi 1i0 Estate of James Right Deceased the sum of Twenty four pounds Eighteen Shillings Eight pence for a horse lost in Service sun- dries p Vouchers recd Entered in Page i63 Recd of Mr James Trabue his Account with the State for his Service as Militia Commissary in Kentucky County from the 8th Day of December I779 to the 24th of June 1780, and of a Horse saddle Bridle Gun taken with himself at the Capture of Ruddles and Martins Stations on the 24th 26th of June Also Eight Lists of provisions received by him with receipts which he passd to the several Claimants for the same and a List of seven Cattle Impressd. for the use of the sd militia with the ap- praisment Bills which the Commissioners are of opinion cannot be finally settled untill recourse is had to the Auditors Books-See Bundle Marked N. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John Hinkston Seven pounds thirteen Shillings ten pence for a Cow furnished the State p Voucher recd Entered in page 174 It appears that there is due to Thos. Harrison Wife Three pounds Sixteen shillings Eleven pence farthing for 206j lb. Flour and the Balance of a small account p Vouchr. recd. Entered in Page 183 JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 36I It appears to the Comm" that there is due to Edward Hogan Five pounds Seven Shillings two pence for 643 lb. of Buffo. Beef p Vouchers recd. Entered in Page 174 It appears that there is due to Jacob Sodowsky Twenty three Pounds for a horse lost in the service of the State p Voucher Entered in Page i64 Friday March 28th. Met according to adjournmt. Present as before It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Edward Tyler Five Pounds Fourteen Shillings for Service as an Express p Vouchr Entered in Page 176 It appears that there is due to James Baxter Eleven pounds fourteen Shillings for Work done on the Row Galley p Vouchers Entered in Page 178- It appears that there is due to William Smith Twenty two pounds ten shillings for work done at the Row Gally p Vour entered in Page 178 It appears that there is due to Jacob Myers Four pounds Thirteen Shillings ten Pence for Carpenter Tools Sundr-. p Vouchr. entered in Page I83- It appears that there is due to Rachel Swan Thirty three pounds two Shillings Seven pence half penny for a Mare lost on an Expedition also for the hire of a Mare of the same date as p Vouchr entered in Page i64 Received from Capt Abraham Chaplin his Pay Roll Muster Roll from the First of Sept. 1782 untill the 31st of January 1783. Capte. Isaac Taylors Pay and Muster Roll from the First to the Thirty first of August I782 Also Capt. Abraham Kellers Pay and Muster Roll from the Ninth of May 1779 untill the Ninth of November I 78i- Likewise Mr. Jarrat Williams Account against the State for service as a Lieutenant in the Illinois Regt from the fifth day of June I780 untill the first day of August 1782, and Pay as Ensign from the First day of Jany I779 to the Fourth day of June I780. Recd. of Capt. John Dougherty John Pattersons Claim for a Mare lost on the Expedition in I780- Settled by the Commissioners, at two Pounds Six shillings one penny Three farthings-Also 362 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Sundry Claims for Horses in Service on the sd Expedition and Settled as Follows, Viz John Dougherty i Horse 44 days 2-15"0 Stephen Fisher i Horse 44 days 2" 15",0 William Robertson ditto 215-,0 Jno. Doughtery ditto 2",15-0 Robert Carr ditto 2"15"o Gasper Bops ditto 20 days Its 5",O For the amount of the above accounts. See Page i64- Colb. George Slaughter laid his Accounts before the Com- missioners - In examining which they find two obligations one from Same Wills John Carr for four Hundred weight of Bear Meat the other from Carr Escridge for Five Hundred fifty five pounds wt of Bear meat which is due the State by them for Bills drawn by Cole Slaughter which were enclosed and Directed by the Commissioners to Majr. Wills for the support of the Garrison at the Falls of Ohio CaptP BenjQ Roberts laid before the Board pound;. 7662 of the late paper Currency of Virginia and a Writing therewith given upon Oath, Upon which the Board are of opinion that the Sd Monev should be returned to Government and the Sd Roberts should receive Specie in Lieu thereof in Payment for Three Horses for which he stands bound with Phillip Dejein and purchased by them at the request of John Dodge for the use of the State Upon the Sd Roberts precisely ascertaining the date of the purchase - For the money c mentioned above See Bundle marked with Letter 0. It appears that there is due to Jane Travis Six pounds three Shillings three pence half penny for sundes as p Acct Received. Entered in Page i83 It appears that there is due to Joseph Hunter Twenty two pounds Six Shillings for Beef Corn c furnishO at Fort Jefferson p Vouch, Entered in Page 182 General Clark laid before the Board sundry accounts of Goods received Issued by him, with accounts against the Officers of the Illinois Regiment, without which the Commissioners could not Settle their Accounts. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 363 Capt. Rowland Madison laid his Accounts before the Board for examination. Adjourned till Tomorrow morning Saturday March 29k" Met according to adjournment Present as before It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Henry Hutton Lou Brown Seventeen pounds Eight Shillings for Sundry services performd p Voucher Entered on Page I77 It appears that there is due to Jacob Frowman Six pounds Seven Shillings Six pence for Eighty five pounds of Iron used in Making the Row Gally p Vouchr. Entd in Page 178 It appears that there is due to Colb Abraham Bowman Three pounds Eighteen shillings for fifty two pounds of Iron found for the Row Gally p Vouchro Entered in Page 178. It appears that there is due to John Burks Six pounds Seven Shillings six pence for 365lP of Beef 351b of Venison furnish4 at Fort Jefferson p Vouch- EntO in Page i82 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to James Harrod Eleven Shillings for a Yearling Bull p Vouchr Entd in Page '74 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John Cowan One pound Seven Shillings and Nine pence for i i i'4 of Pork as p Voucher recd Entered in Page 174 It appears that there is due to John Smith Eight Shillings Eight pence as p Voucher in Page 174 It appears that there is due to Heny French Eight pounds Ten Shillings four pence for Beef Plank as p Vouch' entered in page I74- It appears that there is due to John Curd Nine pounds for 50 Bushels of Corn p Vouchr recd Entered in page 171 It appears that there is due to Capt. Benj4 Roberts One pound Eight Shillings Seven pence farthing for a Saddle lost in Service p Vouchr EntO in page 183 RecO of CaptO Benji Roberts a return of Sundry Cloaths, c which is drawn from the State -also a Return of the Disbursement of pound; 800 , io which he recd from the State by ColQ Slaughter, and likewise the application of Sundry Horses and other Stores with Vouchers - See Bundle Letter P - 364 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to BenjP Fields Thirty two pounds one Shillings and four pence three farth- ings for service as Express his Expenses Sund-l' as p Vouchers recO Entered in page I76 It appears that there is due to Peter Demmery five Pounds Seven Shillings Eight pence farthing for a Horse lost as p Vouch' Entered in page i64 It appears that there is due to John May Seventeen Pounds thirteen Shillings and ten Pence for a Horse lost p Vouchl received Entered in page i64- It appears that there is due to Samuel Hinch Three Pounds for service as a Deputy Purchasing CommY p. Vouchr received En- tered in page 183 Received of Capt. Michael Humble his Pay Roll for a Compy of Militia in Kentucky County from the 18tb of July untill the 2Ist of August 1780 amount entered in Page i66 See Bundle Jefferson Militia It appears that there is due to John Hagan Eleven Pounds and Eight Pence for a Horse lost in Service and i96 lbs. of Beef p Vouchs, recO Entered in Page i64. It appears that there is due to Nathan Sellars Two pounds Seven shillings Six pence for Horse Hire as p Voucher entered on page i64 It appears that there is due to Samuel Shortridge Fourteen Shillings for seven Bushels of Corn p Vouchr Entered in page 17I - It appears to the Comm- that there is due to Samuel Kirk- ham Two Pounds fourteen Shillings, for an an hoe p Vouchr Enterd in page i62 RecO of Colo. John Montgomery. Mr. James Buchanans Accounts and Vouchers as Commissary for his Regimt for the I779- See Bundle Q - Received of Capt. Rowland Madison his Accounts and Vouch- ers as Quarter Master in 1780 and 178I. which were not Settled as the Commissioners had appointed to Leave Kentucky. Received of Major James Francis Moore his Book of Pur- chases (with Vouchers) which were made from 1780 to 1782 which have been viewed and are to be finally Settled at a future Day as the Deliveries are not yet returned - JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 365 Received from Cola. George Slaughter a list of Bills and expenditures, with Vouchers while Commandt at the Falls of Ohio- It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Thor Moore Twelve pounds for Express Duty pr. Vouchr entered in page 176 It appears that there is due to Thor Morton Twenty six pounds fourteen Shillings, the Ballance of his Account for work done at the Row Galley p. Voucher entered in page I78 Received and settled the following Accounts presented by Cola. John Bowman, viz: Colo. Bowmans appraisement Bill for two horses Saddles -------- pound;. 540.0 Edwd Quirk 2 certificates for Express Spy duty - 55.5.6. Cola Bowmans Voucher for Salt 17.0.0 Thomas Clarks Voucher for Beef - - 22.5. Robt Flemings appraisement Bill for a Cow 5.0. An account of Sundry persons for Potts etc. lost making Salt ---.--- I4-17 Jesse Tombleston for Beef I.0. pound; I69.7.6. For the amount of the above accounts see page i62 Bundle Lincoln Militia. The Commissr, observe that Colo. Bowmans appraisement Bill for fifty four Pounds is to be paid if it has not been already paid to Mr. John Dodge Agent etc. Recd of Mr. James Sullivan his Cash account of Ten Thou- sand Nine hundred fifty pounds a Bill drawn by Capt William Shannon Dated ioth of October I781 for pound; I7,902.4.0 and Sun- dry other papers, with a General Return of Horses taken from Jefferson County on the Expedition in I782. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Francis Adams, Thirty Six pounds for work done at the Row Gally as p Voucher entered in page I78 It appears that there is due to Robt Witt Four pounds ten 366 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS shillings for work done at the Row Galley as pr. Voucher entered in page I78 It appears that there is due to John Pulfer Thirty four pounds Sixteen Shillings for work done at the Row Galley, as p Voucher entered in page I78. It appears that there is due to John Johnston Twenty Seven Pounds for work done at the Row Galley as p Voucher EntO in page 178 It appears that there is due to William Rice Four pounds Sixteen Shillings for Service as Armourer at the Row Galley p Vouchers Entered in page i83 It appears that there is due to Mr. Lawrance Meredith Four Pounds Ten Shillings for a Cow taken for the Troops at Fort Jefferson p Voucher entered in page i82 It appears that there is due to Benjv Fields, One Hundred Sixteen pounds Fourteen Shillings for his pay and Subsistance as Ensign in the Service of the State as p Voucher entered in page 183 - Received of Mr. Bland Ballard Commissary and Quarter Master his Book and Abstract with Vouchers whilst he served under Col9 George Slaughter in I780 I78i, also his Book and abstracts with Vouchers for the time he served as Quarter Master Com- missary under General Clark in 178i 1782, and Sundry other Papers, Books, Abstracts c with Vouchers, which the Commission- ers have not settled. Adjourned to meet at Cole Benjn Logans on Wednesday the 9th of April I783 Wednesday April 9th, 1783. Met at Col9 Benjo' Logans according to adjournment. Present William Fleming Tho Marshall, Samuel m'Dowell Caleb Wallace Esq'- Mr John. Marshall laid a Claim before the Board for a Horse taken on an Expedition in 1780, which was returned Sold by order of Genl Clarke, to Alexr McClure, as a publick Horse. The Board think proper to direct said McClure to pay the price, he was to have paid, to the State to John Marshall. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 367 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due John Berry, Two pounds Sixteen Shillings for Rations furnished the Militia on duty as p Voucher entered in page i69 Colo. Legras, Major Williams, and Several Gento from the Illinois Country waited on the Board with their Accounts, and the Accounts of Sundry other claimants of that country were received by the Commissioners. Recd of Majr Williams, a Letter from the Revd. W. Gibault of Kaskaskias, with 284 5/6 Dollars paper Currency four Certificates with receipts on them for 238 4/5 Dollars, Two Bons for three dollars one Bon for 4 Bushels Corn, Which the Commissioners refer to the Executive. See Bundle Marked 2 adjourned till tomorrow morning. Thursday April ioth. Met according to adjournment Present as before The Commissioners received Settled the following Pay Rolls for the Militia of Kentucky Viz. Capt. John Allisons Pay Roll from 26th February untill the Last of March 1780 Amount entered in page x62 See Bundle Lincoln Militia Capt. Briscos Pay Roll from the 20th July untill the 21St August 1780 Entered Bundled as above Captv Henry Prathers pay Roll from the 8th July untill the 2It of August 1780- Entered and Bundled as above - In CaptO Prathers pay Roll the two youngest Sergeants can only receive pay as Privates. Capt. John Allisons Pay Roll from 8th July untill 28th August I780 Entered and Bundled as above The Commissioners are of oppinion that Captain Allison in his Pay Roll ought to receive Lieutenants Pay, the Lieut. Ensigns pay the Ensign Sergeants Pay, and the youngest Sergeant the pay of a Private Capte James Estills Pay Roll from 15t' of March untill the 5t of April 1782. Entered and Bundled as above - From the num- ber of men on Captain Estills Pay Roll the Commissioners are of opinion that the CaptP should only receive the pay of a Lieutenant, the first Lieutenant the pay of an Ensign, the Second Lieutenant the pay of a Sergeant, for the first nine Days untill his Superior 368 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Officers were killed, for the Remaining Thirteen Days he ought to receive Lieutenants Pay Capt. John Gordons Pay Roll from the I5tth March untill the j5t0 of April 1782 See Bundle Lincoln Militia- from the number of men in Capt Gordons Pay Roll the CaptQ ought only to receive the Pay of a Lieutenant, the Lieutenant the pay of an Ensign, the Ensign the pay of a Sergeant, the youngest Sergeant Privates pay. It appears to the Board that there is due to Sam! Brigs Two pounds Eighteen Shillings for i i6 Rations furnish'd Militia on duty as p Voucher entered in page 169 - The Board received from Majr John Williams CaptP John Dodges Books, and accounts of Goods Delivered the Officers and Soldiers of the Illenois Regiment, Likewise his Invoices of Goods Delivered him vouchers for Expenditures against the State Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Friday I Ith April Met according to adjournment Present as be- fore - Received from Capt Edward Worthington, his Pay Roll for the year 1779, and his pay Roll for 178I likewise his recruiting account and Vouchers for Ditto likewise a Certificate for hire of Horses 290 Days, a Certificate for a Boat lost in Service, value Three Hundred Dollars-also a Certificate for a Cow kill'd Three pounds Seven shillings Six pence Received from Frederick Guyon several claims of Icabod Camps as follows Viz: for making four Shirts i8/ work of Two Negroes pound;.2.-3-o, Medicines etc .1.4.o Accounts of Henry Wills LII.5.0. Amount of the whole pound;.5.Io.o- Four pounds Four Shills. to be deducted - This Account is not Finally settled till the Agents Books are Examined. Received from Capt. Henry Smith by the hands of Frederick Guyon, the following claims, viz: A certificate for Dry'd Beef 3600 lb. a 6d. p. pound. amounting to pound;.9o.o.o A Certificate for 125 Bushels Corn L. i5.0.0 amounting in the whole to One Hun- dred five pounds, out of which a deduction of Ten pounds Eigh- teen shillings to be made for sundries furnished him the Balance remaining is ninety four pounds two shills also took in a Receipt for Rations 3/9. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 369 Received from William Bladsoe an appraisement Bill of a Mare lost on the late Expedition against the Indians, under the Command of General Clark Vallued to pound;.20 entered in Page i64 This claim two others presented by ColQ Logan for Joseph Craig Green Clay, Stand upon the same footing with the Horses lost at the Battle of the Blue Licks. which are specially reported upon and ought to be paid, if the Assembly allow the Claims for those lost at the Battle of the Blue Licks as the whole are referred to their decision. Received of ColQ Benjamin Logan of Lincoln County the following Pay Rolls and Accts Viz: Ensign David Cookes pay Roll from iith March untill Ioth of April 1782. See Bundle Lincoln Militia Amt Entered in page I62. William Steels Vouchr for thirty ShillU allowed for Half a Bushel salt; entered in page 171 John Sellers Voucher for Thirty Shillings allowed for half a Bushel of Salt entered in Page 171 Henry Babman's Voucher for Rations furnish4 the Militia on duty amount pound;.3-Io-6 Entd in page I69 William Morrows Voucher for 14 Days Horse Hire at one Shilling three pence p. Day. Seventeen Shillings and Six pence. Entered in page i64 Joseph Love's Voucher for 15 days Horse hire at one shilling three pence p Day. Eighteen Shillings and nine pence. entered in page i64 George Farbush appraisement Bill for a Gun lost at Estills Defeat, apraised to L.7.IO.O - - also Jesse Farbush's appraisement Bill for a Saddle Bridle appraised to L.2 entered in page i64 The Commissioners are of oppinion that the Claims for ar- ticles lost at Estills defeat are of the same Nature with the Blue Lick Defeat, which are Specially reported upon Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Saturday April I2th 1783 Met according to adjournment. Present as before It appears to the Commissioners the following accounts are due to Moses Henry of St. Vincents Viz: 370 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS For an order drawn by ColQ John Todd on the Governor of Virginia, for 704 Dollars currency to be paid at i for 5- 140 4/5 Dollars --- ---- -- -pound; .42.4. 10Y2 For articles furnished the Indians p Acct. 12. 18.0 For Services performed as Indian Agent for horse hire as p Acct. 120. 2.0 pound; I75.4.10/2 For the Vouchers See Bundle G. Amount entered in page I77 Note the Bill or order given by Colo. Todd is returned to Henry It appears to the Commissioners that there is due Andrew Clark L.35.2.0. for work done at the Row Gally p Voucher enter'd in page 178 The Commissioners recO of Mr Zephaniah Blackford, his Book as Conductor of Military Stores at Fort Nelson with the Correspond- ing Vouchers, and an Abstract containing a General State of the whole, It appears that this Book was kept by David Moore from July 26th to October 13th 178i. and by Martin Carney from the i4th October to the ioh of December in the same year. and after- wards by said Blackford untill March 30t 1783 Also Received of the SO Blackford Sundry certificates for pay due from the State and other Accounts amounting to pound;.385.6.6 2/5 from which his Accounts with the State are to be de- ducted, entered in page 183 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Matthew Jones pound;.6.2.6 for Services as Armourer, as p Voucher Entered in page 1 83 It appears that there is due to Benjamin Pope Eight Pounds thirteen Shillings Six pence for Beef Furnished at Fort Nelson as p Voucher. Entered in Page 174 It appears that there is due to Cola. William Pope pound;.7.5.o for attending the Board as a Sheriff in Jefferson County as p Voucher Entered in page 26i - Settled a Bill of Exchange drawn by Col1 George Slaughter in favour of Richard Chinoweth for pound;2962.io.o Dated April 29th 178I when reduced by the Scale of Depreciation amounts to JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 371 pound;.29.12.6 - Likewise a Certificate from Mr William Shannon for pound;.711i.xo.o Dated the first Day of June 1781. When reduced by the Scale amounts to pound;28.8.io Entered in page I83 - It appears that there is due to Peter Young L.2.1o.o for a Beef Cow taken for the use of the State, as p Voucher Entered in page 174 Recd of Colo. William Pope Administrator of Col. Lynn Decd, Sundry certificates for said Lynn's services as a field Officer, also for Flour Iron c furnished by said Lynn for the use of the State, which Accounts the Commissioners cannot Settle untill his Accounts with the State are adjusted See Bundle marked R. The Commissioners being informed that Majr John Williams was a principal Evidence relative to the Conduct of the Officers of the Illinois Regiment, took his Deposition- See Bundle Depos- itions Illinois Department General Clarks AccO No. 36 Adjourned till Monday morning Monday April i4th. Met according to adjournment Present Wil- liam Fleming Sam! M'Dowell and Caleb Wallace, Esq'-. No. i. The Commissioners can by no means depart from the prin- cioal, That the State is not obliged to Honour Bills drawn by per- sons unauthorized, but where the State has been furnished with Artickles to the amount which articles have been really applyed to the Support of the Troops, Such Bills they are of opinion ought to be taken in at the real value of the Articles when furnished. No. 2. That the Bills drawn on the Treasury of Virginia ought to be paid off agreeable to the Illinois Scale of Depreciation, after depreciation took place in that country, No. 3- but as it appears by Mr. Shannons Books, that he drew Bills countersigned by General Clark for Articles of a mix'd nature, Some appearing to be Purchased by Depreciated Currency, whilst others are not many of his Vouchers being lodged with the Auditors, the Commissioners can not in Justice fix the payment of those Bills, either by the Scale or any other way in their Power. No. 4. It appears to the Commissioners that many Bills are drawn by those authorized by Government for which they can produce no Vouchers for Articles for which these Bills were 372 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS drawn, and of course the Bills become chargable to the drawers. but the Commissioners cannot undertake to say whether the State ought to take up those Bills or not, as it is of great consequence, they think it worthy the attention of the Legislature Capt. Trotier presented to the Board a Bill marked No. i which seems to be drawn for Specie from the Amount of the Bill 615 Dollars, accompanied with the Articles, the Commissioners are of opinion that 45 2/5 Dollars should be deducted from the Articles of Flour an Ax lost charged two high, which reduces the Bill to 569 3/5 Dollars. this Bill comes under the General Remark No. i No. 2. An Account of Sundries comes under the Remark No. X in this Account i6 Dollars to be deducted from the article of Flour, reduces the Account to 39I/2 Dollars. No. 3. A Bill of Wm. Shannons countersigned G. R Clark for 6o Dollars comes under Remark N9 3 No. 4. A Specie Bill of General Clark's on Oliver Pollock for 220 I/5 Dollars, the first of this Tenor Date sent to New Orleans. No. 5. This Bill falls under the 2nd General remark and is 4 3/5 Dollars- No. 6 A Certificate for subsistance of two Soldiers at 2/2 Livr this appears high, but is the Vallue settled by the Court in that Country No. 7. An account of Sundries furnished Indians- Monsr. La Chance's papers presented by Mr Trotier. No. i A first of Exchange for I400 Dollars, reduced by the Scale of Depreciation in that Country is 46 2/3 Dollars. comes under the il General Remark, is protested by Governor Jefferson- Colb. Montgomery imforms the Board this was given in part purchase of a tract of land for private purposes No. 3 Contains two Bills both of the same tenor date and drawn by Colo Montgomery they are both first sets and not in the list of Bills drawn by him come under the first general remark JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 373 No. 4. A Bill Drawn by Patk Kennedy countersigned G R Clark for 234 Livers Io Sols or 46 9/i0 Dollars - the Board is informed was for Smiths Work, there is no acct rendered with this Bill. By the Illinois Scale of Depreciation is 9 2/5 Dollars- No. 5-A first Bill of Montgomery's for 1200 Dollars on the Treas- urer of Virginia, this Bill is not in his list of Bills, and falls under the first General remark. No. 6 A Bill by Colo. Montgomery, is supposed to be given for private purposes, and falls under the first general Remark. No. 7 A Second Bill for 170 Dollars by Colo. Montgomery. the Vouchers for this amongst Cola. Montgomerys papers are imperfect No. 8 A Bill for Cash on Recruiting Service reduced by the Scale of Depreciation is 62 2/5 Dollars Specie No. 9 A Bill This is not in Colo. Montgomerys List and is sup- posed to be Counterfeit. Sundry Papers presented by Capt4 Trotier. No. i A Bill by Gen' Clark on the Treasury of Virginia for 800 Dollars. This falls under the second Gen'. Remark No. 3 A Bill of General Clarks appears payable, as by the endorse- ment with 37 I/5 Dollars No. 4 A Bill Protested by Govr Jefferson afterwards Counter- signed by Gen' Clark for 543 I/5 Dollars, out of which 2 Dollars to be deducted, over charge in Flour, which reduces it to 54I I/5 Dollars and falls under the Second General Remark No. 5 A Bill of Colo. IMontgomery's for 332 Dollars protested by Govr Jefferson comes under the first General Remark, but as it was for Cash advancO on the Recruiting Service reduced to Specie by the Common Table of Depreciation is 5 i/io Dollars. This Bill is not in MIontgomerys list - No. 6 A Bill of Colo. Montgomerys for 260 Dollars is not in his List, falls under the first General Remark is protested by Govr Jefferson No. 9 A Bill of Colo. Montgomerys for I74 2/5 Dollars (a Second Bill) the Acct for 804 Livers not produced the Article of 374 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Flour is over charged 4 Dollars. This Bill falls under the first Second General Remarks. No. 7 A Bill of Colo. Montgomery's to Ant. Harmond for I56o Dollars, this is not in his List of Bills protested by Govr Jefferson No. 8 A Bill of Colo. Montgomery's a first of Exchange for 300 Dollars, advanced for recruiting, this Bill is Paid is Settled by the Virginia Scale of Depreciation at 5 Dollars, This Bill falls under the first General Remark, is protested by Govr Jefferson, and not in Col9 Montgomery's List-Papers presented by Capt. Trotier. No. i A Bill of Col. Montgomery's for 411 4/5 Dollars, with Account anexed presented for Paynrrint Protested by GovT Jefferson after which it was countersigned by General Clark. This Bill is passed as Specie to Montgomery's List. No. 2 A Bill of Col9 Montgomery's for 17i4 dollars advanced for recruiting Service. This Bill falls under the first General Remark is protested by Govr Jefferson, if paid the Commis- sioners settled it by the Virginia Scale of Depreciation, at 28j Dollars Specie No. 3 A Bill of Shannons for 220 Dollars, countersigned George R. Clark, falls under the third Gen] Remark No. 4. A Bill of Shannons countersigned by Geni Clark for 340 4/5 Dollars. This Bill comes under the Second and third Gen- eral Remarks No. 5 A Bill of Col Montgomerys iooo Dollars Advanced for recruiting Service falls under the first General Remark. If paid the Commissioners, Liquidate it by the Virginia Scale of Depreciation, making it I3 5/7 Dollars. No. 6 A Certificate for work Iron------ L.2.12.0 Specie No. 7 Ditto Do.- 3.15 No. 8 Ditto Do. Settled by the Scale. 15 7. 2. 0 The following Bills of Exchange were laid before the Board of Commissioners by Col. Legras on which they made the following Remarks, anexed JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 375 No. I A Bill for 1143 1/5 Dollars drawn by General Clark, on the Treasurer of Virginia Supposed to be for Currency the second of this set is said to be in the Hands of Mfr Nathan of Philiadelphia- No. 2 A Bill for 1752 Dollars drawn by General Clark on Oliver Pollock Esqr of New Orleans Supposed to be for Specie This Bill is not found in the Generals Books, but one of the same tenor and date is charged to Charles Charleville which may probably be the same. The first of this set is said to be in the hands of Mr. Nathan No. 3,4,5,6,7,8 Were drawn by William Shannon, Conductor Gen- eral counter-signed G R. Clark referred to the third Article of the General Remarks before Mentioned The following bills belonging to Nicholas Perrot were laid before the Board by Col. Legras No. i A Bill for 5oo Dollars drawn on the Governor of Virginia by Cole Jn9 Todd supposed to be for paper Currency, re- duced by the Illinoise Scale is 125 Dollars Specie A Bill of Exchange of W. Shannons in favour of Mr. Langtot countersigned Geo. R. Clarke dated June 14th 1779, 360 Dollars. NO. 2 3 Bills 250 Dollars drawn by William Shannon, referred to Article third in the General Remark settled bv the Illinois scale at 155 I/IO Dollars. Also the following receipts be- longing to and sent by 'Monsr. Fontain No. i A Receipt drawn by Patt Kennedy in favour of Joseph Fontain for 24 Dollars Specie NO. 2 A Receipt drawn in favour of 'Mons. Quicket by Patrick Kennady for IO Dollars Specie. No. 3 A Receipt drawn by Henry Croucher in favour of John Deveneia for I xi/5 Dollars. No. 4 A Receipt drawn by Frederick S. Guion in favour of Rosa Fortune for 28 4/5 Dollars. No. 5 In favour of Joseph Fontain, a Billet for Rations 1o Dollars No. 6 Ditto --- Ditto------ 2 Do. No. 7 Ditto signed James Finn------ 6 Do. No. 8 Ditto sign'd Henry Croucher.----- 3 Do. 376 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Also the following Bills receipts etc belonging to sent by Monsr. John B. Vilot No. i A Bill of Exchange drawn by Valentine Thomas Dalton, in favour of John B. Vilot 8o Dollars Peltrie i6o Dollars Specie referred to the first Article of the General Remark settled at 120 Dollars. No. 2 A Receipt drawn by John Wilson, One Dollar Specie No. 3 A Receipt for making one Coffin settled at 3 Dollars No. 4 A Billet for Rations 3J Dollars. No. 5 A promissory Note from Leonard Helm. One dollar. No. A I. B. Vandrys Commission Certificate c for I507 days as Indian Interpreter I3391 Dollars.- Major Francis Boseron presented to the Board several Bills of Exchange, certificates Accounts, the adjusting of which is defered for the want of time at present, and the Board directed the papers to be returned to Major Boseron. CoP Legrass represented to the Board that reports had been industriously spread at St Vincents that the State of Virginia was determined to cut off the Inhabitants of that Village, which had occationed several Families to remove, requested the Board to write to the Inhabitants to quiet their minds by assuring them the report was without foundation The Board directed the following Letter to be Sent them Viz: GENTLEMEN- --- COLO. LOGANS, April 14th 1783. We have with pleasure adjusted your Accounts presented to us, we are sincerely sorry to understand by Colo. Legras that any false reports have created uneasiness in your minds, We take this opportunity to assure you that the State of Virginia is highly impressed with the sense of your good Intentions and firm attachment to the Americans in general, to the State of Virginia in particular. Sensible of the great loss you must have sustained by lying so long out of the Money chearfully advanced by you for the support of the Troops whilst in your Country As soon as our Enemies were humbled and brought to reason, Attentive to your Interests a Board of Commissioners were appointed, to take in and adjust the Accounts due in your Country. We are likewise to assure you that JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 377 his Excellency our Governor has wrote particularly to the Board of Commissioners requiring us to acquaint you of the good oppinion he entertains of your Fidelity attachment to the State. We are therefore surprised to hear that any influence by groundledd Jealous- ies, Should be removed and beg you to lay aside these needless fears rest assured that you are esteemed by every worthy Citizen of America. Peace will soon be Established, Preliminaries being al- ready settled at Paris; Trade will then revive an intimate friendly intercourse take place Between St. Vincents and this country. With Sincere regard we are Gentlemen Your fellow Citizens WILLIAM FLEMING SAWL. AI'DOWELL CALEB WALLACE The Inhabitants of St. Vincents. Mr. Gratiott waiting the return of the Commissioners at New River. The Board adjourned to meet in Bottetourt County Belle Mont Bottetourt County May 6th 7th 1783 The Commissioners met according to Adjournment Present William Fleming, Thou Marshall and Caleb Wallace Esqr- Major Boseron presented several Bills of Exchange and Accounts to the Commissioners, the Settlement of which was deferred in Kentucky, which are Settled Remarked as follows, Viz: No. i A Bill of Exchange drawn by Val T. Dalton, in favour of Pierre Pruits for i8o Livers in Peltry, dated Fort Patrick Henry Alay ioth I780, on the Treasurer of Virginia- This Bill falls under the first general Remark in Page I 17 The Comm-S. are of opinion that this Bill should be paid with 24 Dolls. No. 2 A Bill of Exchange of William Shannons Countersigned G R Clark, in favor of Francis Boseron for 3803 1/5 Dollars No. 155 dated Fort Patrick Henry August 12th I779. This Bill appears to be in part payment of an Account certified comes under the third General Remark page 117 378 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS No. 3 A first of Exchange of W. Shannons in favour of Leonard Helm countersigned Geo R. Clark dated Fort Patrick Henry Oc- tober 1Qot 1779. No. i66 for I5oo Dollars endorsed Leo. Helm, this Bill falls under the Second General Remark, page 117. We observe this Bill is in Wm. Shannons List of Bills, and think it should be paid with 88o Dollars. No. 4 A First of Exchange of William Shannons, countersigned G R Clark, in favour of Francis Boseron No. 153, dated Fort Pat- rick Henry 12th August 1779. for 400 Dollars this Bill appears to be in part payment of a certified account and comes under the 3rd General Remark in page I17. 5The Commissioners think this Bill should be paid with 400 D. O2r No. 5 A first of Exchange of William Shannons Countersigned -=S 1. G R Clark, in favour of Francis Boseron for 2863 2/5 Dollars dated m oo the i8th of September 1779 is in part payment of a certified account and comes under the 3rd General Remark-in page 117 No. 6 A first of Exchange of William Shannons countersigned G R Clark dated March 8th 1782. in favour of W." Antulep for Sun- dries furnished the Troops to the amount of 88 2/5 Dollars, this Bill falls under the 3rd General Remark. Page II7 (to be paid with 88 3/5 Dol.) No. 7 A first of Exchange of William Shannons, countersigned G. R. Clark in favour of Antoin Marie, for 2io Dollars dated 129 25th June I779 this Bill falls under the second general Remark- in page 117 No. 8 A Certificate for L.437.I6 Specie of William Shannons countersigned G. R. Clark in favour of Francis Bosserom. By ; observing the Articles charged in Mr Shannons Books. altho the .M 0 certificate mentions Specie, yet the Commissioners are of opinion that it falls under the 3d General remark in page 117 No. 9 A bill of Exchange first set, drawn by Leonard Helm in favour of Francis Bosseron i167 Dollars, dated Nov. i9th 1779- on the pay Master General of the State of Virginia, This Bill comes under the first general Remark in page I17 and the Commissioners think it ought not to be charged to the State. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 379 -o No. 1o. A second of Exchange of William Shannons not Counter- signed Dated i8th September 1779 in favour of Francis Bosseron No i6o for 4000 Dollars is in part payment of a Certified Account, ; the first of this Tenor Date is in Mr. Nathans hands, this Bill o falls under the first third General Remarks in page 177 c Accounts Presented by Major Boseron. No. i. A certified Account countersigned by G. R. Clark for Sun- dries advanced in the Indian department and for services done, the Commissioners not having the Vouchers produced to them, and un- acquainted with the allowance from the State to persons acting in that Department they cannot pass an Opinion on this, but think MIajr Bosseron justly deserves what the state allows in such cases- the Amount of the above certificate is 828 2/5 Dollars. No. 2 A certified Acct of 94o Dollars to a Company of Men under Major Boseron when Governr Hamiltons Boats were taken, which appears to have been paid by Major Bosseron is due to him No. 3 An Account signed by General Clark for L.51O S.io Some of the articles charged, Stolen by the guard in the House during the seige of the fort, the Commissioners refer it to the Executive whether the State is to pay for these articles (The Commissioners are of opin- ion it should be paid with 122 i/io Dollars.) No. 4. A certificate of John Dodge, that there is due to Major Bosseron 272 Livers in peltry on a Settlement the Secretary having M'Dodges Books, this is deferred till these Books are taken to Rich- mond ( This Certificate is to be paid with io8 4/5 Dollars) No. 5. A Receipt of Captain Baileys for Rum, inlisting men, The Commissioners think this is chargable to Captain Bailey not to the State. No. 6 A Certificate from the Commissary for a Hogg 1201b at 2 Livres p. lb comes to 240 livres or 48 Dollars, 2 Livers pr. lb for pork is the usual charge in that Country. No. 7 8- Two Certificates for services of Madam MIarea as In- dian Interpreter. As the Commissioners have little or no light thrown on these services, they are of opinion that pound;.20 May be a Sufficient recompence, but refer it to the Executive. No.I-2-3- Are pay Rolls for Major Bosseron and his Company but as they are not countersigned by the Commanding Officer, the 380 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Commissioners refer them to General Clark - A Certificate for Frederick Guion as Issuing Commissary i89 days-Z. 14.3.6. A Certificate for a Horse Lost in the service the property of Edward Worthington assigned to Guion Adjourned to Meet at Botetourt Court House 9th Inst. BOTETOURT COURT HOUSE May 9th 1783. Met according to ad- journment Present William Fleming Tho Marshall and Caleb Wal- lace Esqr Mr. Gratiot laid before the Board Copies of his accounts Bills of Exchange as follows viz No. '- A Bill of Exchange drawn by Leonard Helm and Counter- Dol signed G.R. Clark dated January I4th 1779. at Fort Patrick Henry, 942- in Favour of Francis Bosseron, drawn on General Clark endorsed (on the Back) Francis Bosseron Company- The Commissioners have no amount laid before them for which this Bill was drawn therefore cannot Judge of the reasonableness of the Demand, but observe a Bill of the same Tenor date in the List of Bills trans- mitted them by the Executive in Mr. Nathan possession. No. 2- A Bill of Exchange of William Shannons on Colo G.R. Clark in favour of Captain Linctot for 3836 2/5 Dollars dated 5th June 1779 Accepted by G.R. Clark endorsed Linetot, this Bill is marked private, in the body of the Bill it appears the peltries were delivered to Mr Barkley. The Commissioners observe Mr Barkley was not in the service. It is rumoured Mr Barkley took a quantity of Peltries from that country sold them on private Ac- count. By Mr. Shannons Books it seems as if the peltries for which this Bill was given, were delivered to Patrick Kennedy, which Bal- lences Kennady's Account for Beef c there is a remark in Shan- nons List of Bills, in which he observes he had omitted to settle this Bill with the Auditors in 1780 - From circumstances, the Com- missioners are of opinion it is not chargable to the State this Bill is in the List of Bills in Mr Nathans hands No. 3- A Bill of Exchange of Shannons, on G R Clark endorsed Linetot, accepted G.R.Clark drawn in favour of Linetot for 1539 3/5 Dollars said to be for peltries given to Le Croix for provi- sions dated June 5th I779- In Shannons List of Bills, and refers to Le Croix's Acct but there is no such Articles in the Acct nor does JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 38I such a Bill appear to be charged to the State in Linetots Acct and is in Mr. Nathans List transmited to us No. 4- A Bill first set of William Shannon Countersigned G R Clark drawn on the Treasurer of Virginia in favour of Linetot, for 3o00 Dollars for six Hogsheads of Taffia dated at Fort Clark June 14th I779. It appears that it is charged at 500 Dollars P Hogshead, which W. Gratiot acknowledges to be high, reduces it in his Acct Current to 148 Dollars pr Hogshead. The Commissioners think this reasonable observe that this Bill is likewise in Mr. Nathans list. No. 5 A first of Exchange of William Shannons, on the Treasurer of Virginia, countersigned G.R. Clark October 14th I780. in favour of Carbouneaux for 9280 Dollars, the second set of these Bills was settled with Carbouneaux at I27j Dols. No. 5 A first of Exchange of William Shannons, on the Treasurer of Virginia countersigned G R Clark Octr 14th 1780. in favour of Carbouneaux, for i600 Dollars the Second set settled with Car- bouneaux. No. 7- A Second of Exchange Countersigned G R Clark, from Mr. Shannon in favour of Janist for 72i Dollars dated 25th June 1779. at Fort Clark, on the Treasurer of Virginia, for Sundry Provisions furnished the Troops stationed at the Illinois, this Bill is in Shan- nons list of Bills, but no Acct appears for what the Bill was drawn - No. 8- A first of Exchange of Shannons in favour of Joseph Ander- son for going Express from Kaskaskias to the Falls of Ohio c On the Treasurer of Virginia for 405 2/3 Dollars Dated IIth August 1779 Kaskaskias. This Bill falls under the first second general remark in Page 117. But as the Scale of Depreciation would reduce it too much the Commissioners are of opinion this Bill should be paid with X. 20. Majr Linetots Account of Sundries furnished the Indians as Superintendant of Indian affairs as pr Certificates c. No. i- A certificate of Charles Dumay for 81 Gallons Taffia at ioo Livers p Galon i lb. Vermillion, 12 Livres Total 837 No. 2- A Certificate of Ambrouse Dumay for 24i Pots Taffia at 70 Livres p Pott. Amount 1715 Livers. No. 3- A Certificate of Dominique Bogar for Sundries 755 Livers 382 ILLINOIS HISTORICJL COLLECTIONS The following Certificates fall under our third General Re- mark in page 117 Viz- No. i.- In this Certificate the Taffia is high the Vermillion may be right i67 2/5 Dollars. No. 2 This Certificate is high. 343 Dollars. No. 3 We can form no oppinion of this certificate as the time of Boarding c, quantity of articles furnished are not particularized 755 Livres. No. 4- A Certificate Pierre Cournoyer for 2405 Livres the Tobacco corn may be right, the Taffia high. No. 5- A Certificate of Pierre Cournoyer for 400 Livers the Commissioners have some doubts whether this certificate may not be included in No. 4- No. 6- A Certificate of Lemoureux for work done 40 2/5 Dollars, The Commissioners are not acquainted with the value of Work in that country but suppose it is as charged in this account. No. 7- An Account of Mlajor Lanctots for Sundries to Indians, The Commissioners think the first Article of a Gun at 500 Livres very high, the Taffia high, the other Guns unless of the best Quality are Likewise high. 349 2/5 Dols. No. 8- A Certificate of MIr Papins for Sundries furnished Mr. Langtot to the amount of 7650 Livres IO Sous- These articles were furnished at St. Louis, where considering there was no expence of Land carriage, the Commissioners think the articles charged exceed- ing high, they think the Taffia might be sold there in small quanti- ties at 8 Dollars p Gallon, The linen the Canoes appear high, like- wise 3 Horses, but as the Commissioners do not know the qualities of these and some other Articles charged, the cannot determine on them, - 3 Barrels of Taffia of i8 potts making 54 potts or 27 Gallons in all, charged 3780 livers taken by Capt4 Bailey from Dumai the property of Major Lanetot at St. Vincents, the Commr- are of opinion that this Taffia might be reasonable at IO Dollars p. Gallon as a Quantity was taken at once. They also think the Taffia fur- nished at St. Vincents in the preceeding Certificates might be afforded at 12 Dollars pr. Gallon or 6 Dollars the pott in smalls. By the Vouchers it appears Major Lanetot has paid or satisfied the different JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 383 persons by vhom he was furnished (Except the first certificate- 1530 9/1o Dols. Mr Gratiot also laid before the Board certified copies of Certificates Numbered as follows: viz: No. i- A Certificate of Patrick Kennady's to Pierre Douan, Countersigned, John Montgomery Lt. Cola. for 920 Dollars as pr. Vouchers produced to him at Kaskaskias, September 30th 1780 - No. 2 A Certificate of Patrick Kennady's at Fort Clark 28th August 1780 to Wi. Jerrards for 149 3/5 Dollars as pr Vouchers produced to him, as no Vouchers for these two Certificates are laid before the Commissioners they can form no opinion on them No. 3. sAn order of Val Thoe. Dalton at Fort Patrick Henry April 4th 1780. in favour of Pierre Mallet for a hogshead of Taffia, This Bill comes under the first general Remark in Page 117 6oo Dole. No. 4.- A Certificate of Val T. Daltons to Joseph Andre for Sun- dries furnished Indians amount 28o Dollars, The Commissioners thick the Taffia may be paid at 12 Dollars p Gallon, the Corn at 3 Dollars p Bushell, and as the weight of the Hog is not mentioned, they cannot fix it - No. 5- A Certified Acct of Joseph Andre for Boarding four Dela- ware Chiefs 4 days at two Dollars each 32 Dol'. April 5th I780, St. Vincents- The Commissioners are of opinion 48 livers or 9 3/5 Dollars is sufficient No. 6 7-Certificates to Ontwine Bellas () for wood, half Dollar Each The Commr, think these claims reasonable- Saturday May ioth The Commissioners met, finished the Settlement of Mr Gratiots Accounts, and adjourned to meet at Mrs. Breckinridges on Monday next. Monday May i2th 1783 Met according to adjournment. Present William Fleming, Sam'. M'Dowellt C aleb W1allae. The Board proceeded to settle CaptQ Rowland Madisons Ac- counts, which were received in Kentucky but not finally Settled not having time to go through the same. Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Tuesday May 13th 1783. Met according to Adjournment Were farther engaged in the Settlement of CaptQ Madisons Accounts. 384 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Wednesday May 14th Met according to adjournment Were employed as on the preceeding Day, adjourned till tomorrow morn- ing. Thursday May 15th. Met according to adjournment The Commr" continued to examine Capt. Madisons Accounts and Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Friday May x6th. Met according to adjournment-Took in Capt. Rowland Madisons Accounts Vouchers as Quarter Master Com- missary for the Western country in the year I781 there not being a full Board they could not be finally liquidated Adjourned till Tomorrow morning. Saturday May 17th 1783 Met according to adjournment. Received of Col. William Preston, Majr. Thol Quirks re- ceipt for L.io8o Capt. Isaac Taylors receipt for L.2420 in Dis- charge of the Commonwealth acct of pound;.3500 against him It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to James aid Hoglan for i8 days service as a Spy pound;.3.3 - for a Mare lost in ser- vice pound;.30. for a Horse, Mare and Saddle lost .4o in all .73.3.o as pr. Vouchers No. 37. Entered in page i64. Bundle D. It appears that there is due to Henry Hoglan for two Canoes taken for the use of the state pound;.6.i6.o also for one Rifle Gun and Shot pouch pound;.6.io for one Horse .17.Io in all .30.A6 To Richard Hoglan for i8 days Service as a Spy pound;.3.3 pr. Voucher No. 26 Bundle F. Entd in Page 176 To John Pryor Same pound;.3.3p. See page I76. To Boston Deemwood for 85 days work done on the Galley 85 days a 6/ p Day is is pound;.25.Io Voucher No. i6 Page 178 Martin Carney is Charged with two Publick Horses pound;.12.10 to be deducted from the Balance due him entered 22 February last Page 53 Adjourned till Monday next. Monday i9th May 1783. Met according to Adjournment. It appears to the Comrs (on examining Capt. Rowland Madi- sons accounts) that he stands chargable with L. 977,284 for Cash Received from the Treasury and by the Sales of Horses c. 33 yards Oznabrigs at pr. yard and for 84 Horses not accounted for aver- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 385 aged at L.i654.I4.2 p Horse comes to pound;.138.995.xo. Out of which he has credit by his General account of Cash advanced for Horses purchased, Services performed c. L.86I.485. And by service as Quarter Master and Commissary from December 23d 1780. to July 13th 1781. in all 203 Days at p Day. On Mr. Madisons General Account the Commissioners make the following remarks-viz. In voucher No. i the Corn is high charged it is at pound;.20 p Bushel, the selling price on Roanoke was X.12 or L.I5 the highest - - 200 Bushels of Corn charged by Mr. Trigg and for his own Services, he is not qualified to; he charges about 13/6 Specie p day. In Voucher No. 2. of the General Account. No. 21. Pork is charged when reduced by the Scale at 9d pr lb. in No.io of the same Voucher, Bacon is i Specie p lb. 23 A Receipt for 400.10 in the amount it is carried out pound;.399 28 The Articles charged are high. 46 For Shoeing horses, high. 3'. Pork is charged (as reduced by the Scale) at 9j p. lb. In Voucher No. 3. No. i. Price of a Horse, in the account above the receipt L.1530- in the body of the receipt pound;.I535. in Bledsoes account it is only pound;. 1 130. 9. A mare charged pound;.900. the receipt not signed. x2. A receipt for a Horse pound;.8oo in the account .i 150. I4. A receipt for pound;.700 in the Account .8oo. I 6. A receipt for a Horse in the account above the receipt pound;.750. in the body of the receipt .85o, and in the Acct. pound;.8oo. 3i. A receipt for a Horse L.I700 in the account charg'd I750. 34 A receipt for pound;.21 in the Account .3I. 38 A receipt for pound;.3700 in the Account charged .3500. 40 A receipt for a Horse pound;.I300 in the Account .1350. 41. Two receipts for the amount of pound;.2900 in the Account pound;.2800 6i. A receipt for L.I in the Account L.45. 65. An account no receipt for L.433.12.8 75. An account for Corn L.225. The Receipt for L.200. 386 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 80. An account, no receipt nor proof. Mr Bledsoe charges L.30. pr. Day for his Services 249 Days- he charges cash paid Thomas Madison L.412o, no receipt nor Voucher. Voucher No. i No. I- Is an agreement with Gabriel Madison and Bond for the delivery of 162 Horses at L. 1843 each, the Country to pay all charges and risk, this was certainly too high and made this purchase of Gabriel Madison much higher than any of the others, we leave it to the Executive to Judge. No. 2- Gabriel Madisons account of Sundries No. from I to 20. in which is No. i an account no receipt. No. 2 An Account for feeding Horses, the time not specified. No. 9. no articles specified. No. i i An Account for L329 not mentioned for whom. No. i6 A receipt from Matthew Arbuckle for L. 5644 no voucher how applied No. i8 L. 855 Advanced William Arbuckle no voucher how applied. Voucher No. 3 wanting. No. 4 Gabriel Madisons Account for Pack Saddles not proven, no Voucher. No. 5 Voucher wanting. Voucher No. 5 in Mr. Madisons General Account. Abraham Penn's Account No. i. A Horse pound;.I4oo no Receipt. 8. A Horse pound;.Io5o no voucher- A receipt -48io. In the Account charged pound;.X6,900. 12. A receipt for L.2900 in the account L. 1500. 19. A charge for a Horse pound;.I2oo. no voucher. 20. A receipt for pound;.I250 in his account .1300. 27. Two horses pound;.32oo No voucher- No vouchers for the fol- lowing Numbers 28,29,30,31 ,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39. No voucher for his Expenses to Fort Chiswell. With these Vouchers there is a receipt from an officer for a Gray Horse at L/I500. which we think is a Continental charge. No. 32- In the General Account, for a waggonage of Twelve Bolts of Oznabrigs from Richmond to Fort Chizwell. No. 45- An account for Shoeing 121 Horses at L. 36 each. Amount L. 4356. The work was so slightly done that that JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 387 the shoes came off directly-by consequence the Horses got lame and unable to perform the Journey to Kentucky. No. I05 Voucher for a Horse at L. 500. No. xo6 A Horse at L. 4500. No. i10 L. 500 for damage done i8 acres of Wheat, Rye flax. No. 127 Gabriel Madisons Services at L. 50. pr. Day. When No. I is considered and his Expenses are seemingly charged in certificates, this article is scarce allowable, or if allowed, certificates of the prices of the Horses he purchased should be produced the State charged with no more than they cost him. In the Account raised for Mr. Madison he is charged with the Horses he does not account for at the average price. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Colo Benjamin Logan L. i8.9.6. for Corn as pr. Account Vouchers received No. 14 Bund'. C. Entered in Page I71 Received of Cola Benj. Logan an Account Vouchers for Horses c belonging to Sundry Persons, Lost at the Battle of the Blue Lick amounting to L. 852.i6. No. 72 Bundle Lincoln Militia. Entd. in Page i62 Note - - The Horses c Lost at the Blue Lick are Specially reported upon in Page 74 The following allowances are made by the Commissioners for the hire of Horses Horses lost on the Expedition under the command of Gen'. Clark in I782 as pr List Vouchers received from Colo. Logan, Entered in Page i62 L. 273.2.6. See No. 73 Bundle Lincoln Militia. The Commissioners observe that the strays in the above List that are returned or Lost, their prices wages are settled respectively and are of Opinion, that if the Owners appear and prove their prop- erty in said Horses respectively, they should be paid for them-On the Margin of the list is marked the number of Days the Horses were in Service, also those lost. A List of Horses Horse hire allowed to Sundry persons, amounting to L. i85.6- on the Expedition in 1782. See Vouchers in Bundle Lincoln Militia No. 74. Entered in Page i62 388 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Received and settled Capt. John Swans pay Roll of Jefferson Militia, from i8th July until 21st August 1780. amount L. 50.12. See Voucher No. 33. Jefferson Militia Entered in Page i66 Adjourned till tomorrow morning. Tuesday May 20th 1783. Met according to adjournment. Sundry claims for diets Rations c for the use of the Greenbrier Militia when on duty in Kentucky, were laid before the Commissioners by Capt. Rowland Madison, and Settled, amount- ing to L. 5.i i.6 as pr. Vouchers No. 25 Entered in Page 170 - It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John Stepleton L. 3.I2. for Looking after Publick Horses 30 days at i0o dollars pr Day settled by the scale as p. Account and Voucher It appears that there is due to John King and Thomas Mont- gomery (to be equally divided between them) L. 9.11.4. for looking after Publick Horses 4i days each at 2/4. A pay Roll of Capt. Hyne's Company of Jefferson Militia from 21st Octor to 25th Novr 1782. Settled amount L. 78.1o.6 2/5. See No. 35 Bundle Jefferson Militia Entd in page i66 adjourned till Tomorrow Morning. Thursday May 22nd I783. Met according to adjournment - Settled Sundry claims of the Militia of Jefferson County re- ceived of Col. John Floyd -Amount L. 2I9.3.0i p. Voucher No. 36 Bundle Jefferson Militia Entered in Page i66 A Return of Horses lost and Horse hire on the Expedition in 1780 was laid before the Board in Kentucky by James Sullivan Horse Master, which is this day examined, and the sums due to the several persons anexed to their names. Amount L.240.5.g9 pr Vouch- er No. 37. Bund. Jefferson Militia. EntO in Page 170 A return of Horses lost and for horse service on the Expedi- tion in 1782, was laid before the Board by Bland Ballard Horse Master for the Militia of Jefferson County, which is examined and the sums due to the several persons anexed to their names, amount L. 177.6.9. p Voucher No. 38 Bundl Jefferson Militia EntO in Page 170 The Commissioners observe that there is three horses en- JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 389 tered by Capt. Hinds in the above list five by Capt. Potinger, are supposed to be returned to the Owners, the hire of each L. 2.5. seems due. Several of the Horses returned lost in the above mentioned Return have no appraisement Bills, so that their value cannot be fixed, where appraisement bills appear the value of the Horses are noted on the Bills. Accounts of Sundry persons for Guns, Horses c lost attempt- ing to cover the retreat from Boons Station, were presented to the Commissioners and Settled, amount L. 66 .14, See No. 39. Bundle Jefferson Militia -Entered in page 170 Accounts of Sundry Persons for Flour, Horse hire c were presented to the Commissioners Settled amount X.i I. 6.o See No. 40 Bundle Jefferson Militia Entd in Page 170 Adjourned till tomorrow Friday May 23d. 1783. NO. 4I. Bundle Jefferson Militia- A pay Abstract of Capt. George Oins's Company of Militia from the first of May to 2ist December 1780. is Settled by the Commissioners, amounting to L.578.17.0 Entd in Page 170 No. 42 William Shannons Bill in favour of James Sullivan the Account anexed for Sundry articles amounting to pound;.X7.902.4 is Set- tled and allowed by the Commissioners at L.85.o.2 Specie See Bun- dle Jefferson Militia, Entered in Page 170 No. 43.- A Pay Roll of the Field and Staff officers of Jefferson County on an Expedition against the Indians in 1782. under the Command of General Clark is Settled by the Commissioners and allowed as follows, viz To Isaac Cox Col. for 36 days Service at i2/- -- pound; 2. I2 To Wm. Pope Lt. Colo. 36 days Ditto- - I2/ 21.I2 To James F. Moore Majr. 36 days- - ditto- -6o/ I8. 0 To Wm. Oldham adjutant 36 days ditto 4/ 7. 4 To Thomas McCarty Qr Master 36 ditto 4/ 7. 4 To Bland Ballard Horse Master 36 ditto 4/ 7. 4 See Bundle Jefferson Militia Ent. in Page 170 82.I6 No. 34- Allowed to Major Silas Harlan the pr Certificates c No. i- A Balance due Capt. Oins for Beef---- 42.15.10 390 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 2- for 8o lb. Tallow- - - -- 6 d____ 2. 0. 0 3- 275 lb. Wild Meat---- i6/8 ---- 2. 5.10 4- 13.864 lb. Wild Meat i6/8 L.i 15.i0.8 I69 lb. Bear meat do 1. 8.21. I11.7.2 55 lb. Tallow 4d.. . i8.4 J pound;i64.18.10 See Bundle E. Entered in Page 271. 5. Major Harlans account for Pay c was presented, and the Commissioners find that he had not more than 36 Men to command at Clarksville, and there was one Capt. Oins of them whose pay has been Settled, Therefore the Commissioners are of Opinion that the State ought not to pay Major Harlan, as he was not necessary ought not to have been appointed. No. 76. Lincoln Militia-The following claims for Horses c lost at Estills defeat are allowed by the Commissioners, Viz. No. 1- To Page Polwood for i Horse c L i8.- 2- To David Crews for i Ditto I6.1o Carried forward 34.10 Brought forward X34.10 No. 3. To Benjamin Martin for i Horse-------i6.Io 4. To John Moore-- for i Ditto----- 2I.10 5. To John Berry for I Ditto-- 23.I0 6. To Robert Harris for i Ditto 10. 0 7. To Stephen Handcock for i Ditto 27.10 Amount entered in Page i62 pound; I33.I0 The Board having considered the above Claims find that a party of Indians had come in, taken some prisoners and committed murders. Capt. Estill mounted a party of his Militia, overtook the Indians, fought them, fell in the action his party was defeated and the horses lost. the Commissioners have to observe that Indian parties cannot be overtaken in that Country but by persons on horseback, that if they come to an engagement they must dismount and if de- feated it of course occations the loss of several horses c. Adjourned till tomorrow. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 391 Saturday May 24th, 1783. Settled Major Joseph Bowmans Pay Roll Amounting to L.164.3 as pr. Voucher No. 9 of Colo. Bowmans Papers, Bundle Lincoln Militia No. 64. Entered in Page 172 Received from Capt. Rowland Madison, Major Thomas Quirk's certificate for 12 Horses lost James Davis's certificate for I ditto lost, which are to be placed to Mr. 'Madisons Credit at L. I 654-14.2 each. Adjourned till Monday next. Monday 26th May 1783. No. 28- Bundle Fayette Militia. A Pay Roll of Capt. Charles Getliffs Company of Kentucky Militia from I7th March to 26th June I780 is Settled by the Commissioners amounting to L.236 .3.7 3/5 Entered in Page i68 Note the Captain in this Pay Roll is to receive Lieutenants Pay, the Lieutenant Ensigns Pay, the Ensign Sergeants Pay, and One of the Sergeants the pay of a private. The Men whose names are marked x inlisted with the British at Detroit, Several of the Men are returned- The opinion of the Commissioners is, that the Money remain in the Treasury, till call'd for by the Claimants or their order properly attested. Adjourned till tomorrow- Tuesday 27th May I783. An order on the Treasurer of Valentine T. Dalton in favour of George Calhoon assigned to John Dickinson for 504 Dollars; as it is Countersigned by General Clark the Commissioners cannot Proceed upon it without either of full Board or General Clarke being present. It appears that there is due to James Gilmer for 5960 lb. Beef at 2dpr lb. -pound;-- - -.49.I34 509 lb. Bear meat at ------- 2d 4- 4.I0 xo6 lb. Tallow at 4d 1.15.4 See Bundle Lincoln Militia No. 77 Ent. pound;. 55.I3.6 in Page 172 The following Bills certificates were presented to the Commissioners by James Gilmer Settled as follows, viz. 392 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS No. I A first of Exchange by Colo. John Montgomery in favour of James McAfee dated 8th August 178x. for L.20.000 falls under our first General remark Page II 7. No. 2 A first of Exchange drawn by John Montgomery in favour of James McAfee dated 8th August 1781 for pound;7.715.1 this Bill falls under our first General remark Page I17 No. 3 A first of Exchange drawn by Jas. T. Moore in favour of Samuel Wells assigned to James McAfee dated July 9th 1780 for L.iooo. This Bill falls under our first general remark Page II7 No. 4 A Bill drawn by Geni Clark in favour of Andrew Johns- ton assigned to James McAfee for 750 Dollars dated i6th February 1780. Settled by the scale at I6 2/3 Dollars. No. 5 A Bill drawn by General Clark in favour of James Hays for 750 Dollars, dated March Ist 1780. Settled by the Scale at I4 j Dollars L. 4.7. No. 6 A Bill drawn by General Clark in favour of William Thompson for 750 Dollars dated I March 1780. Settled by the Scale at 14 j Dollars L. 4. 7. No. 7 A certificate by Col. Geo. Slaughter in favour of James McAfee for 3350 Dollars and countersigned G R Clark. Dated aug. 8th 1781. The Commissioners are of opinion that James McAfee did not come express but might bring some Letters Returning from Post St. Vincents in the corse of his private business. The Commissioners present having gone through all the Business that can be Settled without a Board have directed the Secre- tary to make out a list of all the Claims against the State raise as many of the Accounts as possible before the Papers are trans- mitted to the Executive, which he will take care to do by the ioth day of June ensuing William Fleming Saml. M'Dowell. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to John 1 The figure in the original manuscript journal appears as it is here given; in the copy it appears as pound;7715. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 393 M'Dowell the sum of Eighteen pounds for a mare which died in service, carrying the Publick papers from Kentucky. adjO till tomorrow. Saturday June 14th 1783. The Commissioners Met at Richmond, and proceeded to make out a general State of the Claims settled by them to lay before the Executive. Adjourned till Monday morning Monday June i6th. Met according to adjournment-Set- tled the following Pay Rolls of the Illinois Regiment, Viz Capt. Jacob Payettes Pay Roll from the gth of March untill the 9th of Sept. 1782, Amount L.346 .14.8. Entered in Page See Bundle Illinois Regiment. Capt. Geraults Pay Rolls one for the month of December I78i. amount L.69.I9.4, also his pay Roll from the ist of January untill the 31st of August 1782. amount L.522.6.o likewise his Pay Roll from the 3d of June to the 30th of November I78i amount L.452.15.4 The Commissioners observe that Capt4 Gerault in his Pay Roll ending in November 1782. ought to receive pay for I68 days instead of the time charged in his Roll - And then the Board adjourned till Tomorrow morning nine o'clock. Tuesday 17th June I783. The board received from Martin Carney Capt. Jepe Evans' Pay Roll from 29th December 1778 untill the mens time was expired, Amounting to L. I579.2.5 3/5 which is settled-See Bundle Illenoise Regiment Entd in Page i85- Also Capt. Jepe Evans's pay Account from I3th July 1780 untill the 20th November I78i i6 months seven Days at 50 Dollars pr. month L. 243.10- See No. 6 Bundle M. Entered in page - - Adjourned till Tomorrow 9 o'clock. Wednesday I8th June I783. Liquidated John Gibson's account and it appears to the Comma that there is due to him L.i135.I7.5 Virginia Currency in lieu of L.I419A6.9 Pensilvania Currency, as pr General Clarks Account. The following Pay Rolls are Settled by the Commissioners- viz. Illinois Regiment. 394 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS No. 7-- Capt. Mark Thomas Company from the time of their enlistment in November December 1779 till 30th November I78x, amounting to L.2657,4.7. (See Bundle M. Entered in Page i85.) No. 8-- A Pay abstract of Capt. Robert George's Company of Artillery commencing 4th June 1779 Ending 3rd December 1781 Inclusive, amounting to L.5301.19.9. Entered in Page i85. No. A-- A Pay Roll of Captain Abraham Kellars Company of the Illinois Regiment commencing 9th May 1779 ending 9th November 178I, Amounting to pound;1702.5.4. See Bundle M. Entered in page i85 No. Io A pay Roll of Captain Abraham Chaplains Company from ist September 1782 till ist January 1783. Amount L.5i6.IO.71 (See Bundle M. Entered in page 185) No. i i A pay Roll of Capt. Robert Todds Company from December 20th 1778 till June Ist I780. Amounting to L.6o8.2.I 3,/5 (See Bundle M. Entd. in Page 185) No. 12 A Pay Roll of Capt. Mark Thomas's Company from the first till the 2ist of December 178i. Amount L.64.2.o 4/5 (See Bundle M. Entered in page i85) No. 13 A pay Roll of Captain Isaac Taylors Company from their inlistment till 22nd August 1780. Amount L.873.4.I 3/5 (See Bundle M.- Entered in page I85) No. I4 A Pay Roll of Captain Edward Worthington's Com- pany from ist June I779. till i June I780 Amount L.679.I2.6 2/5 (See Bundle M.- Entered in page 185) No. I5 A Pay Roll of Captain Richard Brashears Company from the 30th Day of May I780 till the 30th day of November 178I amounting to L.ioi6.6.4 (See Bundle M.- Entered in Page i85) No. i6 A Pay Roll of Captain John William's Company from 29th May I779 till 28th May 1780, Amounting to L. 1452.I5.8 (See Bundle M. Entered in page ) No. I 7 A Pay Roll of Capt. Robert George's Company of Ar- tillery in the Illinois Department from 3rd December JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 395 178i till 31st July 1782. Amount L. 772.12.4.(See Bundle M. entered in Page i85) No. z8 Another Pay Roll of Captain Robert George's Com- pany of Artillery for the month of August 1782 Amounting to L.8o.x8.8(See Bundle M.- Entered in page 185) No. 19 A Pay Roll of Capt. Robert George's Company from ist Sept. 1782 till ist January 1783 Amounting to L. 235.2. Entered Bundled as above. Adjourned till tomorrow morning 9 o'clock. Thursday i9th June-1783. The following pay rolls of the Illinois Regiment were settled by the Commissioners viz No. 20. A pay Roll of Capt Thomas Quirk's Company from I7th December 1778 till 28th May 1780. Amounting to L. 1505.I2.10. (See Bundle M. Entered in Page I 85) No. 21. A Pay Roll of Capt. Richard McCartys Company from 30th May 1779. till 2nd June 1781. Inclusive Amount- ing to L. I530.3.5. (See Bundle MI. Entered In Page 185-) No. 22. A Pay Roll of Capt. John Baileys Company from the time of their inlistment till 30th November 1781 amounting to L. 1859.ig.6 (See Bundle M. Entered in Page i85.) No. 23. Another pay Roll of Captain Baileys Company for the month of December I78I L.63.6-o (Entered Bundled as above.) No. 24. Another Pay Roll of Captain Baileys Company from the first of January till 31st July 1782. Amounting to L.437.12.8. Entered Bundled as above. No. 25. Another Pay Roll of Captain Baileys Company for the month of August 1782. Amount L.Il4.16.8. Entered Bundled as above.) No. 26. Another Pay Roll of Captain Baileys Company from the first September I782 till 31st January 1783 Amount L. 534.17.8 (Entered Bundled as above.) 396 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Adjourned till Tomorrow morning 9 o'clock. Friday 20th June 1783. The Following Pay Rolls of the Illinois Regiment are settled by the Commissioners, viz- NO. 27. A Pay Roll of Captain Isaac Taylors Company for the month of August 1782 Amounting to L. 13.12- (See Bundle M. Entered in Page ) No. 28. A Pay Roll of Capt. Edward Worthingtons Company from dates of their inlistments till 30th November 1781 Amounting to L.I350.17.I (See Bundle M. entd. Page ) It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to David Duncan Three hundred and Sixty Pound Specie Specie Virginia Currency in lieu of pound; 450 Pennsylvania Currency by a Bill of Exchange drawn by George Walls I.M.G.C. countersigned by G R Clark Dated Pittsburg July 28 178i It appears that there is due to Capt. Isaac Craig the sum of pound;29.7. 2j Virginia Currency in lieu of 36.14 Pens Currency. By a Bill of Exchange drawn by General Clark, dated Falls of Ohio 13tb October 178i. It appears that there is due to David Duncan pound; 8 Verge Currency in lieu of Ten Pounds Pensylvania Currency for Pasturage c. taken for the use of the army under the Command of General Clark, as pr Certificate. The Commissioners having examined Doctor Connard's ac- counts find that his Bills No.1.2.6.8.Io are for Medecines Ser- vices ought to be Protested. That NoS. 4 5 are for paper Money advanced to Cole Montgomery, and ought to be paid according to the Scale of De- preciation for the State, as the Scale for that Country did not Con- tinue till the date of the Bills- The Bill of 4000 Dollars General Clark informs the Board was not for Medicines charged the State, but for Paper Currency advanced. That the No. 7.9.- I.12 are Bills by Connard taken up which he wishes to return. The Commissioners are of opinion that Doctr Connard Ought to be Allowed for one Years Service as Surgeon to the Troops in the Illinois Country commanded by Colo. Montgomery the Sum of JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 397 Two Hundred Seventy Pounds, also the sum of Fifty Pounds for Medicins furnished, and Seventy five Pounds two Shillings for Flour, Taffia, Sugar c furnished-Account as follows viz, One year's pay as Surgeon- - (Pay Rations) - - L 270.0- Sundry Medecins furnished------ 50.- Flour, Sugar, Taffia c furnished----- 75.2-- i Bill of Exchange date March 3rd 1780 for Paper Money advanced 4000 Dollars- -reduced is 24.- l Ditto, date Oct. 3, 1780 for 2258 Dollars 9.5.7 L 428-7.7 The Medecins said to be furnished Col. Montgomery the board cannot judge of, as no Prices are fixed; but are of opinion the ar- tickles marked were necessary, the quantity of many of them too great for the number of men, but that the whole might have been furnished for perhaps less than One Thousand Dollars. Frederick Sov4 Guion laid before the Com'l a list for service as an Issuing Commissary, by which it appears that there is due to him L.i i.i8 for that Service, also it appears that there is due to so Guion Ten pounds for a Horse lost in Service pr Certificate assigned to him by Edward Worthington, See Bundle M. Adjourned till Tomorrow morning 9 O'clock Saturday 21St June 1783. The Commissioners proceeded to Examine Col. Mfontgomerys Accounts, but not having time to go through the same. Adjourned till Monday 9 o'clock. Monday 23rd June 1783. The Commissioners Examined several Bills of Exchange pre- sented by Mr William Murray, and made the following remarks. The Commissioners Examined the following Bills of Ex- change drawn by Colo. John Montgomery on the Treasurer of Vir- ginia in favour of Daniel Murray-viz (See Page 285) No. i. A first of Exchange for 544 2/3 Dollars dated 5th October I 780-drawn by Col' Montgomery on the Treasurer of Virginia in favour of Dan! Mvurray-the Commissioners are of opinion, should be settled by the Illenois Scale of Depreciation at L. io.i8.o 398 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS No 2. for 2478 Dollars dated 14th October 1780. This Bill th Commissioners settle by the Scale of Depreciation for the State, which reduces it to L 10.3.8. as ColP Mont- gomery asserts that all the Bills drawn by him on the Treasurer were for Paper Currency unless otherwise ex- pressed in the Bill. 3-- Exchange for I026 Dollars Currency dated i8th October 1780. which is reduced by the State Scale to L.4.4.4. 4. Exchange for 200 Dollars dated I4th October I 780. It appears to the Commissioners by a note among Colo. Montgomerys papers is to be paid with Three Dollars Specie i8/- No. 5-- Exchange for 1590 Dollars dated 8th July 1780, which is reduced by the State Scale to L. 7.6.io. No. 6-- Exchange for 2236 Dollars dated 21St July I780 re- duced by the State scale to L.io.6 . 4 Adjourned till tomorrow 9 o'clock. Tuesday 24th June 1783- The following accounts are allowed by the Commissioners as per vouchers in Bundle D.- viz:- No. 42 To Robert Ravenscraft for 2 Mares L.37.I5 for i Gun L.6. L.43.15 No. 43 To Robert MCAno for i Horse, Saddle c-- I8.I5 No. 44 To Thomas Ravenscraft for i Ditto---- 35.-- No. 45-- To John Dyal- - for i ditto - 21.15 No. 46-- To Edmund Rice- - for i Horse------ 25.-- (Entered in Page 258) pound; I 44. 5 The following pay Rolls c are settled by the Commissioners (See Bundle M.) No. 30- An account of pay for Thomas Ravenscraft, from ixth July 178I till 20th January I783. as a Lieutenant, amounting to L.252.I.8 No. 3i-- A pay Roll of Infantry Volunteers under the Command of Capt. Francis Boseron from 27th October till 17th December 1778. Amounting to L. 140.I2.9-- See Bundle M No 30.) JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 399 See Bundle Lincoln Militia No 78 - No. 32 A Pay Roll of a party of Volunteers under the Corn- and of Major Francis Boseron on an Expedition from 22nd August till 13th September 1779. amt. L.23.6.I 2/5 See Bundle M No. 33 Allowed to Major Francis Boseron for 8 months and 4 days Service as a Captain p account L.i13.17.4 also for 23 Days Service as a Major p Do. 13.16. 127-13-4 The Commissioners are of opinion that there was no necessity for a Contractor at post St. Vincents, as there was but a small number of Men there and a Deputy Commissary present, Therefore that part of Major Boserons account is rejected. e f Allowed to Joseph Lindsay the Following sums as pr account Vouchers in Bundle for Pay as Contractor for General Clarks Expedition agt Detroit from 20th Novem. I780 till ioth April 1781- 142 Days at io/ -------- L. 7 1 .00. for pay as Commissary Contractor for the Militia of Lincoln Fayette Jefferson from ist October I78i till 15th August I782. 252 days at IO/ 126. For 13429 lb. Beef at i6/8 p ct I I i.i8.2 For 353 lb. Pork at 25 / p. ct 4. 8.3 For i65 I lb. Tallow at 6d pr. lb. 4. 2.9 (Entd. in page 290) L 317. 9. 2 It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to Colo John Dickinson assignee of John Carr who is assignee of George Calhoon 480 2/5 Dollars upon an Account receipt drawn by Val T. Dalton Counter signed G. R. Clarke for 564 Dollars. Adjourned till to-morrow morning 9 o'clock. Wednesday 25th June 1783. NO. 34 Mr. Isaac Bowman presented an account of his Service as Horse 'Master to the Illinois Regiment from 12th May till I7th November 1779. 200 days for which the Commissioners are of opinion he ought to be allowed Equal to Quarter masters pay 6/4 p. day which amounts to L. 63. 6. 8. They are farther of opinion that he was 400 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS out of the service of the State at the time he was captured consequently has no legal claim for the time he was in Captivity, but beg leave to refer it to the Honl. The Executive. Page 2901 L.64.9.2.5It also appears to the Comrs. that L.I.2.6 is due to the said Isaac Bowman for Cash paid on behalf of the State, when he was in Service as pr. Vouchers See Bundle. M. No. 35- Allowed to Moses Bonners L.2.13.4 for a Cannoe, taken for the use of the State (See Voucher No. 35 Bundl. M. No. 36. Allowed to Daniel Murray for his service as a Commis- sary in the Illinois department from I7th July 1778 till 17th July I780- 730 days at 6/4 P. Day- L. 231.3.4- also for his services as a Quarter Master from 15th August I778 till first March 1779- i98 days at 3/2 is L-31.7 (See Bundle M.) Adjourned till Tomorrow 9 o'clock. Thursday 26th June 1783. Delivered to Mr. Nathan a certificate for articles received by Mr. Shannon, for which Bills were drawn for the amount of 25.224 3/5 Dollars. Adjourned till To morrow 9 o'clock. Friday 27th June 1783. It appears to the Commissioners that L. i63.18.10 2/5 the amount of two pay rolls No. 3I 32 settled 24th instant is due to Major Francis Boseron, he having produced satisfactory proof to the Board that all the men contained in said pay rolls were paid by him. Adjourned till tomorrow 9 o'clock. Saturday 28th June 1783. Monsr. Carbeneaux presented an account of the articles for which the Bill No. 4 reported on in page 57 was drawn, on Examin- ing the same the board are of opinion that it should be discharged with 125 dollars Specie- yt The Bill No. 12 reported on in page 59th ought to be pro. tested till proper vouchers are produced for the articles for which this Bill were drawn. JOURNAL OF WESTERN COMMISSIONERS 40! No. I- A Certificate drawn by Blackford for 373 lb. Beef al- lowed 280 Livres 6 lb. Iron allowed 15 Livres in all 295 Livres or 59 Dollars Specie. No. 2- A Certificate drawn by Blackford rejected. No. 3- A certificate drawn by Blackford for 4 2/8 Gallons oil Io Livres is 4i Livres allowed 8 2/5 Dollars Specie. A Bill of Exchange drawn by Col0. John Todd in favour of Francis Boseron for 4646 Dollars dated June 26th I779 at St. Vincents. The Comrn1 are of opinion that this Bill ought to be discharged by the Payment of 925 Y4 Dollars Specie. It appears to the Commissioners that there is due to General George Rogers Clark, for flour c furnished the garrison at Fort Nelson L.1204.6.5 j Specie, as p. account vouchers, for his pay c as colonel from 2nd January 1778 till 22 January 178I. L. iioi- for his pay c as Brigadier General from 22 January 178I till 26th June 1783 L. 1092.IO- in all L. 3397.i6.5. as pr. account Bundle M. NO. 37 The Commissioners have Examined a Bill drawn by ColP. John Todd in favour of Monsr. Beauregard for 30,000 Dollars dated 13th December 1779- and find it was for Peltries, applyed to the support of the troops in the Illinois- That the purchas was higher than usual as appears by Colo. Montgomerys certificate and Infor- mation No. 2- The reasons of which will appear by Colo. Todds Letter, The Commissioners are of opinion that this Bill should be honoured- (See Bundle T.- The Bill of 12,000 Dollars drawn by 1r. Montgomery in favour of Monsr. Beauregard, appears to have been for ten Hogs- heads of Taffia, which the Commissioners are of Opinion that it ought to be settled at one for eight by the best information they can collect. The Commissioners having Liquidated as far as in their power all accounts presented to them, prepared the following report to be laid before the Honl. The Executive. viz) RICHMOND 28th June 1783. SIR. The Commissioners having proceeded in the Liquidation of the western accounts as far as in their power refer to their Journals 402 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS for a State of the same, an Index of which will be found there- with; they have also stated accounts against several officers c to which the Auditors may have recourse Accompanying these is a general state of the amount of all accounts by them settled, also the best State the Commis- sioners could collect of all Bills drawn by the officers others in the Illinois department on Oliver Pollock, the Governour Treasurer c, but have to observe that this state of Bills is imperfect as the Commissioners had to collect colonel Montgom- erys list from detached papers. They farther observe that serveral Officers c have not settled their accounts viz. Colo. Montgomery, William Shannon, Capt. Robert George, John Donne Commissary, John Dodge, James F. Moore c. Mr. Shannons papers are only part of them here, as by an unlucky actident he was prevented from attending at this place. The Commissioners thought it unnecessary to enter up the credit of officers others, the amount of Pay recruiting ac- counts c, as that will fall of course to the Auditors, or those to whom the final settlement of these accounts may be referred. The Bundles of vouchers are marked referred to in the Journals, the sums due the Different claimants, are entered in the latter part of the book of Journals from page 256th under different titles, refering to the Journal entry. The Bundles from A. to L. are filed in one Bundle and mark- accordingly- The pay rolls c of the different counties, are in separate bundles and marked with the names of the Counties respectively. We have the honour to be with the greatest respect your Excellencys Most obedient H1. Servants His EXCELLENCY BENJ. HARRISON Esqr Governour c. T. MARSHALL IN COUNCIL Ist July 1783. The Commissioners appointed to settle and adjust the Ac- counts in the Western Department against the State having returned their Proceedings therein. The Board advise that the same be VIRGINIA ACCOUNTS 403 delivered to the Auditors of Public Accompts, and that Certificates be granted for the several Balances due by the State according to the Acts and Resolutions of the Gen. Assembly respecting the same. BENJ. HARRISON. THE STATE OF VIRGINIA.... .............. DR. To SUNDRY PERSONS FOR HORSES HORSE HIRE................... Vouchs. See Bundle D. Page L S d No. I ITo Wm. Morrow for a Horse lost pr. tVouchr. in Bundle-----D- 13 2 II 4 i To-ditto-for Horse hire-ditto do 2 . 2 To Robt. Bowmer for a Horse lostl ditto.---- 14 2 6' l Y4 3 To Jas. Hogan-for ditto-ditto j 22 20 . . 4 To Martha Boone for Horse hire do l 25 1 I8 9 5 To Mordecai Morgan-ditto-ditto do 1 I8 9 6 To Reubin Camp for 6i days service as a Waggoner P. Voucher 44 2 17 2 7 To Robt. Hamilton for a Horse lost 73 25 8 To Jeane Grant for Horse Hire do 8I x II 3 9 To Josiah Phelps for 2 Horses lost 84 66 IO To Wm. Cummins for a Mare lost do 85 4o 0 iI To Nicolas Brabston, the hire of a mare-ditto 93 I II 3 12 To Robt. Sanders for Horse hire c95 9 17 6 13 To John Long for-ditto---ditto zOi I 6 9 14 To Robt. Johnson and others for horse hire p. Voucher in Bundle D 101 9 7 6 IS Samuel Rice for 4 days horsehire same Ho..e0 I x6 To Philemon Walters for a HorseI lost, same 128 32 0 0 17 To Samuel Hinch for a mare Sund. same.--- 129 29 0 8 z8 To the estate of James Right Decd. for a horse Sund. furnished same131 24 iS 8 pound; 274 141 93/4 Vouchru PageI L S.I d Brought forward... l 274 r4 91/4 No. 19 To Jacob Sodowsky for a Horse lost l as p Vouch. in Bundle-D.- 132 23 0 0 20 To Rachel Swan for a mare lost c same do 33 2 73/2 21 To John Patterson for a mare lost same --- 133 2l 6 XY4 404 ILLINOIS HISTORICIL COLLECTIONS Vouchrs Page L S. d To John Dougherty for Horse hire do. To Stephen Fisher for do To John Dougherty for do To Robert Karr-do-- To William Robertson-do- To Gasper Bopes-do- To Peter Demmory for a horse lost as p. Voucher in Bundle D. To John May same-ditto To John Haggan ditto To Nathan Sellers for horse hire- ditto To William Bladsoe for a horse lost -do- To William Morrow for horse hire do To Joseph Love for do To George Farbish for a Gun lost- do- To Jesse Farbish for a Saddle Bridle p. Vouch in Bundle-D- To James Hoglan for Horses To Henry Hoglan for ditto To John Stapleton for feeding horses c do To King Montgomery for Ditto To Thomas McCarty for Sundries- do- To Sundry persons p. ers Bundle D. Acct Vouch- do do do do do do I37 do do do 2 2 2 2 2 I 5 17 1I 2 15 1 5 15 15 ' 5 5 7 13 0 7 144 20 0 1 4 5.7. ' 7 do 18 do 7 , 10 do 2 0 170 I 73 3 170 30 1 x6 176 3 12 176 9 II 178 12 I 545 3 '94 I44 5 THE STATE OF VIRGINIA..... ............. DR. To SUNDRIES FOR JEFFERSON MILITIA............ Vouchers!See Bundle Jefferson Militia Page L. S. d No. x To Capt. Boone, the amount of his Pay Roll in Aug. 1780- 35 39 9 lox i To Capt. William Oldham, the amount of his Pay Roll in Aug. 1780 72 84 I 9 2 2 To Capt. Oldham for rations furnishd 73 I 10 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3' 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 42 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 B I0 8 6 0 6 9 0 0 4 6 3'12 I I I I L VIRGINIA ACCOUNTS 405 Vouchrs Page L. S. d 3 To Robt. Hamilton ditto do I I O 4 To Capt. Jag. Davis the amount of l his Pay Roll in Nov. 1782 74 77 !II5 5 To Capt. James Samuel the amt. of his Pay Roll in Nov. 1782- do 57 9 7 7X 6 To Capt. Jag. Rodgers the amount ofl his Pay Roll in Nov. x782 do 77 r5 2 Y5 7 To Capt. Jacob Vanmater the amount I of his Pay Roll in Nov. 1782.75 50 I7 7 A 8 To Capt. John Varbrus the amount of l his Pay Roll in Nov. 1782 do 92 2 4 Ys 9 To Capt. Charles Polk the amount of his Pay Roll Novr 1782 do I27 6 1 IY5 IO To Capt. Jas. Rodgers the amount of his Pay Roll in July 1782 do 29 1 0 IIs it To-ditto-in May 1782 do 23 0 8 43g Carried forward' L 656 IO 3 Y4 Brought forward 656 10 3V4 No. 12 To Lieut. George Wilson the amount of his Pay Roll in Novr 1782. 75 24 17 7A 13 To Capt. Daniel Hall the amount of his Pay Roll in August 1780 76 49 I8 5 14 To Capt. Hardy Hill the amount of his Pay Roll in August 1780 do 8o 1I 8 IAlso his ration Roll of the same date do 33 12 I5 To Capt. Chal Polke the amount of his Pay Roll in Augst 1780- do 83 5 8 Also his Ration Roll of the same date 45 17I x6 To Capt. Richd. Chinowith the amount lof his Pay Roll in Novr 1782. 77 75 5 22/5 17 To Capt. Danl. Hall the amount of his Pay Roll for Rations in August 1780do 28 I ...... I8To Capt. Jas. Davis the amount of hisd I Pay Roll in July 1782- do 24 1 5 1 4 i9 To Capt. Peter Asturgus the amount' I of his Pay Roll in August 1780 I 78 III X 92/5 do Also his Ration Roll of the same date' do 62 1I8 . 20 To Capt. Aquilla Whitaker the I amount of his Pay Roll in June I782do 80 1 5 21/4 2z To Capt. James Patten the amount of l his Pay Roll in May 1782 do 46 19 2a9 22 To Capt. John Vartrees the amount I of his Pay Roll in April- do 6o 1o 8 The figures are reproduced as they appear in the original, but the total of the items as given should be pound; 662, 'Os, 3 /4 d. 406 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Vouchs Page L. S. d. 23 To Capt. James Asturgus the amount of his pay roll in Nov. 1782- 79 57 13 82/5 24 To Capt. James Patten the amount of his pay Roll in July Aug. 1780 do l09 4 25 To Capt. Lewis Hickman the amt of his pay roll in Aug. 1780 do 64 l 17 IY5 Vouchs See Bundle Jefferson Militia Page L. IS d Also a pay Roll for Rations of the' same date do 29 No. 26 To Capt. Aquilla Whitaker the amt of his Pay Roll in Novr 1782 (see page 80) Bo 97 9 10 Also his Pay Roll in June 1782 do 27 To Sergeant Richd Lee the amount of his pay roll in June 1781 do 9 i6 3 28 To part of Capt. Chinowiths CompT the amount of a Pay Roll in May 1782 85 21 15 53/ 29 To George Wilson for 36 day service as Commissary, p. Vouchr. Bundl. as above 86 9 0 0 3o To Cola. John Floyd for service as p. Vouchers in Bundle as above x28 27 0 0 31 To Capt. Michl Humble for the amount of his Pay Roll in Aug. 1780 137 74 14 II 32 To Cola William Pope for service as a Sheriff p. Vouchr. Bundl as above.I47 7 5 o 33 To Capt. John Swans pay Roll-do-l 176 50 12 34 To Sundry persons for Horses c lost -do-- 177 311 14 35 To Capt. Andrew Hind's pay roll-do 179 78 io 6/ Carried forward1 L ! 2424 x6 S 'The total should be pound; 24x8, 13 S. 9'9 d. Account of Jefferson Militia-Continued.- Voucher Brought forward Page I L. I S. I D 2424 i6 5 No. 36 To Sundry persons as pr list Bundle Jefferson Militia 179 219 3 V/2 37 To Sundries for Horses hire p. Ditto do 240 5 9g/4 VIRGINIA ACCOUNTS 407 Vouche. Page L I S d 38 To Ditto--for ditto- do I77 6 9 39 To Ditto for Guns Horses c Lost I x80 66 14 4o To Ditto for Flour-Horse hire do II z6 4! To Capt. George Oins' Pay Abstractl -do- i o80 578 17 42 To James Sullivan for Sundries j do 85 2 43 To Field staff officers of Jefferson! do- I8I 82 ir6 Total' L. 3886 I5 2 /4 1 This total, based on the items as here given, should be pound; 3880, 12 3, 5f" d. THE STATE OF VIRGINIA ............. .................... DR. TO THE MILITIA OF FAYETrE COUNTY. ..............................................P. g....................... . Vouchers I I Page, L. 1 8 D No. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I10 To Capt. William Hogan for the amt. of his Pay Roll in Aug. 1780, see Bundl. Fay. Mil. To Capt. Wi. Hogan, the amt. of his Pay Roll in Dec. 1780, see Bundle Fayette Militia To Capt. Hazeltrigg, the amount of his Pay Roll in Nov. 1782 Bundle F. To Capt. Wm. MCConnel for the amount of his Pay Roll in Novr 1782 To Capt. Robt. Johnson for the amount of his Pay Roll in April, 1178 - !To Capt. John Constant the amount of his Pay Roll in Novr 1782 To Capt. Robt. Johnson for the amount of his Pay Roll in Novr 1782. To Capt. Wm. McConnel of Mc- Connels Station the amount of hisi Pay Roll in Novw 1782 I To Spies for Services performed asl p Voucher in Bundle as above To Wm. Marshall Barnebas Boyl for spying p. Vouch. In Bundle as, above. I I I 2I 21i 22 23l 23 23 l 24 doI do 25l 26 331 17 1 II2 1 6' 74 62 114 77 791 75 28 I t ! 18 i6 8 '4 I ; 1 5 14 JO IO 4 8 4 8 8 408 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS VouchersI I PageI L I S 1 D ii To Daniel McClain for service as Commy. p. Voucher Bundled as above go 3 17 3 12 To-ditto-ditto 9' I 13 To Ensn. John Pleak the amount of his Pay Roll in June 1781 Bundled as above. 92 531 1 l V2 1030 12 V2 Vouchers Continued. Page L S D Brought forward 1030 12 V2 No. 14 To Robt. Thompson for sun. services performd p. Voucher in Bundle Fay- ette Militia 92 9 18 0 z5 To James McConnel for making three Canoes p. Vouchr. In Bundle as above. 93 12 i6 To Lieut. Thos. Stevenson the amount of his Pay Roll in July 1782. do 17 9 4 17 To Mich. Warnick for building a store House p. Vouch Bundled as above. do 6 13 4 Is To Thos. Feeklin for a Gun lost in service p. Voucher Bundled as above. do 5 15 I9 To And-V. Steel for services as Q. Master Commissary p. Vouch Bun- dled as above. 95 78 10 9 20 To the Estate of Thos. Stevenson for a Gun lost in service p. Vouch. as above. 96 5 o o 2i To Capt. Robt. Patterson the amount of his Pay Roll in July 1782 BundL as before. do I20 9 oT/2 22 To Capt. Wm. McConnel the amount of his Pay Roll in Jan. March 1783.do 9 13 9 23 Lieut. Francis McDonnald the amount of his Pay Roll in Jan. March 1783.do x6 7 8 24 To Sundries for building the Fort at Lexington Bundled as above 1ox 92 3 6 To Sundries lost at Colo. Todd's de- feat as pr. Vouchr. in Bundle as above 97 361 9 25 To-ditto-at Capt. Constants defeat 98 120 To Sundries as p. Certs. Recd. of Colo. Boone. 100 457 8 Or/2 26 To Lieut. John Morrison the amount of his Pay Roll in July 178i See Bundle Fayette Militia. 102 78 15 10 27 To Capt. Isaac Ruddle the amount of his pay Roll in June 1780- 113 442 10I VIRGINIA ACCOUNTS 409 Vouchre Page L. S d 28 ro Capt. Charles Gatliffs Pay Roll 183 236 3 7 Y5 ro amount brought over 2343 9 6 Fayette County-Total- L 3100 19 'This fraction should be 9Yo. THE STATE OF VIRGINIA .... .............. DR To SUNDRIES FOR THE GREENBRIER OTHER MILITIA ON COM. 1781 Vnichersq Pave ' L. S. I D No. I To Francis Donally 46 Ration 6d P. Ration P. Voucher Bundl. A 2 To Sarah Donnally 70 Ration-do- 3 To Daniel McClain 63 ditto 4 To Robt. Thompson 35-ditto 5 To Lucy Wimer 246 ditto- 6 Fo Samuel Johnson 236 ditto 7 8 rTo Hugh Cunningham 147 ditto To Jas. Asturgus a Bill for rations, ditto 9 ro George Grundy for 6o ditto 10 To William Martin for 45 ditto 'I To Saml. Kelly for Rations I2 To George Owens for Rations 13 jTo George Puff for do 14 ITo Samuel Rice for diets 15 ;To Isaac Hite for Provisions do I6 !To John Pringle-ditto- I7 To Jane Travis-ditto I8 To William Wilcox-ditto- 1g To James Lawrence for rations do 20 jTo William McWhorter do 21 To William Robertson do 22 ITo John Berry-do-- No. 23 'To Samuel Brigs-do-do 24 ITo Henry Baffman-do- 25 To Sundry persons for Diets-Rations c-See Bundle Greenbrier Militia A. To amount Brought over 2- I' 3 6 3 5 i8 26 3 1 3 43 3 10 82 3 91 I 2 92 2 2 104j 4! 9 1041 7 I I05o 3 o I27 iI8 2 8 14 5 j I4. 128 I ! I 130 I3 5 10j 12 I 141 2 I6 1431 2 x 8 145 3 oI 176 5 I 91 9 10 L 97 2 i 6 6 6 1 6 ! 6 11 4 4 6 0 o ! 0 Io 0 0 0 6 0 0 6 6 8 2 i I 410 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ........................................................................ THE STATE OF VIRGINIA ................................. DR. To SUNDRIES FOR SALT CORN C Vouchers I Page L. S I D No. I To Evan Hinton for a Kittle lost at the salt works, Oct. 30, 1777 p Vouch- er in Bundle C.- 12 4 5 0 2 To Robt. Johnson for Plank p. acct and Voucher, Bundle C.- 25 3 7 8 3 To Wi. Grant for Corn as p Voucher in Bundle C.- 26 75 4 9/2 4 To Israel Grant-ditto 9 12 5 To Edw. Hammon ditto 3 6 To Joseph Phelps-ditto- 43 21 7 To Morris Hansbrough ditto go 3 Is 8 To Robt. Johnson Sund. ditto 95 50 10 9 To John Templin for forrage 112 12 3 Y4 io To John Curd for 5o Bushels corn 136 9 0 0 Ix To Saml. Shortridge for 7 ditto 137 14 0 12 To William Steel for I/2 Bushels salt145 I 10 0 13 To John Sellers for ditto I 10 14 To Col. Benjamin Logan for Corn 175 1I 9 6 (Warrants issued for the above) pound; 202 1 3 31/4 THE STATE OF VIRGINIA.... .............. DR. TO SUNDRIES FOR BEEF, FLOUR, C. ....................................................................... Vouchers Page L. S D No. I To. Wm. Hays for a Steer as p Voucher In Bundle E.- 25 3 I 6 2 To Colo Daniel Boone for 582 lb. of Beef p. Vouchr Bundl.-E- 4 17 3 To John Ray for 278 lb. of flour p. Voucher Bundle E.- 43 2 13 7 4 To Gravis Wapshott for 23 lb. flour a Hunting Shirt P. Vouch. Bund. E.- 82 7 6 1Y2 5 To Hugh Martin for Beef c as pr. Voucher Bundle-E.- 91 2 17 7'A 6 To Henry McDonald for Beef fur- nishd pr Voucher-Bundle E.- I 8 5 7 To Robt. Patterson for-ditto- 6 VIRGINAL ACCOUNTS Vouchers Page L. S D. To James Lindsay-ditto To James Wason-ditto To John McDonald-ditto To Michl. Warnick-do 92 To Levi Todd assee. of Jno Napper 95 To Van Swerengen for 2032 lb. Beef 96 To Wi. MCConnel for-ioolb-Beef To David Wm. Mitchels for Beef' Ioo Carried over to Page 27I To William Stafford others for1 provisions as pr. Vouch. Bundle E. I02 To John Saunders for Beef Sund.J as pr. Voucher in Bundle E. 104 To Mrs. Swan for Flour-ditto- I I2 To Edw. Parker for Beef c 117 To Sergeant Elms-ditto- To William Thompson-ditto- To Moses Lunceford-ditto- To Josiah Smith-ditto- To Jas. Finn assee. of Wm. Bush 120 To Mary Hinton for I66 lb. Pork 131 To John Henkston for a cow-do- To Edw. Hogan for 643 lb. of Beef 132 To Jas. Harrod for a yearling Bull 136 To Jno. Cowan for III lb. of pork To John Smith for 55 lb. of Beef To Henry French for Beef c To Benjamin Pope for Beef 147 To Peter Young for a Beef cow-do- To Silas Harlan for Sundries I8I 6 7 5 5 3 I8 I 17 88 4 I6 I8 9 6 12 12 2; 7 1 I O I 5 2 I 12 5 31 2 6 I 3 IS 12 3 0 I ' 3 1 5 110 2 I 7 '3 5 7 l Xl x 7 8 8 10 8 '3 2 10 164 I8 , 1 408 21 THE STATE OF VIRGINIA .............................. .. DR. THE SUNDRIES FOR EXPRESS SPY DUTY. Vouchers' L. S, D No. i To Sergeant Crump for going Ex- press as pr. Voucher in Bundle F.- 30 4 10 2 To Edw. Doherty for going Express as pr. Voucher in Bundle-F- 37 I0 3 To Ditto-ditto-ditto- x I 16 4 To John Phips-ditto- 42 4 10 5 To Edward Parker Wm. Boush for going Express to the Illinois 6z 40 5 To Edw. Parker ditto Bundle F. 72 4 I 5 6 To Capt. Jno. Sullivan-do- So 25 4"1 8 9 I0 IX 12 13 14 15 I6 17 No. Is 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 3 4 2 3 6 6 4 I I /2 8 6 0 2 4 Vz 6 10 2 0 9 8 4 6 0 I0 I 0/4 i 412 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Page i L. S To Sam. Eakin for ditto To John McGarr-ditto- To John McGarr for Balance of his account with the State-Bundle F. To James Asturgus James Welsh for services as spies p. Vouch Bundle F. To Peter Coleman Davd Glenn for service as Express p. Vouch Bundle F. To Daniel Sullivan-ditto To Robt. Floyd To David Glenn-ditto To Alex. McClain for service as a Spy p. Voucher in Bundle F. To Samuel Johnson for services as Express p. Vouch Bundle F. Continued in page 274. Account Kaskaskias from Page 281 To Acct. Fort Jefferson Illinois Regiment c added to Page 289 As pr. Acct. Lincoln Militia No. 78 Genl. Clarke others in Illinois Acct Total 8x 83 84 86 88 89 HI 93 1- S 21 3 54 30 17 71 12 12 10 '3 15 z 6 ' 5 is 235 ! 12 13-436 I 2 105 8 27.250 13 8 317 9 2 13.o62 14 82.658 10 2 D Vouchers 7 9 I0 II 12 12 13 14 15 6 1 6 SI! i CHAPTER XI ALLOTMENT OF LANDS IN CLARK'S GRANT TO SOLDIERS ON THE ILLINOIS EXPEDITION, FEBRUARY I, 1783 -APRIL 3, 1847 COMMISSION ORGANIZED, FEBRUARY I, 1783 AT FORT NELSON - LANDS LOCATED OPPOSITE LOUISVILLE - WILLIAM CLARK APPOINTED PRINCIPAL SURVEYOR -THOSE ENTITLED TO RECEIVE LANDS, AUGUST 3, 1783-CLARK EM- POWERED TO ERECT A MILL IN CLARKSVILLE, AUGUST 7, 1783-SALE OF LOTS, MAY 9, 1786-CLARK PRESENT AT MEETING OF THE BOARD, FEB- RUARY I, 1813. "RECORDS OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ILLINOIS OFFICERS RESPECTING A GRANT OF LANDS."' [Draper MSS., 6iJ.-D. S.] Proceedings of the Commissioners on the Grant of Lands to Illinois Officers, February I, I 783 ' Governor Patrick Henry submitted Clark's plan for the conquest of the Northwest to Thomas Jefferson, George Mason, and George Wythe. They advised that it should be carried out and promised to use their influence in securing from the Virginia Assembly three hundred acres of conquered land for each common soldier enlisting in the expedition and the officers in the usual proportion. See Clark Papers, 37-38. In the resolution providing for the cession by Virginia of her lands north of the Ohio River (January 2, 1781), it was stipulated that a quantity of land, not to exceed 15o,ooo acres, should be granted to the officers and soldiers of the Illinois Regiment. Hening's Statutes at Large, 10:565. During the October, 1783, session of the legislature, a supplementary act was passed which provided for locating and surveying these lands and naming a Board of Commissioners, composed of William Fleming, John Edwards, John Campbell, Walker Daniel, George Rogers Clark, John Montgomery, Abraham Chapline, John Bailey, Robert Todd and William Clark. This board was to consider all claims to land under the resolution and appoint a principal surveyor who was to assist them in locating and sur- veying the remainder of the 150,ooo acres on the northwest side of the Ohio, after first laying out 0ooo acres for a town. The land selected was opposite Louisville, and constitutes a portion of Clark, Floyd and Scott counties, Indiana, but the greater part of the "Illinois Grant" was in the first named county. William Clark, the cousin of George Rogers Clark, was appointed a commissioner and the surveyor for the Indiana land grant to Clark's regiment. He was commissioned a lieutenant before he came to Kentucky, probably in the company of Captain John Rogers, and was first stationed at Fort Jefferson, then at Fort Nelson. He served in the Wabash campaign. Kellogg, Frontier Retreat, 230, note I. For Colonel William Fleming, see ante, 32, note x. For Colonel John Campbell, see ante, 145, note I. For Walter Daniel, see ante, 192, note I. For John Montgomery, see ante, 21, note I. For Captain Abraham Chapline, see Clark Papers, 23, note I. For Captain John Bailey, ibid., index. For General Robert Todd, see ante, 14, note I. 4I3 414 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Agreable to advertisement for the Officers of the Illinois Regiment, to meet and adopt some mode of having the Land promised them in the Illinois Country ascertained and laid off Brigadier General Geo. Rogers Clark, ColQ Montgomery, Majr Quirk (by Cole Montgomery his Atto.) Capt George, Capt Bailey, Capt Brashear, (by Capt Bailey his Atto) Capt Chapline, Capt Girault (by Mr William Clark his Atto.) Capt Lt Harrison, (by Capt Barbour his Atto.) Lieut Calvit, (by his ditto) Lieut Montgomery, (by his ditto) Lieut RichO Clark, Lieut William Clark, and Lieut Perrault (by his ditto) met at the Falls of Ohio, Fort Nelson February let I783. There being a Majority of the Officers belonging to the said Regiment, they proceeded to the Election of a president when Gen- eral Clark was unanimously Voted in to the Chair.-And after mature debate and consideration upon the Resolution of the second of January one thousand seven hundred and eighty one, relative to a Grant of one hundred and fifty thousand Acres to the said Illinois Regiment, they came to the following Resolutions. That an Agent be appointed to transact the business of the Regiment who shall be considered as having the Rank of Major, and be intitled to the same Quoto of Land as a Major belonging to the said Regiment.- That five Deputies from the Regiment, three of whom to do business, be appointed to represent the Officers during their absence, as in all probability a general meeting cannot be again had with con- veniency.1 The Deputies are invested with all the powers and Author- ity which the Officers of the Regiment have, but these powers are to cease whenever a Majority of the Officers shall Personally meet. The Agent is to receive instructions from the Deputies in the recess ' This board continued to hold meetings for sixty-three years, but during the years 1790, 1793, 1794, 1795, 1796, 1800, 1807, 1812, and 1814 no meetings are indicated. The last meeting at which George Rogers Clark was present was in February, i813. In all, there were some eighty meetings of the Board while he was a member and Clark was present in forty-seven sessions. He served thirty-three times as chairman. For the official plat of Clark's Grant, see William H. English, Con- quest of the Northwest, 2:852-853. The proceedings of the Board are printed, in part, in Conquest of the Northwest, 2:Io68-IiI6. LANDS ORDERED EXPLORED, 1783 of the Board of Officers.- - -From the Agents representation of the necessity of a meeting of the Deputies, the President shall forthwith call them together for a Consultation.- The Agent is to make report of the progress of the Business from time to time to the President of the Deputies. The Deputies shall have power to hire Men to Explore what Tract of Country they may find necessary, and to de- fray their Charges in Land out of the said Grant: And also to direct the Agent to Petition the Assembly to establish a Town on such place and plan as they shall approve of. The Board proceeded to nominate an Agent, when Mr Walker Daniel was unanimously elected. They then made Choice of Genl Clark CoIB Montgomery, Capt Shannon William Clark and Capt Bailey to act as Deputies to the Regiment. Ordered that these proceedings be recorded in the District Court. Signed by order of the Officers of the Regiment G R CLARK At a meeting of the Board of Deputies for the Illinois Regi. ment at New Holland on Monday the Io' of feby 1783 Present Brigr Genl Geo. Rogers Clark Capt Shannon Mr Wm Clark Capt Bailey. The Board proceeds to the appointment of proper Persons to Explore that Tract of Country opposite to the Falls of Ohio, and accordingly made Choice of Col9 Montgomery, Capt Bailey, Capt Barbour Mr Win Clark for that purpose, who are recom- mended to proceed as soon as possible, make memorandums of the Quality and extent of the Lands and report them forthwith to the Board that further proceedings may be had thereupon. G R CLARK March 25th.1783. At a meeting of the Deputies for the Illinois Regiment. 4I5 4i6 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Present General Clark 1 Cole Montgomery Four of the Capt Shannon five Deputies Lieut Clark J The Board taking into Consideration the difficulties and danger of further exploring the Country North West of the Ohio, and the information they have received both from hunters and others, and the report of the Party sent to examine that Tract of Land which lies opposite to Louisville, came to the following Resolution. Resolved that the Lands opposite to the Town of Louisville on the Indian side of the River Ohio, beginning where the Silver Hills bind close on the River below the mouth of Silver Creek, Run- ning thence up the River and back for the quantity which the Regi- ment may be intitled to; be made choice of, and that the Agent draw a Petition to the Assembly praying an Explination of the resolution of January the 2d I78i relative to the Lands designed for the Illinois Regiment and that the Land so described may be granted to the Officers and Soldiers belonging thereto. Resolved that the Agent be directed to draw a Plan for a Town Petition the Assembly to have it established in such Con- venient place within the Grant as the Trustees shall choose, who ought to be impowered to perpetuate their Succession in case of Vacancies, and also to reserve some Convenient place proper for a Landing above the great Point to have Ware-Houses erected 'for the reception of Hemp, Tobacco, and other Purposes. Resolved that some Tribunal ought to be established by law to discriminate between those who are, and who are not entitled to Lands under the Law, and that the Agent petition the Assembly to declare what office and what service intitled any Claimant to a Share in the said grant, and what proportion each Clamant shall have Resolved that a Surveyor to run the lines including the Quan- tity the Regiment are intitled to ought to be appointed by the As- sembly, but that the Trustees for laying off the Town should be impowered to procure one or more Surveyors on the best terms they can to divide the lands among the different Claimants, and when the Situation and Value of the Lands is better known that the Trustees ADVERTISE FOR LAND CLAIMANTS should fall on such Plan for the equally dividing the Lands as they shall find most expedient and Equitable. Resolved that as the Assembly in several Acts which they have passed relative to the Bounty of Lands given the Officers and Soldiers of their Regiments, shew a willingness that they should all have Valuable Lands; That the Agent petition the Assembly not to include Mountains Knobs or Hills which shall be unfit for Culti- vation, which may fall within the Limits of the Tract they have petitioned for, in the Quantity the Assembly may think proper to allow them, as in that case no division could be made but that Lands of No Value would fall to the Share of some Officer or Soldier. Resolved that the Agent use all diligence to have the busi- ness expedited, the Grant confirmed, and that when the Lands shall be divided among the Claimants that the Trustees be impowered to Convey Titles to them. G. R. CLARK ! JNO MONTGOMERY Signed I Wm SHANNON [W. CLARK LOUISVILLE Ap! 22' 1784.- Board of Commissioners met agreable to Act of Assembly, intitled "An Act for Surveying apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment, establishing a Town within the said Grant"- Present, Gen! George R. Clark, John Montgomery Abraham Chap- line, John Bailey William Clark Walker Daniel Geni Commis- sioners. Ordered that Public notice be given by advertising at the different Court Houses in the District, That the Claimants of the Illinois Regiment bring in their Claims and lay them before the next Board, and that Robert Todd Gent be appointed to receive those for Fayette, Walker Daniel for Lincoln Col9 Campbell, Cola Montgomery, Capt Bailey or either of them for Jefferson; to whom the Claimants are desired to give in their respective Claims, the Deputies are requested to advertise their appointments Office, and make report to the next meeting. Ordered that a Board meet on the first Monday in August 417 4i8 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS next or sooner if it shall be judged necessary by a Majority of the Commissioners, if it shall be so adjudged, a meeting shall be ad- vertised by the Senior Commissioner Present - Ordered that William Clark be appointed Principal Surveyor, be intitled to the same Fees as are by Law given to the Surveyors of the Continental State lines, deducting however the sixth that is there paid to the College. The said Surveyor is hereby directed to proceed forthwith to run the inclusive lines, to employ one or more Hunters to explore the Country before him to find the Men in provisions c. The Surveyor is directed to Survey the Lands on the Northwest Side of the Ohio opposite to the Falls, run- ning up the River back for Quantity, so as to take in the best Land that the Conditions of the Grant will admit of. WALKER DANIEL GEO. R CLARK Signed JOHN MONTGOMERY JOHN BAILEYS ABRAHAM CHAPLINE W. CLARK Copy of the proceedings of the Commrs for adjusting the claims of the Officers Soldiers of the Illinois Regiment to the Lands given them under a resolution of JanY 2d 178i agreable to Act of Assembly passed October Session 1783. LOUISVILLE August 2 I784. Commri met according to adjournment; Present, Walker Daniel, Geo. R. Clark, John Montgomery, John Bailey, Robert Todd William Clark, Gente CommrO Ordered that the Board adjourn 'till tomorrow morning. Sign'd W. DANIEL Chn August 3' The Board met according to adjournment; Present the same Members as yestarday, also Abraham Chapline Gente On motion, the Board came to the following Resolution; That all Officers Soldiers who marched and continued in service till the Reduction of the British Posts on the North West side of ye Ohio, that all who engaged, enlisted in the Illinois Regiment after- wards served during the War, or three Years, are intitled to a share of the Grant under the Resolution Act of Assembly. But LAND CLAIMS ALLOWED that those soldiers who have enlisted in the said Regmt since the 20 day of January I78i. either for three Years or during the War are not entitled, as there seems to be no provision made under the Resolution for those who should thereafter be incorporated in the said Regiment. That the Officers of the Regmt are intitled to a Share of the Land in proportion to the Commissions they respectively held on the si 20 day of January 178i, not in proportion to the Commissions they have since held in consequence of Promotions; and that therefore, Officers Commissioned since that Period are not intitled at all; And that those Soldiers who inlisted to serve 12 Months after their arrival at Kaskaskias agreeable to an Act of Assembly of the fall Session I778 for the protection defence of the Illinois Country who did not reinlist in the Regiment are not in- cluded in said Resolution. That those Officers who were Commis- sioned under sO act Resigned before the expiration of the 12 Months are not intitled, but that those who continued during the year, then retired not having a Command, are intitled. Adjd August. 4th; The same Members as Yesterday. The following claims were taken ur are marked, To wit, Geo. R. Clark, Brig. Gen! John Montgomery, L1 Col. Joseph Bowman Majr Thou Quirke Majr Walker Daniel Majr Jesse Evans (not allow'd) JaO Shelby, Capt John Bailey, Capt Richd Brashear, Capt Robert George Capt Richd iIMCarty Capt Abraham Kellar Capt Edwd Worthington Capt WV' Harrod Capt Wm Lynn, (not all') allowed on reconsidering July 17 1785 allowed, disallow'd as they John Williams Capt Geo. Walls, not allow'd, Robert Todd Capt Leond Helm Capt Isaac Taylor, same Lewis Gagnia, Soldier John Lemon D9 (Thos Gaskins DQ Moses Lunsford D9 Wm Smith - DQ MIich. Millar (not alld) Robert Witt, Soldr Nich. Burk DI WXm Bush D9 Micajah Mafield DP 419 420 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Isaac Ruddle (not all ) Levi Todd, Lieutenant James Davies U John Swan U Henry Floyd U RichO Harrison Lt Jar Robertson U Abraham Chapline LU John Girault U Michael Perrault Lt Joseph Calvit Lt Jar Montgomery U Isaac Bowman U Jarret Williams U RichO Clark U Wm Clark Lt Thor Wilson U Valentine T. Dalton, Lt Jacob Vanmeter Ens" Laurence Slaughter EnsP Isaac Kellar, Serjt John Rogers Capt Jar Meriwether LU John Thruston, Cornet John Joines, Soldier Ja Baxter Soldr John Johnston D9 Wm Bell Do Rich" Lovell DQ Sam. Watkins D9 Edwd Mauray Soldr Jar Jarratt (not alld) Francis Hardin. same Larkin Balenger DQ W'P Kerr D9 Henry Dewitt Serjt W'P Crump DP Thor Hooper D9 John Montgomery DQ Francis McDermit DQ Edw. Parker Serjt Peter Shepperd, Soldier WM Thompson D0 George Shepperd DQ Randall White DQ Geo. Lunsford D9 Mason Lunsford DQ Andrew Clark D9 Wm Whitehead D Robt Whitehead D9 Boston Damewood (not allow'd) Wm Crossley, (same) Peter Newton Soldr Nich. Tuttle (not alld) Jn9 Grimes Soldr Francis Grolet (not allO) Francis Grolet jr. same Hugh Logan, same John Dodge, same Israel Dodge, same John Vaughan, Serjt Bev. Trent - D9 John Tewell (not all") Levi Theel, Soldier Francis Godfrey DQ Mat. Brock (not alld) Val. T. Dalton not all' as an adjutant Ja Sherlock, not all' Jn9 Doherty, same Chas McLocklin DQ Jesse Piner, Soldier Jar Brown Serjt LAND CLAIMS ALLOWED John Moore DQ Edwd Johnston Soldr Cha4 Evans D Isaac Yeates DQ George Livingston D Reuben Camp DQ John Pulford DQ Ja' Bryant D Page Sartine DQ John Nelson (not alld) Enoch Nelson Soldr Jonathan Swordon DQ Wm Ruleson DQ Christr Hatten DQ Jas Dean, not alld George Gilmore Soldr Lewis Brown, not alli Joseph Thornton, Soldr Dani. Williams DP David Allen DQ Moses Nelson, not all! Augt 5th Dennis Cochran Soldr David Jones, D9 substitutes for JnQ Nelson FCommissaries of Military t Stores, Provision, not Allowed iXIartin Carney, not allP as a LtI nor as a Qr Master [Allowed grant of Lieutenant, August 7, 1784.] Geo. Hart, not all! And. Ray, same Wm Elms D9 Joseph Ross Soldr Cha' Ownsley DP Jae HillebrantZD9 or Dawson5 Ja' Elms DQ Dani Tigart DQ RichO Bredin, not alld John Cowan Soldr Wm Pritchard SerjW WmP Pursley Soldr Peter Priest D9 Geo. Venshioner D And. Canore DQ Josiah Prewit D Buckner Pitman Serjt Ab. Miller Sold! Mat. Jones D9 Christor Coontes, not all9 Isham Floyd Soldr John MvGarr DP John Oakley D9 John Hacker DQ Ja' Ramsay DQ Jn9 Leveridge, not allO ArmO Dudley Soldr Edw9 Mathews, not allO Cha. Morgan, same Wrn Freeman Soldr John Ash DQ Those Continentals who came up with Capt George, and never reinlisted in the Illinois Regi- ment are not allowed - 42I 422 ILLINOIS HISTORiCAL COLLECTIONS John Williams Serjt Thou Moore Soldr John Moore DP Wm Tyler DQ Jos. Lynes DQ John Green D Wm Myres DQ John Paul DQ John Hughes DQ Isaac Vanmeter DQ Andrew House DQ Ebenezer Osbourne DQ Thou Batten DQ Stephen Frost DQ Van: Swearingen D9 John Linen D9 Sam Blackford DP Laten White D9 Abraham Luzader D9 Wm Ray D9 Ja5 Harris D Herman Consuly D9 John Duff DQ Jas Curry DQ Steph: Stephens D9 Ebenr Bowen, not alld Wm Swann Soldr Simon Kenton D9 John Saunders D9 Geo Clark D9 Wm Whitley DQ David Glenn DQ Silas Harlin D9 John Severns DQ Dan. Durst, not allow'd WIP Rubey, SerjO Pat. Doran, Soldr Wm Greathouse DQ Chao Bitterback DQ Robt Patterson Serjt JaO January Soldr Jav McNut DQ Geo. Grey DQ Elisha Bethey DP Richd Rue, not allO Arthur Lindsay Soldr Sam. M9Mullin D9 Edwd Wilson D Sam Stroud Serjt Barney Waters Soldr Henry Funk DQ Jacob Coger DQ Peter Coger DQ Jas Bentley D9 John Bently D9 EdmO Fear d9 Wm Slack d Asael Davies d9 John Boyles d9 Jos: Ramsay d9 Thoq Clifton dQ RichO Lutterell dQ Wm Crosbey d9 Jas Wood d Jae Holmes dQ Joseph Anderson d9 Moses Camper dQ Tilman Camper d9 JOa Monrow d9 Charles Jones dQ Befij Kendall d9 LAND CLAIMS ALLOWED Ebenezer Severns DQ WXm Oreer Do JaO Irby Serjt Jesse Oreer Soldr Sam Humphries do Ebenr Mead, not alld Dom: Flanagan Soldr Jonas Manifee d9 John Tally d0 Dan. Tally, not allo Wm Zecklege Soldr Jas. Kincade not all John Sartine Soldr Henry French, not aid Peter Locklin, same John McGuire, same John Lesley same Lough Brown same Hugh Logan, same David Bailey Soldr Sam Butcher not ali Isaac Henry Soldr Henry Hatton Not all John Isaacs Soldr Isaac Farris Soldr John Henry do Hugh Henry dQ David Henry do Edwd Bulger dQ Abraham James do Henry Prather dQ Jacob Spears dQ Abr Taylor d0 Sam Bell, d9 Moses Nelson, not all EdwO Taylor same Ja' Whitecotton Soldr Robt Garrott d John Oreer Serjt Dan. Oreer Soldr John Reed not allO Chat Morgan, same WXm Rubey jr Soldr Corn: Ruddle d Pleast Lockert d9 Josiah Phelps de WXV" Beckley do W'P B. Smith, not allO JaO Finn Soldr Wm Chapman d9 David Rogers, not al: Sam. Byrd same Ja Biggar Soldr Ja8 X\IcKinn, not al1 Gasper Butcher, same Steph: Ray same Turner Oliver, same Dan Whitten same Capt Rogers has the list of his] Serjit Soldrs will give a Copy Soldiers, during the War, not l intitled to a double share Augt the 6th - Jos: Hunter's pet9 rejected Cornelius Copland Soldier We Shannon's pet0 rejected Benj Lynn, not allO Sam Moore same Henry Honaker Soldr 423 424 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Christo: Horn, not ale P. Honaker - d9 Richd Sennett same Handley Vance d Noah Craize Soldr Geo: Campbell, not ae [The comma direct Certificates Sam Pickens Soldr to Issue. in the following John Peartree d0 mode To wit: To a Brig: Gen' 7500 to a I) Col9 4500, to a Majr 40oo, To a Capt 3000, to a Subaltern 2000, to a Serjeant 200 to a Private ioo Acres of Land which on a calculation is supposed to leave 19500 Acres as a residium subject to be granted to future Claimants that shall appear intitled to have laboured under legal disability to have brot in their Claims, to the further directions of the Commrg; in case of a future division among the Claimants, the Lands are to be apportioned according to the preceding Regulation: The Agent is ordered to make out Certificates c, to be Signed by the Chairman, delivered to the Surveyor; who is to adver- tise distribute them among those intitled, taking a rect therefor receiving a Dollar Pr hundred Acres. Augt 7th- The Surveyor is directed to deliver the CertO of Claims to the Persons intitled, but if a purchaser produces an Assignment or obligation for the conveyance he is directed to deliver the Cert. to such purchaser taking his rect therefor. Ordered that John Campbell, Geo. R. Clark John Bailey or any two with the Surveyor, fix on the most convenient place in the Grant for the Town, lay off the iooo Acres apportioned for that purpose, also draw up and report a Plan for the Town. Leave is given Geni Clark to erect the Mill he is now Build- ing on a Branch above the Lots already laid off in Clarksville, if compleated of public utility, the right of the Soil to so much Land shall be deemed sufficient for the Works shall be confirmed to him. The i2 Lots already occupied shall be confirmed to the Claim- ants upon their Building Houses, actually residing themselves on the Lots for 12 Months or settleing others thereon complying with the directions of the Act for saving the Lots in Clarksville agreeable to a promise of a Majority of the Commrs heretofore made. And COMMISSIONER ELECTED, 1784 12 other Lots to be laid off adjoining Back of those already laid off shall be appropriated in the same manner; provided they are Settled in 2 Months from this date. On reconsidering Martin Carneys Claim, it is the opinion of the Board that he is intitled to a Lieutenant's Quota in the Illi- nois Grant. Pat: Kennedy's Pete rejected. Adjd to the first monday in October Next. Signed by order of the Board. WALKER DANIEL Ch :man. LOUISVILLE Augt 7th 1784. A Copy, but not examined Test W: DANIEL LoUISVILLE Augt i6th 1784. At a meeting of the CommrS in conse- quence of the death of Mr Walker Daniel Gent, present John Camp- bell, Geo R. Clark, John Montgomery, John Bailey, Abraham Chap- line William Clark Gent Comm rA Ordered, that whereas the original Proceedings of the Board being lost when Mr W Daniel was killed, the foregoing Copy be ratified confirmed; but if the originals should be obtain'd then they are tc be in force. Ordered that Gen! Clark make out sign Certificates deliver them to the surveyor, who is to distribute them according to the former resolution. The Board proceeded to the Election of an other Commis- sioner in the room of AIr Walker Daniel; When William Croghan Gent was elected. Resolved that Gen! Clark take into his care the proceedings and other Papers belonging to the Commissioners, them safely keep, for the use of the Parties concerned. Adjd 'till the first Monday in Octr next unless the Chr:man shall find it necessary to call a meeting sooner. Signed JOHN CAMPBELL Ch :man At a meeting of a Board of Commrr for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment c. at Louisville, July 6th, 1785. Present, John Edwards John Campbell, Abraham Chapline; John Bailey Robert Todd and William Clark Commrs 425 426 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Capt Rogers produced a list of his Company, which had be- fore been allowed their Claims by a Board that sat in August last but their names had been lost or misslaid; which said Claims are Confirmed by the present Board; to wit, William Meriwether Serjt Thor Key d9 George Key, George Snow, David Pagan, Henry Blankenship, Dominique Welch, Gasper Gayler, Robert Barnet, Frank Spelman, James Spelman, Travis Booton, William Booton, William Leare, William Kendall, William Frogget, William Givin, William Good- win, John Campbell, Charles Martin, Barney Higgans, Frederick Doherty, Nathaniel Mershon, David McDonald, James Hammit, John Jones, John Murphy Michael Glass, Michael Oharow, Rice Curtis, George Smith, Soldiers. On motion made in behalf of Thomas Hays, the Board think him intitled to a Soldiers part of Land in the Illinois Grant, also Francis Hardin; also Patrick Marr; also Charles Morgan as a Serjeant; also John Setzer Michael Setzer as Soldiers Adjd till tomorrow morning.- (Signed) JOHN EDWARDS ChP July 17th, 1785. The Board met according to adjournment, Members the same as yestarday. The Board entered into the following resolution, That a ma- jority of the Surviving Commissioners mentioned in the Act, should, at any time compose a Board do Business. On motion made in behalf of Michael Miles, are of opinion that he is intitled to a Serjeants Quota of Land in the Illinois Grant. On motion made the Board came to the following resolution - That the Lots be drawn in the name of the Assignee, as far as they can be known and made appear; but where doubt arises they may be classed according to the request of those who claim by Assignment, and drawn in the name of the original proprietor. On motion made in behalf of the Heirs of Majr William Lynn Decd who marched to the Illinois under Col9 Geo. R. Clark, and acted as a Major at the Reduction of the Posts therein, Resolved that the Heirs of the sol William Lynn Decd be intitled to receive a LAND CLAIMS ALLOWED, 1785 lMajor's Quota of Land in the Illinois Grant. AdjO 'till tommorrow morning (Signed) JOHN- EDWARDS Cho July 8th I785. The Board met according to adjournment, Members the same as yestarday. On motion made the Board came to the following resolution, That they have no power to decide in any matter of controversy between Claimants, claiming as Heirs at Law. Resolved, this Board have a right to judge determine to whom they shall Grant a Deed, when two or more Persons Claim the same by assignment or conveyance - from the original proprietor. Resolved that this Board will not proceed in such Judgment determination in the absence of the Parties, unless it is proved, to them, they have been summoned do not appear. Resolved that when any dispute between Claimants shoud lie before the Board, unfit for Issue for want of Necessary Vouchers; That the preference in classing the said disputed claim should be Determined by lot Resolved that Tho4 Walker be allowed a Soldiers Claim in the Illinois Grant. Resolved that the Commissioner's Certificates now produced to the Board by Assignees be returned to them, but first marked in whose name they were classed; and in case the Assignment, or Assignments are on the back of the Certificates, then to be retained by the Board, and another given to the last Assignee, Expressing therein the original owner, and every Assignee named, and quantity of Land. Adjourned 'till tomorrow. (Signed) JOHN EDWARDS, ChP July 9th. 1785. The Board met according to Adjournment, Members present the same as yestarday. A Memorial of John Rogers Capt of Cavalry, representing a grant made to Walker Daniel by a former Board as a Major to the Illinois Regiment, to which he objects, affirms, he the said 427 428 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Daniel had no right or pretentions having never served in that Regi- ment. Resolved the consideration of the said memorial be postponed till the next meeting of this Board that a Summon issue citing Robt Daniel, Heir at Law, to the said Walker to appear at that time. Resolved that the Plat of the 149000 Acres of Land granted to the Illinois Regiment be proved by the Oath of Mr William Clark the Surveyor, and that it be transmitted to the Registers Office in Richmond by Cole Richd C. Anderson. A draught of a petition to the Assembly from this Board agreed upon and ordered to be signed by the Chairman. Adjourned 'till the first Wednesday in August. - (Signed) JOHN EDWARDS Chn At a meeting of the Board of Commrs for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment at Louisville the 9th Decr 1785. Present, G. R. Clark Ab: Chapline, Robert Todd, John Bailey William Clark Commrs Resolved that the further consideration of Capt Rogers's me- morial respecting the Claim of Walker Daniel Decd be postponed 'till the next siting of this Board - and that the Board now proceed to draw the Lottery for all claims that appear reasonable and are allowed. Adjd till tomorrow morning. Decr ioth 1785 The Board met according to adjournment. Members same as yestarday. A number of Assignments and Conveyances being produced, the Board proceeded to class them in the name of the Assignees; and direct that title papers be kept with the Board. Adjd 'till monday next. Decr the 12th. The Board met according to adjournment; Members same as yestarday. The Surveyor produced a general plat of the Surveys con- tained in the Illinois Grant which was approved of by the Commis- sioners. Capt Abraham Hite MUr E. Rogers at the request of the CLARKSVILLE SURVEY, 1785 Board attended and drew the Classes Numbers; and Messrv Walter Davies WQm Croghan acted as Clerks in taking down the names of the respective Claimants Numbers they drew. Resolved that the Surveyor be directed to Issue plats Cer- tificates of Surveys to the different Claimants on their paying the fees Expence due thereon; as also the Dollar pr hundred Acres directed to be paid by Law, to be appropriated towards defraying the Expence of adjusting the Claims, Surveying, apportioning the Grant c. Adjd till the first wednesday in march next. (Signed) G. R. CLARK LoUISVILLE 13th Decr 1785. At a meeting of the Trustees for the Town of Clarksville, present Gen! Clark, Capt Chapline, Capt Bailey, Capt Todd WO Clark Resolved that the Surveyor be directed to lay off forty Lots in the Town of Clarksville above Mill-Creek adjacent to those already laid off below, to be sold the first wednesday in march next, and that they be advertised in the Adjacent Counties as directed by Law. Resolved that all the Lots now occupied be confirmed to the Claimants, on their complying with the terms proposed by the Trus- tees to those who took possession of settled on the first Lots. Resolved that the Lots to be laid off be sold for Cash, that Wm Clark G. R. Clark, Capt Chapline, or any two of them be appointed to superintend the Sales, and that the money arising from such sales be lodged in the Hands of Wm Clark who shall be liable for the same when called for by the Board. The Board proceeded to the Election of Trustees in the room of Walker Daniel DecO John Montgomery removed -When William Croghan and Richard Terrell Gent were elected Adjd 'till the first wednesday in march next. (Signed) G. R. CLARK At a meeting of the Trustees for the Town of Clarksville, on tuesday the 9th of May 1786. Present George R. Clark, Ab. Chap- line, William Clark, Wm Croghan Richard Terrell Gent 429 430 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Resolved that a further sale of Lots in the Town of Clarks- ville be held in the said Town, the first tuesday in August next for Cash; and that the Sale be immediately advertised in the Adjacent Counties by the Chairman. Adjourned 'till the first tuesday in August next. (Signed) G. R. CLARK At a meeting of the Commrs for apportioning the Lands grant- ed to the Illinois Regiment c. at Louisville the 5th day of Septem- ber 1787. Present John Campbell, George Rogers Clark, Richard Taylor, Alexander Breckenridge, Wm Croghan, Andrew Heth William Clark Gent Commr Resolved that two meetings of the Board be held at this place, for the purpose of receiving determineing on such claims as have not yet been given in; agreable to the directions of an Act of last Session of Assembly: The first of said meetings to be the second Monday in Octr next the other the 3It day of december follow- ing, being the last day fixt by Law for receiving claims; that a Copy of this resolution be advertised in the Kentucky Gazette for three weeks successively. Adjd 'till the 2d Monday in Octr next. (Signed) JOHN CAMPBELL, Chairm4 Monday 8th of October 1787. The following members of the Commro met according to adjournment, Vizt Geo. R. Clark, W- Clark, Wi Croghan, and Adjourned till tomorrow morning. (Signed) G. R. CLARK. LOUISVILLE 9th Octr 1787. The following members of the Commrx met according to adjournment: Vizt John Campbell, Wm Clark, Richd Taylor W'P Croghan and Adjourned 'till tomorow 12 OClock (signed) JOHN CAMPBELL Wednesday Octr ioth, The Board met according to adjourn- ment. present John Campbell, George R. Clark, Richard Taylor, James F. Moore, Alexander Breckenridge, William Croghan, Robert Breckenridge, Wm Clark Gent Commr Resolved that the Officer Soldiers who were left at the Falls, by order of Col9 Clark when the detachment were going against the Illinois, be allow'd Quotas of Land in the Grant. LAND CLJIMS ALLOWED, 1788 James Sherlock's claim disallow'd. Alexander MeIntire allow'd as a private. Isaac Ruddell allowed as a Captain. William Foster Samuel Finley allow'd as privates; also James Patten, Richard Chenoweth Neal Doherty Isaac McBride. Adjourned 'till the 31"' of December next (Signed) JOHN CAMPBELL. At a meeting of the Board of Commrr for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment c at Louisville the 3Ist of Decr 1787. Present Geo. R. Clark, Ab: Chapline, Rich4 Taylor, Wm Croghan, Richd Terrell, Alexr Breckenridge Wil Clark Gent Commro Resolved that Florence iMlahonv Eben. Bowen, privt John Brand Serj', Angus Cameron private, (absent R. Taylor, present J. F. Moore) Wm Guthrie d also Samuel Harris jr John Peters be allowed Quotas of Land. Present John Campbell Gent Sam. Harris Senr all4 as a priv. Resolved that such claims as may be offered to any of the members of the Board this evening be received, and determined on at a future meeting. AdjO 'till 9 oClock tomorrow. (Signed) JOHN CAMPBELL Jany iSt I788. The Board met according to Adjournment. Present Geo. R. Clark, Ab. Chapline, Alexr Breckenridge, Richd Terrell, Wm Croghan, Rich! Taylor W- Clark. The following claims given in yesterday were taken up and determined on as follows. George MPManess, John MWManess jr John I;MManess Senr allow'd as privates also James Jarrald, Sam. Stephenson, John Mahue Harris, W- Cofer, W- Asher, Richard Cox, privates, John Walker Serjt (absent A. Breckenridge, present J. F. Moore Gent) Thomas Simpson allow'd as a Soldier.-also John Elms Robert Davie as Soldiers - William Shannon Not allowed. Resolved unanimously, that all claims heretofore adjusted and allowed by a former Board, be confirmed as they stand drawn in the Lottery; except the Claim of Walker Daniel which is rejected, and the claim of Martin Carney, which is to be reconsidered. Adj4 'till tomorrow 9 oClock (Signed) G. R. CLARK 431 432 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Wednesday 2 Jany The following members met: Vizt Geo: R. Clark, Ab. Chapline, RichO Terrell, Wm Croghan, Wm Clark Commml and Adjourned 'till tomorrow 9 oClock. (Signed) G. R. CLARK. Friday 4th JanY At a meeting of the Board of Commrv at Louisville - present; JnQ Campbell, G. R. Clark, Ab: Chapline, Richd Terrell, Alexr Breckenridge AndW Heth, Wm Croghan Wm Clark Gent Commrs The Board proceeded to reconsider the Claim of Martin Carney, determined that the said claim be confirmed (absent John Campbell) The Board then proceeded, drew the Lottery for such claims as have been lately allowed, were not in the Lottery drawn by a former Board. Resolved, whereas there appears to be a residium of io,9oo Acres of Lands, that a future division take place, the so residium be apportioned agreable to the former regulation of the Board. Resolved that the Dollar pr ioo Acres paid for Certificates, be appropriated, towards defraying the Expence of the original Sur- vey, provisions, paying Chain Carriers Choppers Hunters c c, the balance, if any, applied as part of the Surveyors fee. Resolved that three meetings of the Board be held at this place for the purpose of Executing Deeds: the first meeting to be the 20th of FebY next, the second, the first tuesday in April; the third meeting, the 17th of July. And that public notice be given of those meetings, in order that the Claimants may take out their plats, apply for Deeds. Adjourned 'till the 20th of Feby next (Signed) G. R. CLARK At a meeting of the Board of Trustees for the Town of Clarksville, at Louisville the 5th of Jany I788 present Geo R. Clark Ab: Chapline, Richard Terrell, Wm Croghan Wm Clark. Resolved that a number of Lots in Clarksville, be sold at public Auction, at this place on the first tuesday in March next, being Jefferson Court Day; that the time place of sale be adver- tised at the Court Houses of the adjacent Counties. Adjourned (Signed) G. R. CLARK DEEDS EXECUTED, 1788 433 At a meeting of the Commr, for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment, at Louisville the 20th of Feb' 1788: Present G. R. Clark, JaB F. Moore, Richard Taylor, Wm Croghan, Alexander Breckenridge, Andw Heth Wm Clark Gent Commrs Resolved, whereas satisfactory proof is made to this Board, of Jacob Bowman's being Heir at Law to Joseph Bowman Decd that Deeds for the Lands allow'd said Joseph, be Issued in the name of said Jacob. Resolved that Claimants of choices of Lots in the Illinois Grant, be notified by advertisement, to apply make their respective choices in rotation, on or before the 17th of July next: in case of failure the Commrn will proceed to ballot for them, in order that the Subsequent choices may be made by such as are intitled apply. Adjd (Signed) G. R. CLARK' At a meeting of the Commrs for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment c at Louisville 4th April 1788 - present Wm Clark, Alexander Breckenridge Robt Breckenridge, Richd Taylor, Wm Croghan, James F. Moore, Richd Terrell Gentlemen Commissra Adjourned untill Tuesday next 9 oClock NV. CLARK ChP LoUISVILLE, Tuesday the 8th April I788 The Board of Com- missrs met according to adjournment, present Geo. R. Clark WVil- liam Clark Richd Taylor Alexander Breckenridge Robt Breckenridge, William Croghan Richard Terrell, Gentlemen Resolved that William Clark be appointed to receive the money payable to the Registers of the Land Office, as may arrise from the Execution of Deeds. The following Deeds were present to the Board and Exe- cuted, Vizt To John Mayland, Adam Hoops, and Abner Martin Dunn Ng 27. 132. 151. 217. 2i8. I05. 253. 265. 287. 284. 29I. 5:)0 Acres each-- To Adam Hoops N 242. To Isaac Bowman his four Surveys of 500 acres NQ I. I58. 2I3. 289. 1 The minutes from this point are in the handwriting of Colonel William Croghan, instead of Lieutenant William Clark. 434 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Resolved whereas sufficient proof is produced to the Board that William Croghan hath purchased the several Claims in 500 acres N four. the Surveyor be therefore directed to make out a platt of said Tract in Croghans name. Ajd till tomorrow 3 oClock G. R. CLARK Wednesday the 9th April 1788. the Board, met according to adjournment. present same as yesterday. The Board proceeded to apportion by lottery, a Number of Claims in the residuum of Lands and then ajourned, till Friday the I8gth Inst G. R. CLARK Friday I8th April 1788 The Board met according to appoint- ment: Members same as before also James Francis Moore Gent'l The Board proceeded drew the Lottery for the balance of the Residuum of Lands. Resolved, whereas James F. Moore, hath produced to the Board, a sufficient Assignment from David Glenn for his Claim in 500 Acres NQ 20 the balance being already vested in the said Moore; that the Surveyor be directed to make out the platt in Moore's name. The following Deeds were presented and Executed by the Board. Vizt To William Croghan - N 4 N I 13. 500 acres each, To William Vanlear Assee of Montgomery NQ 167. 202. 239. 270 283 500 acres each. Ajd till the 1 7th of July next G. R. CLARK At a Meeting of the Trustees for the Town of Clarksville at Louisville the 5th of June 1788. Present, John Campbell, Geo: R. Clark: William Clark, Richard Terrell, William Croghan Gentle On motion made by Mr Terrell to appoint a Trustee in the room of Col9 Robert Todd, who had authorised him to inform the Board he could not attend and requested another to be appointed in his stead. Resolved that Mr Andrew Heth be appointed a Trustee for the Town of Clarks Ville in the room of ColQ Robt Todd. SALE OF TRACTS, 1788 Resolved that the Clerks directed to write to ColQ Flemming Co19 Edwards. Mr John Bayley AbrTP Chapline, requesting them to inform the Board wheather they can attend the business or not as Trustees for the Town of Clarks Ville if not, to signify their Resignation in order that others may be appointed in their stead - Resolved that the Lots laid out above the mouth of Mill Creek in the Town of Clarks Ville, be sold in said Town agreeable to Law. for Cash on Saturday the 9th of August next: that the same be advertised at the Ct. Houses of the Adjacent Counties. And that Wiltram, Wm Clark. Richd Terrell, and Andrew Heth or any two of them Superintend the Sails in case the Board should not meet at that time. Resolved that Mr William Clark be appointed Clerk to the Board of Trustees; that he be directed to provide Book and transcribe therein the proceedings of the Board which have hitherto been kept on detached papers and that the proceedings so transcribed, be Examined by the Board at their next Setting. AdjO till monday next JOHN CAMPBELL At a meeting of the Commissro for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment, on thursday the I7t' July I788. present Geo. R. Clark Rich! Terrell Richl Taylor James F. Moore And: Heth, Wm Croghan Ab: Chapline Alexander Breckenridge. John Campbell Gentl4 produced to the Board a Conveyance from John Bailey in favour of Michael Hilligas and John Dunlap for five hundred Acres of land the Choice of three Tracts of that size, and claimed Number Sixteen as the Choice: the question being put it was determined that said Hilligas Dunlap are intitled to said Tract of Land and that a Deed Issued accordingly. Present Jn Campbell WP Clark The following Deeds were presented to the Board and Exe- cuted. Vizt To RichO Terrell NQ 6. To Hector M. Wright ass" James F. Moore NQ 20 Resolved that further time be allowed the different Claim- ants to apply and take out their Deeds till the first tuesday in april next. 435 ILLINOIS HISTORICJL COLLECTIONS Resolved that Richard Taylor Abraham Chapline Gente be appointed to examine the Deeds to be presented to the Board, and sign such as are found truly made out. Adjd till 9 OClock tomorrow JNO CAMPBELL Friday 8tlh July 1788. The Board met according to ad- journment. present Ab: Chapline, Will: Clark, Richd Taylor, James Francis Moore Will: Croghan, Andrew Heth Alexander Breckenridge R:Terrell. The following Deeds were presented and Executed Vize To Abm: Chapline N9 222. To William Croghan Asseq No 145 i8o in one Deed. To Richd Terrell asse9 No 9. To Terrell Elie Williams NQ 157. To Richd Terrell asse N9 115. To Terrell Elie Williams asSeep Ng 8 58. To RichO Terrell Asses N9 262. To Rich4 Terrell Elie Williams asse9 N" 221. To John Mayland Adam Hoops Abner Martin Dunn ass ee4 NQ ioi: To Jacob Bowman Heir at Law 125. 49: 237. 5. 97. To Isaac Ruddell N9 iio. 153. 34 . 1 77. 179. To William Croghan and Gab: Madison Asseeo No 267. Present Gen! Clark - To Richd Terrell Asses N0 83. 127. 252. 38. To John Shelby Heir at Law for James Shelby NQ 42. 43. 249. 95. 88. 89.-To Robt George Ng 17. 159. 137. 146. 275. To William Leas Asseq of Robt George N0 172. To William Clark NQ 96. 272. To Pat: Joyes Asse9 N9 75. io9. - Present John Campbell Gent Absent Geo. R. Clark. Adjourned till 5 OClock tomorrow morning JNg CAMPBELL Saturday I9't' July 1788. The Board met according to ad- journment. present John Campbell, Ab: Chapline, Will: Clark Richard Taylor, And: Heth, James F. Moore Alexr Breckenridge and Richd Terrell Gent The following Deeds were presented to the board and Exe- cuted Vizt To Nathl Parker Asseq N" 225 33. Rich" Jones Watters appeared before the Board and Claimed a Title to the Land allowed William Smith, which was drawn for in the name of Dan! Brodhead as asseq of Smith - on Motion the Board determined that the matter should be taken up and revised. 436 DEEDS ISSUED, 1788 Mr Mich: Campbell produced to the Board two Conveyances from John Montgomery for five hundred Acres each one in favour of said Campbell the other in the name of James Watt, and Claimed the Land accordingly - the Claim being contested by M.r Brecken- ridge on acct of his having sold three Thousand six hundred Acres of such Land as Attoy of said Montgomery: - the Papers being pro- duced - the Board determined that the Conveyance of Breckenridge take preference. John Harrison and William Sullivan applied to the Board for the third and fourth Choice Tracts of Majr Quirks Claim by Virtue of Assigments for such Choices. said Harrison chose N 2I and Sullivan N9 7o. those Choices were contested by Geo: R. Clark - the question being put - the Board determined in favour of the Claimants and order that Deeds Issue accordingly A Deed Issued to Michael Hilligas John Dunlap Asseee of John Bailey for NQ i6. The title of 500 Acres of Land being contested between Mich! Campbell and William Croghan, both haveing Assignments from CoP John Montgomery, the Board determined that Croghan's Assignmts take preference. Deed Issued to Benjamin Sebastian, Alex: S. Bullett and Elie Williams Asseeq for N9 23. 78. 277. 40. 122. 36. in one Deed. To Mich! Campbell asset of Montgomery N0 35.- Absent John Campbell Gent an order omitted to be entered yesterday is ordered to be entered here. Vizt William Croghan applying for Chaplins third Choice and no person appearing to make the second - the Board produced to Ballots therefor when N9 222. was drawn this Choice as appears ought to have been made by Joel Rease. Two Deeds Issued to William Vanlear AsseQ of Montgomery by Alexr Breckenridge his Att9 one for N9 I43. the other for N9 51. Resolved in the devision of 500 acres Survey among Serjts Soldiers ; that the plats be divided into five equal parts: and any Claimants applying to the Surveyor after the first day of November next, may ballott with him for his part and have the same laid off. - but in the case of a Claim or Claims for more than ioo Acres, the greatest Claim shall have preference of Choices in order that he may be able to obtain his proportion together in one Tract; and his Choices 437 438 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS shall be so made, and in such manner as to leave other Claims entire and undivided. Resolved that the foregoing resolution be advertised by the Surveyor immediately, in order that those concerned may attend at the proper times to fix their Claims. AdjO till the first Tuesday in Novr next. AB: CHAPLINE Tuesday 4tOR November 1788 the Board met according to adjournment, present John Campbell, Geo: R Clark, William Clark, William Croghan RichO Terrell, Andrew Heth, James F. Moore, Gent! The Board proceeded to apportion by Lot the Claims of the Serjeants Soldiers c determined in what manner the 500 Acre Tract Should be devided among them. Adjourned till to morrow 9 oClock JOHN CAMPBELL Wednesday 5tl November I788. The Board met according to adjournment, Present Geo: R Clark, William Clark Richl Ter- rell, Andw Heth, William Croghan, James F. Moor k Alexander Breckenridge Gent On motion made, the Board proceded to point out and deter- mine in what manner the 500 Acre Lots are to be devided among those who hold unequal Quantities in such Tracts: agreable to a plan produced by the Surveyor and approved by the Board. The following Deeds being presented Executed by the Board Viz' To Nathl Parker Asse9 N9 233. To Levi Todd N 29. 46. 87. 290. To William Vanlear Asse9 NQ 247. Ajourned till the first Tuesday in January next. GEO: R. CLARK. At a meeting of the Commissioners agreable to adjournment at Louisville the 7th April I789. Present John Campbell Geo R Clark, Rich4 Terrell, William Clark, William Croghan, Andrew Heth, Alexr Breckenridge Gentle Adjourned till tomorrow 8 oClock JOHN CAMPBELL April 8th I789 The Board met according to adjournment present John Campbell Geo: R. Clark William Croghan, Richl DEEDS EXECUTED, 1789 Terrell, William Clark, Andrew Heth, Alexander Breckenridge John Bailey James F. Moore Gent Resolved, whereas William Clark produced to this Board assignments for the Claims of William Orear, John Orear, Dan! Orear, Jesse Orear, that plats Certificates of said Land Issue in the name of sO Clark. That plats s for the Claims of W- Cosby. Moses Camperin NQ 52. Issue in the name of Richd Terrell, he appearing to be Assignee of Ben Pope who was Ass"' of the original Claiments, also for the Claims of Richd Lutrell Charles Jones upon the same principal. Richd Terrell Geo: R Clark each produced an assignment for the Claim of David Henry that in favour of Ter- rell being eldest to have preference: Deeds Executed in favour Wil- liam Croghan Asset for NQ 69. I5. Absent Jno Campbell Richd Terrell, Gent Mr Wm Eastin produced assignments for the several claims for NQ 170. ordered therefore that a plat Issue in the name of said assignee. A Deed Executed in favour of L. Protzman. F. Rohreur and N. Morgan Ass- of V. T. Dalton for N' 76. To William Harrod for N 9I: 99:I64: 234: 26i: 264: - To Mich1 Lac- assignee-Asse5 of Linn for NQ 12. To John Holker Assee for NQ 22. I88. I91. 197. 204. 212. 215 2I9. 226. 227. 229. 24I. 297. To Moore Rhea ass- for NO 258. 268. 274. 285. 288., To Geo. R Clark, AsseQ of J. Holker for Ng i8. to same for N9 62. 84. in his own right and to same as ASSet of Quirk for NQ 163. To Richd Terrell assee for NQ I29. 203. 206. 104. I84. I44. To James Overton Jr asswe of Lynn for NQ 93. To R. J. Waters asseq of Smith for ioo acres part of N9 2. present R. Terrell who signed the before mentioned Deeds in fvr Geo: R Clark Vizt for Ng 223 56 in his own right for ioo Acres part of Ng 28. as asse9 of Roberts Asse9 of Harris, also three others ioo acres each part of N" 30 as Assee for the Claims of Patten Doherty Chenowith. AdjO till 3 OClock GEO: R CLARK At a meeting of the Board on Thursday the 9gt April 1789. present John Campbell, William Clark, Alexanr Breckenridge, James F. Moore, William Croghan, Rich! Terrell Andw Heth Gent 439 440 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS The following Deeds, Executed by the Board Vizt John Holker Asses for N 45. 298. i8i. To Mich! Lacassagnee for N IO. for ioo Acres pt of N 13. A. To R. J. Waters Asseq for 400 acres pt of N i9. B. C. D. E. present George R Clark Deeds Executed for Wm Clark asset of John Bailey for N9 24 and as asse9 of Sundries for 400 acres pt of N9 3i. A. B. C. D. James F. Moore produced to the Board an assignment for the Claim of Mason Lunsford, ordered therefore that a plat, Certifi- cate of Survey Issue in the name of said Moore; notwithstanding any former order of the Board: Resolved that the time for takeing out Deeds be prolonged to the first day of Septembr Adjd to the 3t4 Monday in May: but in case a Board should not meet at that time, then to the 4th Of July. JOHN CAMPBELL. At a meeting of the Commissioners for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment c at Louisville the 2nd of June 1789. present Geo: R Clark. AlexT Breckenridge, James F. Moore Rich! Terrell. Richd Taylor, William Croghan William Clark Gent Deeds Executed for Jacob Bowman, Heir of Joseph Bowman decd for N I 40. I 86. 193. Mr William Croghan produced to the Board assignments for the Claims of Sam! Harris. Sam' Harris jr. John M. Harris John Sertain Page Sertain and one hundred and fifty six acres pt of James Meriweathers claim - ordered therefore that the Surveyor be directed to Issue plats Certificates for the sO Lands in the name of sO Croghan. Adj! till the 4th of July G. R. CLARK At a meeting of the Commissioners at Louisville the 7tA July 1789 present G. R. Clark Alexr Breckenridge. Richl Taylor, James F. Moore. William Croghan, RichO Terrell William Clark. Deeds executed in favr John Rogers for 1234. acres N II. 72. 234. acres pt of N 248. present AlexT Breckenridge. Deeds Issued in favT Christo: Crump for IOO acres part of NQ 54. B. and IOO acres pt of N 73. A. To Isaac Ruddel for 234 acres pt of NP I90. To Nat' Parker for 300 acres pt of N9 123, DEEDS EXECUTED, 1789 To William Croghan a Deed for 844. acres Vizt 200 acres in NQ nI6. and 300 in N 128. 344. in N io6. another Deed for 300 acres pt of N 195. C. D. E. To William Clark for 200 acres the Claim of John Brand pt of Ng I30. one other Deed for 500 acres NQ i6o. Present John Campbell Gent Deed to Richd Terrell asse9 of Harland for ioo acres pt of N0 13. also as asseQ for Lutrell ioo acres pt of 79. also for 200 acr Pt of NQ 52. the Claims of Campen Cosby, also for 200 acr pt of Ng I24 the Claim of Prichard. Deeds to John Thruston for all he Claims another Deed to John Rogers for N0 235. 282. 296. Absent John Camp- bell. Deeds to Mich! Lacassagnee assev for ioo acres pt of NQ 6o. Copelands claim -To John Holker asses for NQ 103. To B. Tar- daviu for N 152. 240 for ioo acres pt of N0 94. Isaac Farris claim. To RichO Terrell three Deeds ioo acres each Vizt A NQ 57. E Ng ii8. C. N 142. To William Beckley 200 acres pt of N i62. including his own and Zeckledges claim. Deed Issued to the Heirs of Richl McCarty for the whole of s! McCartys claim. To Abr Hite jr asset for 3I2 acres pt of N 32. To Isaac Bowman for his balance of I56 acres pt of Ng 32. a Deed Issued to Thomas Thorn- berry Asset for the Claim of Sam! Humphries for ioo at C. of 13. the assignments containing other matters of Consequence to Thorn- berry heirs permitted to retain the same in his Hands. Adj9 till 5 oClock G. R. CLARK. The Board met according to adjournment, present John Campbell, Geo: R. Clark William Clark. William Croghan Richl Terrell, Richd Taylor James F. Moore. Deed Executed in favr of William Sullivan asses for N To Geo: Wilson asseq for NP 207. To Baisel Prather asses for N0 68. I I2. I I4. Adjd till iO OClock toMorrow JOHN CAMPBELL At a Meeting of the following Members of the Board of Commisrs at Louisville the 3i0t Augt 1789. Vizt Geo: R. Clark. Alexr Breckenridge Robt Breckenridge. Richd Terrell. William Croghan, William Clark John Campbell. 441 442 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Deeds signed in favr Tardiview Brothers assee for 200 acres James Irby's claim also to B. Tardiveau for Lemons claim, 120 acres pt of NQ i96. To John Holker asSeq for 400 acres pt of N9 i8i: 400 acr pt of N9 178 200 the right of M. Miles in N0 85. one other Deed to same for N 136. i87. To John Lewis Asse for NQ 47. 257. Ioo acres Watkins claim in NQ 243. 100 Geo: Shepherd claim in NQ ii6. ioo ditto William Taylors Claim in N 142. all in one Deed. To Robert Todd for NQ 3. To Francis Spelman ioo acr D. in N 2. To Serjt John Moor for 200 acres in N:0 126. his own Claim. To Mosses Lunsford his own Claim ioo Acres. To John Swan Heirs for his four Surveys 500 acres each and one other Deed for his balance of I56 acres. To RichO Terrell Ass" for Ng 39. To Robt K. Moore assev a Deed for 312. acr p.t of N 2i6. ioo acres Orears right in N 2II: Cha: Jones's right in NQ z98: ioo acres the right of William Guthrie in N 28i. ioo acres the right of John Peters [] in N0 28i. in all 712 acres. To William Croghan 200 acres the right of Jonas Manifee, Florence Mahoney To Pat: Doran for his Claim ioo acres. To Phil Walker asse9 of John Walker Serjt for 200 Acres pt of 130 To James F. Moore, Asse of Mason Lunsford for ioo acres pt of Ng 44-To Robert George for 234 acres pt of NQ I49. To Jacob Reagar asses of Ewa Worthington for N 67. To John Rogers assee for 300 acres, Vizt the Claim of John Campbell in N 6o the Claim of Wil- liam Booton 1o0 acres in Ng 44 and the claim of John Jones ioo acres in NQ I98. and one other Deed for 200 acres Vizt, i10 acres the Claim of Fred. Doherty in Ng 220 ioo acres the right of William Gwyn in N 224. one other Deed for 300 acres Viz.t 200 Acres the right of Thomas Key in NQ 245 and ioo acres the right of Mich! Oharrow in NQ 2II. To Geo: Rogers ioo Acres the right of Dominic Welch in NQ 255. To David McDonald ioo acres in N 21i. To Travis Booton ioo acres his own right in N 85. To Adam Hoops asset for 500 acres N 12i. To Walter C. Davis 500 acres Ng 86. To John Lewis asses for 500 acres N 263. To Richd Terrell asse" for ioo acres the right of Robt Garrot in Ng 224. same for ioo acres the right of James Monroe in N0 254. one other Deed to same for ioo acres the right of James Wood in NQ 255. To John Mayland for 500 acres Ng i68. John Mayland Pat: Joyes DEEDS EXECUTED, 1789 500 acres Vizt 140 to Mayland. the balance to Joyes NV 288- To John Mayland: asse' for 500 acres N i85. To Pat: Joyes ass-: 500 acres N:0 i65. and one other Deed for 234 acres the balance of Baileys Claim, also one other Deed for 500 acres No 256. To Jacob Regar I56. acres Carneys balance in NQ 154. To John Ger- ault 5 Deeds for his whole Claim, William Harrod for his balance 234. acres. John. Shelby for his balance 234. To William Eastin ass, for 500 acres NQI7o AdjO till to morrow Io OClock JOHN CAMPBELL Tuesday the first of September 1789. The Board met pur- suant to adjournment. members same as Yesterday. The following Deeds presented to the Board and Executed. Vizt To James Davies for balance of his Claim 156 acres. To Isaac Anderson assee for 500 acres N9 192. To John Harrison assee for 500 acres N 2i. To Robert Todd for 500 acres N 55. To Geo: Shepherd ass- for ioo acres, the Claim of D. Bailey in NQ I95. To Richd Terrell Benjamin Sebastian for 400 acres pt of N io8. surveyed in the name of A. S. Bullett Vizt two thirds to Terrell, the balance to Sebastian. To RichO Terrell for ioo acres in N 13 the Claim of J. Holms. To Geo: R. Clark for ioo acres pt of N9 57. the Claim of Hugh Henry. To John Harrison asset for 35I. acres the bal. of Montgomerys Claim. To John Mayland, Adam Hoops Abnr M. Dunn. Asset a Deed for I5oo acres N i31. 250. 293: To Adam Hoops Asse" for 500 acres N i66. To Basil Prather assee: four Deeds for balance of Brashears Claim, Vizt N II I. 134. 236. 5oo acres each 234 acres pt of N 194. To Adam Hoops William McPherson Ass- Jointly 500 acres NQ 48. Adjd JOHN CAMPBELL At a Meeting of the following Members of the Board of Comm" at Louisville the 7t. December I791. Vizt James F. Moore. RichO Taylor. Alexander Breckenridge and Richd Terrell Ordered that Richard Terrell be appointed Clerk Sur- veyor to the Board in Room of William Clark deco that he take possession of the Records, Books Papers. Deeds Issued to Mich! Lacassagnee Asses of Mich! Setzer John Setzer for 200 Acres in NQ 2. bring Board Adjourned JAMES F. MOORE 443 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS At a Meeting of the Commissioners for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment at the Falls of Ohio the 6th July I79I. Present John Campbell, William Clark James F. Moore Gent Mr Joseph Calvet produced to the Board a Deed for his proportion of Land in the Illinois Grant amounting to 2156 acres Vizt 41. 5o. 6I. i6i. 156. acres part of N0 216. The Board hav- ing Examined the Deed Executed the same Adjourned JOHN CAMPBELL At a Meeting of the Commissioners for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regimt at the Falls of Ohio the 8th day of February 1792. present Alexr Breckenridge, Richd Taylor, Robt Breckenridge Richard Terrell Gew Deeds Issued to James Meriweather for N 26. 92. 150 214. for 500 acres each. also to Levi Todd one hundred and fifty six Acres part of N 27i. To Edwd Dowze asses Dan! Brodheads's asses Buckner Pitman for 2o0 acres part of N 17I. D. E. also to Thomas Wilson Land for I56. acres part of N i69. A also to John Moore for ioo acres C part of NQ I26. Adjourned ALEX BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of the Commissioners for apportioning the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment at Louisville the 6th March 1792 present John Campbell, Richd Taylor Alexr Breckenridge and RichO Terrell, Gent Deeds Issued to Sam! Oldham asset of Jacob Vanmeter for N 7 500 acres. Deeds Issued to Jacob Van- meter for N 64. I82. 232. 500 acres each amounting to 15oo acres. Deed Issued to Jacob Vanmeter for 156. acres being B part of N 155. Adjourned JOHN CAMPBELL At a meeting of a Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 3tpd day of April 1792. present G. R Clark Richd Terrell Wil- liam Croghan Gent Deed Issued to William Vanlear asse of Edw! Worthington for N 176. containing 500 acres. G. R CLARK 444 DEEDS EXECUTED, 1797 At a Meeting of the board of Commissioners at Louisville the 17th day of May 1792. - present George R. Clark. Robert Breck- enridge, Alexr Breckenridge William Croghan Gent Deeds Issued to Richard Terrell assee of Pleasant Lockhart for One hundred acres part of N 54 Peter Priest for One hun- dred acres part of Lot N I71. GEO: R CLARK At a meeting of the board of Commissioners for apportion- ing the Lands granted to the Illinois Regimt at Louisville May 23d I792. present John Campbell Alexr Breckenridge William Crog- han Gent Deeds Issued to Henry Floyed jr Assee of Henry Floid for N9 65. .107. in one Deed. and to Henry Floid for NOV 230 280 also in one Deed. JOHN CAMPBELL At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners for apportion- ing the Lands granted to the Illinois Regiment at Louisville May 28tbh 1792 present John Campbell Geo: R Clark. Alexr Brecken- ridge Richd Taylor. GentP - a Deed Issued to William Croghan assee of Henry Floyds for one hundred fifty six acres of Land part of a 500 acre Survey NQ I54 JOHN CAMPBELL At a meeting of the Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville the 7th day of March I797 present Geo. R Clark, Alexr Breckenridge, Richd Taylor, Robert Breckenridge William Croghan Gent - Deeds Issued to the Heir at Law of Abm Keller decd for the following Six Tracts of 500 acres each Vizt NS 7i. N:O I20: N I56. NQ I73. N 238. N 295., and for two hundred thirty four Acres part of a 5oo acre Survey N 148. being the Letter B GEO. R CLARK At a meeting of the Board of Commissioners for the Illinois Grant at Louisville the I2t4 day of AIay 1797. Present. RichW Taylor, Alexr Breckenridge, William Croghan Richl Terrell Gent Deed Issued to John Armstrong for ioo acres NQ 57. letter D allowed Barney Higgins and Convey'd by assignments produced 445 446 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Deed issued to Sam Applegate for Ioo acres allowed Stepen Frost part of N 73. letter B. conveyed by assignms produced RIcHD TERRELL At a meeting of the board of Commissioners for the Illinois Grant at Louisville the 4th day of July 1797. Present RichO Terrell, Rob.' Breckenridge William Croghan, James F. Moore Rich.d Terrell Gent Deed Issued to Abm Chaplin for 500 acres No i99. allowed Edwd Worthington, Conveyed by assignmts produced Deed Issued to Elizabeth Morgan Devisee of David Morgan decO for ioo acres part of N :0 220 Letter D. allowed James Elm. Conveyed by assignments Deed Issued to Thomas Malloy for too acres part of NQ 286. Letter D. allowed John MOMannassee senr conveyed by assignments produced RICHD TAYLOR At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners for the Illinois Grant at Captain Richard Terrell's office the Iet day of October 1797. present Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Richard Ter- rell Gentlemen, Deed Issued to James Ramsey for ioo acres part of N I i9. Letter D. Deed Issued to William Swan assignee of Abraham Lusader for ioo acres part of No 79. Letter A. Conveyed by assignment pro- duced. At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners for the Illinois Grant at Major William Croghans the i51' day of Novemr 1797, present Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Richard Terrell Gentlemen. Deed Issued to Tilman Camper for ioo acres Letter C part of No 52. a Deed Issued to Robert George Assignee of Abraham Chap- line for i56 Acres part of N0 276. Letter A. Conveyd by assign- ment produced. a Deed Issued to Abraham Lucas assignee of Henry Funk for ioo acres part of Ng 73. Letter D. Conveyed by assignment produced. a Deed Issued to Jesse Rowland assignee of Layton White DEEDS EXECUTED, 1798 for ioo Acres part of No 255 Letter D. Conveyed by assignment produced. a Deed Issued to John Isaacs for ioo acres part of No 123 Letter B RICHARD TAYLOR At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 5th day of December 1797. present Richard Taylor, Alexander Breckenridge, William Croghan and Richard Terrell Gentlemen,- Deed Issued to William Croghan assignee for the Follow- ing Claims to Wit of Samuel Finley ioo acres Letter D. part of N 30. John Boyles xoo acres Letter C, part of No 6o. Armstead Dudley loo Acres Letter E, part of No 6o. Van Sweringin ioo Acres Letter B. part of No i i6. George Venshioner ioo acres Letter B, part of No 119. Ebenezer Bowen ioo acres Letter A. part of N9 I28 of James Jerrald ioo Acres Letter B. part of No 128 RICHARD TAYLOR At a Meeting of the- Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 9th day of December 1797. - present James F. Moore, Richard Taylor, Alexander Breckenridge and Richard Terrell Gentlemen, Deed Issued to Richard Terrell assignee for 234 acres part of N 246 Letter A- for Ioo acres part of No 8i. Letter B: for ioo acres part of No i62 Letter B: for Ioo. acres part of No 79; Letter C: for ioo acres part of No 174. Letter A. for ioo acres part of N0 286 Letter C.- and for IoO acres part of N0 286 Letter A. - a Deed also Issued to James Guthrie assee for ioo Acres part No 2II Letter E. JAMES F. MOORE At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 2nd day of January I 798 present Alexander Breckenridge, Robert Breckenridge, William Croghan and Richard Terrell Gentlemen. Deed Issued to George Huckelberry assignee of Richard Harrison for 500 acres No 135, by assignment produced. ALEXANDER BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners at Louisville the i"' June 1798. present George R. Clark Richard Taylor, William Croghan Richard Terrell Gentlemen, 447 448 ILLINOIS HISTORiCAL COLLECTIONS Deed Issued to Adam Brenton asseP of Isaac Vanmetre for 1oo acres part of No 243. Letter C. Deed Issued to Robert Biggs assignee of Jehu Baldwin as- signee of William Montgomery heir of James for 156 acres part of No 133 Letter C. Deed Issued to the heirs of Isaac Hite assignee of Isaac Kel- lar for 200 acres part of No 245 Letter C, D. Deed Issued to Richard Terrell assignee for ioo acres part of No 59 Letter B. for 152 acres part of No I96. Letter A GEORGE R. CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 6th day of August I 798 present Alexander Breckenridge, Robert Breckenridge, Richard Taylor, Richard Terrell William Croghan Gentlemen Deed Issued to James Gordon Heron for 3 Tracts of 500 acres Each to Wit No 102. 139 i83. as assignee of Richard Harris- son. 200 acre Deed to William Croghan asses of Cox Fenwick assignee of Daniel Brodhead assignee c Letters C D A. BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at at Louis- ville the 6th Novemr 1798 present, Alexander Breckenridge, William Croghan Richard Terrell, Gent Deed Issued to Martin Adams asses of James Meriwether assignee of Rice Curtis for ioo acres part of No 6o. Letter B. A BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Major Wil- liam Croghans the 27th day of February I799. present Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Richard Terrell Gentlemen. Deed Issued to Aquilla Rogers asseQ for 200 acres part of No 23i. Letters D E, by assignment produced. Deed Issued to Daniel Covert for loo part of No 177. Letter B. by assignment produced. RICHARD TAYLOR At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 4th day of June 1799. present Alexander Breckenridge, Robert Breckenridge, William Croghan Richard Terrell, Gent DEEDS EXECUTED, 1802 Deed Issued to James Hughes assignee of Joseph Anderson for Xoo acres Letter C part of No I78 A. BRECKENRIDGE at a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 2It February i8oi. present Richard Taylor James F. Moore Richard Terrell William Croghan Gentlemen Colonel James F. Moore made oath before the board that he knew William Myers knew of no other heir he had but Catherine his sister married to Henry Thomas believed her to be his only heir, Adam Brenton also made oath before the board that he long knew WP Myers and his family, he knew not of any other heir he had except his Sister Catherine Wife of Henry Thomas and believed her to be his only heir. Deed Issued to Adam Brenton for xoo Acres Letter C, No 220, and also for Ioo acres Letter C No 17i. by assignment. Deed Issued to Francis McGuire for ioo acres Letter B, No 17i. by assignment. Deed Issued to Isiah Lacy for ioo acres Letter D. No I74. by assignment. RICHARD TAYLOR. At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Jacob Owens on Bear Grass the 23rd. day of February i8oi. present Richard Terrell [sic] James F. Moore Richard Terrell, Gent-, Deed Issued to Jacob Crump assignee of Peter alias Frederick Honaker for ioo acres of Land part of No 57. known by the Letter E. RICHARD TAYLOR. At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Major Wil- liam Croghans on Beargrass the 7th day of January i802, present Richard Taylor, William Croghan Richard Terrell Gentlemen. a Deed Issued to Christopher McCullough assej of Patrick Joyes assignee of John Williams for 200 acres of Land part of N 124. B E. RICHARD TAYLOR At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners at Louisville the 24q of August I802, present Richard Taylor, Robert Brecken- ridge, William Croghan Richard Terrell Gento 449 450 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Deed Issued to Adam Steel for ioo acres part of No 273 Letter B, assignee of Thomas Gaskins Deed to Jacob Keykendall for xoo acres part of No i i6. Letter E. assignee of Quenten Swordin heir of Jonathan Swordin. RICHARD TAYLOR At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners at Richard Ter- rells the 12th of August 1802. present Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Richard Terrell GentV On the application of John Thornton and producing proof that he is heir at Law to Joseph Thornton a Deed Issued to him for Ioo acres part of No 2. Letter C. the Original plat being lost or Mislaid by Michael Lacassagne to whom it was delivered. RICHARD TAYLOR At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners for the Illinois Grant at the House of Major John Harrison in Louisville on Thurs- day the 28th day of October i802. present George R. Clark, Richard Taylor and William Croghan. Resolved that Marston Green Clark be appointed Surveyor of the Illinois Grant in the Room of Capt Richard Terrell Deceased. Resolved that Captain William Clark be appointed Clerk of the Commissioners in the Room of Richard Terrell Deceased. Resolved that Major William Croghan be authorized to apply to and receive from the administrators of Captain Terrell De- ceased, all the papers belonging to the Board of Commissioners, and that he deliver to the Surveyor the record book of the Surveys, and the remainder of the papers to Deliver to Captain W'P Clark Clerk of the Commissioners Resolved that the Board do adjourn. G R CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant in Louisville the 22nd April i803 present George Rogers Clark, Richard Taylor and William Croghan Gentlemen. The following Deeds were Issued for Lands within the said Grant ioo acres to Philip Fulkeson Ass"' of John Cowen designated by Letter A, in N0 23I. IOo acres to Val, Stoner asse" of John Brenton asseq of John DEEDS EXECUTED, 1804 Harrison asse" of James Brooks asset of Charles Ounsley as Desig- nated by Letter D, No 2 1. ioo acres to the heirs of Richard Terrell ass" of Daniel Brodhead asse, of Edward Mathews as atty in fact for Charles Bil- derback, Designated by letter D. No 85. ioo acres to George Shake asseq of Richard Terrell assel of John Ray heir at law to William Ray as Designated by letter be B in No i i8. ioo acres to Aaron Moore heir of W'P Moore Deceased asse" of James Murry heir at law to Lawrance Murry as Designated by letter E. No 54. ioo acres to John Harrison asse" of George Lewis asse" of George Clark - Letter E, part of N0 205. i0o acres to John Harrison asse" of George Lewis assee of Simon Kenton, Letter E. part of No I98 adjourned G R CLARK, Chairn At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Major William Croghans the 20th of July 1803. - present George Rogers Clark Richard Taylor William Croghan Gentle- men, the following Deeds were Issued for Land within the said Grant, - i0o acres to Elizabeth Tally heir at law to John Tally Deceased, Designated by letter D part of N0 I42. IOO acres to John Blackburn ass"9 of David Morgan asse" attorney in fact for of Peter Coger. Designated by letter B. part of No 205. - also to so Blackburn for ioo acres as ass Jacob Coger letter B. part of No 52. adjourned G R CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville the 6th day of June i804 James F. Moore, Wil- liam Croghan and Richard Taylor, Deed Issued to Abraham Meresham heir at Law to Nathaniel lIeresham for letter C of ioo acres in the Illinois Grant in No 254.- Board adjourned JANIES F. MOORE At a meeting of the Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant the 2nd day of July i804. Robert Breckenridge, James F. Moore Richd Taylor a Deed Issued to John Bottorff asse" of John MeDonald asse" of Simpson 451 452 ILLINOIS HISTORICaL COLLECTIONS Gray who was ass-9 of Francis Godfrey, for ioO acres Letter A in No 94. in the Illinois Grant JAMES F. MOORE At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville the I 1h of October 1805. a Deed Issued to Fulton Lindsey ass- of Robert paterson who was asseo of James Gray heir at law to George Gray for zoo acres letter E. in No 224. in said Grant. Deed Issued to Hugh Espy as assignee of William Griffin who is asses of Saml Henry heir at law to John Henry Dec'd for zoo acres in the said Grant being letter B. in N9 13. adjourned RICHD TAYLOR At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on Saturday the 23rd NovT i805. George Rogers Clark, Richard Taylor and William Croghan. a Deed Issued to James Gilmore assee of Noah Craize for ioo acres of Land in the Illinois Grant Letter A. in N" 52.- - Also to John Berry assev of Solomon Walker who was assignee of Robert Davies for ioo acres of land letter E. in No 59 (59) Adjourned G R CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville on the 2o0h of March i8o6. George R. Clark William Croghan Richard Taylor. a Deed Issued to William Ruby assignee of William Ruby John Ruby Heirs at law to William Ruby Deceased for ioo acres known by letter A. in lot No i i8. also a Deed Issued to the same as heir at law to William Ruby Deceased for 200 acres letter C D. in Lot N" i i8. adjourned G R CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on the 4th of May i806. George R Clark, Richard Taylor and William Croghan a Deed Issued to John Berry assignee of John Harris who was assignee of George Gilmore for ioo acres being letter C. in Number Ninety four adjourned G R CLARK DEEDS EXECUTED, 1808 At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville on the 28th June i8o6. George R. Clark, WIP Croghan Richard Taylor a Deed Issued to W'P Brenton asses of Wm Clark for 45 acres land letter A in No 141. in Illinois Grant. - a Deed Issued to John McLoney asset for 200 acres of land letters A B. the Claim of Beverly Trent No I42.- a Deed Issued to Adam Brenton assep for ioo acres letter E. in No 79 adjourned G R CLARK At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville on the 29th Septr i8o6 Present George R. Clark. William Croghan Robert Breck- enridge Richard Taylor William Ferguson John Berry laid before the Board an assignment from James Robertson to Daniel Frazer and from said Frazer to the said Ferguson Berry, and prayed the Board to Grant them a Deed for the said Robertsons Claim in the said Grant, and Robert A. New as Agent for the Heirs Representatives of the said Robertson prayd the Board to suspend the Issuing of the Deeds for the said Claim Sugesting that Fraud had been Committed on the part of the said Berry and Ferguson in procuring and authenti- cating said assignment. It is Ordered that a further time untill the first Monday in April next be given the parties to Establish their Claim at which time the board will determine on the same. adjourned G R CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on Thursday the 30th of June i8o8. Present. - Robert Breckenridge ] William Croghan Commissro Richard Taylor J a Deed Issued to Robert Whitehill Junr for ioo acres of Land letter C. No 28. Granted to John Hughs Deceased and as- signed by James Hughs as heir at law to said John Hughes Decd to said Robert Whitehill. - 453 Signed Ro, BRICKENRIDGE 454 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on the 3rO day of August i8o8.- Present - James F. Moore William Croghan Commro Robert Breckenridge a Deed Issued to William Cornell Assignee of Joseph Phelps for ioo acres of land in the Illinois Grant Latter A. in NQ 577 [ ]. RoT BRECKINRIDGE At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at the House of John Gwathmey agreeable to publick notice, on Thursday the ixt day of Sepr i8o8. Present Richard Taylor William Croghan Corn mra Robt Breckinridge a Deed Issued to Benjamin Brewer assignee of Stith Daniel asseq of Jerry Harrison assignee of Michael Spairs who was asse9 of James Brown for 200 acres of land being letters D E. in N0 273. the Claim of the said James Brown. a Deed Issued to William Asher assignee of Bartlett Asher who is heir at law to William Asher Deceased for lo0 acres Letter C in No 59. The Commissioners having examined the papers laid before them by the representatives of Richard Terrell and those laid before them by Jacob Peck, It appears from said papers that on the Original plat of the Survey there is an assignment made by Henry Thomas assignee to Andrew Crockett to which assignment there is no date, and on the said plat of Survey is an assignment from Frederick Edwards as Agent of Andrew Crockett to Richard Terrell bearing date the 2it day of April 1798. That on the part of Jacob Peck is an assignment of the said Henry Thomas to said Jacob Peck on the Certificate of George R Clark to John Lines who, served for the Claim now in question dated the 24 h day of November 1794. The Commissioners having Considered said Claim are of Opinion that the Claim of Jacob Peck is better than that of the representatives of Richard Terrell in as much as the date of the assignment to Peck is prior to the date of that from Edwards as Agent for Crockett to Richard Terrell. It is Ordered that a Deed DEEDS EXECUTED, 1808 Issue to the said Jacob Peck for the said Claim of Henry Thomas as assignee of John Lyne which Claim is 1oo acres of Land Letter C. in No I i9. Resolved that the board adjourn untill Saturday the 29th day of October Next. At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant agreeable to adjournment at the Last Meeting - on the 29th day of Octor I8o8. Present George R. Clark ] William Croghan . Gent. Richard Taylor J a Deed Issued to John Crim assignee of William King as- signee of Henry Honaker for ioo acres of Land Letter C in N0 57. a Deed Issued to William Goodwin assignee of David Jones for loo acres Letter C in No 138. a Deed Issued to James McKinney assignee of John Lang assignee of Isaac Yates for ioo acres Letter B. in No 210. adjourned G R CLARK At a Meeting of the Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville on the 3 rd day of Decemr I8o8. present George R. Clark Robert Breckenridge, Richard Taylor James F. Moore and William Croghan, -The Board having Met on this day for the pur- pose of Determining on the Contest between the heirs of James Robertson John Berry Ferguson Philip Barbour heir rep- resentative of Philip Barbour Deceased But no person appearing on the part of said Berry Ferguson to advocate their Claim the Board think it most proper to Suspend the Investigation of said Claim untill Tuesday Morning Next for which purpose a board will be formed on said day at the Schoolhouse Near Colonel Taylors. Adjourned Signed G R CLARK At a Meeting of the Commissioners of the Illinois Grant agreeable to the adjournment of the 3rd Instant, - present George R. Clark James F. Moore, William Croghan, Richard Taylor Robert Breckenridge. The Commissioners having Examined the the papers adduced by Messr' John Berry and William Ferguson and the heirs of James Robertson Deceased, and of Philip Barbour heir at Law to Philip 455 456 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Barbour Deceased (and having Examined Aaron Prather touching the Claim of the above named Berry Ferguson) all of whom have prayed the Commissioners to Grant them Deeds for the Lands in the Illinois Grant allowed to James Robertson for military services are of opinion that it is proved by the Testimony of the said Prather that the assignment of the said Berry Ferguson from said James Robertson was Fraudulently procured as appears from the Deposi- tion of Aaron Prather, It is Ordered that Deeds Issue to the legal Heirs, Representatives Devisee or Devisees of the said James Robert- son for all the Lands in the said Grant allowed to him by the board of Commissioners. Adjourned signd G R CLARK At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant at Louisville on the iii" day of May i8o9. William Crog- han, Robt Breckenridge, Richard Taylor, James F. Moore. a Deed Issued to Lucy Sullevan Daniel Sullevan, William Sullevan Re- becca Sullevan Sophea Sullevan heirs of William Sullevan Decd as assignee of Marston G. Clark assignee of John Pulford for loo acres being letter E, in No 31. A deed Issued to Adam Brenton assignee of David Millbank [] Ann his Wife for letter E. in N0 131 [sic] of ioo acres. Adjourned RoBT BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on Friday 22nd Sepr 1809. present George R. Clark William Croghan Richard Taylor. A Deed Issued to John Cockey Owings assignee of Robert Patterson for 200 acres of Land being Letters D E, in No 177. Signed RICHD TAYLOR At a Meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on the 27t day of Novemr i809, present George R. Clark, James F. Moore William Croghan, Richard Taylor Robert Breck- enridge, Philip Barbour Junr petitioned this board to grant him a Deed for the land lying in the Illinois Grant of which James Robin- son [sic] Deceased Lieut in the Illinois Regt Died possessed and produced to the Board an authentick Copy of the Last will and SURVEY OF LOTS, 7810 457 Testament of the said James Robertson and other testmoneals to Establish his Claim and Robert A. New as attorney for Jerremel [] Turpin who intermarried with Ann Robertson Daughter of John Robertson heir at law to said James Robertson and who is assignee of Wallball Robertson, Henry Turpin, Elizabeth Turpin, Eleazer Cheatham, Michl [i] Cheatam, John Robertson, RichO Robertson, William Robertson Junr and others who Claim to be the heirs and Representatives of said James Robertson Deceasd which being considered of by the Board it is ordered that Deeds do Issue to the said Philip Barbour Junr heir at law to Philip Barbour De- ceased who was Devisee of said James Robertson for Lots No 25 of 500 Acres, No 200, of 50o acres NO 206 of 500 acres, and No 294 of 5oo acres, and for letter B, of 156 acres part of No io6, which land was Granted to said Robertson as Lieut in said Regiment, The said Deeds to be made with the following Conditions to Wit saving to the said Jeremel [ ] Turpin such title as he may be able to Establish in a Court of Equity or Law to said lands as representative aforesaid, It is also Ordered that the Order made for Granting the before mentioned Land to the Legal heir, Representative Devise or Devisees of said Robertson in the month of Decemr last be rescinded Adjourned G. R. CLARK At a meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illenois Grant on the 23 day of January i8io Present Geo R. Clark William Croghan and Richard Taylor A Deed issued to John R. Nugent assignee of Thomas Con- suls heir at law to Harman Consuls for ioo Acres being letter C. in No 205 Adjourned G. R. CLARK At a meeting of a Board of Commissioners of the Ilenois Grant on the 14 day of March i8io. Present Geo. R. Clark. RichO Taylor William Croghan Resolved that the 500 acre Survey No 74 be laid off into one hundred Acre Lots and that the said One hundred acres be each of them distinguished on the Map by letters A B C D E in the same manner as is distinguished in Lots N' 73 and that the surveyor of Clark County be requested to lay off said lots accordingly and return a platt of Survey to the next Meeting of this board. Resolved 458 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS also that on the application of any Individual to this board and pro- ducing assignments from persons owning 8 acre lotts in Sd No 74, to the amount one hundred acres the board will procede to ballet and make a deed for the Letter drawn accordingly. G. R. CLARK. At a meeting of the board of Commissioners of the Ilenois Grant at Louisville on the 17 day of May i8io. Present William Croghan Robert Breckenridge Richard Taylor. Commiss A Deed issued to James Cruther assigne of Nathaniel Gains and Ingery his Wife, formly Ingerey House Heiress of Andrew House, for ioo Acres being letter E in No 48 Adjourned W. CROGHAN At a meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Ilinois Grant on the 12 of Nov. i8io. Present Robert Breckenridge, William Croghan Richard Taylor Evan Shelby Surveyor of Clark County Indiana Territory pursuant to a former resolution of this board, has surveyed lot No 74 in the Ilinois Grant and laid the same out into five equal Lots distinguished by letters A. B. C. D. E Ordered that the same be recorded. George Huckleberry having produced assignments to this board for 20, Claims of eight Acres in said number which the board consider sufficiently authenticated the sO Huckleberry by Evan Shelby having proceeded to ballot for the same, drew the said one hundred and sixty acre out of letters C. D. Resolved that the Commissioners make a Deed of Conveyance to the sd Huckleberry his heirs or Assigns, for the sO one hundred sixty acres to include letter C the remainder of letter D Adjoing the - or that the Com- missioners will convey the whole of the sd two letters when the Sd Huckleberry shall produce assignments for the 40 Acres which shall be considered sufficiently Authenticated by the Commissioners. Ordered that the said Huckleberry be authorized to take possession of the Sd One hundred sixty acres whereon he shall proper so to do Ordered that the board do adjourn Ro, BRECKENRIDGE At a meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Ilinois Grant on the 22 day of January i8ii Present, Robert Brecken- DEEDS EXECUTED, 1815 ridge, Will. Croghan Rd Taylor George Huckleberry Junr having produced to the Board 5 other assignments for 8 acre lots in lot No 74. a Deed Issued to the said George Huckleberry for 200, acres of land being letters C D. in said No 74. heretofore drawn by said Huckleberry and being each of the residuary Claims of Van Sweringin, Florence Mahoney John Tally, Peter Priest, Jacob Spears, Nathaniel Marshon, William Whitley, James Whitecotton, Eleazer Osbon, William Ray, George Vensconer, Michael John Sitzer, John Page Sartain, Charles Ousley, Isaac Vanmeter, Josiah Philps, Isaac Yates, Henry Vance, John Paul, William Thompson, Barney Waters, George Shepherd and Samuel Watkins Adjourned Ro. BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on the xt day of February i813. present George R. Clark, RichO Taylor William Croghan, - a Deed Issued to Isaac .!IcBride for ioo Acres letter D. in No 28i. Adjourned RIcHD TAYLOR At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on the 4th day of August i8I3. present Robert Breckenridge, Richd Taylor and William Croghan. Ordered that a Deed Issue to William Wilson assignee of James Biggs assignee of Hanley Vance for ioo acres in the Illinois Grant letter D. in No 243. Ordered that a Deed Issue to James Biggs assignee of Fulton Lindsey assignee of the heirs of Arthur Lindsey for ioo acres letter D in No 79. Adjourned Ro BRECKENRIDGE At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant the 9th day of August I815. Present Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Robert Breckenridge. a Deed Issued to Robert Cornell assignee of Thomas Key assignee of Gasper Gaylor for ioo acres letter D No 224. Ordered that a Deed Issued to William Goodwin assignee of John Jackson assignee of Mary Jane Vaughan assignee of 459 460 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Garrard Enoch Nelson by power of Attorney (or letter to James Patten) for two undivided third parts of too acre tract Letter E. No 85. a Deed Issued to Philip Daily assignee of Original Young assignee of Aaron Moore assignee of Christopher Greenup asset of Elisha Freeman heir at law to William Freeman for ioo Acres letter E No 73. Adjourned RiCHQ TAYLOR At a Meeting of a board of Commissioners of the Illinois Grant on the 2 n day of Sepr I815. present Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Robert Breck- enridge. a Deed Issued to Abram appler asse; of Wm Caunifax, asseQ of Richd Cox for ioo acres of land in the Illinois Grant part of a tract of 5oo. acres No 59. Letter D, which Deed bears date August the 14th last RICHD TAYLOR On the 14t" of December i8t6. William Croghan Richard Taylor and Robert Breckenridge Commissioners of the Illinois Grant, made a Deed to Aaron Prather assignee of Edmund Fear, for woo acres of Land in the Illinois Grant Letter C. part of the 5oo acre Survey NQ 73. W CROGHAN On the 20t" of December i8i6, William Croghan Richard Taylor Robert Breckenridge Commissioners of the Illinois Grant made a Deed to Absalom Parker assignee of Thomas Allen who was assignee of William Hack for Ioo acres of Land in the Illinois Grant Letter E. part of the 5oo acre Survey No 174.1 W. CROGHAN On the i9th of February, i8i8, Mr. John Sullivan, guard- ian of the heir of William Sullivan, deceased, produced to the com- missioners of the Illinois Grant, viz.: Robert Breckenridge, William Croghan and Richard Taylor, an assignment from Samuel Stephen- son, formerly a soldier in the Illinois regiment, to the said William Sullivan for the land which he is entitled to for his services in the 'The Draper MS. ends at this point. The entries from February 19, x8i8 to April 3, 1847 are taken from English, Conquest of the Northwest, 2:1 iz2-i Ix6. DEEDS EXECUTED, 1820 said regiment, upon which assignment the said commissioners granted a deed for ioo acres of land lying in the said grant lettered E, No. 286, to Daniel P. Sullivan, William, Sophia and Rebecca, heirs of the said Wm. Sullivan, deceased. W. CROGHAN. At a meeting of a board of the commissioners of the Illinois Grant, on the 3d day of June, i8i9, present, William Croghan, Richard Taylor, Robert Breckenridge, Gent. A deed from the said commissioners to Thomas Joyes, for I56 acres of land in the Grant, assignee of the heirs and devisees of Valentine T. Dalton, which is known in the plan of said grant by the number, I55, letter C. A deed from the commissioners to James Ross, assignee of James Scott, who was assignee of James January, the original claim- ants for ioo acres of land in the Illinois Grant, part of No. i98, letter C, granted the 7th day of July, i8i9, by Richard Taylor, William Croghan and Robert Breckenridge, Esquires. November 25, i8i9. A deed from Richard Taylor, Robert Breckenridge and William Croghan, commissioners, etc., to Aaron Moore, assignee of Jacob Miller, heir at law of Abraham Miller, deceased, for ioo acres of land in the Illinois Grant, part of No. 54, letter C; also a deed to the said Moore for ioo acres as assignee of William Lear, part of No. 54, letter A. March 21, 1820. The commissioners of the Illinois Grant (to wit, William Croghan, Richard Taylor and Robert Brecken- ridge, Gents.), on the application of Thomas Joyes, who produced satisfactory papers in evidence of his right, granted a deed for two tracts of land of 500 acres each, and distinguished on the map of said grant by their numbers, i68 and i85, to the said Joyes as-the grantee of Robert Walsh and Anna Maria Walsh, his wife, the sole heir of Jasper Moyland, deceased, and Samuel Fox and Maria Fox, his wife, and William Lansdale and Elizabeth Lansdale, his wife; the said Maria Fox and Elizabeth Lansdale being the only heirs of Stephen Moyland, deceased, and the said Jasper and Stephen Moyland being the only heirs of John Moyland, deceased, to whom a deed had been executed by a former board of commissioners for the said two tracts of 500 acres of land each, as assignee of General G. R. Clark, which deed is represented to be lost or mislaid, and therefore the said heirs 46 i 462 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS and legal representatives of the said John Moyland have conveyed the said land to said Thomas Joyes, and by their attorney, Robert Wickliffe, have authorized and requested the renewal of the deed accordingly. ROBERT BRECKENRIDGE. LOUISVILLE, June I, I820. The undersigned, one of the commissioners for settling the claims to lands in the Illinois Grant and granting deeds for the same, having examined the following residuary soldiers' claims and the assignments thereof to George Huckleberry, which are found to be correct, viz.: Daniel Williams, James Ramsey, Jesse Piner, Isaac McBride, G. E. Nelson, Ebenezer Severns, Jonathan Sworden Will Ruby, Robert Witt, Francis Spilman, Henry Prather, John Mc- Manness, Sen., for eight acres each, and John Thompson, heir at law to Joseph Thornton, deceased, for eight acres, four acres of which are appropriated to make the quantity of ioo acres; and the said George Huckleberry, by Evan Shelby, proceeded to ballot for one of the unappropriated lots of the survey for 500 acres, which is dis- tinguished in the map of said grant by its number, 74. When he drew the lot, letter E, for which a deed may issue upon his procur- ing an additional claim regularly assigned, for so much as will com- plete the ioo acres, and in the meantime the said Huckleberry may enter upon and take possession of the same. March -, I821, the said Huckleberry produced the above claim of John Thornton, heir, etc. Deed issued accordingly. ROBERT BRECKENRIDGE. Deed signed by R. Breckenridge in favor of William Good- win for one-third of letter E, No. 85, and delivered to Evan Shelby for the signatures of the other commissioners, William Croghan and Richard Taylor, Esquires. Also, a deed in favor of William Morgan, assignee of R. Witt, for ioo acres, letter B, part of No. 243, and a deed to Reece Williams, heir at law of Daniel Williams, for 1oo acres, letter E, part of No. 243, which deeds were signed by R. Breckenridge and delivered by him to Evan Shelby to obtain the signatures of the other commissioners, William Croghan and Richard Taylor, Esquires. At a meeting of the board of commissioners of the Illinois Grant, at Charlestown, on the 20th day of August, i825, for the DEEDS EXECUTED, 1825 purpose of creating deeds, etc., present, Joseph Bartholomew, James Beggs, Andrew P. Hay, Benjamin Ferguson and Stephen Hutchings, Gent. Joseph Bartholomew was appointed chairman of the board and John Douthatt the clerk of the same. Ordered that the board of commissioners adjourn until the 15th day of October. JOSEPH BARTHOLOMEW, Chairman. At a meeting of the commissioners of the Illinois Grant, according to adjournment, in Charlestown, on the 15th day of Oc- tober, 1825, present, Joseph Bartholomew, James Beggs, Benjamin Ferguson, Orlando Raymond and Stephen Hutchings, Gent. An- drew P. Hay present. Ordered, that a deed issue to Henry Renacking, assignee of Shadrach G. Moore, assignee of William Coll, assignee of Ben- jamin Brown, assignee of Alexander McIntire, for Ioo acres of land in No. 130, letter C. Ordered, that deed issue to Joseph Coombs, assignee of Isaac Greathouse, assignee of H. Greathouse and Isaac Greathouse, heir at law of William Greathouse, deceased, ioo acres of land in No. 224 and letter B. Ordered that deed issue to Shem Hostedler, assignee of Dan- iel Bower, assignee of Elizabeth Alexander, heir at law of James Alexander, deceased, assignee of Andrew Spear, assignee of Isaac Sampson, assignee of Thomas Short, who was assignee of Robert Barnett for ioo acres of land in No. i62 and letter C. Ordered, that the clerk of this board receive two dollars for each deed which is executed by the board of commissioners of the Illinois Grant. Ordered, that deed issue to James Curry, assignee of Jacob Teeple, assignee of James Drake, assignee of Robert A. New, as- signee of James Ferguson, assignee of Evan Shelby, assignee of Jacob Spear, for ioo acres of land in No. 174 and letter B. The board adjourned. JOSEPH BARTHOLOMEW. At a meeting of the board of commissioners of the Illinois regiment, according to adjournment, in Charlestown, the 27th day of November, A. D. i846, present, Andrew P. Hay, Alexander Mars, Samuel McCampbell, David W. Dailey and Christopher 463 464 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Cole, Gent., the board unanimously appointed Andrew P. Hay president of the board of commissioners, and also unanimously ap- pointed Joseph Bower clerk of said board, in place of John Douthitt, Esq., former clerk, who has heretofore resigned his said office as clerk aforesaid. The board proceeded to investigate the claims of the heirs of John Hacker, and the heirs of Christopher Hatten. After due consideration, was continued until the next meeting of the board on the ist Monday in December next, I846, to which time the board adjourned. ANDREW P. HAY, Pres. B. On the 7th day of December, I846, the following gentlemen, commissioners, met pursuant to adjournment, to wit: A. P. Hay, president, John D. Shryer, Samuel McCanxpbell, and not being a majority sufficient to act, the board adjourned until convened at some future day. Then on the 3d day of April, 1847, the board met pursuant to adjournment. Present, Hon. A. P. Hay, president, Samuel Mc- Campbell, David W. Dailey, Alexander Mars and Christopher Cole. Ordered that a deed issue to George A. Hatten and Ann E. Hatten, sole heirs at law of Christopher Hatten, for ioo acres of land in No. 28, letter A, of the Illinois Grant. The board adjourned until convened at some future day. Examined. ANDREW P. HAY, P. B. C. APPENDIX ACCOUNTS INVOLVED IN THE SETTLEMENT OF VIRGINIA'S CLAIMS AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, MAY 15, I788 [Department of State, Washington, Bureau of Indexes and Archives.] To His Excellency Cyrus Griffin esquire President of Con- gress; and his Excellency Edmund Randolph esquire Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia Whearas The Commonwealth of Virginia by her Delegates in Congress Assembled, did, on the first day of March in the year of our lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty four, cede to the United States all that tract of country lying on the Northwest side of the River Ohio, on certain terms and conditions, as by the deed of Cession now in the Archives of Congress, and an exemplifi- cation of the same, in the Archives of the Commonwealth of Vir- ginia will more fully appear-One clause of which, contains the words following.-Videlicet "That the necessary and reasonable expences incurred by this State in subduing any British posts or in maintaining forts or garrisons within and for the defence, or in ac- quiring any part of the territory so ceded or relinquished, shall be fully reimbursed by the United States, and that one Commissioner shall be appointed by Congress, one by this Commonwealth, and another by those two Commissioners, who, or a majority of them, shall be authorised and empowered to adjust and liquidate the ac- count of the necessary and reasonable expences incurred by this State which they shall judge to be comprised within the intent and meaning of the Act of Congress of the ioth day of October 1780 respecting such expences"- Now Whereas John Pierce, William Heth, and David Hen- ley, were respectively and duly appointed your Commissioners, in Conformity to the above recited clause; who having in obedience thereto spent many months in the investigation of such accounts and vouchers as were laid before them by the Commonwealth of Virginia in support of her demands under the said deed of Cession, a majority of them, namely, William Heth and David Henley [John Pierce being at present-as he has been for some time past-incapable 465 466 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS of business, by indisposition] after the most mature consideration of the nature of the accounts and vouchers. and the variety of cir- cumstances involved therewith, have agreed in the following report and award- It appearing to your Commissioners, after repeated essays- altogether impracticable to ascertain "the necessary and reasonable expences" incurred by Virginia for the purposes recited in the afore- going clause in the deed of Cession, agreeably to the usual form of business, or common rules of Office, without loseing sight of that equity, which appears to them to have been the evident intention of Congress to afford Virginia, and finding on the other hand, that if they admitted all the charges exhibited by the said Commonwealth of Virginia under her Ideas of the intent and meaning of the deed of Cession, they would violate the trust reposed in them by an Act of partiality. They have therefore-from the most conscientious state- ments of the Accounts in their power, and making at the same time, those concessions to each others opinions, which they hold themselves warrantable in doing, in order to terminate the business in the best manner possible-agreed in an opinion that the United States ought, in compliance with the said deed of Cession, as one of the contracting parties, to reimburse the Commonwealth of Virginia, the Sum of Five hundred thousand dollars Specie, as a full compensation for all expences paid by said Commonwealth, and incurr'd as "necessary and reasonable in subduing British posts, or in maintaining forts or garrisons within and for the defence"-comprehending Forts Jeffer- son Nelson-"or in acquiring any part of the territory ceded and relinquished to the United States, as Specified and Stated by the said William Heth and David Henley in the accounts hereunto annex'd. And they do, by the powers in them vested, award the said sum of Five hundred thousand dollars specie accordingly- Given under our hands and Seals at New York, this fifteenth day of May, In the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and eighty eight. WILL HETH, Comsr appd by Virginia [seal] DAVID HENLEY third Commissioner [seal] This page in the original text is blank. 468 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS TO THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA for her "necessary and rea- sonable expences incurred in subduing British posts, or in maintain- ing forts or garrisons within and for the defense, or in acquiring any part of the territory ceded to the United States by her deed of cession DR,, THE UNITED STATES 1788 January To amount of her whole claim as laid before the Commissioners and for which, there are vouchers of her payments..... Amount of sundry charges for which the vouchers were burnt by the British in the year 1781 ............................ Virg" Cy 233,875- 17. II. 10.010,,I8,, 3Y/2 243,866,, x6, 2XV2 1788 ..Dollars- May 15 To Balance P Contra ...... o Li50,000,, 0,, o,, or 500,000- WILL HETH UNITED STATES TO VIRGINIA 469 on the 1St day of March I784" as Stated by William Heth the Com- missioner appointed by Virginia, in compliance with said deed of ces- sion, to liquidate and adjust such expences CONTRA 1788 By Amount of burnt vouchers............ May 15 By Amount of two Shawanese expeditionsi conducted by General Clark in the years 1780 1782-not allowd by Mess.r- Pierce Henley, being a charge, which in their opinion, the governing clause in the deed of cession above recited does not compre- hend ................................... By sundry expences-Militia in Kentuckel -supplies to Coll Campbell-to barracks , at Charlottsville-c c ............ So much agreed to be deducted by Mr Heth, from the contra debit, in conformity to the determination of the other Commissioners on a question respecting bills paid by the [State of] Virginia, for the application of which, vouchers satisfactory to them, were not produced, as from the proceed- ings of their board will more fully appear; and which sum, is now consented to be deducted, that Virginia may transfer the same to her general account against the Union, where the Justice and equity there- of, will be determined upon by Commis- sioners to be appointed by Congress, to decide on all matters of controversy re- specting the accounts of Individual States against the United States, and which he does under a hope, that it will prevent any disagreeable dispute or consequences between the contracting parties, and with a view to close the account as soon as possible, that the sums not allow'd therein, may be transferrd to her general account as aforesaid. By Balance to be reimbursed Virginia in K Virtue of her deed of Cession.... CR 10,010 is,, 3Y. 9,97u,, 6,, 7 23,197 9. 4 I 50,000,, 0., 0,, pound;243,886,, I6,, 2z/2 470 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS DR THE UNITED STATES TO For her Account of estimate of expences, to be reimbursed the State by the United States, for the conquest defence of the Illinois territory To pay of Officers Soldiers under the Com- mand of General Clark-in the Illinois, at Forts Jefferson Nelson, and til the latter was reduced, comprehending the Illinois Regiment, Major Slaughters Corps, Capt Rogers' Cavalry c c...................... To Rations for the above Troops ac- curately estimated at the average price for 4535,, each year .............................. amounting .... ........................... To an allowance for General Clarks Table, or extra family expences as Command- - er in chief, in the Illinois department, at a 1,427,, rate equal to his pay . . . ;....i..........J To Rations for sundry persons followers) of the troops, under the description of the friendly Indians, Commissarys-Hunters dis- - tressed families, Prisoners, Expresses-Spies, 2,035,, Interpreters Artificers detachment of militia c c ....................................J To an allowance for wastage on transporting) issuing provisions admitted by the Board 'r 4,557), at P ....o I p Ct . To an allowance for Clothing, one suit for), every Soldier a year . . . 1228 Suits - 7,736,, 6 6 ... . . . . . .. . . . . . . ........ J- Note This last sum ex- tended ............. 59,291,, 17,, XXY/2 was to cover as far as the Commissioners thought proper, Bills drawn by General Clark, and those under his Command to amount Iio,oooY0 To the Amount paid Artifycers ...... x,638,, To Expences for Indian department 1..... I,087,, To Militia pay for sundry detachments.. 291,, To Expence of Prisoners. To ditto for Expresses ......... ....... 506,, To Plank Carpenters Wages at Fort Jefferson ..... ...................... 286,, To sundry Charges placed by Mess.rs Pierce Heth in the doubtful column Mr Heth from ...... 3,787,, 14,, 1II/2 the whole sum after 2,448,, deducting ......... 1,338,, 17,, 8 Y2 admits therefore ..................... 50,8 50,, I 9,, I 14,, IT X 0, 0,, 12,, 5 2,, 8 8 - 15,, 2,, 13,, 3,, 8,, 1,, 4 8 7 6 6 9 7,, 31 'This figure is given as it appears in the original; the result of the sub- traction however is pound;2,448, 17 S, 3 d. 59,291,) 17,t 1 1 Y2 UNITED STATES TO VIRGINIA 47' THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA CR agreeably to the Act of Cession .... dated the first Day of March One thousand seven hundred and eighty four By amount of 7,923,, 12,, 5V2 which the Commissioners agreed should be struck off, for some part of the estimate being too high, and for over pay to Soldiers, as ap- pears by the Alphabetical list and statement of their pay ..J By the Balance carried to Account of final I Adjustment, and which is allowed to the State of Virginia ............J New York, 15tb May 1788- This Estimate was made by the Commis- sioners, at the City of Richmond in Virginia . . and agreed to........................ DAVID HENLEY 4F Third Commissioner 7,923 12 5X2 150,000,, 0,, 0 157,923,,12,, 5'/2 472 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS To Amount of Sundrys put by as wanting explanation, he likewise admitts for these ............................... To Amount of sundry Contingencies, ascertained on examination, with some degree of exactness, wvh comprehends . Gallies, Boats Cannoes, Indian treats, an immense variety of other expences. .J To sundry contingencies abstracted from] the Accounts of IS Col. Montgomery, who commanded at the Kaskaskias from WmI Shannon conductor General of the department, from John Dodge who was Indian Agent, had charge of all the Clothing and made great disbursements, not yet sufficiently ad- justed, but which including the expence of the troop Horse under Capt Rogers, for Arms--Military Stores, Bounty money re- cruiting expences, not included in this state- ment--allow J 1,474,,15,, 3 23,044,, 10,, 1 17000,, ' On the basis of the items given here, and including the corrected figure given in note I, this figure should be pound;47,778, 7 S, 6 d. 2According to the corrected figures this total should be Xpound;157,920, 14 S, 6/2 d. 47,781 5 51 157,923 12 52 UNITED STA TES TO VIRGINIA 473 474 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS DR THE UNITED STATES TO For the final Settlement Account which exhibits the whole charge of an Account as layd before the Commissioners for their consideration and judgment, and which a Majority of them were to determine upon as final, To the Amount of an Account as layO before the Commissioners by the Commonwealth of Virginia, for her expences, in conquering and defending the N9 Western territory as her deed of Cession, bearing date th zat March 1784, and which territory was ceded for the benefit of the United States upon certain terms and conditions of reimburse- ment .................................. 233 875,, 17,, 21 To amount of Sundry Charges for which the Vouchers are said to have been burnt 10 010,, I8,, 31/2 243,886,,x6,, 21/2 UNITED STATES TO VIRGINIA THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA C for the reimbursing that Commonwealth by the Union, for the Illinois Terri- tory, as ceded the first Day of March One Thousand seven hundred and eighty four- By the Balance of One hundred and fifty thousand Pounds brought from the Account of Estimate, which the Commissioners agree to allow the Commonwealth of Virginia, as a full compensation, for to reimburse her expences in conquering and defending the NQ Western territory, in which are com- prehended the troops of the Illinois of all denominations and descriptions, under the Command of General Clark, consisting of the Illinois Regiment, Rogers, Cavalry,- Militia of that Country,-Indians acting in its defence,-and for all forts established and maintained there,-and for the troops serving in forts Jefferson Nelson, con- sisting of the Illinois Regiment,-Slaughters' Corps-Indians c,-and for the expence in establishing the two forts Jefferson and Nelson,-for artifycers, spies,-Interpreters, -Expresses,-Prisoners of War c c-and for the following Accounts-General Clark -Col. Montgomery-Major Slaughter- William Shannon-Benjamin Harrison- Francis Moore-Evan Baker-John Dodge -Gabriel Maddison,-Oliver Pollock others connected with these Accounts-and for all Bills drawn by General Clark and those under him,-and all other expences whatever incurred in the conquest and de- fence of the ceded territory, or that bas any connection with forts-Jefferson Nelson .................................. I 50-ooo, 0 By a deduction on ... xxoooo pound; Bills drawn' by General Clark and those under him of 59291,, 17,, his/2 allowed for in Rations -clothing c to that amount which leave h 50708,, 2 - a loss the State is subject to, as by the de- termination of this Commissioner. .. (see account estimate) ....................... By a deduction on .... 3787,, 17,, 3I/2 of 2448,, I7,, 3 already allowed for the whole sum leaves 1338,, 17,, 8V 2 a charge against the State Virginia (see account estimate). By a sum agreed to be struck off in account 7923,, 12,, 7 of estimate, as an allowance for over pay of soldiers-and contingencies too high estimated ............................... 59970,, 52,, 4 475 476 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS UNITED STATES TO VIRGINIA By the two Shawanese expeditions (not allowed for in this Account)............... By sundry Charges, for which Vouchers are burnt (not allowed)...................... By sundry expences of Militia in Kentucky c c (not allowed).................... For the three last sums extended to 33,916 3,, io3/2 which the Commissioners have made no allowance for, it is just in my Opinion, that the State of Virginia should have the power of supporting her Claims in these, by any Accounts-Vouchers-or papers above mentioned, provided the Charges has no con- nection with exper-ces in the defence of the Illinois, or Forts Jefferson Nelson . . . New York I5 May 1788 DAVID HENLEY Third Commissioner 9970,, 6-7 10010,, i8-3/2 1 3934,, 19 - 33916,, 3,, IOY2 243,886,,16,,2V2 477 This page in the original text is blank. LIST OF WORKS CITED This page in the original text is blank. LIST OF WORKS CITED I MANUSCRIPT MATERIAL Draper Manuscripts in the Wisconsin State Historical Library. Haldimand Manuscripts (copies) in the Canadian Archives. Letter of G. R. Clark to G. Mason in the possession of J. S. Pirtle of Louisville, Kentucky. Manuscripts in the Virginia State Archives. Pollock Papers in Papers of the Continental Congress in the Li- brary of Congress. Pollock Papers in Miscellaneous Letters in the Department of State. Washington Manuscripts in the Library of Congress. II PUBLISHED SOURCES Almon, J., The Remembrancer or Impartial Repository of Public Events. 17 vols. London, I775-I784. Alvord, Clarence W. (ed.), Cahokia Records, 1778-i790 (Spring- field, 1907) [Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library, volume 2, Virginia series, volume I]. Alvord, Clarence W. (ed.), Kaskaskia Records, I778-i790 (Spring- field, I909) [Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library, volume 5, Virginia series, volume 2]. Ballagh, James C., Letters of Richard Henry Lee, 2 volumes (New York, i9iI, 1914). Beckwith, Hiram W., Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library, volume I (Springfield, 1903). Billon, Frederic L. Annals of St. Louis in its early days under French and Spanish Domination (St. Louis, i886). Billon, Frederic L., Annals of St. Louis in its Territorial Days from i804 to i82i, being a continuation of the author's previous work (St. Louis, i888). Butterfield, Consul W., Washington-Irvine Correspondence (Madi- son, I882). 48I 482 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Calendar of Virginia State Papers and Other Manuscripts, II vol- umes (Richmond, I875-i893). Canadian Archives Reports, i872-1921 (Ottawa, i873-1922). The first series of i I volumes, comprising the years x872- I883, was issued as a supplement to the Report of the Minister of Agriculture. The second series, beginning with i884, is issued as a separate publication, and is in- cluded in the Sessional Papers. Craig, Neville B. (ed.), The Olden Time; a monthly publication devoted to the preservation of documents and other aut hen- tic information in relation to the early explorations and the settlement and improvement of the country around the head of the Ohio..., 2 volumes (Pittsburgh, i846-i848). Hening, William Waller, Statutes at Large, being a collection of the laws of Virginia, i619-1792, 13 volumes (Richmond, Philadelphia, New York, i819-1823). James, James A., George Rogers Clark Papers, 1771-I178i (Spring- field, i9i2) [Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library, volume 8, Virginia series, volume 31. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789, edited from the original records in the Library of Congress by the Chief of the Division of Manuscripts, 23 volumes (Washington, I904-1915). Kellogg, Louise Phelps (ed.), Frontier Retreat on the Upper Ohio, 1779-178i (Madison, I917) [Wisconsin Historical Col- lections, volume 24, Draper series, volume 5]. Mason, Edward G., "John Todd's Papers," Fergus Historical Ser- ies, number 33, reprinted from Chicago Historical Society's Collections, volume 4 (Chicago, 18go). Mason, Edward G., "John Todd's Record Book," Fergus Historical Series, number 33, reprinted from Chicago Historical So- ciety's Collections, volume 4 (Chicago, i890). Mason, Edward G., "Rocheblave Papers," Fergus Historical Series, number 34, reprinted from Chicago Historical Society's Collections, volume 4 (Chicago, i890). Michigan Pioneer and Historical Collections, volumes I-39 (Lan- sing, i877-1915)- LIST OF WORKS CITED Pennsylvania Archives, first series, 12 volumes (Philadelphia, I852- I856). Pennsylvania Colonial Records, I6 volumes (Harrisburg, Philadel- phia, 185I-I853). Pirtle, Henry (ed.), Col. George Rogers Clark's Sketch of his Cam- paign in the Illinois in 1778-9. . . with an appendix contain- ing the public and private instructions to Col. Clark and Major Bowman's Journal of the taking of Post St. Vin- cent (Cincinnati, i869) [Ohio Valley Historical Series, number 3]. Pittman, Philip, The Present State of the European Settlements on the Mississippi, with a geographical description of that river illustrated by plans and draughts, edited by Frank H. Hod- der (Cleveland, i906). Secret Journals of the Acts and Proceedings of Congress, from the first uniting thereof to the dissolution of the Confederation, by the adoption of the Constitution of the United States, 4 volumes (Boston, i820-i821). Thwaites, Reuben G., and Kellogg, Louise P. (eds.), Documentary History of Dunmore's War, 1774 (Madison, 1905) [Draper series, volume i]. Thwaites, Reuben G., and Kellogg, Louise P., Frontier Defense on the Upper Ohio, 1771-I778 (Madison, I912) [Draper series, volume 3]. Thwaites, Reuben G., and Kellogg, Louise P. (eds.), The Revolu- tion on the Upper Ohio, I775-I777 (Madison, 1908) [Draper series, volume 2]. Wharton, Francis (ed.), The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspond- ence of the United States, 6 volumes (Washington, i889). Wisconsin Historical Collections, volumes 1-20 (Madison, I855- I9I "). Withers, Alexander S., Chronicles of Border Warfare, edited by Reuben G. Thwaites (Cincinnati, I895). The AVritings of Benjamin Franklin, collected and edited with a life and introduction by Albert Henry Smyth... i0 volumes (New York, London, 1905-1907). 483 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS The Writings of Thomas Jefferson; collected and edited by Paul Leicester Ford, Io volumes (New York and London, 1892- I899). The Writings of Thomas Jefferson; being his autobiography, corre- spondence, messages, addresses, and other writings, official and private, edited by H. A. Washington, 9 volumes (Washington, i853-i854). The Writings of George Washington; being his correspondence, ad- dresses, messages, and other papers, official and private, se- lected and published from the original manuscripts; with a life of the author, notes and illustrations by Jared Sparks ... i2 volumes (Boston, 1834-1837). III GENERAL MATERIAL Alvord, Clarence W., The Illinois Country, 1673-18r8 (Springfield, I920) [Centennial History of Illinois, volume I]. Benton, Elbert J., The Wabash Trade Route in the Development of the Old Northwest (Baltimore, 1903) [Johns Hopkins University Studies, volume XXI]. Breese, Sidney, The Early History of Illinois, from its discovery by the French in 1673, until its cession to Great Britain in 1763, including a narrative of Marquette's discovery of the Mississippi, edited by Thomas Hoyne, with a biographical memoir by Melville W. Fuller (Chicago, i884). Brown, Henry, The History of Illinois, from its first discovery and settlement, to the present time (New York, 1844). Brown, John M., The Political Beginnings of Kentucky (Louisville, i889) [Filson Club Publications, volume 6]. Butler, Mann, a History of the Commonwealth of Kentucky (Louisville, 1834)- Butterfield, Consul W., History of the Girtys; being a concise ac- count of the Girty Brothers... (Cincinnati, I890). Davidson, Alexander, and Stuv6, Bernard, A Complete History of Illinois from i673 to i873;... (Springfield, i874). 484 LIST OF WORKS CITED Durrett, Reuben T., Centenary of Louisville (Louisville, I893) [Filson Club Publications, volume 8]. English, William Hayden, Conquest of the Country Northwest of the River Ohio, I778-I783 and Life of General George Rogers Clark, 2 volumes (Indianapolis and Kansas City, 1 897) - Iilson Club Publications, numbers 1-30 (Louisville, 1884-1921). Hinsdale, Burke A., The Old Northwest; the beginnings of our co- lonial system... (Boston, 1899). Hodge, Frederick W., Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, 2 volumes (Washington, 1907-I910) [Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin number 30]. Kingsford, William, The History of Canada, i0 volumes (Toronto, I887-r898). Mason, Edward G., Chapters from Illinois History (Chicago, 901)). Mississippi V'alley Historical Review, volumes 1-i0 (Cedar Rapids, I914-1924). MNississippi Valley Historical Association Proceedings, 1907-I921 (Cedar Rapids, 1909-1923). ).Ionette, John W., History of the Discovery and Settlement of the Valley of the Mississippi, by ... Spain, France, and Great Britain, and the subsequent occupation, settlement, and ex- tension of civil government by the United States until the year 1846..., 2 volumes (New York, i846). Ogg, Frederic Austin, The Opening of the Mississippi; a struggle for supremacy in the American interior (New York, 1904). Peck, John AXIason, Annals of the West: embracing a concise account of Principal Events, which have occurred in the Western States and Territories, from the Discovery of the Missis- sippi Valley to the year eighteen hundred and fifty (St. Louis, 1850). Peck, John Mason, A Gazatteer of Illinois, in three parts: contain- ing a general view of the state; a general view of each county; and a particular description of each town, settle- ment, stream, prairie, bottom, bluff, etc.... (Jacksonville, 1834). 485 486 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Ranck, George W., Boonesborough (Louisville, 19o0) [Filson Club Publications, volume i6]. Reynolds, John, My own Times, Embracing also the History of my Life... ([Belleville] I855). Reynolds, John, The Pioneer History of Illinois containing the dis- covery, in i673, and the history of the country to the year eighteen hundred and eighteen, when the state government was organized (Belleville, I852). Roosevelt, Theodore, The Winning of the West, 4 volumes (New York, 1889-1896). Schoolcraft, H. R., Archives of Aboriginal Knowledge.. .6 volumes (Philadelphia, i86o). Stipp, G. W., The Western Miscellany (Xenia, Ohio, i827) ; some- times quoted as Bradford, Notes on Kentucky. Van Tyne, Claude H., The American Revolution 1776-I783 (New York, 1905) [American Nation Series, volume 9]. Winsor, Justin (ed.), Narrative and Critical History of America, 8 volumes (Boston, i884-i889). Winsor, Justin, The Mississippi Basin. The Struggle in America between England and France, 1697-1793, with full carto- graphical illustrations from contemporary sources (Boston, I 898). Winsor, Justin, The Westward Movement. The colonies and the republic west of the Alleghanies, 1763-1798, with full car- tographical illustrations from contemporary sources (Bos- ton, I897). INDEX This page in the original text is blank. INDEX Accounts, Virginia, commissioners to settle: ap- pointment, 32, n. 1, 290-293; jour- nal of, 293-402; see also Commis- sioners; western: list of, 403-412; pro- vision for settling, 32-34; with Clark, 245, 254-289; with United States, 465-477. See also Bills of Exchange. Accoutrements, cavalry, accounts for, 325; reimbursements for, to owners, i20. Adams, Ensign, at Battle of Blue Licks, go. Adams, Francis, sum due for ser- vices, 365. Adams, Capt. George, pay roll of received, 346, 347. Adams, Martin, deed issued to, 448. Agent, see Indian Agent. Ahavmand, draft payable to, 275; sum paid, 267. Amoneau, Charles, sum paid for sundries, 264. Aldridge, William, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Alexander, Elizabeth, deed issued assignee of, 463. Alexander, James, deed issued as- signee of heir, 463. Allan, John, sum paid for rifle, 272. Allegre, William, private in Illi- nois Regiment, 27. Allen, David, grant of bounty land allowed, 42i; private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Allen, Elijah, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Allen, Henry, sum due for enlist- ing, 352. Allen, James, losses of at Blue Licks, 94- Allen, Thomas, deed issued assignee of 460. Allin, see Allen. Allison, Capt. John, militia com- pany of: at Blue Licks, go; pay roll of, 367. Allisons, see Allison. Almon, J., The Remembrancer or Impartial Repoiitory of Public Evqents, 78, n. I. Alvord, C. W., Cabzokia Records, 5, n. 1, 30, n. 1, 3i, n. I, 2, 41, n. 1, 193, n. I, 278, n. I, 279, n. 2, 280, n. I; Illinois Country, 30, n. 1 ; Kaskaskia Records, 6i, n. x, 89, n. 3, 278, n. 1, 279, n. 2, 280, n. I; "Virginia and the West: An Interpretation," lxiv, n. 2. Amarie, bounds Kaskaskia grant, 193. Amberson, James, message from to Clark, 124. Americans, at Detroit, 347; destroy Vincennes barracks, 176; join Indian raiding parties, 85; rela- tions with Moravians, xxxviii. Amherst, troops to be raised in, i2i. Ammunition, difficulties of trans- porting, 231; for boats, 138; for Colonel Lochry, 142; for Fort Jefferson, 325; for hunting, I6g; guarded, 173; lack of, 2; Virginia furnishes Cherokee, 131. Anderson, Isaac, deed executed in favor of, 443. 489 I I I I i ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Anderson, Joseph, bills of exchange in favor of, 381; deed issued as- signee of, 449; grant of bounty land allowed, 422; service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Anderson, Col. Richard C., to trans- mit plat of land grant, 428; Andre, Joseph, account of, 383. Andrews, Joseph, sum paid for rum, 267. Animals, data on, requested by Jef- ferson, X 55. Annapolis, letter from, 250. Annual Report of the American Historical Association, 1917, xviii, n. 2. Antaya, Indian chief, 84, 85. Antia, Michael, wages paid, 265. Antulep, William, bill in favor of, 378. Appalachian Mountains, British drive against anticipated, r22. Applegate, Sam, deed issued, 446. Appler, Abram, deed issued, 460. Arbuckle, John, confesses theft, I73. Arbuckle, Matthew, receipt from, 386. Arbuckle, William, sum advanced, 386. Archer, Joshua, sums due, 333, 334. Armistead, note of, paid, 170. Armistead, Captain, services of, de- sired by Clark, 63. Armover, sums due for services, 366, 370; sums paid for services, 255, 258. Arms, bills for, 325, 472; bills for repairing, 258; left at Fort Jeffer- son, 326; supplied by volunteers, 120. Armstrong, John, deed issued to, 445; sum due for enlisting, 353. Armstrong, transmits letter, 117. Arnold, Benedict, invades Virginia, 249, n. x. Artificers, sums due, 470, 475. Artillery, accounts for, 325; at Chillicothe, lv; Clark's officers of, to be dismissed, 50; for boats, 138; for Clark, 49, 51, 65, 129; in British service, 14, 37; in Shawnee campaign, 150, 151; lack of, lx; pay roll for company of, 394, 395; protection of settle- ments against, 59; supply of, 50; wanted in Kentucky, 114. Ash, John, grant for bounty land allowed. 421. Asher, Bartlett, deed issued as- signee of, 454. Asher, William, deed issued to, 454; grant of bounty land al- lowed, 431. Assembly, Virginia, accounts re- ferred to, 369; appoints commis- sioners to settle western accounts, 33, 293 ; asked to deal with dis- affection, 154; authorizes: enlistment bounty, 62; survey of bounty land, 417; bounty land granted by, 233, 251, 252, 253, 413, n. 1, 418; com- missioners to report to, 403; de- stroys tobacco fund, 52; discusses Indian land purchase, 170; fails to act, xo8; issues warrant, 29; Kentucky conditions reported to, io; meeting of, I2; members of, II, n. I, 32, n. I, Ii8, n. I, 291; memorial to, 233, 240, 4x6; offensive operations: considered by, 5o; abandoned, xxvii, 19; orders of concerning supernum- erary officers, 53; petition to, lii; provides funds, 148; recommends garrisoning of Ohio, 8; resolu- tions by, 20. 490 INDEX Asturgus, boat builder, 45- Asturgus, James, sum due for ra- tions, 409; sums due for services, 310, 334, 412; pay roll of, 330-331. Asturgus, Peter, pay roll of, 330, 405, 406. Attorney General, of Virginia, in- terviews commissioners, 309. Auditors, Virginia, accounts re- ferred to, x68, 245, 332, 359; books of, 360; pay rolls received from office of, 327; to inspect ac- counts, 295; vouchers lodged in office of, 273, 318. Augusta County, Virginia, land in sold, 344; militia of, 95, 291; natural history specimens from, 155; volunteers from, to be raised, 120. Ax, compensation for, 372. Babman, Henry, sum due for ra- tions, 369. Bacon, sums paid for, 255, 267. Bacon, I. B., bills drawn by, 283. Bag, sum paid for, 270. Baggage, in Shawnee campaign, 150, 151. Bailey, David, accounts, 354; deed executed in favor of, 443; grant of bounty land allowed, 423; pri- vate in Illinois Regiment, 23. Bailey, Capt. John, accounts of, 257, 270, 272, 379, 382; appointed: to explore for bounty lands, 415; to receive Jef- ferson County land claims, 417; attends meeting of Illinois Regi- ment officers, 414; biographical sketch, reference to, 413, n. i; buys land, 13; deed issued as- signee of, 437, 440; discusses con- ditions at Fort Nelson, 201; land bounty allowed, 419; ordered to lay out town, 424; services of, 22, 24, 32; pay roll of, 335, 395; trustee of Clarksville, 435; trus- tee of Illinois Regiment, 413, n. 1, 415, 417, 418, 425, 428, 429, 439; witnesses receipt, 315. Baker, Evan, accounts of, 280, 475; biographical sketch, 280, n. 2. Baker, Isaac, 280, n. 2. Bakers, bill for supplies at, 272. Baldwin, Jehu, deed issued assignee of, 448. Baley, see Bailey. Balenger, Larkin, grant of bounty land allowed, 42o. Ballard, Bland, accounts of, 366, 388; sum due for services, 389. Banister, J., report made by, 15. Baptise, John, relations with British, 146; sum paid for rifle, 272. Barbeau, sum paid for lodging Chippewa, 266. Barbee, sum paid, 259. Barbeneau, amount paid for flour, 260. Barber, see Barbour. Barbour, Colonel [], account of, 353- Barbour, Capt. Philip, accounts of, considered, 199, 216, 307, 310, 311, 312, 322; appointed to explore lands for Illinois Regiment, 415; attorney for Harrison, 414; bill in favor of, 4, 33, 199, 308, 313; cargo sold by, 4, n. 1, 323; carries letter, 173; collusion between, and Pollock, suspected, 4-5; deed is- sued to heir of, 457; heir of sup- plies papers, 455-456; pay roll re- ceived by, 327; purchases from, 326; receipts bills, 317. Barbour, Philip, Jr., deed issued to, 457; petitions for land grant, 456. 491 492 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Barbour, Richard, bill in favor of, 278. Barkley, peltries delivered to, 380. Barnet, Capt. Robert, assignee of, 463; grant of bounty land al- lowed, 426; pay roll of, 351, 355. Barrois [Barois], Franqois, recom- mended to Clark, 176. Barracks, wood for, 270. Barrow, advances made by, 244. Bartholomew, Joseph, chairman of board of trustees of Illinois Regi- ment, 463. Bartley, John, appraisement of prop- erty of, 358. Batey, James, bill in favor of, 276. Batten, Thomas, grant of land bounty allowed, 422. Batteau [batus], sum paid for, 270. Bauvais, Rago, sum due for flour, 260. Bawbee, at Miami, 146. Baxter, James, grant of bounty land allowed, 420; sum due for ser- vices, 361. Bayly, see Bailey. Bayonets, invoice of, 17; need of, 122; use of, in Indian warfare, 120. Bear meat, sum due for, 334, 343, 362, 390, 391. Bear oil, certificate for, 324. Beargrass, Kentucky, letter from, 45-46, 137; meeting at, 449; mi- litia of, 47, 67, io6. Beargrass River, boats to leave, 138. Beaufrere, tailor, sum paid for ser- vices, 267. Beauregard [Beaureguard], bill in favor of, 40I; peltry purchased from, 198, 322. Beckley, William, bounty land al- lowed, 423; deed issued in favor of, 441. Bedford County, Virginia, natural history specimens from, 155; troops from wanted, 121. Bell, William, private in Illinois regiment, 24. Beef, bills for, due, 304, 320, 324, 335, 337, 338, 339, 340, 343, 345, 352, 354, 362, 363, 364, 365, 368, 370, 389, 391, 399, 401, 410, 411; bills for, paid, 255, 261, 267, 268, 270; bill for salting, 338; de- manded by militia, 77; for Fort Pitt, z86; for troops, 31, 43; salt sold for, 2o; shortage of, 13; supply of condemned, 294. Beggs, James, at meeting of Illi- nois Regiment trustees, 463. Bell, Sam, bounty land allowed, 423. Bell, William, bounty land allowed, 420. Bellas, see Ontwine and Bellas. Belle Mont, see Belmont. I Bells, lost, 172-173. Belmont [Belle Mont], Virginia commissioners meet at, 377. Bennet, John, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 288. Bennett, Lt. Thomas, British leader, expedition led by, 28, n. X. Bennum and Brown, charge against considered by Virginia commis- sioners, 359. Bently, bill in favor of, 275. Bentley, James, bounty land al- lowed, 422; service of, with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Bentley, John, bounty land allowed, 422; service of with Illinois Regi- ment, 284. Bentley, Mad., bill in favor of, 274. INDEX Bentley, Thomas, biographical sketch referred to, 279, n. 2. Berkley County, Virginia, bill paid for express to, 272; militia: ordered to be in readi- ness, 95; quota not filled, 142. Berrey, William, service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Berry, John, contest between heirs of, discussed, 455; claim of con- sidered, 453, 456; deed issued to, 452; sums due, 367, 390, 409. Bethey, Elisha, bounty land granted, 422. Bienvenue, Antoine, bill in favor of, 275; sums paid to, 260, 262. Bigbone Lick Creek, letter from, 79. Biggar, wee Biggers. Biggers [Biggar], James, bounty land granted, 423; private in Illi- nois Regiment, 27. Biggs, James, deed issued, 459. Biggs, Robert, deed issued, 448. Bilderback, Charles, attorney of, 451. Bills of Exchange, Clark empow- ered to draw, xxxiv, 33; countersigned by: Clark, 225, 320, 355, 371, 372, 373, 374, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 391, 396; Rew, 318; depositions relating to, 195, 336; drawn by: Bacon, 283; Black- ford, 324; Clark, 148, 178, 208, 283, 300, 373, 375, 392, 396; Col- lier, 283; Counard, 396; Craig, 14; Dalton, 376, 377; Dunn, 283; Elliot, 215, 283; George, xxxiv, 4, 178, 179, 199, 208, 283, 308, 312, 313; Gillaspy, 283, 297; Gooding, 283; Helm, 283, 319, 378, 380; Henderson, 283; Kennedy, 373, 375; Lynn, 195, 199, 215, 283, 493 321; McCarty, 283; Montgomery, xxxiv, 6i, 159, 283, 297, 318, 349, 372, 373, 374, 392, 397, 398; Moore, 392; Nathan, 148, 198; officers of Illinois Department, 283; Perrault, 283, 320; Pieto, 283; Pollock, 200; Powree, 283; Robinson, 283; Rogers, 283; Sarpy, 283; Shannon, 225, 283, 311, 318, 324, 365, 371, 372, 374, 375, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 389, 400; Slaughter, 283, 324, 370, 392; Colonel John Todd, 159, 198, 300, 319, 370, 375, 401; Walls, 396; drawn on: Clark, 14, 318, 319, 380; General Assembly, 277; Governor of Virginia, 300, 375; Legras, 275; New Orleans, 190, I95; paymaster general, 378; Pollock, 6I, 144, 195, I96, 199, 208, 274, 275, 312, 32!, 322, 323,, 372, 375, 402; treasurer of Vir- ginia, 6r, 148, 275, 300, 319, 381, 397; Virginia, 173, 200, 313; endorsed by: Helm, 378; Rew, 318; examined by commissioners, 304, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 317, 3I8, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 336, 365, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 389, 392, 396, 397, 398, 400, 401; excessive, 208; in favor of: Ahavmand, 275; Anderson, 381; Antulep, 378; P. Barbour, 4, 33, 199, 308, 313; R. Barbour, 278; Batey, 276; Beau- regard, 401; J. Bentley, 275; M. Bentley, 274; Bienvenue, 275; Bisen, 280; Boncaux, 275; Boone, 276; Bosseron, 265, 274, 275, 377, 378, 379, 380, 40I; Boush, 324; Brashear, 276; Calhoun, 391; Car- bonneaux, 318, 324, 381; Cerre, 494 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Bills of Exchange (cont.) 269, 274; Chapoton, 266; C. Charleville, 196, 269, 274, 275, 282, 375; F. Charleville, 275; Chenowith, 276, 370; Chouteau, 274; Cornia, 274; Craig, 276; Cripeau, 266; H. Dalton, 2x6; V. T. Dalton, 216; Datchurut, 274, 275; Dean, 276; Delouer, 274; Duplasy, 274; Duralde, 274; Faber, 280; Faggott, 274; Fervor, 278; French, 276; Gamelin, 275; Gibson, 276; Girault, 275, 319; Goden, 275; Gooding, 319; Gratiot, 275; Harmond, 374; Hart, 277; Hays, 392; Helm, 378; Henry, 3i9; Hinton, 276; Hold- man, 276; Hubberdeau, 264, 274, 275; Janis, 275, 381I; Johnston, 392; Kennedy, 318; Lacroix, 275; Laffont, 61, 274; Lafontaine, 275; Laulpe, 274, 275; Le Compt, 275; Lefevre, 3i9; Legras, 266, 282, 318; Linctot, 324, 375, 380; McAfee, 392; McCarty, 275; McCrae, 275; Malvert, 2i6; Marie, 378; Menaze, 275; Merri- weather, 278; Molvost, 6i; Mo- rain, 274; Motard, 274; Murray, 274, 275, 397; Pazzar, 324; Per- rault, 61, 274; Pettice, 275; Phelps, 276; Picard, 274; Plassy, 275; Pope, 276, 278; Pouri, 275; Powell, 276; Pruito, 377; Ran- dolph, 269; Rapicault, 274, 275; Ray, 318; Renault, 318, 319; Risharry, 275; Saunders, 278; Sarpy, 274; Smith, 276; Sturgis, 276; Sullivan, 280, 389; Thrus- ton, 276; Todd, 276; Trip- let, 276, 280; Trotter, 275; Valli, 274; Vazquez, 274; Vigo, 274, 275; Vilot, 376; West, 276; Wil- liams, 3i8; in possession of: Gratiot, 324; Legras, 275; Nathan, 275, 282, 375, 380; prohibited, 172, 214; protested, 40, 372, 373, 374; to pay officers' notes, 19I; unauthorized, 33, 179, 208; when to be honored by state, 224. Binne, Shawnee Indian, with Otta- wa, 84, 85. Bird, Capt. Henry, British officer, Clark anticipates, xxiv; destroys Ruddle's Station, xxiii, 350; letter of, to Powell, xliv, n. x. Bisen, J., bill in favor of, 280. Bitterback, Charles, bounty land granted, 422. Blackburn, John, deed issued to, 451. Blackfish, Indian chief, reported dead, 31. Blackford, Joseph, summoned be- fore commissioners, 305, 306. Blackford, Sam, bounty land grant- ed, 422. Blackford, Zephaniah, conductor of stores at Fort Nelson, accounts of, received by commissioners, 370; certificates drawn by, 320, 324, 354, 401; letter from, to Car- din, mentioned, 83; signs receipt, 17; summoned before commis- sioners, 309. Blacksmith, amount paid for ser- vices, 265. Bladsoe, see Bledsoe. Blaine, Peter, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Blair, Archibald, clerk of executive council, I5, 30. Blankenship, bounty land granted, 426. Blankets, appraisement of lost, 94, 34!, 342; brought to Falls, 197; for troops, 142, 315. INDEX Bledsoe [Bladsoe], William, ap- praisement of mare lost, 369; sums due, 385, 386, 404. Blewen [Bloiiin], Daniel, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Blue Licks, appraisement of prop- erty lost at, 94, 339, 340-342, 356, 369, 387; battle of, xlviii-li, 43 n. I, 89-93, 97, 112-113, 127; Clark condemns conduct of offi- cers at, liii, 135, Coburn wounded at, 359; fortification of, discussed, 298; Harrison regrets defeat at, 128-i29; map showing, 93, 105; reasons for reverses at, 162. Blue Ridge, settlements penned up, 3. Blue Stone, Indians at, 231, 232. Board of Deputies of Illinois Regi- ment, see Illinois Regiment. Board of War, Virginia, see War, Board of. Boats, at mouth of Licking, xliv; bills for, 254, 255, 256, 277, 325, 332, 338, 361, 363, 365, 366, 368, 370, 379, 384, 472; construction of, xxxv, 64, 69; described, 137; for Lochry, 142; lack of money for, 6i; militia: to serve on, 88; to build, 102-103; order for, 325; Patterson to join, 70; purchase of, 6i; repairs made on, 138; sums due for ser- vice on, 355; stationed on Miami, 43; use of, I6, 44, 146. Boat anchor, bill for, 266. Boater, James, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Boatmaster, sums due for service of, 333. Boffman, Henry, sums due for ra- tions, 409. 495 Bogar, Dominique, certificate of, for sundries, 381. Boje, order on, 320. Bolsey, sum paid for gun powder, 258. Boncaux, Pierre, draft payable to, 275. Bond, Shadrach, service with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Bones, specimens of, requested by Jefferson, 155, 250. Bonner, Moses, sum allowed for canoe, 400. Boone [Boon], Col. Daniel, ap- praisement of property lost by, 340, 341; at Blue Licks, xlviii, XliX, 1, 92, 93, 106; characterized, 122; describes battle of Blue Licks, 89, 98-99; letter from, to: Harrison, 93- 99, 113-114; Marshall, r24-125; letter to, from: Harrison, x28- 129; opinion of Clark's Indian policy, lvii; pay roll of, 302, 404; presents account, 342-343; pro- tests methods of defending Ken- tucky, II3-x14; recommends open- ing surveyor's office, 124-125; requests: additional forts, 113; reinforcements, 99; summoned before Virginia com- missioners, 305; sums due for supplies, 304, 408, 410. Boone, Martha, sum due for horse hire, 304, 403. Boone, Samuel, appraisement of property lost, 341. Boone, Squire, bill in favor of, 276. Boonesborough, Donelson in com- mand at, roo, n. x; troops from, at Bryan's Station, xlviii. 496 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Boone's Station, location of, xliv; losses at, 389; spies in vicinity of, Io6. Booth, Isaac, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Booton, Travis, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued, 442. Booton, William, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued, 442. Bopes [Bops], Gasper, sum due for horse hire, 362, 404. Bosseron [Boseron], Major Franqois [Francis], bill of exchange in favor of, 265, 274, 275, 377, 378, 379, 380, 4o01; carries message, 38; departure of from Illinois, 37; pay roll of, 398, 399; pre- sents bill of exchange, 376; sum due, 400; sum paid to, 264. Boston, Dalton to be sent to, 145. Boswell, Captain, appointed to draw up memorial, 240. Botetourt [Bottetourt] County, Vir- ginia commissioners to settle western accounts meet in, 217, 291, 377, 380; danger of journey from, 292; letter from, 337; militia of, 325, 126, 127, 134; resi- dents of, 368, 291, 295; volunteers from, to be raised, 320. Bottorff, John, deed issued, 451. Boundary, of British cessions to America, 219. Bounty, enlistment, 62, 277, 225, 334, 335, 352, 353, 354, 472; lands: claimants for, adver- tised, 417; Clark and Croghan surveyors of, 251, 252; William Clark surveyor of, 438; granted, 419-464 passim; qualifications for claimants established, 438-439. See also Lands. Bourbon County, Kentucky, Benja- min Harrison sheriff of, 271, n. 2. Boush [Bush], William, bill of ex- change in favor of, 324; bounty land granted, 419; enlistment bounty due, 352-353; sum due, 411; sum payable for express services, 321, 411. Bousman, Jacob, sum paid for ferrying, 254. Bowen, Ebenezer, claim for bounty land disallowed, 422; claim for bounty land granted, 431; deed issued assignee of, 447. Bower, Daniel, deed issued assignee Of, 463. Bower, Joseph, appointed clerk, 464. Bowman, Col. Abraham, sum due for iron, 363. Bowman, Lt. Isaac, bounty land granted, 420; deed executed in favor of, 433, 441; papers of, laid before Virginia commissioners, 304; sums payable to, 399, 400; taken by Indians, 349. Bowman, Jacob, deed executed in favor of, 436, 44o; heir to Joseph Bowman, 433. Bowman, Col. John, accounts of, 297, 365; biographical sketch, 99, n. x; certifies militia service, 350; letter from, to: Harrison, 99- io1; Fleming, reference to, I317; McDowell at home of, 165; public salines managed by, 3 2; recommends peace with Chicka- saw, 99-wo; relations of with Pyatt, 333; reports: conditions in Lincoln County, ioo; conditions in Vin- cennes, 3oo-0oi; French resent- ment against Clark, 131-132; sum payable to, for salt, 365; Virginia commissioners meet at home of, 295, 336, 344. INDEX Bowman, Major Joseph, accounts certified by, 255, 26o, 262, 267; appoints Indian agent, 28, n. I; biographical sketch, 99, n. 2; bounty land granted to, 419; bounty land to heir of, 433, 440; papers of, laid before Virginia commissioners, 304; pay roll of, 284, 391; service of with Illinois Regiment, 284; sums paid to, for supplies, 258; sums paid for pay abstracts, 256, 258. Bowman, Captain, certifies accounts, 259, 263; expenditures for com- pany of, 254. Boyles, John, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 447; pay roll of, 345, 346, 351. Brabston, Nicolas, sum due for horse hire, 338, 403. Braddock's expedition, Neville on, 57, n. 1. Bradhead, William, account of, paid, 353. Bradin, Richard, private in Illi- nois Regiment, 25. Brady, Thomas, accounts of, paid, 258, 26z, 267. Brand, John, bounty land granted, 431; deed issued, 44X. Brandy, monopoly on, lvii, n. x. Brandywine, Battle of, xxxix, z2, n. I. Brant, Captain Joseph, ordered to act on defensive, xliv. Brashear's Creek, Indians retreat by, iog; protection of, discussed, 384. Brashear [Brashears], James, car- ries letter, 147. Brashear [Brashiar], Marsham, bill in favor of, 276; sum paid to, for corn, 270; testifies before Vir- ginia commissioners, 308. Brashear, Capt. Richard, attends meeting of Illinois Regiment offi- cers, 414; bounty land allotted, 419; company of, 25; deeds for remaining claims of issued, 443; issues order in favor of Cripeau, 264; pay roll of, 335, 394; re- cruiting account of, 272; service of in Illinois Regiment, 22, 32. Brasseau, sum paid, 268. Brazer, Peter, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Bread, contracts for, authorized, 222. Breckenridge, Alexander, attends meeting of, Board of Trustees of Illinois Regiment, 430, 431, 432, 433, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 450; absent from meeting, 431; deed issued by, 437. Breckenridge [Breckinridge], Rob- ert, attends meeting of Board of Trustees of Illinois Regiment, 430, 433, 441, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 451, 453, 454, 455, 456, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462. Breckenridge, laid claim contested by, 437; carries letter, 232. Breckenridge, Mrs., commissioners meet at home of, 383. Breckinridge, see Breckenridge. Bredin, Richard, claim for bounty land disallowed, 421. Breeding, Hannah, sum due, 326. Brent, Colonel, appointed to draw up memorial, 240. Brenton, Adam, deed issued, 448, 449; identifies William Myers, 449. Brenton, Capt. James, carries letter, 220. Brenton, John, deed issued assignee of, 450. I 497 498 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Brenton, William, deed issued, 453. Brewer, Benjamin, deed issued, 454. Brians, see Bryan's. Bridle, appraisement of, 94, 341, 369; sum due for, 334, 360, 404. Brigadier general, bounty land al- lotted to, 424. Brigs, Samuel, sum due for rations, 368, 40g. Briscoe, John, Jr., sum paid for casks, 270. Brisco, Captain, pay roll of, 367. Broadcloths, delivered to Carney, 315. Brock, Mat., claim for bounty land disallowed, 420. Brodhead, Col. Daniel, assignee of William Smith, 436; assignees of, 444, 448, 451; refuses regulars to Clark, xxvi; succeeded by Irvine, xxxi. Brooks, George, signs receipt, z66. Brooks, James, assignee of, 451. Brooks, Joseph, examined by com- missioners, 312. Brooks, Samuel, certificate for pay, 342. Brooks, Thomas, appraisement of horse of, 340. Brooks, William, certificate for pay, 342. Brown, see Bennum and Brown. Brown, Benjamin, assignee of, 463. Brown, Collin, private in Illinois Regiment, 26. Brown, Lt. James, bounty land granted, 42o; deed issued as- signee of, 454; pay roll of, 356; service with Bowman's company, 284; sum due, 33z. Brown, John, service with Illinois Regiment, 288. Brown, Joseph, sum paid, 267. Brown, Lewis, grant of bounty land disallowed, 42X. Brown, Laugh [Low, Lou] claim for bounty land acted on, 423; services of with Illinois Regi- ment, 288; sum due for services, 363. Bryan, James, private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Bryan's [Bryant's] Station, attack on, xlv-xlviii, 89, 98-99, 101-102, 112; description of, xliv-xlv; In- dians at, 96; land tract near, sold for ficur, z4z; Logan's head- quarters at, 91, Io2; map show- ing, o05; protection for, 59; Trigg at, go; Shawnee party near, 31. Bryant, James, bounty land granted, 42!. Bryant's Station, see Bryan's Sta- tion. Buchanan, Capt. James, accounts of presented to Virginia commis- sioners, 364; appraisement for horse lost by, 341; sergeant under, 358; sum paid, for provisions, 281. Buckner, carries letter, 159. Budge barrel, invoice of, x8. Buett, Elisha, losses of, at Blue Licks, 94. Buffalo beef, sums paid for, 260, 261; sums payable for, 334, 352, 353, 361; supply of, diminished, Ix. Buford, Colonel, carries letter, 298. Bulger, Major Andrew, death of, 105, 112. Bulger, Edward, bounty land granted, 423. Bull, appraised, 357; sum payable for, 363. Bullet moulds, invoice of, 17. INDEX Bullets, needed by Dalton, 37. Bullet's Lick, salt purchased at, 270. Bullett, Alex. S., deed issued to, 437; title to land of, transferred, 443. Bullock, William Rice, conveys Richard Clark's commission, 39. Bullocks, need of at Fort Nelson, 87. Bullskin, spies in vicinity of, so6. Bureau of Indexes and Archives, manuscripts in, xxiii, n. 3; lvii, n. 2; lxiii, n. 2; lxv, n. 1. Burk, John, sum due for supplies, 363; summoned before Virginia commissioners, 307. Burk, Nicholas, bounty land granted, 419; private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Burk, Wililam, private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Burke, Elizabeth, summoned before Virginia commissioners, 307. Burks, John, see Burk. Burney [Burny], Simon [Siman], messenger for Chickasaw, 73, 99, 103, 136. Burnley, Zach., signs certificate, 312. Burny, see Burney. Bush, see Boush. Butcher, Gasper, claim for bounty land acted on, 423. Butcher, Sam, claim for bounty land disallowed, 423. Butler, Col. John, biographical sketch, 147, n. 2; expedition of, 146; prisoner, 147. Butler and Hart, sum paid for going express, 272. Butterfield, C. W., Washington- Irvine Correspondence, xxx, notes 1, 3, xxxi, n. x, xxxiii, n. 4, xxxix, n. I, xl, n. x, xliii, n. x, liv, n. 3, lviii, n. 4, lix, n. 1, 76, n. I, 87, 499 n. 2, Irio, n. x, III, D. I, 123, n. I, 149, n. I, 152, n. 1. Byars, John, account of, paid, 282. Byrd, Sam, claim for bounty land disallowed, 423. Caderon, Charles, accounts of, for provisions, paid, 258. Cahokia [Kohos], Clark's expedi- tion to, xxii; Clark leaves, xxiv; express to, sum paid for, 258; Indian agent at, 28, n. I; location of, 193; Mc Carty at, 31; ser- vice of Ahavmand at, 267; sig- nificance of capture of, lxiii. Cahokia Records, see Alvord, C. W. Calendar of Virginia State Papers, xxxii, n. 3, 4, xxxv, n. x, xlvii, n. x,l, n. I,1, n. 3, 8,n. I,14, n. 2, 54, n. I, 98, n. r, 99, D. 2, 1o1, n. I, III, n. 3, 140, n. 1, 157, n. I, r6r, n. x, 164, n. 1, 167, n. I, 192, n. 2, 201, n. 1, 203, n. 1, 212, n. z, zx8, n. 1, 235, n. i, 236, n. I, 243, n. x, 290, n. I. Caldwell, Capt. William, British leader, assembles Indians, xliv; awaits expedition from Fort Pitt, liii; designs of, on Wheeling, 43, n. x; expedition of to Shawnee towns on Sandusky, xl, 78, 146. Calf, appraisement of, 357. Calhoon, George, assignee of, 399; order in favor of, 391. California, English exploration of, 250. Calvit [Calvet], Joseph, attends meeting of Illinois Regiment offi- cers, 414; bounty land granted, 420; deed executed in favor of, 44.4; service of in Illinois Regi- ment, 22, 32. Cameron, Angus, bounty land granted, 431; charges of against 500 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Cameron, Angus (cont.) Clark, 190-192; ordered before Virginia commissioners, 305, 306; testimony of, 327. Camp, opposite Licking, map show- ing, 1 52. Camp, Reuben, bill for services of, 311, 403; bounty land granted, 421; services in Illinois Regiment, 25. Campbell, Col. Arthur, accounts for supplies issued, 469; advo- cates defensive expedition, 62; biographical sketch, I i, n. x; characterizes leaders at Blue Licks, 122; Crittenden at home of, Ii; describes state of country, 62-63, 122-123; letter from, to: Clark, (men- tioned) xxviii; Davies, 62-63, 121-1I23; urges expedition against In- dians, 12r-122. Campbell, George, claim for land bounty disallowed, 424. Campbell, Col. John, biographical data, 39, n. 1, 145, n. I; letter from, to Clark, 219-220, 221 ; member, Board of Trustees of Illinois Regiment: absent, 432, 437, 439, 441; appointment, 413, n. I; present, 425, 430, 431, 432, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 445, 453; ordered to lay out town site, 424; prisoner, 38-39, 147; receives land claims for Jefferson County, 417; relations with Dalton, 145; reports peace signed, 219, 22!; suspects British intrigue, 2i9. Campbell, General John, British officer, proposed expedition by, against New Orleans, xxi, xxiii. Campbell, Michael, title of to land contested, 437. Campbell, William, service with Illinois Regiment, 288. Campen and Crosby, deed executed in favor of, 44x. Camper, Moses, bounty land granted, 42z. Camper, Tilman, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued, 446; services with Illinois Regiment, 284. Camperin, Moses, action on claims of, 439. Campo, Michel, service with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Camps, Icabod, bills of, for sup- plies, 368. Canada, American prisoners in, 183, 220; Indian communication with, 55; Jefferson's attitude toward extension of, xxv. Canadians, lack of spirit alleged, xxiii. Cannon, Clark's need for, 48; in- adequate, lx, 177; invoice of powder for, z8; promised, 64; sent Clark, 20, 52, 129; traveling carriage for, 56. Cannon cartridge paper, invoice of, z8. Canoes, bill for paid, 26I; bills for, payable, 338, 382, 384, 400, 408, 472; made for Clark, 8. Canone, Andrew, bounty land granted, 421. Canvas, sent Clark, 52. Captain, amount of bounty land al- lowed to, 424. Captives, see Prisoners. Carbonneaux [Carbeneaux, Car- beno, Carbonneau], Frangois, accounts of: considered by west- ern commissioners, 309, 317, 318, 323, 324, 325, 400; paid, 280; bills in favor of, 318, 324, 381; I I INDEX Carbonneaux, Franqois (cont.) interviews attorney general, 310; packet from, 320; recommended to Clark, 176; reports conditions in Illinois, 192-193, 195, 200; summoned before Virginia com- missioners, 308; carries papers, 215. Cardin, letter to, from Blackford (mentioned), 83. Cardine, John, accounts of, payable, 309. Carleton, Sir Guy, agrees to stop Indian hostilities, 156; approves Hamilton's plans, 244; instruc- tions to, xviii; sincerity of, doubted, 188. Carney [Carny, Karney], Martin, quartermaster, accounts of, con- sidered by western commission- ers, 325, 326, 349, 370, 384; asks for money, 69; bounty land: claim for acted on, 421, 425, 431; deed for issued, 443; carries: despatches of western commissioners, 337; letters, 44, 51, 138; message to Clark, 49; goods delivered to, 315; inter- views Davies, 53; letter from, to Davies, 69-70; mentioned by Davies, 332; obtains supplies, 56; pay roll of, paid, 272; presents Evans' pay roll, 393; relations with Clark, 48, 53; stores re- ceived from, 17; summoned be- fore Virginia commissioners, 307; testifies before commissioners, 308, 3''. Caroline County, Virginia, letter f rom, 12, 248. Carolina settlements, attack on feared, li; Chickasaw chiefs at, 123; expedition from, against 501 Cherokee, 123; retreat of settlers to, xliii; settlers safe in, Xi19. Carp, amount paid for going ex- press, 272. Carpenter, bills for services of, 255, 265, 470; needed for building boats, 43; sum due for tools for, 361. Carr and Escridge, accounts of, for bear meat, payable, 362. Carr, John, account of, for bear meat, payable, 362; assignee of, 399. Carr, Robert, claims for horse lost in service, 362. Carriages, traveling, for guns, sent Clark, 56. Carronades, requested, 52. Cartage, accounts for, paid, 255, 256, 261. Carter, Miss, marries Captain Stev- ens, 187. Cartridge boxes, invoice of, 17. Casey, Ensign William, pay roll of, 347. Casks, accounts for, paid, 266, 270. Cattle, bills for, 357, 360; Indian depredations on, 96; purchased, 43. Caunifax, William, deed issued as- signee of, 460. Cavalry, Illinois Regiment, expen- ditures for, 286-287, 470, 475. Cave Spring [Cove Spring], Ken- tucky, Clark at, 38, 135, 138, 140, x66, 218. Cavendish, William H., bill of, paid, 28o. Cerri [Cer6], Gabriel, bills of, paid, 261, 265; biographical ref- erence, 195, n. x; drafts in favor of, 269, 274; relations with Lynn, 195, 196. Chain, iron, bill for paid, 270. 502 ILLINOIS HIS TORICtIL COLLECTIONS Chaine, Captain Isadore, see Chene. Chaonanon, see Shawnee. C h a p I i n e [Chaplain, Chaplin], Capt. Abraham, attends meeting of Illinois Regiment officers, 414; biographical reference, 413, n. I; bounty land allotted, 420; choice of land, 437; deed issued, 436, 446; directed: to examine deeds, 436; to superintend land sales, 429; discusses conditions at Fort Nelson, 201; letter written to, 435; member, Board of Trustees of Illinois Regiment, 413, n. I, 417, 418, 425, 428, 429, 431, 432, 435, 436, 438; pay roll of, 361, 394; relations with Clark, z6o; service with Illinois Regiment, 22, 32, 284; carries letter, x6z. Chapman, Richard, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Chapman, William, bounty land granted, 423. Chapoton, draft in favor of, paid, 266. Charles City County, Virginia, birthplace of Harrison, i9, n. I. Charleston, S. C., Croghan captured at, 7i, n. x; siege of, xxxii, 148; garrison at, xvii. Charlestown, Indiana, Board of Trustees of Illinois Regiment meets at, 462, 463; death of Slaughter at, i98, n. I. Charleville, Charles [Charlo, Carlo], bills of, paid, 255, 256, 257, 260, 267, 268; bill of exchange in favor of, i96, 269, 274, 275, 282, 375; biographical data, 36, 195, n. 2; relations with Lynn, 195, 196. Charleville, Capt. Francis, amount received for pay abstract, 257; biographical data, 36; bill of, paid, 255; draft payable to, z75; service with Illinois Regiment, 286. Charleville, Jean Baptiste, biograph- ical sketch of, 36, n. i. Charleville, Joseph Chauvin dit, biographical data, 36, n. z; death, 38. Charleville, Mme. Joseph, death, 38. Charlotte County, Virginia, Caleb Wallace preaches in, 291. Charlottesville, amount paid for supplies for, 469. Chauvin dit Charleville, see Char- leville. Cheatam, Mich., claims considered, 457- Cheatham, Eleazer, claims of con- sidered, 457. Checasaw, see Chickasaw. Cheek, William, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Cheekacaws, Chekacaws, see Chick- asaw. Cheeckamogga, see Chickamauga. Chene [Chaine], Capt. Isadore, in expedition against Falls, 37. Chenoweth [Chenawith, Chenowith, Chinawith, Chinoweth, Chino- with], Capt. Richard, bill of, paid, 270; bill of exchange in favor of, 276, 370; bounty land granted, 431; commands militia, 88; deed issued, 439; pay roll of, 329, 334, 405, 406; reports men refuse to march, 47. Cherokee Indians, alliance with: Northwest In- dians, 63; Detroit Indians seek, 189; boundary line, loo, n. x; cut off trade, 243; depredations by, 74, Ioo; expeditions against, ii, n. x, ii8, n. I, 123, I30; friendly, INDEX Cherokee Indians (cont.) 119; make peace overtures, I31; relations with Chickasaw, 136; threaten hostilities, 6; Virginia supplies with ammunition, 131; visit St. Augustine, 189. Cherokee Fort, sum paid for trans- porting troops to, 256. Cherry, Capt. William, cash paid, 279; cash received from, 276. Chicago [Chicagau], traders at, XXXIIi. Chickamauga Indians [Cheecka- mogga, Chickamauger, Chicka- moggies], depredations by, xoo, 130; hostilities by, threatened, 6; make peace overtures, 131. Chickasaw Indians [Checasaw, Checkacaws, Chekacaws], Capt. George envoy to, 299; chiefs de- sire peace, 123; Clark's plans to control, xx; cut off trade, 243; depredations by, 74; negotiations with Virginia authorities, lxi, 73- 75, 99, 103, 127, 131, 136, 171, 189, 212-213, 223, 229, 248; Detroit Indians seek alliance with, 189; importance of peace with, xoo; purchase of land from, sought, 166; r e l a t i o n s with British, French, Spanish, 74; resent build- ing of Fort Jefferson, 74-75, IO0, 136. Chillecothe [Chillecauthy], Clark's expedition against, xxiv, lv-lvi, 152; destroyed, lvi. Chinawith, Chinoweth, Chinowith, see Chenoweth. Chippewa [Chipwa], bills paid for: expenses of trip to, 264; lodging, 266. Chlifton, see Clifton. Choctaw [Chocktaw], Detroit In- dians seek alliance with, 189. Chouteau, A., draft payable to, 274. 503 Christian Indians, see Moravian Indians. Christian, Col. William, accounts delivered to, 289; appointed com- missioner to settle western ac- counts, 290, n. 2; biographical sketch, Ii8, n. x; describes state of Kentucky, 119, 121-122; letter from to Harrison, 118-121, 187- ij88; recommends: change of station for Indian agent, i87; expedition against Shawnee, 119-120; forti- fication of Kentucky, I19; forts on the Ohio, x87-M88. Clark, Andrew, bounty land granted, 42o; service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 26, 288; sum due for service on galley, 370. Clark, Ann, sister of George Rogers Clark, 13, n. x. Clark, Edmund, biographical sketch of, 39, n. 2; exchanged, 187. l Clark, George Rogers, accounts of: considered by Vir- ginia commissioners, 32, n. 1, 199, 299, 307, 309, 323, 325, 327, 332, 362, 371, 4I2; creditor to Virginia, 144-145, 230, 242, 243, 245, 253, 2 54-273, 277, 401; debtor to Vir- ginia, 274-276; ordered to sub- mit, 132, 134-135; prepared for settlement, 139; United States owes Virginia for services of, 277-282, 468-477; acknowledges: clothing, 135; stores, 138; advance of toward Detroit, rumored, xix; advised: to fortify mouth of Kentucky, 298; to order militia aboard galley, 88; agreement with: Tardiveau, 1l4; Gibson. 4o, n. X; 504 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Clark, George Rogers (cont.) aids Virginia commissioners, 68, 215-216, 29i, note, 321; anticipates: attack from De- troit, 65; increased Indian war- fare, 63; appealed to, for supplies, I75- 176; appointed: principal surveyor of bounty lands, 240, 251-252; superintendent of land sales, 429; artillery for, 50, 51, 129; at: Fort Nelson, xvii-xviii, xxvi, 6, 7, II, 38, 107; Fort Pitt, 42; Richmond, xxiv; authorized: to build garrisons, Xxxi, 19, i68, 171, 207, 208; to build gunboats, xxxi, 20; to call out militia, 19, 123, 125, 126, 127, 129, 134; to contract for provis- ions, 222; to draw bills, xxxiv, 33; to erect mill, 424; to lay out town site, 424; to plan Indian offensive, 222-223; to reorganize troops, 30; to sell provisions, 0o; authorizes: garrisons, 227, 230; officer to draw bills, 195; search for salt, 37; believes enemy near Salt River, 107; bills countersigned by, 225, 320, 355, 371, 372, 373, 374, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 391, 396; bills of exchange: drawn by, 148, 178, 208, 283, 300, 373, 375, 392, 396; drawn on, 14, 318, 319, 380; boats for, xxxv, 6i, 69; bounty land allotted, 233, 414, 419, 422; British: expect on Wabash, xl; plan expedition against, xxii; threaten communication of, xxi; brothers of, 39, n. 2; cannon for, 20; censures: conduct at Blue Licks, liii, 135, 162; Lynn, 197; certificate of, to John Lines, 454; characterized, iaz; closes land office, xxiv; commissioned brigadier general, xxv; commis- sions Richard Clark, 39; comments on: peace, xxxii- XXXiii, 228, 229, 230; Slaughter's corps, 138-139; western expendi- tures, 240-242; conduct of: censured, lii, i02, 179, 190-192; discussed, 178, 179; inquired ;nto, 132-133; justified, 142, x61-162, 209; congratulated, I8x, i82; cooperation with Irvine: plan- ned, lviii, 87, I08, tIa, ix6, 122, 136, 140; abandoned, 149; deed: issued to, 439, 443; issued assignee of, 46!; Dabney's legion: requests ser- vices of, 48; refused, 49; descends Ohio, xxvi; describes: conditions in Ken- tucky, x6 1-62, 203; Fort Nelson, 202, 203, 217, 332-333; galley, 137; difficulties of with militia, 142; economy urged upon, 52; effect of: victories in Kentucky, lix; Shawnee campaign, lvi; ene- mies of characterized, 155; expedition against: Cahokia, xxii; Detroit, xxiv, xxvii, 46-47, 78, 233, 349, 399, 426; Indians, xxiv, xxvii, xxix, 293, 294; Kas- kaskia, xviii; Miami, 299; Shaw- nee, xxvi, xliii, xliv, liv, lv, lix, lxiv, 5, n. 2, 139, I50-153, 157- I58, 171-172, 18o, 2z9I, n.; Vin- cennes, xviii; Wabash, 164, 203, 229, 236-239; i INDEX Clark, George Rogers (cont.) expenditures: made by Clark, xxxiv; made by officers, 57, 179, 311i 313; explains high prices, 243; ex- ploration suggested to, 250; ex- press from, III, 321; Fort Nelson: base for, lxiv, lxv; calls militia out, to, 54; state of, laid before, 202; views on, 8-9; fortifications: plans of for, lii, lix, lxi, lxiv, 9-10, 43, 161-162, 168, 200, 214, 298; failure to erect censured, 126, 128, 129, 132, 134, i68; French at Vincennes suspect, 1oi, IS; property lost in expedi- tion of, 342, 387; Indians: intimidated by, lvii; makes peace overtures to, xxxiii; informed of peace, 221; instructions from: Governor, xix; Assembly, xxv; joined by: field officers, 8, 9; George, 77, n. I; Quirk, 172; lands of, xxxiv, 39, 159-160, 167; lands of, sold for provisions, i64; lead for, 224; lead order acknowledged, 228; leaves Walls in command, 218; letter copied by, 89, n. 2; letters from: examined, I5; to Jonathan Clark, xix, n. 3, xxxv, n. I, 2, 38-40; county lieutenants, 227-228; Davies, (referred to), lx, n. 3, 138-139, 177-178; Flem- ing, 195; Harrison, (referred to), xxxiii, n. 5, (referred to) xxxv, n. 3, (referred to) lii, n. 3, (re- ferred to) liii, n. I, (referred to) liv, n. 4, (referred to) lx, n. i, 44-45, 63-65, 135-137, 140, 157-158, 159, i61-163, 164-i65, 203, 2I2- 215, 228-230, 235, 235-236, 236-239, 240-243, 243-244, 246, 248; Irvine (referred to) lvi, n. 1, 87-88, 152- 153; Jefferson, (referred to) xx, n. 2; Lindsay, xxxvi, n. I, 43, 87; Mason, (referred to) xviii, n. I, 3, (referred to) xix, n. 2; Nelson (referred to) xxvii, n. 2, 4-5, (re- ferred to) 8; Patterson, 70; Pol- lock, 144-I45; Todd, (referred to) lxiv, n. 3; Virginia commissioners, (referred to), lvi, n. 2, (referred to) lx, n. 2, (referred to) lxii, n. i; 167-169, 203-206, (referred to) 333; Walls, 218-219, 230-231; letters to, from: Campbell, (re- ferred to) xxviii, n. 1; 219-220, 221; Jonathan Clark, (referred to) xxviii, n. 3, 12-13, 186-I87; Craig, 13-14; Crittenden, 7, 10, II, 29-30, i59-160, x65, 167; Dab- ney, (referred to) 63; Dalton, 145-147; Daniel, 246-248; Davies, 51-54, 56-57, 125; Floyd, (re- ferred to) xxxv, n. 5, (referred to) xxxvi, n. 2, (referred to) lv, n. 2; 45-46, 58-59, 6o, 66-67, 88, 106-107,. 108-109, 137-138, 156; Gibson, 40, 153, 173; Harri- son, (referred to) xxxi, n. 2, 4, (referred to) xxxv, n. 3, (men- tioned) xxvi, n. 4, (mentioned) lii, n. 2, (mentioned) lxii, n. 2, (mentioned) lxiii, n. I, 19-21, 49- 50, 133-135, 170-172, 181-182, 206- 207, 209, 221-224, 245-246; Irvine, III, 1i6-i17, 123-124, 149, (re- ferred to) I58; Jefferson, (re- ferred to) xxv, n. I, I55-156, 250- 251; Legras, 35-37, 81-83, 174- 175; Logan, 34-35, (referred to) 92; McDowell, I65-I66; Mar- shall, 183-186; Monbreun, 4I; Monroe, (referred to) lix, n. 2, 68-69, 178-I80, 248-250; Neville, .505 506 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Clark, George Rogers (cont.) 57-58; Pyatt, 86; Rubsarnen, 228; Todd and Logan, 5-6; Virginia commissioners, (referred to) 296, 305-306; Walls, 202; member Board of Deputies, Illi- nois Regiment, 413, n. 1, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 425, 428, 429, 430, 43!, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 444, 445, 447, 448, 450, 451, 452, 453, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459; messenger from, to Dal- ton, zoo; messenger to, 47; natural history specimens: re- quested of, 155; supplied by, 250; negotiations with: Chickasaw, lxi, 136, x66, 171, 182, 212-213, 223, 248; Shawnee, 223; officers of: ordered to present accounts, 308; present memorial re bounty lands, 239-240, reduced, 214; serving under, 21, n. I, 366; opinion of, on land, sought, 249; opposition to, 57-58; ordered: to communicate with government, 135; to reducetroops, 171; to Richmond, 148, z8o; orders: cannon, z18; court mar- tial, 60; expedition to Peoria, 6I; militia rendezvous, 45; supplies, 17, 43, 330, 331; troops to remain at Falls, 430; pay of troops under, 284, 287, 357, 389; plans of, rumored at Detroit, xxxvi; policy: defensive, xx, lxi-lxii, lxiv, 64, 205; censured, 99; powers extended, xxxv, 39; promises economy, 139; protects choices of bounty lands, 437; re- ceipt countersigned by, 399; recommends: calling out of militia, 64; classification of militia, 177; Floyd's appointment, I, n. I; levying tax, 137, 164; payment in paper money, 4; refuses to countersign bills, 196; relations with: Bowman, 79, n. I; Charleville, 195, n. 2; Cox, 58; Crittenden, 160; Crockett, 132, n. I ; Elliot, 143, 312; Gibault, 2II; Linctot, 28, n. I, 159, 230; Mon- roe, 68; Penticost, 279, n. z; Ran- dolph, 143; Slaughter, 198, n. I; Tardiveau, 30; Todd, 14, n. x; relatives of, 12, n., 13, n. 1, 71, n. I; reports: arrival of Virginia commissioners, 164; British ex- pedition from Detroit, 44, 63, 64; Indian situation, 213; requested: to liquidate claims, 29; to secure pay, 42; to supply clothing, 86; to transmit letters, I66; requests: advance on account, 235; defenses against Indians, lxi; lead, 215; pay for soldiers, 177; relief from command, 140; supplies, 44-45, 48, 87; resignation: accepted, xxxiv, 214, 245-246; refused, xxxiv-xxxv, 39; resources of, exhausted for state lv; services of: commended, lxiii, 20-21; 224, 245-246; valuation of, lxii; settlement of, at Fort Jefferson, resented by Indians, 100, 103; signs petition, 235; suit against, 247; supernumerary officers of, 52; surgeon with, 29; supplies for, lx, 49, 52, 56, 65, III, 117, 129; suS- pects collusion, 4; troops: join Floyd, 107; needed INDEX Clark, George Rogers (cont.) by, 55, 127; offered to, 8; recruit- ed, xxiv, 34, n. x; reorganization of, 50; vindicates Montgomery, 195; Virginia creditors appeal to, liv, 173; vouches for bills on Pollock, 144. Clark, H., signs petition, 235. Clark, John, Clark's father, iz, n. 4. Clark, John, brother of George Rogers, biographical sketch of, 39, n. 2; marriage, 58; sum due for services, 343; visits West Indies, 187. Clark, Jonathan, biographical sketch, i2, n. x; letter from, to Clark, (mentioned) xxviii, n. 3, 12-13, 186-187; letter to, from Clark, xix, n. 3, xxxv, n. 1, 2, 38- 40. Clark, Lucy, married William Crog- han, 71, n. x. Clark, Marston G., assignee of, 456. Clark, Lt. Richard, before Virginia commissioners, 307, 308; bio- graphical sketch of, 12, n. 3; bounty land granted, 414, 420; commissioned, 39; discusses con- ditions at Fort Nelson, 201; message to, x87; receives pay roll, 336; service of, 22, 32. Clark, Thomas, voucher for beef, 365. Clark, Lieutenant William, appointed: surveyor of bounty lands, 415, 418; to receive land office money, 433; to superintend land sales, 429, 435; attorney for Girault, 414; bio- graphical sketch, 413, n. i; bounty land granted, 414, 420; clerk, Board of Trustees, Illinois Regi- ment, 443, 450; deed executed in favor of, 436, 440, 441; discusses 507 conditions at Fort Nelson, 201; member board of trustees of Illinois Regiment, 4I3, n. 1, 415, 416, 417, 418, 425, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 444; service of in Illinois Regiment, 22, 32; sum due, 355; testifies be- fore Virginia commissioners, 309, 310, 312, 314, 315. Clark County, lands in, bounty for members of Illinois Regiment, 413, n. i; survey of, 457, 458. Clark's Grant, allotment of bounty lands in, 413-464; establishment of, postponed, 247; settlement in, 77, n. T. Clark's Station, Crittenden at, 7. Clarke, Daniel, bill of, paid, 280. Clarksville, established in Clark's Grant, 424; Harlan at, 390; meet- ing of trustees for, 429, 430, 432, 434- Clarys, Ensign Elisha, pay roll of, 347- Clay, Green, presents claims, 369. Clay Lick, land tracts on, sold for flour, 141. Clemons, Elizabeth, appraisement of property lost by, 342. Cleveland, Eli, letter from, to Harrison, 113-114. Cleveland, sues Clark, 247. Clifton [Chlifton], Thomas, bounty land granted, 422; service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Clinch, distance from, to Falls of Ohio, 55; Indians at, 231. Clinton, Sir Henry, defends New York, xxxvii; losses of, xxxii. Clothing, bills for, 313, 349, 363, 470; needed, 14, 86; supplied, 20, 135, 223, 311, 314. Coager, see Coger. ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Coats, sent Clark, 52. Coburn, James, wounded at Blue Licks, 359. Cochran, Dennis, bounty land granted, 42!. Cochran, keeps stores at Rose de Bough, 146. Cofer, William, bounty land granted, 43!. Coffee, for troops, 143. Coffin, sum paid for making, 376. Coffman, Joseph, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Coger, Jacob, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 45!; service in Illinois Regiment, 284. Coger, Peter, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 451; service in Illinois Regiment, 284. Cohorn, Dennis, private in Illinois Regiment, 27. Coldwater, John, enlistment bounty due, 353; service in Illinois Regi- ment, 26. Cole, Christopher, member, board of trustees of Illinois Regiment, 464. Coleman, Peter, express service by, sum paid for, 270, 336, 412. Coll, William, assignee of, 463. Collens, Joseph, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Collier, Isaac, bills drawn by, 283. Colt, sum paid for, 256. Commandants, power of, to draw bills, 292. Commander, at Detroit and St. Augustine, despatches to, 189. Commissaries, accounts, 273, 280, 295, 300, 360; instructed to sell flour, 29. Commissioners, Board of, for Illi- nois Regiment, Jee Illinois Regi- ment. Commissioners, to negotiate with Chickasaw, 171, 182. Commissioners, United States to ad- just Virginia claims, report of, 465-477. Commissioners, Virginia, to settle western accounts, advertise meet- ing, 165; appointment of, xxxiv, i6o, 290; arrive in Kentucky, z65; Clark aids, z68, 291, n., 294, 311, 321; consider accounts of: Adams, 346; Allen, 352; Allison, 367; Asturgus, 310, 330, 334; Archer, 333, 334; Bailey, 335; Ballard, 366; Barbour, 199, 216, 307, 308, 310; 311, 312-317, 322; Barnet, 351, 355; Baxter, 361; Blackford, 370; Boje, 320; D. Boone, 302, 304, 342-343; M. Boone, 304; Boseron, 377-380, 398, 399, 400; Boush, 321, 352; I. Bowman, 399- 4oo; J. Bowman, 297; Jos. Bow- man, 304; Bowmer, 297; Boyle, 304, 345, 346, 351; Brabson, 338; Brashears, 335; Breeding, 326; Brisco, 367; Brown, 356; Bu- chanan, 364; Camp, 310; Car- bonneaux, 308, 309, 317, 318, 323- 324, 400; Cardine, 309; Carney, 325-326; Chapline, 36i; Cheno- with, 329, 334; Clark, 134, 199, 200, 299, 307, 309, 323, 325, 362, 40i; J. Clark, 343; Clary, 347; Coleman, 336; Connard, 396-397; Constant, 303; Coubage, 352; Cowan, 356; Craig, 396; Critten- den, 358; Crump, 307; Cummins, 334; Cunningham, 304; Davis, 328, 330; Dickinson, 399; Dodge, 336, 368; Dougherty, 348, 351, 361; Downey, 348; Duncan, 396; Elliott, 200, 215; Elms, 352; Es- tills, 367; Fecklin, 339; Flanna- 508 I INDEX Commissioners, Virginia (cont.) gan, 309; R. Floyd, 336; J. Floyd, 327, 358; Fontain, 375; George, 199-200, 216, 307, 308, 310, 312- 317, 322, 334, 335; Gibault, 211; Gillespie, 297; Gilmer, 391-392; Girault, 319; Glenn, 336; Gor- dons, 368; J. Grant, 332; W. Grant, 304; Gratiot, 344, 380-381, 383; Grundy, 332; Guyon, 368; Hall, 329, 330; Hammon, 304; Hardy, 329; Harlan, 296, 390; Harrison, 299; Hart, 346, 359; Hays, 304; Hazlerigg, 302; Hen- derson, 294; Hickman, 331; Hill, 329; Hinch, 359; Hinton, 360; Hite, 358; Hogan, 302, 36I; Hol- man, 332; Hoys, 349; Humble, 364; Illinois claimants, 367; Illi- nois Department, 193, 254-289, 321, 381, 400, 401, 470; Illinois Regiment, 353, 361, 368, 393-396, 399, 412, 475; Irvine, 347; Jeffer- son County militia, 388-390; E. Johnson, 333; R. Johnson, 303; S. Johnson, 338, 339; Joynes, 352; Kellar, 333; Kelly, 338; Kennedy, 318; Kenton, 348-349; Kincaid, 346, 350, 356; Kirkham, 347, 348, 356, 357; Laurence, 360; Lee, 331; Lefevre, 319; Legras, 282, 31I9, 367, 374-375; Lincoln County militia, 390; Lindsay, 295, 299, 399; Linctot, 38!; Little, 339; Lockard, 326; Logan, 302, 345, 346, 357, 369, 387; Long, 343; Lunceford, 352; Lynn, 199, 215, 299, 321, 323; McAfee, 296, 348, 351, 359; McBride, 346; Mc- Carty, 355; McClain, 357; Mc- Connell, 303, 338, 339, 340; Mc- Cracken, 356; McCullough, 343; McDermorth, 307, 338; McDon- ald, 337, 338, 340; McGar, 334; 509 McGary, 343; McWorter, 360; Madison, 295, 348, 363, 364, 383, 384, 385-386, 387; Marshall, 304, 366; Martin, 337, 351, 357; Mas- terson, 339; Mitchel, 343; Mon- breun, 320; Montgomery, 208, 225, 296, 297, 317-319, 325, 335, 397; Moore, 348, 364; Morgan, 304; Morris, 352; Morrow, 297; Murray, 225, 397-398; Meyers, 36I; Nathan, I97-199, 207, 321; Nelson, 334; Oldham, 327; Orr, 317; Owens, 296; Parker, 321, 326, 352; Patterson, 337, 340, 344, 36!; Patton, 330, 331, 334; Pay- ette, 333, 345, 393; Penn, 386; Perrot, 320, 375; Phelps, 310, 334; Phips, 310; Pitman, 333; Pleak, 338; Polke, 328; Pollock, 199-200, 208, 215, 216, 297, 316, 323; Pope, 335, 37!; Prather, 367; Pringle, 358; Quirk, 335, 384; Ramsey, 335; Ravenscraft, 398; Ray, 310, 318, 355; Renault, 319; Rice, 345, 398; Roberts, 362; Robertson, 360; Robinson, 333; Rogers, 328, 339; Ruddles, 349-350; Ruland, 334; Samuels, 328; Sanders, 339; Scott, 343; Shannon, 225, 307, 336, 37I; Sherlock, 349; Slaugh- ter, 295, 362, 365; Smith, 352, 356, 361, 368; Smoot, 343; Snoddy, 346; South, 343; Spangler, 326; Stafford, 343; Steel, 339; Steven- son, 338, 339; Stucker, 339; Sug- get, 339; D. Sullivan, 336; Sul- livan, 331, 365; Swan, 349, 388; Taylor, 335; Templin, 349; Theel, 335; Thomas, 334, 335; Thompson, 338, 350, 352; Colonel Todd, 197-I98, 296, 299, 302, 304, 343, 344, 40!; Levi Todd, 294; Robert Todd, 294, 296; Trabue, 360; Travis, 358; Trotier, 372, i I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 510 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Commissioners (cont.) 374; Tyler, 336, 361; Vanmeter, 328; Van Swearingen, 339; Var- bruse, 328; Vautries, 330; Vilot, 376; Walls, 351, 353; Wapshot, 332; Warneck, 338, 339; Wason, 337; Watters, 359; Welch, 334; Whitakers, 330, 331; Wilcox, 358; Williams, 318, 367, 368; Wilson, 329, 332, 335; Woods, 348; Wor- thington, 368; depositions before, 172, 195, 307, 308, 309, 312, 323, 336, 371; escort for, 33, 292, 327, 340; forti- fication of Kentucky considered by, lix, lx, 168, 200, 202, 203, 207, 242, 298, 305, 354; Illinois con- ditions reported to, 192-194, 200; inspection of stores ordered by, 294; instructions to, 223; journal of, 290-412; jurisdiction, 29, 299; leave for Kentucky, xIS; letters from, to: Clark, 305-306; Harrison (referred to) lx, n. 4, 197-200, (referred to) 206, 215- 217, 298-301, 321-324; Vincennes residents, 376-377; to, from, Clark, (referred to) lvi, a. 2, lx, n. 2, (referred to) lxii, n. I, 167-x69, 203-206; Daniel, 192-194; Gibault, 209-211; Harrison, 13 1-132, 207- 208; meetings at: Bowman's, 295, 336, 344; Mrs. Breckenridge's, 383; Falls of Ohio, 296, 305; Harrodsburg, lix, n. I, 293, 299; Lexington, lix, n. I, 293, 305, 337; Logan's, 366; New Holland, 3o6, 349; Richmond, 393; Viney Grove, 294; members of, 32, n. I, 33, 290- 291, n., 413, n. z; militia accounts called for, 300; need for, i44, 291; pay of, 33; peltry accounts unsatisfactorily settled by, 194; principles governing settlement by, 224-225, 371-372; report of, 401-403; sale of land of British considered by, 344; summons wit- nesses, 305, 307, 308, 309, 325; vacancies among, how filled, 34. Commissioner of War, forwards commissions, 128; orders from, 95-96; returns of troops made by, 154. Commissions, delay in awarding, 10. Committee of Correspondence, Harrison member of, 19, n. i. Comprey, Francis, service with Illinois Regiment, 286. Conant, John, surgeon in Clark's army, 29. Congress, delays western expedi- tion, xxvi; Illinois conditions to be reported to, 200, 323; letter from, (mentioned) 154; letter to President of, xxix, n. I; letter to Virginia delegates in, 148; mem- bers of, 76, n. 1, 249; petitioned for aid, lii; report of commission to liquidate Virginia claims, 465- 477; residence of discussed, 250; to garrison lake posts, 221; Vir- ginia cession to, 190, 216, 247, 250. Connard, Dr., sum due for medi- cine, 396-397. Conray, Patrick, service with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Consellea [Consler, Consuls, Con- suly], Herman [Harman], bounty land granted, 422; deed issued heir of, 457; sum paid for going express, 266, 277. Consellea [Consuls], Thomas, deed issued assignee of, 457. Constant, Capt. John, property of lost, 341, 342, 408; pay roll of, 303, 407- INDEX Continental Congress, member of, 1, n. 2. Contraw, Francis, service with Illinois Regiment, 286. Cook, Ensign David, pay roll of, 369. Coombs, Joseph, deed issued, 463. Coontes, Christopher, bounty land not granted, 421. Cooperage, sums paid for, 266. Copland, Cornelius, bounty land granted, 423; deed granted, 44i. Corn, bills for, 260, 270, 304, 311, 339, 343, 353, 362, 363, 364, 367, 368, 383, 387, 410; certificates for, 31, 342, 382; contracts for authorized, 222; crop injured, lvi, 314; guard for planting wanted, 66; need of, IS; price high, 385, supply purchased, 3'. Corn, Edward, property lost at Blue Licks, 94. Cornell, Robert, deed issued, 459. Cornell, William, deed issued to, 454. Cornia, Pierre, bill in favor of, 274; sum paid, 264. Cornwallis, Lord Charles, news of, at Yorktown, zo; surrender of, xvii, xxix, xxxii, xxxvii, 7, I I, 12, 44; Virginia support of campaign against, xxix. Corruption, evidences of, 172-173. Cosby, William, assignment of land claim, 439; deed in favor of, 44i. Cotineau, bill of, for rum, 259. Coubage, Joseph, enlistment bounty due, 352. County Lieutenants, letter to, from Harrison, 95, 123; of Berkley County, 272; Fay- ette, 294; Frederick, 95-96; Illi- nois, 4i, n. I, 195, n. 2; Jeffer- son, 294, 296; Kentucky, 297; Lincoln, 99, n. I, iII, 294, 296, 300; Washington, 34; ordered: to call out militia, 230; to submit pay rolls, 300. County Surveyor, need of, 113, 115. Cournoyer, Pierre, certificate for tobacco, 382. Court Martial, of McGee, 58-59, 6o. Cove Spring, see Cave Spring. Covert, Daniel, deed issued to, 448. Cows, bills for, 357, 360, 365, 366, 368, 371, 411. Cowan [Cowen], John, accounts, 363; 41I; bounty land granted, 421; captain, pay roll of, 356; deed issued assignee of, 450; pri- vate, Illinois Regiment, 25. Cox, James, service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Cox, Colonel Isaac, camp near home of, 305; comment of, on Blue Licks, I06; Floyd joins, 137; letters from referred to, 59; militia under: to join Floyd, 66; to rendezvous at Fort Nelson, 138; news from awaited, 107, 109; relations with Clark, 58; voucher issued, 389. Cox, Richard, bounty land granted, 431; deed issued assignee of, 460. Cox, deed issued assignee of, 448. Coxswain, sum paid for services, 258. Craig, Major Isaac, accounts, 271, 272, 276, 396; at Blue Licks, 92; reports Clark's needs, iii. Craig, John, draws bills on Clark, 14; letter from, to Clark, 13-14; Harrison, 114. Craig, Joseph, presents claims, 369. Craigs, see Craig. 511I 512 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Craize [Crais], Noah, bounty land granted, 424; deed issued as- signee of, 452; private, Illinois Regiment, 23. Crawford, Col. William, death of, xlii, 72, 76, 79, 80, 10o, 145; ex- pedition of, against Sandusky, xxxvii, xxxix-xliii, 43, n. I, 78, 120, 271, n. I; relatives of, 73, 77, 271, n. I. Crawford, William, nephew of Col- onel, death of, 79, 80; prisoner of Shawnee, 73. Crawford, volunteer, Clark referred to, 47. Credit, condition of, in Virginia, 20, 69. Creek Indians, depredations by, 74; Detroit Indians seek alliance with, I89; expedition of, to Falls, iI; importance of peace with, zoo; negotiations with, lxi, 171, 223; overtures of, to Virginia, i3i; threaten hostilities, 6. Crews, David, sum due for horse, 390. Crim, John, deed issued, 455. Crimes, unpunished in Illinois, 193. Cripeau, accounts, 264, 266. Crittenden [Critenten, Crittington], Major John, at Fort Nelson, 47; at Richmond, x2; biographical sketch, 7, n. I; confers with com- mittee of House of Delegates, I5; delivers message, 19, 20, 49; journey to Virginia, 7, lo; letters from, to: Clark, 7, 10, II, 29-30, 159-i6i, x65, x67; Davies, 158; letter to, from: Floyd, 47; locates land warrant, 159-i60, x65, 167; on Shawnee expedition, x58; procures clothing, 20; relations with: Chapline, x6o; Gibson, 40; Tardiveau, I6o; sums due for service, 358; transmits letter, 8, 12, 52, 62, 248. Crittington, see Crittenden. Crocket, see Crockett. Crockett, Andrew, assignment of land to, discussed, 454. Crockett, Antony, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Crockett, Col. Joseph, accounts, 270, 279, 304, 353; biographical sketch, 132, n. I; bond of, 344; letter from, to Harrison, xxxii, n. 2, 142-144; letter to, from Harrison, 132-133; needed at Licking, 31; relations with Clark, 132-133, 142. Croghan, Col. George, Indian agent, 71, n. I. Croghan, Major William, applies for land plot, 437; biographical sketch, 7r, n. I; deed issued, 434, 436, 439, 441, 442, 445, 447, 448; letter from, to Davies, (referred to) xxxix, n. 2, 71-73; member Board of Deputies of Illinois Regiment, 425, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 46i; principal surveyor of bounty land, 252; reports: Crawford expedition, 72- 73; Pennsylvania-Virginia bound- ary dispute, 73; signs deed, 462; title to land contested, 437. Crops, failure of in Illinois, xx; Indian depredations on, 96. Crosbey, William, action on claim for bounty land, 422. Crossley, William, action on claim for bounty land, 420; private in Illinois Regiment, 27. INDEX Croucher, Henry, receipt drawn by, 375. Crow, William, sum due for bag, 360. Crown, French rate of exchange on, 253. Crump, Christ, deed issued, 44z. Crump, Jacob, deed issued, 449. Crump, Sergeant William, bounty land granted, 420; service of in Illinois Regiment, 25; sums due, for express service, 307, 41x1. Cruse, Noah, Holman assignee of, 332. Crutcher, Henry, pay of, as com- missary, 268. Cruther, James, deed issued, 458. Cruzat, Francisco, commandant at St. Louis, 28. Cub Creek, Wallace preacher at, 291. Culpeper County, Virginia, militia of, 95; minute men of, 249, n. 1; residents of, 39, 198, n. x. Cumberland River, Chickasaw at, 123; Indian negotiations at, zoo, 189, 223. Cumberland settlements, Tennessee, Chickasaw depredations on, ro4; North Carolina commissioners at, 300; removal of settlers to, feared, i88; threatened, 6. Cumberland Gap, passage to Ken- tucky, lx, 184; removal of Indian agent to, 187. Cumberland Old Court House, con- dition of troops at, xxxii. Cummins, William, sum due for mare lost, 334, 403. Cunningham, Hugh, sum due for supplies, 304; voucher issued, 4og. Curd, John, sum due for corn, 363, 410. 5I3 Currency, wee Paper Money, Specie. Curr, James, service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Curry, James, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued, 463. Curtis, Rice, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued assignee of, 448. Custard, Arnold, confesses ill con- duct, 172. Dabney, Lt. Col. Charles, acts for Virginia State Line, 240, 251, 252; biographical sketch, 44, n. z; legion of: services asked by Clark, 48; not available, 49, 52; letter from, to Clark, (referred to) 63. Dailey, David W., attends meeting, Board of Deputies, Illinois Regi- ment, 463, 464. Daily, Philip, deed issued, 460. Dalchurust, see Datcherut. Dalshicet, relations with Lynn, I96. Dalton, Hannah, bills in favor of, 2I6. Dalton, Capt. Valentine Thomas, bills: drawn by, 376, 377, 383, 39!, 399; in favor of, 216; bounty land, action on claims for, 42zo; Clark's orders to, zS; conduct of, comment on, zo6, 220; deed issued assignee of, 439, 461; describes conditions among British, 145; express from, to Clark, xoi; letter from, to Clark, 145-147; reference to, 85; pris- oner, 145, 146; message to, from Clark, zoo; supplies needed by, 37- Damewood [Deemwood], Boston, bounty land not granted, 42o; service in Illinois Regiment, 26; sum due for services, 266, 384. 514 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Daniel, Robert, ordered before Board of Deputies, Illinois Regi- ment, 428. Daniel, Stith, deed issued assignee of, 454. Daniel, Walker, biographical sketch, 192, n. I, bounty land: allowed, 419; claim protested, 427; claim re- jected, 431; interviews Virginia commission- ers, 309; killed, 425; letter from: to Clark, 246-248; to Virginia commissioners, 192- '94; member, Board of Trustees, Illinois Regiment, 413, n. I, 415, 417, 418, 425, 429; represents Clark, 247. Daniel, William, carries letter, r65. Danis, sum due for services, 263. Danville, Kentucky, founding of, I 92, n. I. Datcherut [Dalchurust, Datchurut], bill assigned to, 318; bill in favor of, 274, 275. Davidson, Capt. George, testifies before Virginia commissioners, 172. Davie, Robert, bounty land granted, 43!. Davies, Asael, bounty land granted, 422. Davies, James, bounty land granted, 42o; deed in favor of, 443. Davies, Robert, assignee of, 452. Davies, Samuel, father of William, 48, n. I. Davies, Walter, clerk in settling land claims, 429; deed issued, 442. Davies, Col. William, announces appointment of Virginia commis- sioners, i6o; asked for: boats, xxxv; cloth- ing, 2o; biographical sketch, 48, n. l; de- scribes state of treasury, 52; dis- courages expedition, 62; letter from, to: Clark, 51-54, 56-57, I25; Harrison, 48, 50, 63; Virginia commissioners, (men- tioned) 332; letter to, from: Campbell, 62-63, 121-123; Carney, 69; Clark, (referred to) lx, n. 3, 138-139, 177-178; Crittenden, 158; Croghan, (referred to) xxxix, n. 2, 71-73; Dick, (referred to) xxxii, n. 3; Gibson, Io8; Hardin, 79-8i; Todd, (referred to) I5; ordered to secure guns, 49; orders tax delivered, 164; reports on: artillery, 50; boats, 6i; sends supplies to Clark, 52, 56; transmits letter, 45, 63; warns against expenditures, 52-53, 57; warrants located for, 158. Davis, Capt. James, pay roll of, 328, 330, 405; sum due for horse, 391. Davis, Robert, sergeant in Illinois Regiment, 23. Dawson, bounty land granted, 42!. Dean, Charles, bill in favor of, 276. Dean, James, bounty land not al- lowed, 421. Debruil, purchases from, 326. Deemwood, see Damewood. Dejean [Degane, Dejein], Philip, bills of, 260, 362. Delaware Indians, accounts for board of chief, 383; assemble at Detroit, xxxiii; Irvine's expedi- tion against, 110; massacre pris- oners, 73, 8o; relations with Mo- ravians, xxxvii, 7I; retaliate Mo- ravian massacre, xxxix, xli; set- tlements penned up by, 3. INDEX De Leyba, Fernando, sends for Clark, xxii. Deloner, bill in favor of, 274. Delouri, sums paid for services, 255. Demmery [Demmory], Peter, sums due, 364, 404. Deneau, sum paid as Indian agent, 264. Denmore, Boston, before Virginia commissioners, 307, 308. Denton, Captain, breaks up station, 92. De Peyster, Major Arent S., advises retreat, liv; discusses conditions at Detroit, lviii; gifts to Indians, xxiii; letter from, to: Haldimand, (re- ferred to) xix, n. i, (referred to) xxxiii, n. 2, (referred to) liv, n. x, (referred to) lviii, n. I, (re- ferred to) lxi, n. 2; to McKee, (referred to) xxxvii, n. x, (re- ferred to) liv, n. 2; unaddressed, (referred to) xl, n. 2, (referred to) xli, n. 3; to, from: Haldimand, (referred to) xxvi, n. i, (referred to) lxi, n. x; McKee, (referred to) lvii, n. 3, lviii, n. 2; Maclean, (referred to) lviii, n. 3; informed of Clark's plans, xliii; sends party to Sandusky, xl, 78. Desertion, of troops, 172. Detroit [De Troit, Dutroyt], Ameri- cans endanger, 244; Bird returns to, xxiii; Clark's plans rumored at, xxxvi; Crawford's plans known at, xl; expedition against: abandoned, xviii, 13, i6; authorized, xxv; Crockett to assist in, 132, n. x; expected, lviii, 28, n. 1; expenses, 399; planned, xviii, xix, lxv, 78- 79, 117; postponed, xxvii; expedi- tion from: expected, xxix, 37, 43, 515 54, 65, 102; planned, lvi, 44, 63; to Sandusky villages, xl; fortification of, xxvi, xliii, 146, 147; importance of, xxv, xxvii; Indians: appeals from to, de- nied, lvii; assemble at, xxxiii, x89; Moravians at, xxxviii; trib- utary to, gifts made, xxiii; news from, 85; prisoners at, lxii, n. 2, 85, 104, 119, 127, 145, 350; reasons for Clark's failure to capture, lxiii; retreat to, pre- pared, liii, Rocheblave at, xxxiii; trade with, checked, 243; troops from, at Blue Licks, Io5. Detroit Indians, alliance with sought, 189. Deveneia, John, receipt in favor of, 375. Dewitt, Henry, bounty land granted, 420. Dick, Major Alexander, letter from, to Davies, xxxii, n. 3; relations of, to Jefferson, 155. Dickinson, Col. John, marries Nancy Tompkins, 187; order assigned, 391; sum due, 399. Disease, at Kaskaskia and Ste. Genevieve, 38. Dodge, Israel, claim for bounty land acted on, 420; endorses re- ceipts, 315; supplies copies of John Todd's accounts, 336. Dodge, Capt. John, accounts of, 6x, 270, 278, 336, 349, 362, 368, 379, 402, 472, 475; biographical data, 278; claim for bounty land acted on, 42o; Virginia commissioners: ap- pointed to assist, r68; summon, 217, 299; write to, 296. Doherty, see Dougherty. Dollars, Spanish milled, bill for, 297; specified, 312, 313. 5I6 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Dolten, see Dalton. Donaldson, see Donelson. Donally, Francis, voucher issued for rations, 4o9. Donelson [Donaldson], Col. John, biographical sketch, zoo, n. I; characterized, x63; recommended: by Bowman, l6o; by Logan, xo4; negotiations with Indians, 127, i89. Donnally, Sarah, voucher issued for rations, 409. Donne [Donnes], John, accounts, 270, 272, 273, 402. Donnelly, Andrew, sum paid for provisions, 280. Donnes, see Donne. Doran, Pat, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued, 442. Douan, Pierre, certificate issued to, 383- Doudle, Thomas, sum paid for ser- vice in Illinois, 282. Dougherty [Doherty], Edward, sum due for express, 411. Dougherty [Doherty], Frederick, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued, 442. Dougherty [Doherty], Neal, bounty land granted, 435. Dougherty [Doherty], Patten, deed executed in favor of, 439. Dougherty [Doherty], John, ac- counts payable to, 362, 404; bounty land claim acted on, 420; private Illinois Regiment, 26; captain: pay rolls of, 348, 35!; presents Patterson's claim, 36x. Douglas, John, appraisement of guns lost by, 34x. Douthitt, John, clerk, Board of Trustees, Illinois Regiment, 464. Downey, Capt. James, pay roll of, 348. Dowze, Edward, deed issued, 444. Drafts, see bills of exchange. Dragoons, in Shawnee campaign, pound;2X, 151; needed on frontier, iao; rations for, 360. Drake, James, assignee of, 463. Draper, Lyman C., notes by, on manuscripts, 89, n. 2, 92, n. I, 138, n. I. Drennon's Lick [Drening's, Drinn- ing's, Drinnon's], land near, sold for flour, 141; protection of, 184, 298; reports from, 67; spies to, 107. Drinkwater, William, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Drumgold, James, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Dry goods, bills drawn for, 312. Dudley, Armstead, bounty land granted, 421; deed issued as- signee of, 447; service with Illi- nois Regiment, 286; sum paid for service, 265. Duff, John, bounty land granted, 422. Dumay, from, Dumay, from, Dumay from, Ambros 381. Charles 38X. [Dumai; 382. Dunavan, John, Regiment, 23. e, taffia purchased , taffia purchased I, taffia purchased private in Illinois Duncan, David, sums due, 396. Dunlap, John, deed issued, 437; presents land claim, 435. Dunmore, Earl of, dissolves Vir- ginia House of Burgesses, I, n. 2. Dunmore's War, 5, n. 2, 32, n. x, 198, n. I, 249, n. 1. INDEX Dunn, Abner Martin, deed executed in favor of, 433, 436, 443. Dunn, Robert, bills drawn by, 283. Duplasy [Duplasi], bill in favor of, 274. Duralde, bill in favor of, 274. Durnow, Joseph, service of with Illinois Regiment, z86. Durst, Daniel, bounty land granted, 422; service with Illinois Regi- ment, 284. Dutroyt, see Detroit. Dyal, John, sum due for horse, 398. Eakin, Samuel, sum due for express service, 332, 412. East Bay, Ruddle's pay roll given at, 350. East Florida, boundary of British cessions to America, 2ig. Eastin, William, deed issued, 443; presents assignments for land claims, 439. Edmondson's, sums paid for expen- ses at, 272. Edwards, Frederick, agent of An- drew Crocket, 454. Edwards, John, member of Board of Trustees of Illinois Regiment, 413, n. I, 425, 428; testifies before Virginia commissioners, 311. Eighteen Mile Creek, excursion to, 88. Elinois, see Illinois. Elk horns, requested by Jefferson, 155. Elkhorn Creek, Wallace settled on, 291. Ellett, see Elliot. Elliott, Capt. Matthew, accounts of examined, 200, 323; expedition to Moravian Indians, xxxviii; rela- tions with Caldwell, 146. 517 Elliott [Elliot, Ellett], Robert, ac- counts of, 215, 283; relations with Clark, x43-144, 312. Elms, Ann, account of considered by commissioners, 35I. Elms, James, bounty land granted, 421; deed issued devisee of, 446; private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Elms, John, bounty land granted, 431. Elms, William, bounty land granted, 421; sergeant, Illinois Regiment, z5; sum due for beef, 352, 411. English, William H., Conquest of the Northuwest, 1778-1785, 254, n. 1, 414, n. I, 460, n. r. Enlistments, bounty for, 62, 225, 334, 335, 352, 353, 354; rum charged to, 379. See also Recruiting. Erie, Lake, boundary of British ces- sions to America, 219; Clark authorized to acquire, xxv. Erwin, see Irvine. Escridge, see Carr and Escridge. Escheator, of Fayette County, 344. Espy, Hugh, deed issued, 452. Espy, Sergeant James, sum paid for services, 255. Estill, Capt. James, account of de- feat, 369, 3go; pay roll of, 367. Evans, Charles, bounty land granted, 42i; private, Illinois Regiment, 25. Evans, Capt. Jesse [Jepe], accounts, 268, 282; bounty land not granted, 4X9; pay roll of, 288-289, 393. Evans, John, letter from, to Harri- son, 46-47- Express service, sums paid for, 254, 257, 258, 266, 270, 271, 272, 309, 310, 326, 336, 338, 359, 361, 364, 365, 381, 411-412, 470, 475. Faber, Hugh, bill in favor of, 280. Fagott, bill in favor of, 274. 518 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Falls of Ohio, Blackford at, I7; boats: bound for, 219; built at, 310; repaired, 1I37-138; British expedition against, xviii, xxi, xxii, xxiii, i89; Campbell at, 145, n. r; Clark at, xix, II, 21, n. 1, 30, 124, 125, 147, 149, 176, 359; danger of journey to, 292; distance from, to Detroit, i6; ex- penditures at, 137, 315, 333, 345, 365, 396; express from: 270, 333, 336; to: 266, 310, 324, 331, 336, 381; fortification of, xxvii, xxxi, lii, 9, i6, 19, 46, 102, 120, I6i, x88, 217, 227; importance of, xvii, 9, 55, 135; Indian parties near, IxS; lands opposite, ordered explored, 415; medicines for, 29; meeting at: of Virginia com- missioners, 166, 290, 296, 305; of Illinois Regiment commissioners, 4149 444; militia: pay roll of, 35I; ren- dezvous at, 239; work at Fort Nelson, 67; Owens at, 60; salt lacking at, 312, 354; supplies at, 16, III, 125, 143, 306, 362; tar sent to, 137; trade at, 196; troops: sent from, to Kaskaskia, 196; stationed at, allowed bounty lands, 430; whiskey sold at, 141. See al1o Fort Nelson and Louis- ville. Fanner, David, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 288. Farbush [Farbish], George, amount due for gun, 369, 404. Farbush [Farbish], Jesse, amount due for saddle and bridle, 369, 404- Farrier, Thomas, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Farris, Isaac, bounty land granted, 423; deed issued in favor of, 44i. Fauquier County, Virginia, militia of, to be prepared, 95; minute men of, 249, n. I. Favours, John, private in Illinois Regiment, 27. Fayette [Fyette] County, Bryan's Station in, xliv; Clark in, I56; expedition against, 135; exposed to attack, 103; grain of, for troops, I68; Indians raid, 59, 119; land in, of British subject, sold, 344; Marshall in, 124, n. I, 344; memorial from, 163, 323; militia: accounts of, 302, 303, 338, 340, 342, 350, 391, 399, 407; at Blue Licks, 90, 97, 98, 101; called out, 19; garrison duty, 230; join Lincoln militia, xlviii; losses of, 1o2, I06; officers of, address commissioners, 200; Todd colonel of, 5, n. I; protection of, 6, 184, 185, 188, 207, 208, 298; representation of, in House of Burgesses, 7, n. l; surveyor for, 300; tax in, lx, 164; Virginia commissioners meet in, 293, 299, 337; Wallace in, 29i, n. Fear, Edmund, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 460. Febeger, Col. Christian, letter from, to Davies, xxxii, n. 3. Fecklin, Thomas, sum due for rifle, 339, 408. Fees, for surveying bounty lands, 418. Fenwick, deed issued assignee of, 448. Ferguson, Benjamin, member, Board of Trustees, Illinois Regiment, 463. Ferguson, James, deed issued as- signee of, 463. INDEX Ferguson, William, lays assignment before board, 453. Ferguson, contest between heirs of discussed, 455; claim considered, 456. Ferriages, sum paid for, 254, 255. Fervor, John, bill in favor of, 278. Field pieces, not available, 49. Fields, Capt. Benjamin, brings horses to Clark, 39; sums due, 364, 366. Fieri facias, levied on Clark's goods, 247. Filson Club Publications, xliv, n. 2, xlv, n. I. Fincastle County, Virginia, repre- sented by Christian, rig, n. I. Finley, Samuel, bounty land granted, 431; deed issued assignee of, 447. Finn, James 0., accounts of, con- sidered, 354; assignee of Bush, 411; bounty land granted, 423; receipt signed by, 375; relations with Clark, 247; testifies before commissioners, 308. Fisher, Isaac, sum paid for expenses, 270. Fisher, Stephen, sum due for horse hire, 362, 404. Flags, sum paid for making, 267. Flandegin, service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Flanagan [Flannagan], Domenic [Domnic], accounts of, considered, 359; arrears of pay due, 309; bounty land granted, 423. Flax, bills for damage done fields of, 387. Fleming, Robert, sum payable for cow, 365. Fleming, Col. William, appointed commissioner to settle western accounts, xxxiv, n. 3, 33, 290; at- tends meetings of commissioners, 519 293, 294, 295, 296, 306, 317, 337, 344, 366, 371, 377, 380, 383, 392; authorized to fill vacancies, 34; biographical sketch, 32, n. I; letter from to: Clark, 305-306; Harrison, 117-118, 197-200, 215- 217, 290-293, 298-301, 321-324; Vincennes residents, 376-377; letter to from: Clark, i95; Harri- son, (referred to) xxxiv, n. 2, 32- 34, 13X-132; member Board of Deputies, Illi- nois Regiment, 413, n. I, 435; ordered to investigate Clark's conduct, 131-132; recommends powers be granted commissioners, 292; reports conditions in Vin- cennes, r17; takes over claims, 29. Flints, bills for, 255, 258, 270, 325; invoice of, I8. Floid, see Floyd. Flour, accounts, 254, 257, 260, 26i, 262, 270, 332, 334, 336, 349, 360, 371, 372, 373, 374, 389, 401, 407; demanded by militia, 77, 79; funds created by sale of, xxxvi, n. I, 29, 137, 170, 196; land ex- changed for, lv; needed, 13, 15, 38, 87, 176, 201, 245; supply of, z6, 2o, I42, x68, 169, M86, 2oo, 205, 219, 324; suspicious trans- actions in, 143; trade in, xxx, 35, n. 1, 49, 141; voucher for, 407, 410. Flour barrels, accounts for, 255. Floyd County, Indiana, lands in for Illinois Regiment, 413, n. I. Floyd's Fork, protection of, dis- cussed, 184. Floyd [Floid], Henry, bounty land granted, 42o; deed issued assignee of, 445. Floyd, Henry, Jr., deed issued, 445. 520 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Floyd, Isham, bounty land granted, 421. Floyd, Col. John, biographical sketch, x, n. i; Clark's troops join, 1o6; directs rope making, 66, 67; letter from, to: Clark, (re- ferred to) xxxvi, n. 2, 45-46, 58- 59, 6o, 66-67, 88, 106-107, 108-109, 137-138, 156; Crittenden, 47; May, (referred to) xxxvi, n. 5, 54-56; Nelson, 1-3; militia: accounts of taken be- fore commissioners by, 327, 388; advised concerning, 88; orders out, 67; reports on, 2, 45; on Shawnee campaign, lv, lvi, 150, 157; orders court martial, 60; prepares boats, 137; recommends: boat builder, 45; Crittenden, 47; defense measures, 2; expedition against Indians, 2, 3; Pyatt, 46; requests guard, 66; sends: McGee to Clark, 58-59; spies, 6o, 106, 107; sent to Clark, 123; spies report to, 1o0, 109; sum due for services, 358; supplies escort, 327; to ad- vise Walls, 218; voucher issued, 406. Floyd, Robert, sum due for services, 336; voucher issued, 412. Foakes, John, testifies before Vir- ginia commissioners, 308. Fontain, Joseph, bill in favor of, 375. Forage, sums paid for, 326, 340, 349; supplied by volunteers, 120. Forbes, Gen. John, Fleming serves under, 32, n. 1. Forbes road, Indian attacks along, xliii. Forks River, Truchey at, 146. Fort Chiswell, expenditures at, 386; ill conduct of troops at, 172, 173. Fort Clark, expenditures at, 255, 256, 257, 258, 265, 267, 287, 381, 383- Fort Cumberland, British expedition against, xxi. Fort Erie, Dalton at, 145; provis- ions transported from, 146. Fort Jefferson, cargo for, 310, 322; Carney quartermaster at, 311; Clark goes to, xxiv; William Clark at, 413, n. I; condition of troops at, 14; depositions regard- ing stores at, 307, 308; descrip- tion of, 4, n. x; erection of, xix; evacuated, xxvi, xxvii, n. i; expenditures: made for, ix6, 325, 333, 362, 363, 366, 412, 470, 475; Virginia reimbursed for, 466; Robert George in command of, 4, 77, n. 1, 313; Indians resent building of, 74, 103, 136; price of supplies for, 199; supplies for, 316, 326. Fort le Boeuf, armed vessel at, 146. Fort McClelland, Indians attack, 14, n. I. Fort McIntosh, rendezvous at, lviii, 149; troops at, xxx. Fort Nelson, British expeditions against, planned, xviii, xxxiii, xxxv, lvi; Clark at, xvii-xviii, 4, 6, 67, 88, 107, Iii; William Clark at, 413, n. I; construction of, xxvi, 198, n. I; condition of described, 201, 202, 203, 216-217; court mar- tial at, 6o; Crittenden at, 47; de- fense of, liii, 54; expenditures at, 139, 245, 315, 335, 352, 353, 370, 401, 470, 475; importance of, lii, lx, lxi, lxiv; letters from, 43, 44, 63-65; meeting of Illinois Regi- ment officers at, 414; I INDEX Fort Nelson (cont.) militia at: meets, 45; refuses to march, xxxvi; supplies for, 17, 87, i68, 2o6, 332; troops: ordered recruited at, 354; rendezvous at, 138; on Shaw- nee expedition, lv; Virginia re- imbursed for maintaining, 466; Walls commands, 141, 325. See also Falls of Ohio, Louis- ville. Fort Patrick Henry, expenditures made at, 324, 377, 378, 380, 383. Fort Pitt, Brodhead commands, xxvi; Campbell commissary at, 145, n. x; cannon to be sent from, 20; Clark at, 42; expenditures for, 270, 271, 272, 326; expeditions: against, xviii, xix, xxi, lvi, 43, n. 1, 95, 189; from, xxxvii, liii; fails to protect Kentucky, i19; Hardin at, 79; Indians at mas- sacred, 58; Indian atrocities near, xxxviii; Irvine at, 103; Knight at, 8o; letter from, 71, 76, io8, I I0, III, xI6, 123, 149, (referred to) i58, news from, 1s2; spies to, 147; supplies at, 52, z86; supplies from, 200, 324; trade at, 143; troops at, xxix, 127; troops from, fight on Lake Erie, 85. Fortune, Rosa, receipt in favor of, 375- Foster, William, bounty land granted, 431. Fox, Maria, heir of, 46i. Fox, Samuel, heir of, 46i. Fox Indians, employed by British, xxii. France, fleet of, aids Washington, iI; peace with, signed, 221; troops of, in Virginia, xvii, 49, 52. 521 Frazer, Abraham, enlistment bounty due, 353; sergeant in Illinois Regiment, 26. Frazer, Daniel, claim of, considered 453. Frederick County, county lieutenant of, letter to, from Harrison, 95- 96; militia: ordered to be ready, 95; quotas not filled, 142; natural history specimens from, 135. Fredericksburg, see F r e d e r i c k County. Freeman, Elisha, assignee of, 460. Freeman, William, heir of, 460. I Freeman, William, bounty land granted, 421. French, at Vincennes, resent Clark's actions, 132; disaffection of, 216, 292; horses stolen from, 117; in- terpreter, pay for, 349, 355; mi- litia, at Vincennes, xxi; relations with Chickasaw, 74, 75; ruin Vin- cennes barracks, 176. French, Henry, accounts, 276, 363, 41i; bounty land not allowed, 423. French and Indian War, Fleming's service in, 32, n. I. French Lick, meeting with Indians at, proposed, xoo; provisions scarce at, 23o; treaty negotiated at, 223. Frogget, William, bounty land granted, 426. Froman, Captain, relations with Clark, 87. Frost, Stephen, bounty land granted, 422; deed for land allowed, 446. Froman, Paul, ordered to supply salt, 354-355- Frowman, Jacob, bill incurred with, 363. Fuel, bills for, 270. ! Fulkeson, Philip, deed issued, 450. 522 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Funk, Henry, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 446; service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Fur, purchased by Clark, x90. See also Peltries. Gagnia, Lewis, bounty land granted, 419; private in Illinois Regiment, 26. Gaines [Gains], Ingery, deed issued assignee of, 458. Gaines, John, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Gaines [Gains], Nathaniel, deed issued assignee of, 458. Galleys, see Boats. Galvez, Governor Bernando de, in possession of Pensacola, xxviii; protects Legras, 38. Gamelin, Antoine, bill in favor of, 275; sums paid as Indian agent, 257, 279. Garden, John, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Garrisons, in Kentucky, taxes for support of, 227; see also Ken- tucky. Garrott, Robert, bounty land granted, 423; deed issued, 442. Gaskill, Thomas, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Gaskins, Thomas, bounty land granted, 419; deed issued as- signee of, 450. Gatliffs, Capt. Charles, pay roll, 409. Gayler, Gasper, bounty land granted, 426; assignee of, 459. Genesee Towns, expedition against, liv. George, Capt. Robert, accounts of, 216, 266, 272, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 334, 402; attends meeting Illinois Regiment officers, 414; bills drawn by, xxxiv, 4, 178, 179, 199, 208, 283, 308, 312, 313, 322; biographical sketch, 77, n. I; bounty land granted, 419; conti- nentals with, not granted bounty land, 421; dealings with Barbour, investigated, 4, n. I, 33, 312-317, 322-323; deed issued, 436, 442, 446; discusses conditions at Fort Nelson, Zos; letter from to: Todd, (referred to) xxxvi, n. 3, 77-78, 79; letter to, from: Pollock, 4, n. 2; negotiations with Chickasaw, 136, I66, I7I1 213, 299; pay roll of, 335, 394, 395; trouble of, with militia, 77, 79. Germantown, battle of, Jonathan Clark at, i2, n. I. Getliffs, Capt. Charles, pay roll of, 39'. Gibault, Father Pierre, accounts of, 2I1, 256, 264; letter from: mentioned, 367; to Virginia commissioners, 209-210; relations with Monbreun, 41, n. I; services to Virginia, 2 1. Gibert, John, bills incurred with, 264. Gibson, Col. John, accounts, 271; accompanies Irvine, Io8; expedition of, against Wyandot: planned, xxvi; abandoned, xxix; letter from, to Davies, Iog; succeeds, Irvine, xxxi; threatened, 58. Gibson, John, trader, account with Virginia, 272, 276, 393; asks pay- ment of bills, 153; bill held by, protested, 4o; letters from, to Clark, 40, 153, 173; property of to be sold for debt, 173; sells sup- plies, 143. INDEX Gillespy [Gillaspy, Gillaspie, Gilli- spy], William, accounts of, 283, 297. Gilmer, James, accounts of, 391. Gilmore, George, bounty land granted, 421; assignee of, 452. Gilmore, James, deed issued, 452. Girault, Capt. John, accounts of, with Virginia, 256, 275, 319, 355; attends meeting of Illinois Regi- ment officers, 414; bounty land granted, 420; deed issued, 443; pay roll of, 336, 355, 393; service with Illinois Regiment, 22, 26-27, 32, 286. Girty, Simon, employed by British, 146; present: at Bryan's Station, XlVi, xlvii, 1ox, II2; at death of Crawford, 72, 8o; at Sandusky, xlii, 76; relations with Reynolds, xlviii; troops under, 122. Givin, William, bounty land al- lowed, 426. Givings, Lieutenant, killed at Blue Licks, 102. Glass, Michael, bounty land granted, 426. Glenn, David, bounty land granted, 422, 434; summoned before com- missioners, 305, 306; sum due for express service, 336, 422. Gloucester, Cornwallis at, IO. Gnadenhutten, founded by Morav- ians, xxxviii; see also Moravians. Godfrey, Francis, bounty land granted, 420; deed issued as- signee of, 452. Godin, Peter, bill in favor of, 275. Gondolas, construction of, 64. Gooding, Stephen, bills drawn by, 283; bill in favor of, 319. Goodwin, William, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued, 455, 459, 462. Gordon, Capt. Henry, at Battle of Blue Licks, go; killed, 102, 112. Gordon, Capt. John, pay roll of, 368. Governor, of New Orleans, 38. Graham, James, sum paid for ser- vices, 265. Graham, Lowry, private in Illinois Regiment, 27. Grain, for troops, x68; scarcity of, 175. Grant, Israel, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 31I, 304, 410. Grant, Jane [Jeane], accounts of, with Virginia, 332, 403. Grant, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 31, 304, 410. Grappling iron, bills for, 255. Grassett, see Gratiot. Grate, bill for, 270. Gratiot [Grassett], Charles, ac- counts of, with Virginia, i8o, 253, 256, 275, 324, 344, 377, 380, 383; relations with Jonathan Clark, I87; transmits accounts, 28; car- ries letter, 178, I86. Gravrod, supplied Dalton with ne- cessities, I47. Gray, George, James Gray heir of, 452. Gray, James, heir to George Gray, 452. Gray, Capt. Joseph, witnesses ill conduct of troops, 172. Gray, Simpson, assignee of, 452. Great Britain, activity of at Vin- cennes, 243; appropriation by for explorations, 250; American pris- oners in service of, 147, 350, 392; asserts weakness of frontier, 206; Clark's plans influence, xxxii; 523 524 ILLINOIS HISTORICCAL COLLECTIONS Great Britain (cont.) control of: Mississippi sought, xviii, xxi; northwestern tribes, xx, xxii; Ohio region, feared, xxx; west, xvii; danger from, to Illinois, 2I6; expeditions against: Fort Nelson, xviii, xxi, xxiii, xxxiii, xxxv, Ivi, 43, n. I; Fort Pitt, xix, lvi, I89; Illinois, xx, 64; Kentucky, xliv, I5, 44; St. Joseph, 28, n. I; St. Louis, xxii; Sandusky, xl; Wheeling, lii; influence of feared, 154; in- trigue suspected, 7i9; land of subjects sold, 344; Legras in ser- vice of, 35, n. I; losses at San- dusky, xli; officers of, 76, 85; orders Indian hostilities stopped, 149, I7I; parliament of, resolu- tions, 78; peace with signed, 219, 221, 229; plans for, 17, 82, I45: plans of ministry, 122, 220; posts: burned by Clark, 152-153, I57; destroyed, lvi; Indian com- munication with, 55; garrisoned, 239; reduced, 418; surrendered, 221, 228; Virginia reimbursed for conquering, 466, 468; prisoners of, 7I, n. I, 145; re- lations of with Indians, xviii, xxi, xxii, xxiii, xxvii, xxxiii, xxxviii, lvi, lviii, lxi, 74, 122, 204, 236, 237, 241; sergeant guards stores, 146; sincerity of suspected, 213; treat- ment of prisoners, 104; troops of, xxxvii, 14. Greathouse, H., assignee Of, 463. Greathouse, Isaac, deed issued as- signee of, 463. Greathouse, William, bounty land granted, 422; heir of, 463. Great Island, removal of Indian agent from, 187. Great Point, landing near, 235. Green Briar, see Greenbrier. Green, James, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Green, Jarvis, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Green, John, bounty land granted, 422. Greenbrier County, distance from, to Falls, Pi endangered, 3, 65, 119; militia: accounts, 280, 294, 338, 360, 388, 409; ill conduct of, a72- 173; rations for, 293; volunteers to be raised in, t2e. Greene, General Nathanael, letters to, from Harrison, (referred to) xxix, n. a, (referred to) 127; operations of in South, xxviii, XXiX, 12. Greenup, Christopher, assignee of, 460. Grey, George, bounty land granted, 422. Griffin, Cyrus, commissioners re- port to, 465. Griffin, William, deed issued as- signee of, 452. Griggs, Daniel, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Grimes, John, bounty land granted, 420; private, Illinois Regiment, 25. Grinding stone, left at Fort Jeffer- son, 326. Grolet, Francis, bounty land claim disallowed, 42o; service of in Illinois Regiment, 26. Grolet, Francis, Jr., bounty land claim acted on, 420; service of in Illinois Regiment, 26. Grundy, George, sum due for ra- tions, 332, 409. Guion, see Guyon. Gun boats, carronades needed for, 52; Clark ordered to build, xxxi, 20; militia refuses to serve on, INDEX Gun boats (cont.) 77, 79; supplies for, 49. See also Boats. Gun flints, invoice of, 17. Gun powder, bills for, 255, 258, 266. Guns, bills for, 94, 326, 340, 341, 354, 360, 369, 382, 384, 389, 398, 404, 407, 408. Gunst, David, appraisement of prop- erty of, 357. Guthrie, James, deed issued, 447. Guthrie, William, bounty land granted, 431; deed issued, 442. Guyon [Guion], Frederick, claims as comissary, before commission- ers, 368, 397; receipt drawn by, 375- Gwathmey, John, meeting at house of, 454. Gwathmey, Owen, biographical sketch of, 13, n. I. Gwyn, William, deed issued, 44z. Hack, William, assignee of, 460. Hacker, John, bounty land granted, 421; claims of, investigated, 464. Hagan [Haggan], John, sum due for horse, 364, 404. Haldimand, General Frederick, at- titude toward Indian gifts, xxiii, n. 2; letter from, to: DePeyster, (re- ferred to) xxvi, n. I, (mentioned) lxi, n. I; letter to, from: DePey- ster, (referred to) xix, n. I, (re- ferred to) xxxiii, n. 2, (referred to) liv, n. I, Ivii, n. i, (referred to) lxi, n. 2; orders provisions collected, xxxvii; relations of, with Indians, I88. Haldimand Papers, lvii, n. 3. Halifax, garrison at, xvii. Hall, Capt. Daniel, pay roll of, 329, 405. 525 Hambleton, John, appraisement of mare of, 341. Hamilton, Governor Henry, boats of taken, 379; capture of, xxii, 244; expedition of 1779, xx; pris- oner, 12, n. 2, 2x, n. I. Hamilton, Robert, accounts with Virginia, 327, 403, 405. Hammit, James, bounty land granted, 426. Hammon, Edward, accounts with Virginia, 304, 410. Hampshire County, militia: ordered to be ready, 95; quota not filled, 142; Neville from, 69. Hand, General Edward, relations with Crawford, xxxix. Handcock, Stephen, sum due for horse lost, 390. Handcuffs, bills for, 255. Hand mills, left at Fort Jefferson, 326. Hannastown, attacks on, xliii, 8o, IO. Hanover County, Virginia, Nelson dies in, 1, n. 2. Hansbrough, Morris, accounts with Virginia, 331, 410. Hanson, I. R., accounts with Vir- ginia, sum paid for sundries, 267. Hardin's Settlement, conditions at, 45- Hardin, Francis, bounty land claim acted on, 420, 426. Hardin [Harding], John, boats built by, 6x, 69; letter from, to Davies, 79-81. Hargis, John, sum paid for beef, 268. Harlan [Harlen, Harlin], Major Silas, accounts of, 270, 296, 389, 390, 411; at Blue Licks, 98; bounty land granted, 422; corn- 526 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Harlan, Major Silas (cont.) mands Lincoln County militia, xlviii; characterized, 122; killed, li, 102, I12. Harlan, deed presented assignee of, 441. Harmond, Anthony, bill in favor of, 374. Harness, invoice of, 17, I8. Harris, James, bounty land granted, 422. Harris, John M., assignment claim presented, 44o; deed issued as- signee of, 452. Harris, Mahue, bounty land granted, 43X. Harris, Robert, sum due for horse, 390. Harris, Samuel, assignment for claims presented, 44o; bounty land granted, 431. Harris, Sam, Jr., assignment for claims presented, 44o. Harris, deed in favor of, 439. Harrison, Governor Benjamin, asked: for lead, 215; for troops, 99; to call out militia, 64; to pro- tect frontier, 97, 113, Ix6; to pro- vision returned captives, 183; to relieve Clark, x40; authorizes: building gun boats, 20; calling out militia, 19, 95-96, 123, 125, 126, 128; fortifications, lix, 19, 134, 171, 206-207, 208; negotiations with Indians, 171, 223; sale of provisions, 20; biographical sketch, i9, n. x; censures Clark, lii, 131-132, 134; commends: Clark's services, lXiii, 20, 181-182, 224, 245-246; Kentucky militia, x8x; comments on: Blue Licks, x26, 127-128; Clark's failure to erect forts, 126, x28; Indian offensive, 222; Shawnee campaign, 171; Virginia accounts, 226; describes state of treasury, xxviii, xxix, xxxv, 49, 6I, 148, 222; discourages Indian expedi- tion, 62; exonerates Clark, 209; Fort Nelson described to, 203; inquires concerning: Clark's conduct, 132-133; Linctot, 159; instructions asked from, 136, 189; letters from, to: Boone, 128-129; Clark, (referred to) xxxi, n. 2, 4, (referred to) xxxvi, n. 4, (re- ferred to) lii, n. 2, (referred to) lxii, n. 2, (referred to) lxiii, n. I, 19-21, 49-50, 133-135, 159, 170- 172, 181-182, 206-207, 209, 221- 224, 245-246; county lieutenants, 95-96, 123; Crocket, 132-133; Fleming, (referred to) xxxiv, n. 2, 32-34, 13x-132; Greene, (re- ferred to) xxix, n. 2; House of Burgesses, 65-66; Logan, 125-127, 180-181 ; Mathews, 130-131; Speaker, House of Delegates, 154, 166-167; Todd, 127-128; Virginia commissioners, 207-208; Virginia delegates in Congress, 148, 226; Zane, Si; to, from: Boone, 98-99, 113-114; Bowman, 99-io0; Christ- ian, I18-12x, 187-188; Clark (re- ferred to) xxxiii, n. 5, (referred to) xxxv, n. 3, liii, n. I, (referred to) liv, n. 4, (referred to) lx, n. I, 44-45, 63-65, 135-137, 140, 157- 158, x6x-163, 164-165, 203, 212- 2Z5, 228-230, 235, 235-236, 236- 239, 240-243, 243-244, 246, 248; Crockett, xxxii, n. 2, 142-144; Davies, 48, 50, 63; Evans 46-47; Fleming, 117-118, 290-293; Ir- vine, iIo-iii; Linctot, 28-29; Logan, 101-i04, (referred to) INDEX Harrison, Governor (cont.) 117; Martin, 189-19o; Nathan, i69-170; Preston, 231-232; Steele, (referred to) lii, n. I, 96-97, 315- II6; Todd, 59-60, I-113; Vir- ginia commissioners, (referred to) lx, n. 4, 197-200, 215-217, 298- 301, 321-324; Wood, 183; memorial to, from Fayette County, z63; negotiations with Chickasaw, 100, 127, z66; offered troops, 120; orders: examinations of ac- counts, 33, 134-135; lead, 228; officers to report breach of orders, 128; payment of Clark's accounts, 245; tax delinquents to do mili- tary service, 137; places letters before Council, 321; recommends: councillor, I68; measures for frontier defense, 65; uniform Indian policy, 130. relieves Clark of command, 245; requested to requisition ar- tillery, 50; sends: blank commissions, 127; lead, 224; supplies, 49; Virginia commissioners report to, 290, 401-403. Harrison, Col. Benjamin, accounts of, 299, 475; biographical sketch, 271 n. 2. Harrison, Jerry, assignee of, 454. Harrison, John, applies for land tract, 437; deed issued, 443, 451. Harrison, Lawrence, father of Wil- liam, 27i, n. I. Harrison, Lt. Richard, attends meet- ing of Illinois Regiment, 414; bounty land granted, 42o; deed issued assignee of, 448; relations with George, 77, n. I. Harrison, Thomas, sum due for flour, 360. Harrison, Col. William, accounts, z68, 271, 281, 299; biographical sketch, 27I, n. I; death, 76, 79, 8o; prisoner of Shawnee, 73. Harrod, Col. James, accounts with Virginia, 266, 363, 411; losses of at Blue Licks, 94; recommended for commission, 103. Harrod, William, amount due for pay a-bstract, 258; bounty land granted, 419; deed issued, 439, 443. Harrods Old Trace, Indians retreat by, I09. Harrods Station, lead stored at, 173. Harrodsburg [Harrodstown], Clark closes land office at, xxiv; Crit- tenden at, 7; meeting of Virginia commissioners at, lix, n. 3, 291, n., 293, 299; men killed at, 9I; troops from, at Bryan's Station, xlviii. Hart, Daniel, bill in favor of, 277. Hart, Dr. George, accounts of, con- sidered by commissioners, 359; bounty land claim, acted on, 42!. Hart, John, losses of at Blue Licks, 94- Hart, see Butler and Hart. Hart, Capt. Nathaniel, pay roll of, 346- I Hatten, Ann, deed issued, 464. Hatten, Christian, grant of bounty land allowed, 42I. Hatten, Christopher, claims of heirs investigated, 464. Hatten, George A., deed issued, 464. Hatton, Henry, bounty land claim disallowed, 423. Hats, lack of, for troops, 14; sent Clark, 52. Hawkins, John, countersigns pay roll, 287. Hay, Andrew P., member Board of Deputies, Illinois Regiment, 464. 527 528 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Hay, transmits letter, 117. Hays, James, bill of exchange In favor of, 392; losses of, at Blue Licks, 94. Hays, Thomas, bounty land granted, 426; private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Hays [Hayses), Capt. William, ac- counts with Virginia, 304, 410; pay roll of, 349. Hazlerigg [Hazeltrigg], Captain, pay roll of, 302, 407. Hearndon, David, accounts with Virginia, 343. Heckewelder, John, Moravian mis- sionary, xxxvii. Helm, Will, accounts with Virginia, 267. Helm [Helms], Capt. Leonard, ac- counts, 254, 258, 263, 264, 266, 268, 273; bills drawn by, 264, 283, 319, 380; bill in favor of, 378; bills certified by, 262, 267, 315, 320, 378; bounty land granted, 419; promissory note from, 376; relations with Legras, 35, n. x. Hemp, needed, 66, 67; payment in, 170; warehouse for, 235, 406. Henderson, Alexander, bills drawn by, 283. Henderson, William, asked to in- spect stores, 294; letter from, to Harrison, 114. Hening, Statutes at Large, 413, n. i. Henley, David, commissioner to settle Virginia claims against United States, 465, 469, 471, 477. Henkston, John, accounts with Vir- ginia, 41'. Henry County, troops to be raised in, 121. Henry, David, assignment for land claim presented, 439; bounty land acted on, 423. Henry, Moses, accounts with Vir- ginia, 267, 268, 319, 369-370. Henry, Hugh, land claim, 443. Henry, Isaac, bounty land granted, 423. Henry, John, grant of bounty land allowed, 423; deed issued heir of, 452. Henry, Governor Patrick, attitude toward conquest of northwest, 413, n. I; military policy, xxv; relations with Montgomery, 21, n. I; removes Campbell, II, n. i. Henry, Samuel, assignee of, 452. Henshaw, William, mill of, 143. Heron, James Gordon, deed issued, 448- Herrod, see Harrod. Hesse, Capt. Emanuel, British leader, expedition to St. Louis, xxii. Heth, Andrew, member Board of Deputies, Illinois Regiment, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439- Heth, William, commissioner to liquidate Virginia claims against the United States, 465, 468-469, 470. Hickman, Capt. Lewis, pay roll of, 331, 406. Hickman River, militia at, go. Higgins [Higgans], Barney, bounty land granted, 426, 445. Hills, Capt. Hardy, accounts with Virginia, 270; pay roll of, 329, 405. Hillebrant, James, bounty lands granted, 421; private Illinois Regiment, 25. Hilligas, Michael, claim of pre- sented, 434; deed issued, 437. Hinch, John, losses at Blue Licks, 94- INDEX Hinch, Samuel, sum due for mare, 359, 403- Hinds, Capt. Andrew, accounts, 389; pay roll, 4o6. Hinkston, John, accounts with Vir- ginia, 360. Hinton, Evan, accounts with Vir- ginia, 276, 410. Hinton, Mary, accounts with Vir- ginia, 360, 411. Hite, Miss, marries John Clark, 58. Hite, Capt. Abraham, assists in set- tling land claims, 428; deed is- sued, 441. Hite, Isaac, accounts of, considered by Virginia Commissioners, 358, 409; deposition of, 305, 327; pre- sents papers to Virginia commis- sioners, 296; subpoena on exe- cuted, 306. Hoe, bill for, 364. Hogan, Edward, accounts with Vir- ginia, 361, 411. Hogan, James, accounts with Vir- ginia, 302, 403. Hogan, Capt. William, pay roll of, 302, 407. Hoglan, Henry, accounts with Vir- ginia, 272, 384, 404. Hoglan, James, accounts with Vir- ginia, 384, 404. Hoglan, Richard, sum due for spy service, 384. Hogs, sums paid for, 272. Holder, Captain John, at Blue Licks, 89, 1o0. Holdman, Henry, bill in favor of, 276. Holdston, see Holston. Holker, John, deed issued, 439, 440, 441, 442. Hollis, Joshua, service with Illinois Regiment, 288. Holman, Edward, sum due, 332. 529 Holmes, Colonel, provisions re- turned captives, 183. Holmes, James, bounty land granted, 422; land claim, 443; services with Illinois Regiment, 284. Holston River, Baker settles near, 280, n. z; blockhouse at, 231; dis- tance from to Falls, 55; express from, 270; Indian agent removed from, 187; march from, 238; sup- plies sent by way of, 48. Holt, Captain, carries letter, 158. Honaker, Frederick, 449. Honaker, Henry, bounty land granted, 423; assignee of, 455. Honaker, P., bounty land granted, 424; deed issued assignee of, 449. Hooper, Thomas, bounty land granted, 420; private, Illinois Regiment, 23. Hoops, Adam, deed executed, in favor of, 433, 436, 442, 443. Hoosard, John, service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Horn, Christopher, claim for bounty land disallowed, 424; enlistment bounty due, 353; private in Illi- nois Regiment, 26. Horses, bills: for, 94, 256, 268, 297, 327, 334, 340, 341, 342, 359, 360, 36i, 362, 364, 365, 366, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 397, 398, 403, 404, 406, 407; for feeding, 311; for hire of, 256, 258, 259, 260, 263, 304, 332, 336, 339, 343, 345, 368, 369, 389, 403-404; for searching, 258; for shoeing, 385; captured, 217; eaten, 6i; fur- nished commissioners, 33; guard- ed against theft, 173; needed, Is; return of, from Jefferson County, 365; stolen, 2, 54, 84, 85, roo; 530 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Horses (cont.) supplied by volunteers, I20; un- authorized use of, 172. Hospital, bills for sundries for, 257, 267, 268. Hostedler, Shem, deed issued, 463. House, Andrew, bounty land grant- ed, 422; heiress of, 458. House, Ingerey, heiress of Andrew House, 458. Houses, burned by Indians, 96. Houston, Capt. Nathan, pay roll of, 347. Howard, Lamel, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Hoy, Captain, at Blue Licks, 92. Hubberdeau, accounts with Vir- ginia, 264, 274, 275. Huching, John, recommended to meet with Indians, Ioo. Huckelberry, George, assignment to approved, 462; deed issued, 447, 458. Huckelberry, George, Jr., produces assignment for lots, 459. Hughes [Hughs], James, bounty land granted, 422; assignee of, 453; deed issued, 449. Humble, Capt. Michael, pay roll of, 364, 406. Humphries, Samuel, bounty land, granted, 423; land claim, 44i; service with Illinois Regiment, 284. Hundly, John, accounts with Vir- ginia, 282. Hunter, Charles, appraisement of property lost, 341. Hunter, Jacob, appraisement of property lost, 340, 341. Hunter, Joseph, claim for bounty land disallowed, 423; sum due, 362. Hunter, protests bill, 153. Huron, Lake, boundary of British cessions to America, 219. Huron Indians, peace negotiations with authorized, x82. Hutchings, Stephen, member Board of Deputies, Illinois Regiment, 463. Hutton, Henry, sum due for ser- vices, 363. Hyne, Captain, pay roll of, 388. Illinois [Elinois], accounts: owed for support of troops in, 62, 190; rule for settle- ment of, 194; see also Clark, Commissioners for settlement of western accounts; attempt to drive American traders from, 28, n. I; British ex- peditions against, xxi, xxii, xxiii, lvi, 64, 189; Clark: expedition of, against, 12, n. 2, 426; relations with gov- ernor of, 242; see also Clark, George Rogers. conditions in, 31, 37, 216-217; crops in fail, xx; danger to, 213; expense of, to Kentucky, xz6; ex- press to, 320, 411; Gibault vicar general of, 212; importance of Fort Nelson to, lxiv; Indian agent in, 159; inhabitants of: grievances of, 193-194; present claims of, 367; loss of, threatened, 204; mes- senger from, 299; notary public for, 192; reinforcements brought to, 34, n. x; Rocheblave governor of, 147; rumors of attack from, 65; scale of depreciation for, bills paid in, 225, 301, 319, 320, 371, 372, 373, 375, 397, 398; Todd in, 226; trade with, xxi; troops in: Montgomery com- mands, 21, n. i; supplies for, 200, INDI Illinois (cont.) 314, 315, 323, 326; Virginia's ex- penditures for, reimbursed, 475. Illinois Regiment, accounts of, see Commissioners to settle western accounts; condition of, 201; depositions, 309; dissipation of stores of, 305, 307; Jefferson County men in, 56; letter from, to General Assembly, 233-235; muster roll of, 21-27; officers in: 32, 41, n. x; conduct of, 305, 371; meeting of, 239; pay rolls of, 284, 286-287, 288- 289, 343, 393, 394, 395; petition: for confirmation of land grant, 233; for relief, 308; qualification for bounty land claims, 419; supplies for, 311-312, 313; surgeon to, 396. See also Bounty Lands. Illinois Regiment, Board of Com- missioners, for disposal of bounty lands, appointment of, 414; appoints: agent, 414, chairman, 463, 464; clerk, 435, 443, 450; commissioners, 425; surveyor, 418, 450; functions, 414-415, 427; mem- ber of, 192, n. z; orders surveys, 415, 418; petitions for specified lands, 416; proceedings of, 414- 464; provides for sale of lots, 435. Illinois River, military operations on, xxii, 28. Immigration, into west, xxxiv. Imprisonment, false, suit for, 247. Indian agents, accounts of: Deneau, 264; Dodge, 472; Gamelin, 257; Henry, 370; Martin, 281; at Cahokia, 28, n. I; Croghan serves as, 7i, n. I; Linctot serves as, 159, 230; power of to draw 531 bills, 292; removal of recom- mended, 187. Indian affairs, superintendent of, II, 381. Indians, accounts incurred in behalf of, 28, 159, 256, 259, 262, 263, 264, 267, 271, 272, 370, 372, 381, 382, 383, 470, 472, 475; at Blue Licks, li, 92, 98, 127; at Bryant's Station, xliv, 89, 96; at Detroit, 147; at Vincennes, 244; attacks by, xxvii, xxxiv, xxxviii, xliii, xliv, li, 14, n. I, 54, 55, 59, 8o, xo8, 110, 115, 119, 143, 145, n. 1, x65, 176, 202, 220, 230, 231, 342; avenge Moravian massacre, 77; British: control of, xx, xxii; employ, xix, xxii, xliv; gifts to, xxiii, lvii; relations with, xviii, xxxiii, lvi, Iviii, lxi, 44, 122, 213, 236, 237; captured, 101; Clark's plans in- fluence, xxxii; council of expected to declavre war, 65; cut off trade, 243; danger from, 2, I , 37, 43. n. I, 119, 204; data on, wanted by Jefferson, I55; defeat: Crawford, 78; Estill, 390; militia, xlv; department for control of, xx; disaffection among, xViii, 2I6; expeditions against, xix, n. 3, XXiV, XXVii, lXi, 2-3, 5, n. 2, 12, n. 3, 62-63, 71, 72, 77, I08, 110, i8i, 205, 222-223, 227, 228, 235, 245, 293, 297, 298, 389; friend- ship of sought, 3; guard Miami, 146; gunboats used against, xxxi, I6; horses stolen from, 84; injure crops, 314; kill: William Christian, I18, n. I; Walker Daniel, 192, n. I; 532 ILLINOIS IIISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Indians (cont.) lands: in Illinois, ceded, 193; negotiations for, lxi, 136, 170; massacre of, 58; negotiate for peace, xxxiii, 127, 189-190; peace treaty's effect on, 221, 229; peo- ple urged to drive out, x29; pris- oners taken by, 145, 146, 349, 350, 353; relations with: French, ioi; Monbreun, 41, n. I; Virginia, 241 ; ruin Vincennes barracks, 176; spies, xl; steal horses, 2; sup- plies needed by, 37; torture Crawford, xlii, 72; trade with, 234; uniform policy toward recommended, 130-131; whiskey for, 84; warfare of halted, 149, 158, 16o, 171, 188. See also, Cherokees, Chickamauga, Chick- asaw, Chippewa, Chocktaw, Creek, Delaware, Detroit, Fox, Iroquois, Lake, Menominee, Miami, Motavian, Ottawa, Sauk, Shawnee, Sioux, Waupunocky, Winnebago, Wyandot. Indiana, bounty lands in, 413; Clark County lots ordered surveyed, 458. Infantry, in Shawnee campaign, I11; pay roll of, 288, 398; re- duced, 30; reorganized, 5o. Interpreters, bills incurred for, 262, 263, 309, 349, 355, 376, 379, 470, 475. Invasion Law, recourse to, 96. Irby, James, bounty land granted, 423; land claim, 442. Iron beak, left at Fort Jefferson, 326; bills for, 270, 324, 335, 363, 371, 374, 401; work, bill for, 265. Iron Banks, Chickasaw resent set- tlement at, 123; deposition re- garding stores at, 307; Fort Jef- ferson located on, 4, n. i; papers, referred to commissioners, 296. Iroquois, peace with Americans rumored, xxxvi. Irvin, Ananias, steals lead, 173. Irvine, Capt. John, pay roll of, 347. Irvine [Erwin, Irwin, Irving], Gen- eral William, at Fort Pitt, 69, 71; authorizes destruction of San- dusky towns, xl; biographical sketch, 76, n. x; intentions of un- known, 157; joint expedition with Clark: countermanded, 149, i56, i58, 164, 18r; planned, xliii, liv, lviii, 87, 103, 1o8, 110, x16, 120, 122, 127, 136, 139, 140; letter from, to: Clark, lii, xx6- 117, 123-124, 149; Harrison, i1o- ii; Lincoln, (referred to) xliii, n. 2; McKean, (referred to) xxix, n. 3; Morris, xxx, n. I; Wash- ington, (referred to) xxxix, n. x, (referred to) xlii, n. 1, 76-77; letter to, from: Clark, (re- ferred to) lvi, n. x, 87-88, 152- '53; reports: condition of frontier, i zo; condition of troops, xxxi; Crawford expedition, 76; disaf- fection in Pennsylvania, 154; retaliatory expeditian urged on, 77; sends: messenger, 123; supplies, III; supplies and troops for, 117. Isaacs, John, bounty land granted, 423; deed issued, 447. Jackson, John, assignee of, 459. James, Abraham, bounty land granted, 423. James, James Alton, George Rog- ers Clark Papers, xviii, n; xix, n; xx, n; xxi, n. i; xxv, INDEX James, J. A. (cont.) n ; xxvii, n. I; xxviii, n. X; lxiv, n. 3; 1, n. 1; 4, n; 5, 11. 1; TI, n; 20, n. I; 2x, n. r; 28, n; 36, n. I; 39, n. 1; 40, n. 1; 77, n. I; Ill, n. 2; 195, n. 2; 413, n. I ; "George Rogers Clark and De- troit, 1780-1781," xxx, n. 2. James River, settlement on, 3. Janis [Janist], Captain, bill in favor of, 275, 381. January, Ephraim, appraisement of horse of, 340. January, James, appraisement of horse of, 341; bounty land granted, 422 ; assignee of, 461. Jarrald, James, bounty land granted, 43x. Jarratt, James, claim for bounty land disallowed, 420. Jefferson County, conditions in, 1-3, 55; importance of Fort Nelson to, lx; Indians threaten, li, 6, 54, 165 ;Kincheloe's Fort in, burned, 1o4; land claims from, to be sent deputies, 417; land sales on court day of, 432; letters from, 54, 197; lieutenants of: letters to, 227- 228, (referred to) 296; to order out militia, 227; magistrate of, issues certificate, 315; militia: accounts, 404-407; called out, 19, 45, 230; Floyd col- onel of, I, n. x; in Shawnee cam- paign, ISO; pay of, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 334, 388, 389, 399; records of, 335, 358, 364, 406; protection of, 6, 114, 184, 217, 298; return of horses taken from, 365; sheriff of: executes subpoenas, 308; sum due, 370; strength of, 56; surveyor's 533 office opened, 3oo; Virginia com- missioners in, 349. Jefferson, Governor Thomas, ac- cepts bills, 148; acknowledges specimens, 250; appoints Linctot Indian agent, 159; attitude of, toward: extension of Canada, xxv; Fort Jefferson, xx; authorizes attack on Detroit, xix, xxv; bill of exchange pro- tested by, 372, 373, 374; calls for volunteers, xxvi; characterizes Clark's enemies, 155; commissions: Floyd, x, n. I; Rogers, 12, n. 2; commissioner to Paris, 249; letter from, to: Clark (referred to) xxv, n. 1, 155-156, 250-251; Martin, (referred to) xxi, n. I; Speaker, House of Delegates, (re- ferred to) xx, n. x; letter to, from, Clark, (referred to) xx, n. 2; Todd, (referred to) xx, n. 3, 30- 31; Washington, (referred to) xxv, n. 2; plan for conquest of Northwest submitted to, 413, n. i; relations with Clark, 178; requests natural history specimens, 155; suggests western explorations, 250. Jerrards, William, certificate to, 383. Jesamin Creek, land on sold to Crockett, 344. Johnson, Edward, sum due for ser- vices, 333. Johnson, John, bounty land granted, 420; sums due, 352, 366. Johnson, Sir John, biographical sketch, 146, n. I. Johnson, Capt. Robert. accounts with Virginia, 339, 343, 403, 410; pay roll of, 303, 407. 534 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Johnson, Samuel, accounts with Virginia, 338, 409, 412. Johnson, Sir William, biographical sketch, 146, n. x; Croghan Indian agent under, 71, n. x; relations with Butler, 147. Johnson, William, returns of, on stores, 353. Johnston, Andrew, bill of exchange in favor of, 392. Johnston, Edward, bounty land granted, 421; private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Johnston, John, private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Joines, John, bounty land granted, 42o; sergeant in Illinois Regi- ment, 25. Joneast, sum paid for supplies, 256. Jones, Charles, assignment for land claim, 439, 442; bounty land granted, 422. Jones, David, bounty land granted, 421; deed issued assignee of, 455. Jones, John, deed issued assignee of, 442; land claim granted, 426. Jones, Matthew, accounts of, with Virginia, 354, 370; bounty land granted, 421. Journal of Virginia House of Dele- gates, xxviii, n. 2, 15. Joyes, Patrick, deed issued, 436, 442; deed issued assignee of, 449. Joyes, Thomas, deed issued, 461, 462. Joynes, John, enlistment bounty due, 352. Justices, recommendations for, Io. Karny, see Carney. Karr, Robert, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 404. Kaskaskia [Kaskasky], accounts in- curred at, 255, 259, 260, 263, 41i2, 472; bounds of, 193; Clark's ex- pedition against, xviii, lxiii, 21, n. 1, 233; Charleville officer in, 36, n. z, 195, n. 2; Chickasaw peace overtures from, 136; court: letters to, I65, 296, 321; creditors of Virginia in, sum- moned, lix, n. 3, 323; disease in, 38; district of, recommended, 193; express: from, 266, 320, 349, 381; to, 336; George at, 77, n. x; Gibault from, 367; importance of Fort Nelson to, lxv; inhabitants of, present grievances, 200; Linctot at, 29; messenger to, 299; Mon- breun at, 4I, a. x, 42; public stores at, 308; qualifications for land claimants at, 419; trade at, 195, 196, x99; troops to, 196; Winston at, 3!. Kaskaskia Indians, destruction of, planned, 18g; taffia for, 258. Keener, Christopher, sum due for enlisting, 353. Kellar, Abraham, accounts, 256, 268, 333, 355; bounty land granted, 419; captain in Illinois Regiment, 22, 32; company of, 23; deed issued heir of, 445; pay roll of, 361, 394; service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Kellar, Isaac, appears before Vir- ginia commissioners, 307, 308; bounty land granted, 420; ser- vices with Illinois Regiment, 284. Kellogg, Louise Phelps, documents contributed by, 70, n. 1, 87, n. I; 133, n. I, 170, n. I; Frontier Ad- qance on the Upper Ohio, z8z, n. 2; Frontier Retreat on the Upper Ohio, 34, n. I, i98, n. 1, 280, n. I, 453, n. I. Kelly, Emanuel, appraisement of saddle lost by, 342. i i I I INDEX Kelly, Samuel, accounts with Vir- ginia, 338, 342, 40g; certificate for horse lost, 342. Kendall, Benjamin, bounty land granted, 422. Kendall, William, bounty land granted, 426. Kenell, sum paid for services, 267. Kennedy, Lieutenant, killed at Blue Licks, 102. Kennedy, Patrick, accounts of, with Virginia, 266, 3X8, 355, 373, 375, 383; petition of, rejected, 425. Kenton, Simon, bounty land granted, 422; assignee of, 451; pay roll Of, 348. Kentucky, attacks on, xxvii, xxxiv, li, II, 3I, 63, 65, 115, 119, 149, 230; British expeditions against, xxiii, xliv, lii, lvi, 43, n. I, 189; captives return to, 183; condi- tions in, xxiv, 96, 122, i88, 20i; constitutional committee, member of, 145, n. x; county lieutenants of, advise Clark, xxvii; courts, judges of, 291; Crittenden in, 7, n. I; destitute families in, 356; disaffection in, 54, 162, 204; ef- fect of peace on, 229; endangered, 129; expenditures in, futile, 103; Fleming in, 32, n. I; flour for, xxx; fortification of, xx, lxi, 2, 15-17, I6i, 183, 184-186, 204; governor promises protection, i29; horses unable to journey to, 387; importance of Shawnee cam- paign to, 2ax; lands in taken up, lix; lead sent to, 229, 231; Logan in, 5, n. 2; Madison in, 28z, n. 2; militia: accounts, 282, 296, 360, 388, 469, 477; capture of, 350; defeated, xlv; drafted, 8; in Shawnee campaign, i8o; pay roll, 364, 367, 39I; plan to increase, 535 177; praised, 158; rendezvous of, 64; protects Virginia, 3; reports from, 67; separation of, from Virginia, 29 I; n.; settlers in, lix, 27!, n. 2, 29i, n.; spies to, 107, 147; state senate, speaker of, 145; supplies furnished Clark, liv; taxes in, 227; troops: at Blue Licks, I; at mouth of Licking, lv; ill conduct of, 172; to be supplied by, xix, 206; Virginia forces in, commanded by Slaughter, 198, n. x; volun- teers, accounts for support of, 267. Kentucky Gazette, advertisement in, 430. Kentucky River, lands on, 141, x65; mouth of: fortification of, xxvii, xxxi, liii, lx, 5, 8, 16, 19, 120, 126, 128, 134, 135, i68, 177, I84, x86, 206, 208, 227, 229, 298, 305; gal- ley sets off to, 70; militia at, 77; importance of, 9, r6; provisions on, 6; rendezvous at, 229, 238; settlements on, xliv, 31; travel by way of, I85. Kerr, William, bounty land granted, 420. Kettles, bills incurred for, 270; pub- lic, at salt works, 312, 355, 410. Key, George, bounty land granted, 426. Key, Thomas, assignment of land claim, 442; bounty land granted, 426; deed issued assignee of, 459. Kina, Christopher, private in Illi- nois Regiment, 26. Kincades, Capt. Joseph, pay roll of, 346. Kincheloe's Station, Indians raid, Ii; 104, 108. S it) I.11INOIS IIIS'l'()RICAIL (XCOLLEiCfON.S' King, (Ceorgr, service of with llli- 10)is Regiment, 284. King, Johin, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 388, 404. Kinig, William, deed issued assignee Of, 455. Kiikead [Kincade, Kinkade, Kin- cisid], Capt. Andrew, pay roll of, 3.15, 356. Kinkead, Capt. James, bounty land not allowed, 423; company of, at Blue Licks, go; killed, 102, 112; service of, with Illinois Regi- ment, 286. Kirkhams, Capt. Samuel, pay roll of, 347, 348, 356, 357; sum due, for hoe, 364. Knight, Dr. John, escape of, from Indians, xlii, 72, 76; narrative by, of Crawford's massacre, 8o-81, 108. Knives, for troops, 315. Knox, Col. James, opinion of, re- garding Fort Nelson, xxiii, n. 3, lxv. Kohos, see Cahokia. Labadie, sums paid for lead, 255. Labor, bills incurred for, 254, 255, 256, 258, 263, 265, 266, 271, 310, 311, 325, 332, 333, 338, 339, 36i, 365, 366, 370, 374, 384, 4o8. Lacassagnee, Michael, deed exe- cuted in favor of, 439, 440, 44x, 4.43; land plat mislaid by, 450. La Chance, papers of presented to commissioners, 372. Lacroix [LeCroix], I. B., accounts of, with Virginia, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 268, 275, 380. Lacourse, Jacob, sum paid for taffia, 266. Lacy, Isiah, deed issued, 449. Ladles, melting, invoice of, ig. L.afarlow, Frances, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Lafayette, Marquis de, at York- town, Xvii. Laffont [Lafont, Lefang], D)r. Jean Baptiste, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 6r, 256, 264, 274, 275. Lake Indians, appealed to for aid, lvii; at Bryant's Station, xliv; defense against recommended, 8; employed by British, xl, 37. Lake of the Woods, boundary of British cessions to America, 219. Lake Posts, to be garrisoned, 239. Lam, William, loss of at Blue Licks, 94. Lamothe, Captain Guillaume, at Detroit, xxxiii; plan of defense, xxxiv, n. x. Lands, bounty: claimants for, adver- tised, 417; for Virginia troops, 44, n. x; granted, 233; memorial re- specting, 240; proceedings of Board of Commissioners, Illinois Regiment, regarding, 413-464; qualifications for claimants, 418- 4r9; surveyors of, 251, 252, 418; claimants for, disappear, 114; Clark's sold for provisions, i64; exchanged for flour, lv, 141; Kentucky, taken up, lix; negotia- tions for, with Indians, lxi, 136, 170; of British subjects, sold, 344; on Ohio, 4o; seizure of, recom- mended, 238; value of, xxxiv; Virginia cession of western, 465; warrants for, received, 300. Land office, at Harrodsburg closed by Clark, xxiv. Lang, John, deed issued assignee of, 455. Langtot, see Linctot. Lansdale, Elizabeth, heir of, 461. INDEX Lansdalc, William, heir of, 461. Lanterns invoice of, 18. Larose, Francis, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Lasley, John, service with Illinois Regiment, 288. Laugherry, Jee Lochry. Laulpe, bill in favor of, 274, 275. Lavasseur, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 259. La Viollette, Franqois, recommended to Clark, 176. Laurence [Laurences] Creek, garri- Son, at, recommended, 8. Lawrence [Laurence], Jamess, ac- counts of, with Virginia, 360, 4o0. Lay, Wtainwright, accounts of, with Virginia, 343. Lead, bills incurred for, 255, 258, 266; 270; Clark requests, 215; invoice of, 18; needed, I5, 92, 176, 201, 202, 217; ordered for Clark, 224, 228; sent to Kentucky, 229, 231; stolen, 172, 173; supply of, 16; Virginia furnishes Cherokee, 131. Lead mines, letter from, 228. Leare, William, grant of bounty land allowed, 426. Leas, William, assignee of Robert George, 436. Lecase, Jackway, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Le Compt, Louis, bill in favor of, 275. Le Croix, see Lacroix. Lee, Richard Henrv, military policy of, xxv. Lee [Lees], Sergeant Richard, pay roll of, 331, 4o6. Lees Town, provisions at, 6; sum due for storehouse at, 339. Lefang, see Laffont. 537 Lefevre, bill of exchange in favor Of, 319. Leggings, for troops, 142. Legislature, see A.sembly. Legras [Ie Gras], Col. J. m. P., accountS, 244, 264., 266, 275, 279, 282, 318, 319, 367, 374, 375; bio- graphical sketch, 35, n. 1; letter from, to: Clark. 35-37, 81-83, 174-175; letter to, from: Virginia commissioners, 4referred to) 296; reassures inhabitants, 376; re- lations of with Truchev, 146; re- quests supplies, 175-176; reports: conditions in Illinois, 38; conditions in Vincennes, 83, 175-176; Indian raids, 83; rumor of British expedition, 38; thanks Clark, 38. Lemon [Lemons], John, assignment of land claim of. 42; bounty land allowed, 419; private in Illinois Regiment, 27. Lemoureux. certificate for. 382. Lesley, John, bounty land granted, 423. Levenstone, George. service of with Illinois Regiment. 284. Leveridge, John, claim to bounty land disallowed, 421: service with Illinois Regiment, 286. Levine, Ensign, bill for board of, 259. Leviston, George. private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Lewis, George. deed issued assignee of, 451x Lewis, John, deed issued, 442. Lexington, beef stored at, con- demned, 294; fort in, expendi- tures for, 4oS; fortified, 59; let- ters from, 8, 29, 30. 59. 96. 113, 115. 159, 165. 167; Logan at, 91; 538 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Lexington (cont.) McClain commissary at, 337; meeting of Virginia commission- ers at, lix, n. 3, 291, n., 293, 299, 337; messenger sent to, xlv; mi- litia at, go; protection wanted for, 1114; Levi Todd at, 89; troops from: at Bryan's Station, xlviii; disbanded, li. Licking Creek, attacks on, 165; Crockett needed at, 31; Girty re- treats to, xlviii; land on: locations of, i6o; sold for flour, 141; mouth of: Clark at, lvi, 152; fortification of, xxxi, liii, 8, x6, 102, 114, r20, r26, 128, 129, 132, 134, 135, x6r, i62, 164, I68, 171, 184, 185, i86, I88, 207, 298, 305; galley on, xliv; Irvine at, I24; rendezvous at, xxiv, i4o; troops at, lv. Licking Station, attack on, 59, 350. Lickledg, William, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Lieutenant colonel, grant of bounty land to, 424. Limestone Creek, fortification of mouth of, xxxi, lx, 8, x6, 19, 114, 128, 129, 132, 168, 184, 185, x86, x88, 200, 207, 208, 298, 305, 324. Lincoln, Major General Benjamin, letter to, from Irvine, (referred to) xliii, n. 2. Lincoln County, county lieutenant of: accounts of, 300; Bowman serves as, 99, n. 2; letters to, 227-228, (referred to) 296; Daniel in, 292, n. i; Indians raid, 54; land claims for received, 417; letters from, 99, 1ox, (referred to) 117, 138, 157, i6i, t64, x67, 172, 177, 212, 215; Logan in, 5, n. 2, 345; McDowell in, 317; militia of: accounts, 345, 346, 347, 350, 35!, 355, 357, 365, 367, 368, 369, 387, 390, 39!, 399, 4127; at Blue Licks, 90, 97, 98, 359; at Bryan's Station, xlviii; called out, 19, 91, 227; garrison duty of, 230; losses of, 102; marching orders, 43; officers, 5, n. 2, 112; on Shawnee campaign, 150; protection in sought, 2, 184, 298; Virginia commissioners meet in, 294, 327, 336, 344; Wallace represents, 291. Linctot [Linetot], Capt. Daniel Maurice Godefroy, accounts of with Virginia, 28-29, 159, 244, 253, 268, 278, 324, 375, 380, 381, 382; biographical sketch, 28, n. I; letter from, to Harrison, 28-29; services of, 230. Lindsay [Lindsey], Arthur, bounty land granted, 422; assignees of heirs of, 459. Lindsay [Lindsey], Fulton, deed is- sued, 452; deed issued assignee of, 459- Lindsay, James, voucher issued for beef, 41 '. Lindsay, John, ordered to purchase supplies, 43. Lindsay, Joseph, accounts, 31, 273, 399; accounts to be investigated, 299; characterized, 122; killed at Blue Licks, o02, II; letter to, from Clark, xxxvi, n. I, 43, 87; losses of at Blue Licks, 94; ordered to encourage boat build- ers, 43; supplies requested from, 87. Lindsay, Mrs. Joseph, lays papers before Virginia commissioners, 295. INDEX Linen, bills incurred for, 254, 382; substitute for canvas, 52. Linen, John, bounty land granted, 422. Lines, see Lynn. Linetot, see Linctot. Liquor, bills incurred for, 256, 272, 312; monopoly of, lvii, n. x; sup- ply for troops, 143. Little, John, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 339, 340, 354- Little Falling River, Wallace preaches at, 291, n. Livingston, bounty land granted, 421. Lockard, Archibald, accounts of, with Virginia, 326. Lockhart, Major Patrick, district commissioner of Botetourt, 295. Lockhart [Lockert, Lockett], Pleas- ant, bounty land granted, 423; deed issued assignee of, 445; ser- vice with Illinois Regiment, 286. Locklin, Peter, claim for bounty land acted on, 423. Lochry [Laugherry], Col. Archibald, defeat of, xxx, 142-143. Logan, Col. Benjamin, accounts, 357, 369, 387, 410; at Blue Licks, xlix, li, 90, 91, 93, 97, 98; bio- graphical sketch, 5, n. 2; captures British posts, lvi, 157; character- ized, I22; commended, I8o; county lieutenant, Lincoln County, xlviii, xoi, 302; encampment of, i6o, 172; express from, 99, xiS; express to, 333; garrisons: delayed, Io; opposed, 5; ordered to build, 9; gives information, 347; letters from, to: Clark, 5-6, 34- 35; Harrison, loi-1o4; letter to, from: Harrison, I25-127, I80-I8I; Mc Gary, 91-92; Trigg, 90-9I; lists property lost at Blue Licks, 94; message to, 89; on Shawnee campaign, ISO; Quirk at camp of, 173; pay roll of, 345, 346, 350, 355, 369; recommended to nego- tiate with Indians, ioo; recom- mends Indian offensive, 103; re- ported dead, 3 I; reports: attack on Bryan's Sta- tion, i02-i03; battle of Blue Licks, 135; British treatment of prison- ers, 104; scheme to displace, 92; Virginia commissioners at home of, 366, 376. Logan, Hugh, claim for bounty land acted on, 420, 423; private in Illi- nois Regiment, 26. Loganstown, Shawnee at, 31. London County, militia of, to be prepared, 95. Long Island, letter from, 189. Long, John, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 342, 343, 403; Long Lake, boundary of British ces- sions to America, 2i9. Long, Philip, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Long Reach, Craig at, 13. Looking glasses, for troops, 315. I Louise, John, bill for expense of, 264. Louisiana, Galvez governor of, xxviii. Louisville, Campbell at, 145, n. 1; Clark at, xxvi, 7, 8; Clark's papers at, 299, 300; Jonathan Clark settles at, I2, n. I; fortifi- cation of, protested, 114, 1I6; lands opposite, for Illinois Regi- ment, 234, 413, n. I, 4i6; meeting at: of Board of Commis- sioners of Illinois Regiment, 417, 418, 425, 426, 428, 429, 430, 431, 539 540 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Louisville (cont.) 432, 433, 434, 441, 443, 44.4, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 455, 456, 458, 462; of field officers, 8; of Virginia commis- sioners, lix, n. 3, 29i, n.; Quirk at, 34, n. i; rank of officers at, 32. See also Falls of Ohio, Fort Nel- son. Love, Joseph, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 369, 404. Lovell, Richard, bounty land grant- ed, 420; drummer in Illinois Regi- ment, 26. Luberdor, relations with Lynn, 196. Lucas, Abraham, deed issued, 446. Lunsford [Lunceford], Anthony, private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Lunsford, George, bounty land granted, 420; private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Lunsford, Mason, assignment of claim of, 44o; bounty land granted, 420; deed issued assignee of, 442; private in Illinois Regi- ment, 24. Lunsford, Moses, accounts of, with Virginia, 352, 411; bounty land granted, 419; deed issued, 442; private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Luzader [Lusader], Abraham, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 446. Lutrell [Lutterell], Richard, assign- ment of land claim, 439; bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 441. Lynn, Col. William, accounts of, 195-197, 199, 215, 283, 299, 321, 323, 371; bounty land granted, 419, 426; deed issued assignee of, 439. M'Afee, George, accounts of, with Virginia, 296. McAfee, James, accounts of, with Virginia, 359, 392. McAfee, Capt. Samuel, pay roll of, 348, 351. McAfees Station, accounts for com- missary at, 359. McAnnally, Sergeant, paid as pri- vate, 351. McAno, Robert, accounts of, with Virginia, 398. McBride, Isaac, bounty land granted, 431; claim assigned, 462; deed issued, 459. McBride, Captain William, at Blue Licks, go; killed, 112; pay roll of, 346. McCampbell, Samuel, member, Board of Commissioners, Illinois Regiment, 463, 464. McCarty, M., accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 269. McCarty, Capt. Richard, accounts, 256, 259, 267, 268, 275, 283; bio- graphical data 31, n. i; bounty land granted, 419; captain, Illi- i nois Regiment, 31; deed issued heir, 441; pay roll of, 355, 395. McCarty, Thomas, bill for services, 389, 404. McChel, John, private in Illinois Regiment, 25. McClain, Alexander, accounts of, with Virginia, 337, 412. McClain, Daniel, commissary ac- counts, 337, 408, 409. McClure, Alexander, horse sold to, 366. McClure, John, land of British sub- ject sold to, 344. McConnell [McConnalle], Alexan- der, account payable, for spy ser- vice, 339. McConnell, James, accounts of, with Virginia, 338, 339, 408. INDEX McConnell, Capt. William, accounts, 303, 340; letter from, to Harri- son, 113-114; pay roll of, 340, 407, 408. McCracken, Isaac, carries letter, 89. McCracken, Capt. William, pay roll of, 356. McCrae Co., bill in favor of, 275. MacCorkle [Mc Cracken], Cap- tain, carries letter, 121. McCullough, Christopher, deed is- sued, 449. McCullough, James, accounts of, with Virginia, for beef steer, 343. McDeade, Richard, service with Illinois Regiment, 286. McDermit [McDermoth, McDer- morth], Francis, accounts, 307, 338; bounty land granted, 420; private in Illinois Regiment, 23. McDonald, David, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued, 442. McDonald [McDonnald], Lt. Fran- cis, pay roll of, 340, 408. McDonald, Henry, accounts of, with Virginia, 410. McDonald, John, accounts of, 338, 411; deed issued assignee of, 451. McDowell [McDowal], John, ac- counts, 392-393; letter from, to Clark, i65-I66; secretary, Vir- ginia commission, 293; signs de- position, 197. McDowell, Judge Samuel, biograph- ical sketch, 29i, n.; in Lincoln County, 317; letter from, to: Clark, 305-306; Harrison, 197-200, 215-217, 298- 301; residents of Vincennes, 376- 377; member, Virginia commission to settle western accounts, xxxiv, n. 3, 290, 293, 294, 295, 296, 306, 54' 337, 344, 366, 371, 383, 392; rela- tions of, with Marshall, 124. McFall, John, examined by Virginia commissioners, 312. McGar [McGarr], John, accounts of, with Virginia, 333, 334, 412; bounty land granted, 421. McGary [McGeary], Major Hugh, accounts, 343; at Blue Licks, xlix, 1, 90, 92, 93, 98; characterized, 122; commands Lincoln militia, xlviii; letter from, to Logan, 91- 92. McGavock, invoice of military stores received from, 17. McGee, Thomas, accounts of, with Virginia, 270, 282; court martial of, 58, 6o. McGee's Station, location of, xliv. McGlochland, Charles, service with Illinois Regiment, 284. McGuire, Francis, deed issued to, 449. McGuire, John, bounty land granted, 423; trouble of, with militia, 77. McGuire, killed at Blue Licks, 102. McIntire, Alexander, bounty land granted, 431; assignee of, 463. McIntosh, James, service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. McIntosh, Gen. Lachlan, relations of with Crawford, xxxix. McKean, Thomas, letter to, from Irvine, (referred to) xxix, n. 3. McKee, Capt. Alexander, British leader, advised to retreat, liv; designs of on Wheeling, xliv, 43, n. i; letter from, to: De Peyster, (re- ferred to) lvii, n. 3, (referred to) lviii, n. 2; letter to, from: De Peyster, (referred to) xxxvii, n. I; 542 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS McKee, Capt. Alexander (cont.) in Shawnee town, 146. McKinn, James, claim for bounty land disallowed, 423. McKinney, Daniel, sum paid for services, 271. McKinney, James, deed issued, 455. McLocklin, Charles, bounty land granted, 420. McLoney, John, deed issued, 453. McMurtry, John, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. McMurtry, Lieutenant, killed at Blue Licks, 102. McMullin, Samuel, bounty land granted, 422. McManess, George, bounty land granted, 431. McManess [McManesse, McMan- nassee], John, Sr., assignment of land claim, 446, 462; bounty land granted, 43I. McManess, John Jr., bounty land granted, 43I. McNut, James, bounty land granted, 422. McPherson, William, deed executed in favor of, 443. McWhorter, William, voucher is- sued for rations, 40g. Maamma, see Miami. Machan, carries letter, I83. Mackinac, see Michillimackinac. Maclean, Brigadier General Allan, letter to, from De Peyster, Iviii, note 3. Madison, James, biographical data, 281, n. 2; letter from, to Harri- son, (re.erred to) 154; relations with Martin, ii, n. 2. Madison, Major Gabriel, accounts of, 386, 475; at Blue Licks, 90, 92; deed issued, 436; Floyd sends greetings to, 138; losses of, at Blue Licks, 94; pay roll of, 348; with Clark, 138, 157- Madison, Capt. Rowland, action of, on Nathan's bills, 148; accounts of, x68, 281, 295, 299, 363, 364, 383, 384, 385, 387, 388, 391; bio- graphical sketch, 28i, n. 2; guards stores, 173. Madison, Thomas, accounts, 386. Mafield, Micajab, bounty land granted, 419; private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Magazine, beef in condemned, 294; for Lexington, 59; kept by Bap- tise, 146. Magistrates, laxity of, in Illinois, 193. Mahan, Alexander, sum due, 360. Mahanaine, letter from, 187. Mahony, Florence, assignment of land claim, 442, 459; bounty land granted, 431. Maid, Ebenezor [Abenezor], ser- vice of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Maiser, see Ste. Genevieve. Major, bounty land granted to, 424; to command infantry corps, 30. Mallet, Pierre, order in favor of, 383. Malloy, Thomas, deed issued, 446. Malvert, bills in favor of, 2i6. Mammoth, tusks of, Jefferson de- sires, 250. Man, Isaac Jr., signs Ruddle's pay- roll, 350. Manafee [Manifee, Manefey], James, accounts of, with Virginia, 265. Manchester, artillery at, 50. Manifee, Jonas, assignment of land claim, 442; bounty land granted, 423; service of, with Illinois Regiment, z86. INDEX Marea, Madam, sum due as Indian interpreter, 379. Mares, bills for, 94, 334, 340, 341, 342, 359, 361, 369, 384, 385, 393, 398; bill for hire of, 338. Marie, Antoin, bill in favor of, 378. Marin, Dalton meets, 145. Marines, need clothing, 86; pay roll for company of, 333. Maragouin, Indian chief, at Vin- cennes, 84, 85. Marr, Patrick, bounty land granted, 426. Mars, Alexander, at meeting, Board of Commissioners, Illinois Regi- ment, 463, 464. Marshall, Lt. Humphrey, to super- intend surveyors, 240. Marshall, John, biographical sketch of, 249, n. I; certificate of ser- vice, 350; claim for horse, 366; father of, I24, n. x. Marshall, Col. Thomas, biograph- ical sketch of, 124, n. I; Critten- den recommends, 249; discusses garrisoning of Kentucky, x83-184; letter from, to: Clark, i83-x86; Harrison, 321-324, 401-402; letter to, from: Boone, 124-125; member, Virginia commission to investigate western accounts, xxxiv, n. 3, 290, 293, 306, 317, 337, 344, 355, 380; surveyor, I58; testimony re- garding Fort Nelson, xxiii, n. 3. Marshall, William, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286; sums due for spy service, 304, 407. Marshon, Nathaniel, assignment of land claim, 459. Martain, see Martin. Martin, Benjamin, sum due for horse, 390. 543 Martin, Charles, bounty land granted, 426. Martin, Hugh, sum due for beef, 337, 410. Martin, Capt. John, pay roll of, 351, 357- Martin, Col. Joseph, accounts, 28I; biographical sketch of, xI, n. 2, 28I, n. I; dispatches to, not de- livered, 223; Indian agent, x87, 213; Indian talk to be sent to, '7'; letter from, to: Harrison, 189- I90; letter to, from: Jefferson, (mentioned), xxi, n. x; superintendent, Indian affairs, xi; to negotiate peace with Chick- asaw, 127. Martin, Pearce, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Martin, William, sum due for ra- tions, 337, 409. Martin's Station, destruction of, xxiii, xlvii; sums due for losses at capture of, 360. Maryland, routes of travel from, x85. Mason, George, letter to, from Clark, (referred to) xviii, n. I, (referred to) xviii, n. 3, (referred to) xix, n. 2; military policy of, xxv; plan for conquest of North- west submitted to, 413, n. I. Masterson, James, accounts of, with Virginia, 339, 342. Masteson, Richard, summoned be- fore Virginia commissioners, 306; deposition of, 307. Mathews, Edward, claim for bounty land disallowed, 421; assignee of, 451. Mathews, Governor, of South Car- olina, letter to, from Harrison, 130-131- 544 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Mathews, Colonel, relations with: Christian, 187; Jefferson, 155. Mauray, Edward, bounty land granted, 420. Mawmy, see Miami. Maxwell, John, accounts of, with Virginia, 254. May, John, accounts of, 307, 364, 404; Clark referred to, 68; de- position of, 190; letter to, from Floyd, (referred to) xxxvi, n. 5, 54-56; carries letter, 56. Mayfield, Elisha, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Mayfield, Isaac, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Mayfield, James, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Mayfield, Michaja, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Mayland, John, deed issued, 433, 436, 442. Mazure, Pierre, certificate in favor of, 320. Mead, Ebenezer, claim for bounty land not allowed, 423. Meal, Indian, bills for, 262. Meat, bills for, 334, 362, 390; con- tracts for, authorized, 222; lack of, at Fort Nelson, 201, 202; pro- cured by hunting, x68, 217; salt for curing, 20. Medicine, bills for, 368, 396, 397; purchase authorized, 29. Menafield, Jonas, sum paid for ser- vices, 258. Menaze, Marie, bill in favor of, 275. Menominee Indians, employed by British, xxii. Meredith, Lawrence, account of, with Virginia, 366. Meresham, Abraham, deed issued, 451. Meresham, Nathaniel, bounty land granted, 426; deed issued heir of, 451. Meriweather [Meriwether, Merrey- weather, Merriweather], James, accounts, 278; bounty land al- lowed, 420; deed issued, 444; deed issued assignee of, 448; land of, assigned Croghan, 440. Meriweather, Maj. Thomas, adver- tises meeting, 239; memorial to be drawn up by, 240; represents Virginia Line, 251, 252. Meriweather, carries news of peace treaty, 221. Meriwether, William, bounty land granted, 426. Meiser, see Ste. Genevieve. Miami Indians, Clark's expedition against, 299; employed by British, liv; protection against desired, 234; town of described, 146. Miami [Mawmy, Mimami], River, boats for, 43; British gunboats on, xliv; Clark's expedition up, advised, 8; distance from, to Falls, 55; garrisons at, discussed, 8, 64, 156; guarded by Indians, 146; letter from, 152; Lockry's party destroyed on, 143; marines on, 86; military operations on, xxiii; portage at head of, burned, 157; posts on destroyed, lvi; tribes on, fear Clark, lxv. Michigan Pioneer and Historical Collections, xix, n. I; xxiii, n. a; xxiv, n. i; xxxiii, n. 2, 3; xxxiv, n. x; xxxvii, n. I; xl, n. 2; xli, n. I; xliv, n. I; liv, n. i, a; lvii, n. i; lviii, n. I, 3; lxi, n. 1, 2. Michillimackinac, British retreat to, xxii; Clark plans expedition against, xix; fortification of, INDEX Michillimackinac (cont.) xviii; troops from, xxi-xxii, 28, n. I. Miles, Michael, assignment of land claim, 442; bounty land granted, 426; service in Illinois Regiment, 26. Militia, accounts, 277, 280, 282, 300, 302, 303, 350, 368, 389, 409, 470, 475; Augusta County, 95, 29i, n.; Beargrass, 67, io6; Berkley County, 96, 142; Botetourt County, 125, 126, 127, 134; called out, 19, 54, 64, 123, 125, x26, 127, 129, 134, 218; classifi- cation of, recommended, 177; Culpeper County, 95; delayed, 66; delinquents in- cluded in call, 227; desertions, 78, 79, 142; Fauquier County, 95; Fayette County, xlviii, 5, n. I, 19, 90, 97, 98, 101, 102, xo6, 230, 302, 303, 338, 340, 342, 350, 391, 399, 407; Frederick County, 95, 142; garrison duty of, 9, 67, 168, i69, 200, 205, 207, 227, 230, 324; Greenbrier County, 172, 280, 293, 294, 338, 360, 388, 409; Hampshire County, 95, 142; ill conduct of, 172, 173; Jefferson County, x, n. I, 19, 45, 150, 230, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 334, 335, 358, 364, 388, 399, 404-407; Ken- tucky, xlv, 8, 64, 158, 177, I80, 282, 296, 350, 360, 364, 367, 388, 391, 469, 477; lack training, III; law, I; Lincoln County, xlviii, 5, n. 2, 19, 43, 90, 91, 97, 98, 102, 112, 150, 227, 230, 345, 346, 347, 350, 351, 355, 357, 359, 365, 367, 368, 369, 387, 390, 39I, 399, 412; Lon- don County, 95; losses of, IOI, 102; Monongalia County, 46, 47; Montgomery County, 64, 123, 125, I26, 127, 134; offered Clark, 8; officers of: authority weak, 54; in court martial, 59; recom- mended, lo; opposition to garrison duty of, 5, 6, 113; Pennsylvania, 71; pro- visions for, 69, 232; quotas not filled, 142; refuse to serve on gal- leys, 77, 79; rendezvous: at Fort McIntosh, 149; at Fort Nelson, 45; at Ken- tucky, 64; returns of, 2, 154; Rockingham County, 75; scout duty, i62; serve: on Moravian expedition, xxxix; on Sandusky expedition, 1I7; on Shawnee campaign, lv, 150-152; in expedition of 1780, ii6; with Clark, xliii; with Estill, 390; with Irvine, liv; with Wash- ington, ii; Shenandoah County, 95; train- ing of, for Indian warfare, 122; Vincennes, xxi, 243; Virginia, x, n. 2; Virginia powers over, xxix; Washington County, 64, 123, 125, 127, 134, 282; Westmoreland County, 27i, n. 2. Mill, Clark allowed to erect, 424. Mill Creek, lots laid out near, 435. Millar, Michael, claim for bounty land disallowed, 4I9. Miller, Abraham, bounty granted, 421; heir of, 46I; service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Miller, Jacob, deed issued assignee of, 46i. Miller's Fort, burned by Indians, 8o. Mimami, see Miami. Minerals, data on, wanted by Jef- ferson, 155. Mingo Bottom, Crawford sets out f rom, xxxix. I 545 546 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Mingo Indians, endanger Kentucky, 3, 120. Mingo, Roman, signs Chickasaw message, 75. Minter, see Muter. Mipie, Bernard, private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Misire, see Ste. Genevieve. Mississippi River, boundary of British cession, 2X9; British: attempts of to control, xviii, xxi; exploration of, 25o; post on, attacked, 77, n. I, 233; retreat by way of, xxii; cargo lost in, 200, 323; ferri- ages over, 255; Fort Jefferson on, xix; Illinois Regiment on, 3I2; Kaskaskia grant bounded by, 193; Indians near, powerful, 136; Linc- tot Indian agent on, 230; mili- tary operations on, xxii, 3I5; Monbreun crosses, 4!, n. i; Span- ish commandant on, 3r; trade on, 194, 243; vicinity of, scientific data on wanted, 155. Mississippi Valley Historical Re- qieqw, lxiv, n. 2. Mississippi Valley Historical As- sociation, Proceedings, xxx, n. 2. Missouri, Harrison settled in, 271; Illinois settlers desire to trade in, 194. Mitchel [Mitchels], David, accounts of, with Virginia, 343, 411. Mitchel, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 343, 41!. Mobile River, Indians near, 63. Mohawk Valley, Johnson leads at- tacks in, 146, n. x. Moires, William, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. Moirs, David, accounts of, with Virginia, 353. Molvost, bill in favor of, 6X. Monbreun, Lt. Timothi de, bio- graphical sketch, 4i, n. I; letter from, to Clark, 41-42; pay roll of, 320. Money, depreciation of Virginia paper, xxviii; form of stipulated in bills, 148; need of, in Kentucky, 205. Monmouth, battle of, participants in, 76, n. 1, 249, n. i. M o n o n g a l i a [Monongahalia] County, Harrison f rom, I68; letter from, 46-47, 79; state of, 46; supplies at, 48; militia of, 46, 47. Monongahela [Monongehaly, Mo- nongalia] River, settlements on: desires of in- habitants of, 65; supplies at, 48, 143. Monopolies, effect of on Indian pol- icy, lvii. Monroe, James, land claim of as- signed, 442; interest of in West, ix; letter from, to Clark, 68-69, 178-I80, 248-250. Monrow, James, claim to bounty land acted on, 422. Montgomery County, endangered, 3, ii9; desires of inhabitants of, 65; Indian raids on, 63; letters from, Its, 231; militia to be called out, 64, 123, 125, ia6, 127, 134; Preston of, 12I; volunteers to be raised in, 120. Montgomery, Lt. James, heir of, 448; service of in Illinois Regi- ment, 22, 32. Montgomery, Sergeant John, bounty land granted, 420; service of in Illinois Regiment, 27. Montgomery, Col. John, accounts of, 62, 195, 198, 216, 225, 258, 272, 275, 281, 299, 317, 319, 322, 325, l INDEX Montgomery, Col. John (cont.) 336, 359, 364, 383, 396, 397, 401, 402, 404, 472, 475; assignees of, 434, 437; attorney at meeting of Illinois Regiment, 414; authorizes purchase from Barbour, 313-314; bills of exchange drawn by, xxxiv, 6i, 159, 208, 283, 297, 318, 349, 372, 373, 374, 392, 397, 398; bio- graphical sketch, 2i, n. x; bounty land granted, 419; court of in- quiry on, 195; Crockett's bond in possession of, 344; expedition of, to Peoria, 6I; financial powers of, 3xi; flees, 31; fraud by suspected, 33; land claim assigned, 443; letter from, to: Webb, 6x-62; to, from commissioners, (referred to), 296; member, Board of Commission- ers of Illinois Regiment, 413, n. 1, 415-416, 417, 4i8, 425, 429; pay rolls of, 289; relations with: Monbreun, 42; Rogers, 12, n. 2; sends for Clark, xxii; service of, in Illinois Regiment, 21, 22, 32; signs petition, 235; superin- tends surveyors, 24o; transmits pay roll, 335- Montgomery, Ensign Thomas pay roll of, 349; sum payable to, for care of horses, 385. Montgomery, William, assignee of, 448; service with Illinois Regi- ment, 284. Montour, Indian Chief, at Vin- cennes, 84, 85. Montreal, American prisoners at, 104. Montroy, Anthony, private in Illi- nois Regiment, 23. Moore, Aaron, deed issued, 451, 461; assignee of, 46o. I Moore, David, account books kept by, 370 Moore, Major James Francis, ac- counts, 280, 364, 389, 392, 402, 475; biographical data, 280, n. I; cattle furnished by, 43; deed is- sued, 447; deed issued assignee, 435; deposition of, 307; identifies Myers, 449; member, Board of Commissioners of Illinois Regi- ment, 430, 431, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 446, 447, 449, 451, 452, 454, 455, 456; presents assignment, 44o. Moore, John, accounts with Vir- ginia, 355, 390; bounty land granted, 42x, 422; deed issued, 422, 444; service of in Illinois Regiment, 26, 286. Moore, Robert, deed issued, 442. Moore, Samuel, claim for bounty land acted on, 423; steals lead, 173. Moore, Shadrach G., deed issued assignee of, 463. Moore, Capt. Thomas, accounts, 365; bounty land granted, 422; pay roll of, 348; service with Illinois Regiment, 286. Moore, William, deed issued heir Of, 451. Moore and Rhea, deed issued, 439. Morain, Ant., bill in favor of, 274. Moravian Indians, massacre of, xxxvii-xxxix, 58, 71; retaliation for massacre of, xlii, 77, 80. Morgan, Charles, claim for bounty land acted on, 42i, 423; claim al- lowed, 426. Morgan, David, deed issued devisee of, 446; deed issued assignee of, 451. Morgan, Elizabeth, deed issued, 446. 547 548 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Morgan, General George, infantry equipment of, 56; relations of, with Harrison, 27i, n. 2. Morgan, John, appraisement of property lost by, 341. Morgan, Mordecai, accounts of, with Virginia, 304, 341, 403. Morgan, N., land claim assigned, 439. Morgan, William, deed issued, 462. Morris, John, enlistment bounty due, 352. Morris, Robert, letter to, from Irvine, xxx, n. x. Morrison, Captain, manages artil- lery in Shawnee campaign, 151. Morrison, Lt. John, pay roll of, 344, 408. Morrow, William, accounts of with Virginia, 297, 369, 403, 404. Morton, Thomas, accounts of, with Virginia, 365. Motard, bill in favor of, 274. Moulds, bullet, invoice of, ig. Moyland, Jasper, heir of, 46X. Moyland, John, land of, conveyed to Joyes, 46z. Moyland, Stephen, heirs of, 46i. Mud Garrison, enemy seen at, 107. Muddy Creek, sum paid for ex- press from, 254. Mundal, Floyd sends for, 6o. Murdock, Edward, account with Virginia, 272. Murray, Daniel, accounts of, with Virginia, 225, 255, 260, 262, 266, 274, 275, 397, 400. Murray [Murry] James, assignee of, 451. Murray [Murry], Lawrence, heir of, 45!- Murray, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 397. Murrey, Edward, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286; sum paid for going express, 266. Muskets, invoice of, 17, x8; use of, 120. Muskingum River, lands on, xxx; settlement on, I 56. Muster roll, of Illinois Regiment, 21-27. Muter, Col. George, delegated to draw up memorial, 240; repre- sents Virginia State Line, 251, 252. Mutiny, threatened, 142, 201. Myers, Jacob, account of, with Vir- ginia, 28z, 36!. Myres, William, bounty land granted, 422; identified, 449. Nails, bills incurred for, 260. Napper, John, accounts of, with Virginia, 339, 411. Nashville, Donelson at, zoo, n. I. Natchez, express from, 336. Nathan, Simon, accounts of, with Virginia, x48, 169, 197, 198, 207, 227, 275, 282, 300, 321, 375, 380, 400; letter from, to Harrison, 169- 170. Negroes, employed by British, I4; Indians kill, 85; sold, 38; sums due for service of, 333, 368. Nelson, Garrard Enoch, assignees of, 462; bounty land granted, 421; deed issued assignee, 460; ser- vice of, in Illinois Regiment, z5. Nelson, John, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 334; action on claim for bounty land, 42!. Nelson, Moses, claim for bounty land disallowed, 421, 423. Nelson, Governor Thomas, at camp, iI; biographical sketch, Y, n. 2; letter to, from: Clark, (referred INDEX Nelson, Governor (cont.) to) xxvii, n. 2, 4-5; Floyd, 1-3; Todd, (referred to) xxxii, n. I, 8-1a, 14-15. Netherland, Benjamin, accounts of, with Virginia, 341, 342; at Blue Licks, l; not to be commissioned judge, 128. Netherland, Major R., carries let- ter, 114, 298 ; fails to deliver di- spatches, 223; reports state of Kentucky, 121. Neville, Col. John, biographical sketch, 57, n. x; letter from, to Clark, 57-58; promised guard, 69. Neville, Mrs. John, message from to Clark, 58. New, Robert A., attorney for Tur- pin, 457; assignee of, 463; sug- gests fraud in land claim, 453. New Holland, Board of Commis- sioners, Illinois Regiment, meets at, 415; letter from, 192, 197, 203; Virginia commissioners meet at, 190, 195, 306, 308, 349- New London, natural history speci- mens from, 155. New Madrid enterprise, Harrison's relations with, 27x, n. 2. New Orleans, Barbour at, 4; bill for voyage to, 334; bills: drawn on, 190, 195; drawing of, on stopped, 172, 214; Campbell plans to capture, xxi; costs at, basis of price, i99; Pol- lock at, 33, 396, 313, 375; prices at, 310, 315, 316, 322; specie bill sent to, 372; trade at, xxx, 49; traders to, 87. New River, commissioners return to, 377; distance from, to Falls, 55; march from, 238; settlers re- treat to, xliii; settlement on, 3. New Store, on Monongahela, Elliot's boats loaded at, 144; flour stored at, 143. New York, garrison at, xvii; re- port made at, 466. Newel, relations with Elliot, 143. Newton, Peter, bounty land granted, 420. Niagara, strength of, 147. Nibleck, John, accounts with Vir- ginia, 342. Niblock, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 342. Nippers, bullet, invoice of, I8. North Carolina, commissioners at Cumberland, 300; lands in, 170; removal of settlers to, feared, x88. Northwest, Americans demand en- tire, xxv. Notary public, for Illinois settle- ments, I92. l Nova Scotia, boundary of British cessions to America, 219. Nugent, John R., deed issued, 457. Nuton, Peter, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Nutt, John, appraisement of horse lost by, 341. Oakley, John, bounty land granted, i421. Oakum, bills for paid, 266. Oates, Roger, wagon hired from, 228. Oharrow [Oharow], Michael, deed issued assignee of, 442; bounty land granted, 426. Ohio River, boats on, 43; bounds Clark's grant, 233-234; Fort Jeff- erson near mouth of, 4, n. I; forti- fication of, xix, lxiv, 8, 5I, 64, 120, I65, 184, 214, 305; import- ance of Fort Nelson to, 217; In- dians travel by, xliv, 3, x6, 85; Jefferson County frontier on, 2; 549 550 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Ohio River (cont.) lands northwest of: British posts in reduced, 418; danger of exploring country on, 416; im- portance of, 233; Virginia cedes to United States, 465; lands on, 4o; military oper- ations on, xxiii, lv, 45; patrol of, xxxi; money lacking for boats for, 6i; reports from, 67; settlements on, i56; provisions for forts on needed, 177; travel down, lx, 48, 65, 85; water routes from, 298. Oil, bill for, 40!. Oldfield, Joseph, appraisement of property lost, 34!. Oldham, Samuel, deeds issued, 444. Oldham, Capt. William, accounts of, 305, 306, 389; carries letter, 58; pay roll of, 327, 404. Old Trace, spies in vicinity of, ic6. Ontario, Lake, boundary of British cessions to America, 219. Ontwine and Bellas, account of, with Virginia, 383. Opee, see Peoria. O'Post, see Vincennes. Orange County, Burnley magistrate of, 312; Marshall commands minute men of, 249, n. I. Orben, Philip, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Oreer [Orear], Daniel, assigns land claim, 439; bounty land granted, 423. Oreer [Orear], Jesse, assignment of land claim, 439; bounty land granted, 423. Oreer [Orear], John, assignment of land claim, 439; bounty land granted, 423. Oreer [Orear], William, assignment of land claim, 439; bounty land granted, 423. Oreer [Orear], assignment of land claim, 442. Orleans, see Nevv Orleans. Orr, James, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 317. Osbourne [Osbon], Ebenezer [Ele- azer], assignment of claim of, 459; bounty land granted, 422. Ottawa [Outawas], Indians, Binne with, 85; employed by British, xxii; report news from Detroit, 37; steal horses, 84. Ouabash, Ouabache, see Wabash. O;iatanon [Ouia, Wea, Wiaw], council at, 65; Indians at, need supplies, 37; Indians take Dalton from, 146; Marin bound for, 145; military operations on, 28, n. I; sum due for interpreter at, 263. Ounsley [Ousley, Ownsley], Char- les, assignment of land claim, 459; bounty land granted, 421; assignee of 451; Outawas, see Ottawas. Overalls, sent Clark, 52. Overton, Captain, at battle of Blue Licks, go; killed, 102, IX2. Overton, James, deeds issued, 439. Owens [Oings], Brackett, service of as express, Io. Owens [Oins, Oings], Capt. George, accounts of, 296, 305, 314, 345, 389, 390, 407, 409; recommended, 6o. Owens, Jacob, meeting of Board of Commissioners at home of, 449. Owens [Owings], John Cockey, deed issued, 456. Ownsley, see Ounsley. Oznabrig, bills for, 384, 386. Pack saddle, bill for, 386. Pagan, David, bounty land granted, 426. Paincourt, see St. Louis. INDEX Paine, William, service with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Pairtree, see Peartree. Pancore, see St. Louis. Paper, sum paid for, 270, 272. Paper dollars, rate of exchange, I2; specified in bills, 148, I79. Papin, accounts of, with Virginia, 382. Paris, peace preliminaries signed at, lxii, 377. Parker, Absalom, deed issued, 460. Parker, Sergeant Edward, accounts of, with Virginia, 321, 326, 352, 41 1; service of, with Illinois Regiment, 24. Parker, Nathaniel, deed issued, 436, 438, 440. Pasturage, bills for, 396. Patterson, John, accounts of, with Virginia, 361, 403; service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Patterson, Mathew, accounts of, with Virginia, 340. Patterson, P., letter from, to Harri- son, 113-114. Patterson, Capt. Robert, accounts, 337, 408, 4IO; bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 452, 456; joins George, 79; letter to, from Clark, 70; militia under, re- fuses to serve on galley, 77, 78; pay roll of, 340, 344. Patterson, Lieutenant Colonel, ac- count for pay considered by com- missioners, 343. Patterson, carries letter, ii0. Patton [Patten], Capt. James, ac- counts of, 334; bounty land grant- ed, 43x; letter to, (referred to) 460; pay roll of, 330, 331, 405, 406. 551 Paul, John, grant of land bounty allowed, 42z; claim of assigned, 459. Payette, see Pyatt. Pazzar, bill in favor of, 324. Peace, Treaty of, comment on, 230; news of, 228; preliminaries signed, lxii, n. 2; terms of, 219, 22I. Peak, John, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Peancashacos, see Piankashaw. Peartree, John, bounty land granted, 424; service of in Illinois Regi- ment, 23. Peck, Jacob, claim of, 454. Pellam, Major, message from to Clark, i6i. Pelter, Joseph, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. Peltry, accounts in, 194, 198, 322, 376, 377, 380, 4oi; certificate for, 324- Penlin, Alexander, appraisement of property lost by, 34i. Penn, Abraham, accounts of, with Virginia, 386. Pennsylvania, assembly: disregards appeals, xxxi; investigates Moravian mas- sacre, xxxix; boundary disputes, xxx, 58, 73; currency, accounts in, 270, 272, 276; Indian designs against, 3; frontiersmen from, with Craw- ford, xxxvii; militia of, on expe- dition, 7I; news from, x88; pro- tection of frontier of, 114; routes of travel from, 185; Second Bri- gade, Irvine commands, 76, n. I; Virginians in, disaffection of, 154. Pensacola, Florida, Campbell at, xxi, xxiii; in hands of Spanish, xxviii. I 552 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Penticost, Dorsey, accounts of, 279; biographical sketch, 279, n. i; re- lations of, with Gibson, 153. Peoria [Opee], expedition to, 6t. Perault, see Perrault. Perie, William, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 288. Perkins, Samuel, service of with Illinois Regiment, z86. Perrault, Joseph, bill in favor of, 274. Perrault, Capt. Michael, accounts of, 256; bounty land granted, 420; service of in Illinois Regiment, 22, 27, 32. Perrault, Lieutenant, present at meeting of Illinois Regiment offi- cers, 414; recruiting accounts of, 266, 355. Perrault [Perrot], accounts of, with Virginia, 320, 375; bill in favor of, 61, 283. Peters, John, bounty land granted, 431; land claim assigned, 442. Petrifications, specimens of, request- ed by Jefferson, 155. Peterson, carries letter, 117. Pettet [Pettot], St. Benjamin, ap- praisement of property of, 357; pay rolls of, 356. Pettice, Antoine, bill in favor of, 275. Pettot, see Pettet. Phelps, Joseph, accounts of, with Virginia, 31J, 334, 403, 410; bounty land granted, 423; deed issued assignee of, 454. Phelps, Thomas, accounts of with Virginia, 272, 276, 305, 306. Philadelphia, delay of supplies at, xxvi; expenditures incurred in travel to, 271, 272; goods pro- cured at, 171; Nathan in, 169, 375; natural history specimens to be conveyed through, 250. Philips [Phips], John, accounts of, with Virginia, 282, 310, 411. Philips [Philps], Josiah, assignment of claims of, 459. Philips, sum paid for express ser- vice, 259. Piankashaw [Peancashaws] In- dians, at peace with Americans, i36. Piasa, bounds Kaskaskia grant, 193. Pickaway, Shawnee near, 31. Picard, bill in favor of, 274. Pickens, Sam, bounty land granted, 424. Pickets, bill for, 258. Pierce, John, appoints commissioner to liquidate claims of Virginia against United States, 465, 469, 470; opinion of Clark's services, lxiii. Pieto, Jean, bills drawn by, 283. Piner [Pinner], Jesse, assignment of claim, 462; bounty land granted, 42o. Piqua, Americans attack, xxiv. Pique, William, private in Illinois Regiment, 26. Pirogue, bills incurred for, 260, 270. Pitch, bills incurred for, 266. Pitchburg, see Pittsburgh. Pitman, Sergeant Buckner, accounts of, 311, 315, 333; bounty land granted, 421; deed issued, 444. Pittsburgh, bill of exchange dated from, 396; information to Hamil- ton from, 244; Irvine at, 69, 76, n. I ; letter from, 4o, 153, 219, 2z2 ; specimens to be conveyed through, z50; Neville at, 57, n. x; settlers near, on exhibition, 238; supplies at, xxvi, i69, 206; town site laid out, 145, n. i ; trader at, 40, n. i. Plank, bills incurred for, 303, 336, 363, 410. I I I INDEX Plank, sum due for wages at Fort Jefferson, 470. Plasse, Captain, certificate in favor of estate of, 320. Plassy, accounts of, with Virginia, 260, 262, 266, 275. Pleak, John, pay roll of, 338, 408. Plunder, regulation governing, I51. Poague, Robert, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Pogue, W. Lindsay, endorses letter, 87. Point Pleasant, battle of, 32, n. 1, 198, n. I, 29i, n. Pik [Polke], Capt. Charles, pay roll of, 328, 329, 405; suppliet tar, 137. Pollock, Oliver, accounts with Vir- ginia, 178, I80, 199, 215, 3i6, 336, ,75; bills drawn on, 6i, 144, 195, i96, i99, 208, 274, 275, 312, 321, 322, 323, 372, 375, 402; bills drawn by, zoo; collusion betweeni and Barbour, suspected, 4, 5; for- bidden to pay bills, 226; letter to, from Clark, 144-I45; letter to mentioned, 3i6; money delivered to, 349; relations with: George, 3 13; Montgomery, 33. Polson, Lieutenant, land of sold by Todd, 344. Polwood, Page, accounts with Vir- ginia, 390. Pomery, reports Indian retreat, I09. Pope, Benjamin, accounts of, with Virginia, 335, 370, 411 ; assigns claim, 439. Pope, Col. William, accounts, 276, 278, 282, 389, 406; attends meet- ings of Virginia commissioners, 308, 311 ; hears depositions, 195, ! I97; negro of, taken prisoner, 85; presents certificate for Lvnn's services, 37I ; services of, as sheriff, 306, 370. Poppaw bark, rope made from, 66. PFrk, accounts incurred for, 262, 334, 349, 360, 363, 385, 399, 411; payment in, proposed, 196. Portsmouth, condition of troops at, Xxxii. Portwood, Page, sergeant in Illinois Regiment, 23. Potinger, Captain, accounts of, with Virginia, 389. Potter, General, recalled, 156. Pouch horn, lost at Blue Licks, 94. Poure [Poure], M., bill in favor of, 275. Powder, bills incurred for, 255, 270; furnished by Legras, 35, n. I; Gibson procures, 40, n. i; invoice of, 17, i8; needed, I5, 37, 38; supply of, at Falls, i6; Virginia furnishes Cherokee, 131. Powell, Levin, accounts of, with Virginia, 270, 276. Powell, General H. Watson, letter to, from Bird, referred to, xliv, n. i. Po-well's Valley, station in, iI, n. 2. Powree, bills drawn by, 283. Povmautauhaus, Chickasaw chief, signs talk, 74, 75. Poymingo [Poymenger], signs Chick- asaw talk, 75. Prairie du Rocher, accounts incur- red at, 259. Prather, Aaron, deed issued, 460; examined, 456. Prather, Baisel, deed issued, 44i, 443- Prather, Capt. Henry, assigns claim, 462; bounty land granted, 423; pay roll of, 367. Prescott, XVilliam, service of with Illinois Regiment, 286. 553 554 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS President, of Judicature, recom- mended for Illinois country, 193, 194. Preston, Col. William, appointed Virginia commissioner to settle western accounts, 290; letter from, to Harrison, 231-232; offers as- sistance, 12i ; receipt received from, 384; reports Indian attack, 232; resigns, 33. Prewit, Josiah, bounty land granted, 421. Prices, effect of monopolies on, lvii. Prichard, assigns claim, 441. Priest, Peter, assignment by, 459; bounty land granted, 421; deed issued, 445. Princeton, Monroe at, 249; univer- sity, Wallace graduate of, 291. Pringle, John, accounts of, with Virginia, 358, 409. Prison, lack of, in Illinois, 193. Prisoners, British treatment of, 104; captured: at Blue Licks, i lz; at Sandusky, 78; by Indians, I09; on Shawnee campaign, 157; Clark's treatment of, x51 ; ex- penditures in behalf of, 470, 475; negotiations concerning, 127; re- leased by British, lxii, n. 2, x56; returned from Canada, 183; take oath of allegiance to crown, 147. Pritchard, William, bounty land granted, 421. Private, amount of bounty land granted, 424. Prothonotary, for Illinois settlement, 192. Protzman, L., deed executed in favor of, 439. Provisions, see Supplies. Pruits, Pierre, bill of exchange in favor of, 377. Pryor, John, account of with Vir- ginia, 384. Puff, George, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 345, 409. Pulford [Pulfer], John, bounty land granted, 421; land of assigned, 456; service in Illinois Regiment, 25; sum due for services, 366. Puque, William, enlistment bounty due, 353. Pursley, William, bounty land granted, 421. Pyatt [Payette, Pyeatt], Capt. Jacob, accounts of, with Virginia, 272, 345; letter from, to Clark, 86; pay roll of, 333, 393. Quartermaster, accounts, 28o, 325; ammunition taken from, 173; plunder to be taken to, I ; stores of, troops break into, 172. Quebec, prisoners in, 145, n. I. Quicket, receipt in favor of, 375. Quirk, Edward, sum due for spy duty, 365. Quirk, Major Thomas, accounts of, 268, 272, 279, 384, 391; attends meeting, Illinois Regiment officers, 414; biographical sketch, 34, n. I; bounty land granted, 419; deed issued assignee of, 439; guards ammunition, 173; pay roll of, 335, 395; relations with Davidson, 172; service with Illinois Regi- ment, 22, 32; tracts in land claimed by, applied for, 437. Ramsay [Ramsey], James, assigns claim, 462; bounty land granted, 421; deed issued, 446. Ramsay, Joseph, grant of bounty land allowed, 422. Ramsey, Lieutenant, pay roll of, 335. Randolph, Governor Edmund, com- missioners report to, 465. Randolph, Nathaniel, accounts of, with Virginia, 269, 272, 273; INDEX Randolph, Nathaniel (cont.) relations of, with: George Rogers Clark, 143; Jonathan Clark, 13. Rangers, employed by British, xl, xli, xliv, 43, D. i; sickness among, lvii. Rapicault, bill of exchange in favor of, 274, 275. Rath, Frederick, enlistment bounty due, 353; service of in Illinois Regiment, 26. Rations, bills incurred for, 293, 326, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332, 337, 338, 340, 345, 355, 358, 360, 367, 368, 369, 375, 376, 388, 405, 4o6, 409, 470; Clark requests, 43. Ravenscraft, Thomas, accounts of, with Virginia, 398. Ravenscraft, Robert, accounts of, with Virginia, 398. Ray, Andrew, claim for bounty land acted on, 421. Ray, Audrey, bill of exchange in favor of, 318. Ray [Raye], Capt. James, losses of, at Blue Licks, 94; pay roll of, 355. Ray, John, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 310, 410; deed issued as- signee of, 451. Ray, Stephen, claim for bounty land acted on, 423. Ray, William, assigns claim, 459; bounty land granted, 422; heir of, 451. Raymond, Orlando, at meeting of Board of Commissioners, Illinois Regiment, 463. Read Creek, letter from, 227, 228, 230. Reager, Jacob, deed issued, 442, 443. Rease, Joel, allowed choice of land plot, 437. Recruiting, expenditures incurred in, 24!, 256, 257, 268, 272, 276, 279, 281, 282, 353, 355, 368, 373, 374, 472. Red King, Indian chief, signs peace talk, 75- Redstone, boats transported to, 254; supplies at, 48; supplies sent to, 52. Reed, John, claim for bounty land disallowed, 423. Reed [Reid], Major, carries de- spatches, i89; negotiates with Indians, 223, 229. Renacking, Henry, deed issued, 463. Renault [Rennaux, Rennoe, Renow], Antoine, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 260, 318, 319, 320. Rew, bill of exchange endorsed by, 318. Rey, Dr., amount paid for hospital supplies, 267, 268. Reynolds, Aaron, at Bryan's Station, xlvii. Rhea, deed executed in favor of, 439- Rice, Lieutenant, to superintend surveyors, 240. Rice, Edmund, sum due for horse, 398. Rice, Samuel, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 345, 403, 409. Rice, William, sum due for service as armourer, 366. Richland Creek, land tracts on, sold for flour, 141. Richmond, Clark at, xxiv; Critten- den goes to, io; land plat sent to, 428; letters from, 14, 68, I69, 178, 235, 236, 239, 240, 243, 246, 248; records sent to, 217; trans- portation from, accounts for, 52, 271, 386; Virginia commissioners meet at, 393. Rifles, bills incurred for, 272, 339, 384; invoice of, 17. I 555 556 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Right, James, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 360, 403. Rise, James, service of with Illinois Regiment, 288. Risharry, bill in favor of, 275. Roanoke River, selling prices on, 385; settlements on, 3. Roane, Captain, artillery for, so; named to draw up memorial, 240. Roberdeau, M., bill in favor of, 364. Roberts, assigns claims, 439. Roberts, Capt. Benjamin, accounts of, 362, 363. Robertson, Ann, inheritance of, dis- cussed, 457. Robertson, James, assigns claims, 453, 456; bounty land granted, 420; contest between heirs of, dis- cussed, 455, 457; joined by Donel- son, 100, n. x; McAfee's account brought before, 359. Robertson, Richard, service of in Illinois Regiment, 23. Robertson, Wallball, 457. Robertson, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 360, 362, 404, 409. Robertson, William, Jr., 457. Robinson, James, accounts of, with Virginia, 283, 333; land of, peti- tioned for, 456. Robinson, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 94. Rocheblave, Philippe de Rastel de, at Detroit, xxxiii; breaks parole, 147. Rockbridge County, volunteers from, to be raised, 120. Rock River, Indian villages on, xxii. Rockingham County, militia of, ordered to be ready, 95. Rodgers, see Rogers. Rogers, Aquilla, deed issued, 448. Rogers, Col. David, accounts, 268, 283, 334; bounty land granted, 423; relations with Campbell, ,45, n. r. Rogers, E., assists in settling land claims, 428. Rogers, George, deed issued, 442. Rogers [Rodgers], Capt. James, pay roll of, 328, 405. Rogers, Capt. John, accounts of, 272, 276, 277, 279, 320, 360, 470, 472, 475; appointed to draw up memorial, 240; biographical sketch, 12, n. 2; bounty land granted, 420; bounty land granted com- pany of, 423, 426; deed issued, 440, 441, 442; note given by, 13; pay roll of, 328; protests Daniel's land claim, 427; relations of with William Clark, 413, n. i; succeeds Montgomery, 21, n. i; with Crit- tenden, 7. Rogers, Joseph, sum due, 339. Rogers, Lieutenant, killed at Blue Licks, 102. Rogers, certificate of in favor of Renault, 264. Rohreur, F., deed issued, 439. Rolins, Anthony, accounts with Vir- ginia, 270. Rood, Jesse, accounts of with Vir- ginia, 270. Rolling Fork, spies sent to, 6o. Roosevelt, Theodore, Winning of the West, 58, n. 1; 89, n. '. Rope, manufacture of, 66, 67. Rose de Bough, stores at, 146. Rosebloche, see Rocheblave. Ross, James, deed issued, 461. Ross, Sergeant, carries letter, 6o. Ross, Joseph, bounty land allowed, 421; service of in Illinois Regi- ment, 25. Rowland, Jesse, deed issued, 446. Royal Case, invoice of, i8. Rubsamen, Jacob, letter from to Clark, 228. I i I I I I INDEX Ruby, John, deed issued assignee of, 452. Ruby [Rubey], William, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued, 452; land claim assigned, 462. Ruby [Rubey], William, Jr., bounty land granted, 423. Ruddle, Cornelius, grant of bounty land allowed, 423; service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Ruddle [Ruddles], Capt. Isaac, ac- counts of, 349; bounty land, ac- tion on claims for, 420, 431; cap- ture of company of, 350; deed issued, 436, 440; pay roll of, 349, 408. Ruddle's Station, destruction of, xxiii, xlvii, 360; enemy pursued to, 92. Rue, Richard, claim for bounty land disallowed, 422. Ruland, Israel, enlistment bounty due, 334; relations with Wabash, 145. Rule, Andrew, appraisement of saddle lost by, 341. Ruleson, William, bounty land granted, 421. Rum, bills incurred for, 255, 256, 259, 263, 264, 267, 379; monopo- lies on, lvii, n. x. Rupert, George, enlistment bounty due, 353; service of in Illinois Regiment, 26. Rye, bills for damage done fields of, 387. Ryley, William, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 286. St. Asaph, letter from, 5. St. Augustine, Detroit Indians visit, 189. St. Dusky, see Sandusky. 557 Ste. Genevieve [Mesier, Mesiere, Misire], disease at, 38; district of, 271; trade at, 196, I99, 255. St. Joseph River, British at, 28, n. i. St. Louis [Pancore], accounts for sundries furnished, 382; British expedition against, xxii; gover- nor of, prohibits trade, 194, n. i; Rogers at, 145, n. 1. St. Pierre, bill for express to, 259. St. Vincent, St. Vincenne, see Vin- cennes. Saddles, bills incurred for, 94, 260, 334, 341, 342, 360, 363, 365, 369, 384, 398, 404. Sadoxvskv, see Sodowsky. Salem, 'founded by Moravians, xxxviii. l Salt, bills for, 266, 270, 365, 369, 4IO; Clark authorizes search for, 37; contracts for, authorized, 222; exchange of, for supplies, 87; needed, 38, I76, 354, 355; supply of, 16, 20. Salt River, enemy believed near, I07; spies sent to, 6o; station on, taken, I19. l Salt Works, news of enemy from, I07; protection of discussed, 184; public kettles at, misused, 312; sum due for kettle lost at, 410. Sampson, Isaac, assignee of, 463. l Samuels [Samuel], Capt. James, pay roll of, 328, 405. Sanders [Saunders], John, accounts l of, with Virginia. 196, 256, 321, 345, 41x; bounty land granted, 422. Sanders [Saunders], Joseph. bill in favor of, 278. Sanders, Robert, accounts of with Virginia, 339, 403. Sandusky, British at, xl, 76; Cald- well at, liii; expeditions against, xl, liv, lviii, lix, 78, 79, I08, 120, 558 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Sandusky (cont.) 140, 149, 153; importance of at- tack on, 157; massacre at, 76; supplies and troops for expedition against, 117. Sandusky River, Moravian Indians taken to, xxxviii. Sarpy, accounts of, with Virginia, 274, 283. Sartain [Sartine, Sertain], John, assignment for land claim of presented, 440, 459; bounty land granted, 423. Sartain [Sartine], Page, assigns claims, 459; bounty land granted, 421. Sauk Indians, villages of, destroyed, xxii. Savannah, Georgia, garrison at, xvii. Schola, Joseph, appraisement of mare of, 340. Scimeter, needed in Indian warfare, 122. Schonbrunn, founded by Moravians, Xxxviii. Scioto, tribes on, fear Clark's at- tacks, lxv. Scott, Robert, losses at Blue Licks, 94- Scott, James, deed issued assignee of, 46I. Scott, Capt. Samuel, pay roll of, 348. Scott, carries letter, i67. Scott County, Indiana, lands in for Illinois Regiment, 413, n. x. Searcy, Bartlet, sum due for express service, 266, 358. Sebastian, Benjamin, deed issued, 437, 443- Second Virginia Regiment, Nelson colonel of, I, n. 2. Secretary of War, countermands Sandusky expedition, lviii, 149, 158; information from, 95. Seeds, sent Jefferson, 250. Sellers [Sellar], John, accounts of with Virginia, 369, 410. Sellers, Nathan, accounts of, Vir- ginia, 364, 404. Senkler, Michael, service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Sennett, Richard, claim to bounty land acted on, 424. Sergeant, bounty land granted, 424. Serpey, see Sarpy. Sertain, see Sartain. Setzer [Setser, Sitzer], John, as- signs claims, 459; bounty land granted, 426; deed issued assignee of, 443; service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Setzer, Michael, assigns claim, 459; bounty land granted, 426; deed issued assignee of, 443; service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Seven Years' War, 76, n. I. Severns, Ebenezer, assigns claim, 462; bounty land granted, 423. Severns, John, bounty land granted, 422. Sevier, John, relations with Camp- bell, ixI, n. i. Shake, George, deed issued, 451. Shanandoah, Shanondoah, see Shen andoah. Shannon, Capt. William, accounts of, 225, 269, 273, 282, 283, 307, 309, 310, 325, 340, 371, 402, 472, 475; bills of exchange drawn by, 225, 283, 311, 318, 324, 365, 371, 372, 374, 375, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 389, 400; certifies account, 359; claim for bounty land dis- allowed, 423; depositions relating to conduct of, 336; member, Board of Commissioners of Illinois Regi- ment, 415, 416, 417; signs petition, 235. Sharlock, see Sherlock. INDEX Shawnee Indians [Chaonanon, Shawnawa, Shawaneese], at: Detroit, xxxiii; Loganstown, 31; Miami, 146; danger from, 6, zoo, 19, 12o; defend Sandusky villages, xli; ex- peditions against, xix, xxvi, xxxix, liv, lv, lvi, lix, lxiv, i, n. 1, 12, n. 3, 99, n. 2, 110, 120, 121, 136, 139, 140, 149, 152, 157-158, 171- 172, I8o, 181-182, I98, n. I, 213, 291, n. 1, 331, 469, 477; negotia- tions with, i82, 218, 223; prison- ers taken by, 73; relations with British, xliv, x88; settlements penned up by, 3; towns of, pris- oners taken to, 76, 8o. Shawnee River, Carolina settlement on, 123. Sheepskins, invoice of, Is. Shelburne, Earl of, factors influenc- ing, to yield Northwest, lxv. Shelby, Evan, assignee of, 463; bal- lots for unappropriated lots, 462; surveys lots in Clark County, 458. Shelby, Capt. Isaac, accounts of, 257, 268. Shelby, Col. James, bounty land granted, 419; Crittenden joins, lo; deed issued, 436; pay due sol- dier of, 317. Shells, invoice of, x8; specimens of sent Jefferson, 250. Shenandoah [Shanandoah, Shanon- doah] County, militia of, to be prepared, 95. Shepherd [Shepeard, Shepperd], George, assigns claim, 442, 459; bounty land granted, 42o; deed issued, 443; service of in Illinois Regiment, 24. Shepherd, Peter, bounty land granted, 420; service in Illinois Regiment, 24. Sheriff, of Jefferson County, services of, 306, 308, 370; lack of, in Illi- nois, 193. Sherlock [Sharlock], James, claim to bounty land disallowed, 42o, 431; services of with Illinois Regiment, 286; sum due, 349. Shirts, bills incurred for, 264, 326, 332, 368, 410; drawn by troops, 142; sent Clark, 52. Shlover, see Slover. Shoeing, bill for, 386. Shoes, bills incurred for, 264, 334; lack of, 14; sent Clark, 52. Sholl, Joseph, account of, with Vir- ginia, 341- Short, Thomas, assignee of, 463. Shortridge, Samuel, accounts of, with Virginia, 341, 364, 410. Shot, invoice of, 18; needed by Clark, ziI; supply of, lost at Blue Licks, 94. Shot pouches, invoice of, 17; sums due for, 384. Shott, William, appraisement of mare of, 340. Shryer, John D., at meeting of board of commissioners, Illinois Regiment, 464. Silver, accounts in, 198. Silver Creek, boundary of bounty lands, 416. Silver Hills, boundary of bounty lands, 234, 416. Simmons, I. W., accounts of, with Virginia, 269. Simpson, Thomas, bounty land granted, 431. Sinclair, Governor Patrick, plans attack on St. Louis and Illinois, xxii. Sioux Indians, allegiance of, to Great Britain, xix. Sitzer, see Setzer. 55;9 560 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Six Nations, Butler's relations with, 347. Slack, William, bounty land granted, 422. Slaughter, Col. George, accounts of, 278, 362, 365, 470, 475; Ballard serves under, 366; bills drawn by, 283, 324, 370, 392; biographical sketch, i98, n. x; conduct of troops, comment on, 338; Harri- son acknowledges letter trans- mitted by, 321; makes return of clothing, 363; misuse of public property by asserted, xgo. Slaughter, James, service of in Illi- nois Regiment, i98, n. z. Slaughter, John, service of in Illi- nois Regiment, 198, n. x, 228. Slaughter, Joseph, service of in Illi- nois Regiment, 198, n. i. Slaughter, Lawrence, bounty land granted, 420; service of in Illinois Regiment, i98, n. z. Slaughter, Robert, father of George, i98, n. 1. Slaves, of J. M. P. Legras, 175. Slings, for bayonets, invoice of, 17. Slover, escaped from Indians, 76, So. Slowmatch, invoice of, x8. Smith, Benjamin, sum due for horse hire, 343. Smith, Daniel, appointment of, to investigate western accounts, xxxiv, n. 3. Smith, George, bounty land granted, 426; losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Smith, Granville, appointment of, to investigate western accounts, xxxiv, n. 3; joins Fleming, i8; recommended, 33. Smith, Henry, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 276, 282, 368. Smith, Lt. John, accounts of, 276, 363, 4I1; pay roll of, 355, 356. Smith, Joshua, sum due for beef, 352. Smith, Josiah, sum due for beef, 411. Smith, Major, account of, for sup- port of Kentucky volunteers, 267. Smith, Robert, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 288. Smith, Thomas, payment made to, f or note, 170. Smith, William, bounty land grant- ed, 419; Brodhead assignee of, 436; service of in Illinois Regi- ment, 27; sum due for service, 361. Smith, William B., claim for bounty land disallowed, 423. Smith, deed issued assignee of, 439. Smith work, bills incurred for, 271, 373. Smoot, Thomas, sum due for corn, 343. Snoddy [Snoddys], Capt. John, pay roll of, 346, 347. Snow, George, bounty land granted, 426. Soap, bill for, 325. Sodowsky [Sowdusky], Anthony, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Sodowsky [Sadowsky, Sowdusky], Jacob, accounts with Virginia, 363, 4o3. South, Lt. John, pay roll of, 346. South Carolina, Indian designs against, 3; expedition from, against, 62. Sowdusky, see Sodowsky. Spairs, Michael, assignee of, 454. Spangler, William, sums due widow of, 326. Spanish, advance of troops, xx; commandant, on Mississippi, 31; Kentucky emigrant to settlements of, 115; notified of meeting of Virginia commissioners, 296; relations with: Chickasaw, 94, 95; Great Britain, xxi, xxii; I INDEX Spanish (cont.) trading rights of, 194; trade with, 196. Spear, Andrew, assignee of, 463. Spears [Spear], Jacob, assigns claim, 459; assignee of, 463; bounty land granted, 423. Spears, use of, in Indian warfare, 120. Specie, accounts in, 33, 178, 270, 272, 276, 277, 375, 378; not available, xxxiv; see also Currency. Spies, bills incurred for services of, 272, 304, 334, 337, 339, 343, 358, 365, 384, 407, 411-412, 470, 475; report to Floyd, zog, 109; sent out, 6o. Spilman [Spelman], Francis, as- signs claim, 462; bounty land granted, 426; deed issued, 442. Spotsylvania, letter from, i87. Spring Station, state of settlement, 66. Stafford, William, sum due for sup- plies, 343, 411. Stapleton [Stepleton], John, ac- counts of, with Virginia, 388, 404. State, erection of in west advocated, 250. Staunton, natural history specimens from, wanted, 155. Steel, Adam, deed issued, 450. Steel, William, sum due for salt, 369, 410. Steele, Andrew, describes: attack on Bryan's and battle of Blue Licks, 96-97; state of Kentucky, li-lii, 115; letter from to Harrison (men- tioned), lii, n. I, 96-97, I15-II6; sums due for services, 339, 408. Steers, bills incurred for, 296, 357, 358, 410. Stephenson, Samuel, assignment by discussed, 460; bounty land granted, 43I. 56i Stephenson, carries letter, 88. Steptoe, relations with Jefferson, 155- Stephens, Stephen, bounty land granted, 422. Stevens, Captain, marries Miss Carter, 187. Stevens, Gen. Edward, 95. Stevenson, John, appraisement of mare lost by, 341. Stevenson, Lt. Thomas, pay roll of, 339, 408; sum due estate of, 339. Stevenson, William, appraisement of horse lost by, 342. Steuben, Maj. Gen. Frederick Wil- liam, relations with Davies, 48, n. I. Stewart, William, receives goods from Gibson, 153. Stipp, The Western Miscellany, xlvi, n. i, xlix, n. 2. Stockings, bills for, 272; sent Clark, 52; troops lack, 14. Neat stock, Indian depredations on, 96. Stocks, invoice of, 17. Stone, bills for, 259. Stoner, Val, deed issued, 450. Storage, of merchandise, bills for. 255. Stonehouse, sum due for building, 339- Stores, see Supplies. Spotswood's Legion, services of needed on frontier, x2o. Straps, for bayonets, invoice of, 17. Stroud, Sam, bounty land granted, 422; certificate of service of, 343. Stroud, for troops, 315. Stroud's Station, location of, xliv. Stucker, Michael, sum due, 339. Stucker, Pegg, accounts of, with Vir- ginia, 340. Sturgis, Peter, bill in favor of, 276. 562 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Subsistance, for wounded soldiers, account for, 272. Subaltern, grant of bounty land to, 424. Sucey, Bertley, appraisement of blanket lost by, 341. Sucey, John, appraisement of horse lost by, 340. Sugar, bills for, 325, 397; supply of, for troops, 143. Sugget, John, sum due, 339. Sullivan, Daniel, brings news to Floyd, 156; deed issued, 456, 46i; sum due for services, 336, 412. Sullivan, Capt. James, accounts of, with Virginia, 280, 282, 331, 365, 388, 389, 407. Sullivan, Capt. John, produces as- signment made to William Sulli- van, 460; sum due for express service, 411. Sullivan [Sullevan], Lucy, deed is- sued, 456. Sullivan [Sullevan], Rebecca, deed issued, 456, 46I. Sullivan [Sullevan], Sophia, deed issued, 456, 46i. Sullivan, William, applies for choice land tracts, 437; deed issued, 441, 456; deed issued heirs of, 456, 460-46I. Sullivan, William Jr., deed issued, 461. Sullivan, carries letter, x49; disas- ter to, zi6. Summers, John, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Superior, Lake, boundary of British cessions to America, 219. Supernumerary officers, directions concerning, 53. Supplies, bills incurred for, 258, 259, 260, 262, 265, 270, 272, 280, 281, 325, 358, 360; damaged, 69; de- stroyed, 157, I58; furnishing, in commutation for taxes, proposed, 66; furnished by volunteers, 173; needed, 15, 4, 48, 205; payment for, 96; procured: by Patterson, 70; for boats, 138; for Clark, Ix, 49, 52, 56, 65, IIl, 117, 129; promised, 6; purchased at Peoria, 6i; temporary contracts for authorized, 223; valued, for reimbursement to owners, Iz2. Surgeon, service of, sum owed for, 359, 396. Surveyor, for Clark's Grant, 234, 240, 251, 252, 253, 416, 418, 450, 457; for Fayette County, 128; Marshall appointed, 124, n. x; need for, 114, 124; offices of, open, 300; plat of land grant sworn to by, 428; to deliver certificate of claims, 424. Swan, iron, bill for, 270. Swan, Elizabeth, administratrix of John Swan, 349. Swan [Swann], Capt. John, bounty lands granted, 420; deed issued heirs of, 442; pay roll of, 388, 406; sum due for flour, 349. Swan, Rachel, sums due, 361, 403. Swan, William, accounts of, 255; bounty land granted, 422; deed issued, 446. Swan, Mrs., sum due for flour, 411. Swearingen [Swerengen, Sweringen, Swiringin], Col. Van, accounts of, with Virginia, 339, 4II; bounty land granted, 422; Clark char- acterizes, 163; deed issued as- signee of, 447, 459. Swivels, protection of settlements against, 59. Sworden, Jonathan, assigns claim, 462; bounty land granted, 421; deed issued assignee of heirs of, 450. INDEX Tafia [Taffia, tassia], bills incurred for, 256, 258, 262, 264, 266, 268, 3i8, 319, 320, 324, 325, 381, 382, 383, 397, 401; delivered to Car- ney, 315; supply of, for troops, 197, 311, 315- Tait, see Tate. Tallow, bill incurred for, 270, 338, 390, 391, 399; report on supply of, 294. Tally, Daniel, claim for bounty land disallowed, 423. Tally, Elizabeth, deed issued, 451. Tally, John, assigns claim, 459; bounty land granted, 423; deed issued heir of, 451. Tannehill, Ensign, accounts, 271. Tar, procured by Floyd, 137. Tardiveau [Tardiveux], Barthelemi, agrees to furnish flour, I41; assists Walker Daniel, 193; deed issued, 44i, 442; interpreter, 310; relations with: Clark, 30; Crit- tenden, Ix6o. Tardiveau Brothers, deed issued, 442. Tate [Tait], account of, confirmed, I56; at Vincennes, 84; carries message to Clark, 124; relations with Clark, 153. Taxes, commutation of, 66, 223; de- linquents in paying, to do mili- tary service, 137; Fayette County, 164; inadequate, lx; levied for garrisons, 227, 229, 230; soldiers pay certificates accepted for, I86; specific, collection of recommend- ed, 137; payment of, 222; pro- visions paid for by, 96; protests against, xxx; Virginia, xxix; Washington County, i2o. Taylor, Abraham, bounty land granted, 423. Taylor, Edward, claim for bounty land acted on, 423. 563 Taylor, Capt. Isaac, accounts, 268, 384; bounty land granted, 4I9; company of, 23; pay roll of, 335, 361, 394, 396; service of in Illi- nois Regiment, 22, 32. Taylor, Col. Richard, member, Board of Commissioners of Illi- nois Regiment, 430, 431, 433, 435, 436, 440, 441, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 46I; signs deed, 462. Taylor, William, assigns claim, 442. Tea, supply of for troops, 143. Teeple, Jacob, deed issued assignee of, 463. Templin, John, sum due for forage, 349, 410. Tennessee [Tenassee] River, Chero- kee on, 63; negotiations for lands on, 136. Terrell, Richard, death of, 450; deeds issued, 435, 441, 442, 443, 445, 447, 448; deed issued heirs of, 451; member, Board of Com- missioners, Illinois Regiment, 429, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 441, 443, 444, 446, 447, 448, 449; papers of, before board, 454- Tewell, John, claim for bounty land disallowed, 420. Theel, Levi, bounty land granted, 420; enlistment bounty due, 335. Thomas, Catherine Myers, heiress of William Myers, 449. Thomas, Henry, assigns claim, 454, 455; identified, 449. Thomas, Capt. Mark, pay roll of, 335, 394; sum due for shoes, 334. Thomas, Valentine, see Dalton, V. T. Thompson, James, private in Illi- nois Regiment, 27. Thompson, John, assigns claim, 462. 564 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Thompson, Capt. Lawrence, pay roll of, 350. Thompson, Robert, accounts of, with Virginia, 338, 408, 409. Thompson, William, accounts of, with Virginia, 352, 392, 4!1; as- signs claim, 459; bounty land granted, 420; service of in Illi- nois Regiment, 24. Thornberry, Thomas, deed issued, 441. Thornton, John, deed issued, 450. Thornton, Joseph, bounty land granted, 450; heir of, assigns claim, 462. Three Rivers, Canada, British at, 76, n. i. Thruston, Charles Myn, bill in favor of, 276. Thruston, John, bounty land granted, 420; deed executed in favor of, 44!. Thwaites and Kellogg, Dunmore's War, 279, n. l, 28I, n. 2. Tigart, Daniel, bounty land granted, 421; service of in Illinois Regi- ment, 25. Tobacco, bills incurred for, 325, 382; fund, destroyed by Assembly, 52; payment in, 170; price of, data on needed, 292; warehouses for, 235, 416. Todd, Col. John, accounts of, 197, 276, z8z, 301, 304, 309, 321-322, 336, 342, 408; at Blue Licks, xlix, 92, 97, 98, Z02, 112, 134, 139, 339; at Bryan's Station, 92; appoints Legras president Vincennes Court, 35, n. x; bills drawn by, 159, 198, 300, 319, 370, 375, 40i; biograph- ical data, 5, n. I; brother of Robert, 14, n. I; builds fort at Lexington, 59; carries letters, 3x; characterized, 122; commission- ers to investigate affairs of, 299; county lieutenant, Fayette County, xlviii; death of, li, go, 102, 112; delivers tax, x64; disposes of funds, 54; executor for, 296; letters from, to: Clark, 5-6; Harrison, 59-60, (referred to) i99, (referred to) 226; Jefferson, (re- ferred to) xx, n. 3, 30-31; Nelson, 8-io; Pollock, (referred to) 215; letter to, from: Clark, (referred to) lxiv, n. 3; George, (referred to) xxxvi, n. 3, 77-78, 79; Trigg, 90; militia under, on scout duty, 162; misuse of public property by, alleged, i9o; relations with Char- leville, i95, n. 2; requests reim- bursements, 59; sells land of British subjects, 344; views on: Fort Jefferson, xx; fortification of Kentucky, 5, 8-o0. Todd, Col. Levi, asked to inspect stores, 294; assignee of Napper, 41!; at Lexington, 89; biograph- ical data, ii1, n. a; blank com- missions sent to, 128; bounty land granted, 420; deed issued, 438, 444; describes: attack on Bryan's, 89; battle of Blue Licks, 112-113, 133; conditions in Kentucky, l; letter from: mentioned, i19; letter from, to: Harrison, 111-113, 113-114; Robert Todd, (referred to) 1, n. x; letter to, from: Harri- son, 127-128, 128-129; requests: county surveyor, 113; reinforcements, 89; rescue party led by, xlvi; sums due, 339, 343; takes up land, 167. Todd, Capt. Robert, asked to inspect stores, 294; biographical sketch, 14, n. I; bounty land granted; 419; carries letter, 156; deed is- INDEX Todd, Capt. Robert (cont.) sued, 442, 443; deposition of, 320; executor of John Todd, 309; letter from, to: Nelson, (refer- red to) xxxii, n. x, I4-x5; com- missioners, (referred to) 296; Levi Todd, (referred to) 1, n. I; member, Board of Commission- ers of Illinois Regiment, 413, n. 1, 418, 425, 428, 429; paymaster, xxxii, n. I; pay roll of, 343, 394; receives land claims, 417; re- cruiting account, 279; reports condition of troops, 14; trustee appointed to succeed, 434; ser- vice of in Illinois Regiment, 22, 32. Tomahawk, use of in Indian war- fare, 120. Tompkins, Nancy, marries Dickin- son, 187. Tools, bill for, 36i. Tombleston, Jesse, sum due for beef, 365. Tories, find asylum with Chero- kee, 123. Torrance, John, accounts of, with Virginia, 342. Totham, William, attests letter, 5. Town, in Clark's Grant, establish- ment of, petitioned for by Illinois Regiment, 416; provisions for, 234, 424- Towrenger, order on for wood, 320. Trade, absence of, on Ohio, 9; at Falls of Ohio, 197; at Kaskaskia, 195; at Ste. Genevieve, 196, 199, 255; importance of Fort Jeffer- son to, xx, xxi; importance of Fort Nelson to, lx, lxv; restric- tions of, in Spanish territory, 194. Traders, at Chicago, xxxiii; at- tempts to drive out, 28, n. x; em- ployed by British, xix, xxii. Trabue, James, accounts of con- sidered by commissioners, 360. Travis, Jane, sums due, 358, 362, 409. Trent, Beverly, bounty land granted, 420; deed issued as- signee of, 453. Trenton, considered as residence for Congress, 250. Trigg, Col. Stephen, at Blue Licks, xlix, 1, 92, 93, 97, 98, 102, 112, 139; at Bryan's Station, xlviii, 90, 92; biographical data, 89, n. 3; characterized, 122; death of, Ii, 90, 102, 103, io6, 1z2; letter from, to Todd, go; pay roll of men on guard at home of, 337; sum due for services, 385; troops requested of, 89. Triplet, Simon, accounts of, with Virginia, 276, 278. Triplett, J. S., bill in favor of, 280. Troops, Clark's diminishing, liii; condition of, xxxi, 13, 14; deser- tion of, xxx, xxxvi, 135, 138 ; dis- charge of, 2; drafting of, a fail- ure, xxvi; expenditure for, 241, 256, 265, 267, 334; French, 52; ill conduct of, 172; in continen- tal service, 154, 228; killed, li; need horses, 239; needed: for Detroit expedition, I5; for Indian expedition, 238; in Kentucky, 16, 114, x86, 205, 206; in Vincennes, Ixii; pay for requested, 177; re- ceived, for Illinois country, 194; recruited by Clark, xxiv; reduc- tion of, 30, 219; reorganization of, 50; rendezvous of, at Lime- stone, I88; requested, by DePey- ster, Iviii; serve: at Blue Licks, xlix; at Fort Nelson, 55, 217; at Fort Pitt, 71; in Kentucky, xxxi, lv, 204; at Vincennes, 195; on Sandusky campaign, 1I7; with Crawford, 565 566 ILLINOIS ilISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Troops (cont.) xxxvii; with Irvine, 122; with Washington, i I; stationing of, in interior posts, protested, io; take provisions, 211 ; taxes for provisioning, 230; withdrawn from Vincennes, xxi. See also Enlistment, Illinois Regiment, Militia, Recruiting. Trottier [Trotier, Trotter] Capt. Fransois, bill in favor of, 275; presents papers to commissioners, 372, 373, 374- Truchey, M., relations with Dalton, 146. Trustees, Board of, for Illinois Regiment, see Illinois Regiment. Tubes, invoice of, i8. Tube, Thomas, certificate for pay, 342. Turkau, Potapo, signs Chickasaw message, 75. Turner, Oliver, claim for bounty land acted on, 423. Turpin, Elizabeth, 457. Turpin, Henry, 457. Turpin, Jerrernel, 457. Tuscarawa River, Moravians on, xxxvii. Tusks, of mammoth, Jefferson de- sires, 250. Tuttle, Nicholas, claim for bounty land disallowed, 420; service of in Illinois Regiment, 24. Twine, purchased for troops, 315. Tyler, Edward, accounts of, with Virginia, 336, 361. Tyler, Robert, subpoena on, exe- cuted, 306. Tyler, William, land bounty granted, 422. United States, claims of Virginia against, lxv, n. 1, 277, 468, 470, 474; land claims of, 170; reim- burses Virginia, 466; supplies furnished, by Gibault, 212; Vir- ginia lands ceded to, 465. Vale, Madam, death of, 38. VallW, bill in favor of, 274. Valley Forge, John Marshall at, 249, n. 1. Vance, Handley [Hanley], assignee of, 459; bounty land granted, 424. Vance, Henry, assigns claim, 459. Vanlear, William, assignee of Montgomery, 434; deed issued, 37, 438, 444. Vanmeter [Vanmater, Vameter], Isaac, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 448, 459. Vanmeter, Capt. Jacob, bounty land granted, 420; deed issued assignee of, 444; pay roll of, 328, 405. Vanmeter, James, accounts of, with Virginia, 282. Van Tyne, Claude Halstead, The American Revolution, lxiv, n. i. Varbruse, Capt. John, pay roll of, 328, 405. Vaucheres, J. B., order in favor of, 264; relations with Legras, 38. Vaudrys [Vaudy], I. B., serves as Indian interpreter, 85, 376. Vaughan [Vaughn], Andrew, re- ports battle of Blue Licks, 1o6. Vaughan, Jane, assignee of, 459. Vaughan, John, bounty land granted, 420; enlistment bounty due, 334; service of in Illinois Regiment, 24. Vaughan, Mary, assignee of, 459. Vautries, Capt. John, pay roll of, 330- Vasquez [Vazquez], draft payable to, 274. Vegetables, data on, wanted by Jef- ferson, 155. Venison, bills incurred for, 363. i i INDEX Venshioner [Vensconer], George, bounty land granted, 421; deed issued assignee of, 447, 459. Vermillion, bills for, 381, 382. Vermillion Town, sum due for ex- press to, 257. Vessel, armed, recommended for Ohio, M88. Vicar General, of Illinois, 212. Vichroy, Thomas, accounts of, with Virginia, 270. Vigo, Francois, bill in favor of, 274, 275- Vilot, John B., bill of exchange in favor of, 376. Viney Grove, Virginia commission- ers meet at, 294. Vincennes [O'Post, St. Vincenne, St. Vincent, St. Vincents], barracks at, sold, 176; bills incurred in, 256, 257, 258, 264, 266, 270, 309, 310, 382, 401; cannon from, or- dered by Clark, II7; Charleville on expedition to, 195, n. 2; com- manding officer of, 176; contrac- tor not needed at, 399; correspond- ence with possible, 218; credit- ors of Virginia in, summoned by commissioners, lix, n. 3, I65-i66, 217; description of, 117, n. I; disaffection at, Ioo; evacuation of, xxi; expense of, to Kentucky, i16; expeditions against, xviii, xix, I2, n. 2; express to, 326, 333, 336; Finn at, 247; garrison at, xxvi; Gibault's services in cap- ture of, 21I; Henry at, 369; im- portance of Fort Nelson to, lxv; inhabitants of, reassured, 376; Legras at, 35, 296; letter from, 38, 8I, 83; letter from commissioners to inhabitants of, 376-377; Linctot at, 28, n. I; Marin bound for, 145; messenger to, 29; Monbreun at, 41, n. z; public stores at, 308; reasons for high prices at, 243; reduction of, by Clark, 233; removal to, 46; sig- nificance of Clark's capture of, lxiii; troops for, urged, lxii, 195, 206; Truchey at, 146. Virginia, accounts: of expenditures in Northwest Territory, 254-289; conditions of payment by, 224- 225; see also Auditor, Bills of Exchange, Commissioners for Set- tlement of Western Accounts. Assembly, see Assembly, Vir- ginia; attack on, feared, li; Board of War: Clark's conduct reported to, 179; delays expedi- tion, xxvi; discusses western ex- penditures, 178; letter to, 79; member of, 187; orders reduction of western troops, 30; boundary disputes, xxx, 58, 73, 154; cedes lands to Congress, 247, 250, 465; claim of, to Illinois: endan- gered, i8o, 2i6; safeguarded by Clark, lxi; Continental Line, desires equal bounties with State Line, 240; convention, members of, 7, n. x, 19, n. I; Council: appoints commission- ers to settle western accounts, 290; discusses Indian land purchase, 170; member of, lix, 68; thanks Clark for services, 182; credit of, xxvii, xxviii, xxix, Xxxv, IX, 20, 29, 34, 49, 52, 6z, 69, 144, 164, i68, 204, 222, 283; creditor to Clark, 274-276; cred- itors of, appeal to Clark, liv; cur- rency of, 4; debtor to Clark, i44- 145, 230, 242, 243, 245, 253, 254- 273, 277, 401; 567 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Virginia (cont.) Delegates in Congress, letter to, from Harrison, 148, 226; draft in, failure, xxvi; effect of cam- paigns of in Northwest, lxiv; governor: appoints commission- sioners, 33, 293; authorizes garri- sons, xxxi; bills drawn on, 370, 375; commissioners report to, 465; Nelson serves as, I, n. 2; peti- tions to, lii; frontiersmen of, serve with Crawford, xxxvii; House of Burgesses: letter to, from Harrison, 65-66; members of, I, n. 2, 7, 19, n. I, 124, 291; House of Delegates: authorizes investigation of accounts, 290; considers Kentucky defense, I5; members of, 27i, n. I; military policy of, xxv; oppose Detroit ex- pedition, 15; speaker of, letters to, (referred to) xx, n. I, 154, I66; Indians attack, xxxiii; invasion of, by Arnold, 249, n. I; lands of, donated soldiers, 124, n. I; laws of, cited, 234; military inefficiency of, xxvi; negotiations: with Chickasaw, 99, 136; for Indian lands, i66- I67, 170-171; prisoners sent to, 12, n. 2, 21, n. I; protection of frontier of, 64, I14; regiments of, 44, n. I, 57, 79, 124, n. I, 198, n. I, 249, n. I; reimbursed by United States, 465- 475; routes of travel from, 185; scale of depreciation in, 374, 396; separation from Kentucky, 29i; State Legion, 44, n. I; State Line: bounty lands for, 240, 251; officer of, 7, n. I; Treasurer of, bills on, 61, 275, 319, 381, 397; Vincennes dis- tressed by rumors from, 376. Volunteers, authorized for garrison duty, 207; called out by Jefferson, xxvi; rum for, 259. Wabash [Ouabash, Ouabache] In- dians, capture Dalton, 145; coun- cil of, expected to declare war, 65; danger from, zi1; declare war, 213, 218; expedition against proposed, 164, 229, 236; Linctot keeps friendship with, 28, n. I; protection against, 234; sum due agent dealing with, 257; treaty with, expenses of, 301. Wabash River, campaign against British posts on, 233; Clark ex- pected on, xli; expedition up pro- posed, xxvii, 205; price of sup- plies on, 243. Wabasha, leader of Sioux, xxii. Wade, Richard, certificate for pay, 342- Wadkins, see Watkins. Wagons, bill for, 354; bill for hire of, 272, 386; left at Fort Jeffer- son, 326; scarcity of, 228. Wagoner, sum due for services of, 403- Wailes, Wales, see Walls. Waise, George, service with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Walker, Dr., opinion of, on North Carolina lands, 170. Walker, John, bounty land granted, 431; deed issued assignee of, 442. Walker, Philip, deed issued, 442. Walker, Solomon, deed issued as- signee of, 452. Walker, Thomas, allowed claim in Illinois land grant, 427. Walkers Creek, Indian depreda- tions on, 231. Wallace, Judge Caleb, attests re- port, 173; biographical sketch, 291; 568 INDEX Wallace, Judge Caleb (cont.) letter from, to: Clark, 305-306; Harrison, 197-200, 217, 298-301, 321-324; Vincennes inhabitants, 376-377; member Virginia commission to settle western accounts, 290, n. 2, 293, 294, 295, 296, 306, 317, 337, 344, 366, 371, 377, 380, 383; Waller, John, sells whiskey, 14. Walls [Wailes, Wales, Wayles, Wills], Major George, accounts, 279, 353, 362; agreement with Tardiveau, 141; appointed to superintend surveyors, 240; ar- rives at Falls, xi X ; authorized: to raise troops, 227, 354; to garrison posts, 230; bill of exchange drawn by, 396; carries letters, 54, 135, 138; claim for bounty land disallowed, 419; deposition of, relating to Clark's conduct, 312; discusses conditions at Fort Nelson, 201, 202, 332-333; equipment delivered to, 152; lacks money to outfit boats, 69; left in command, 218; letter from, to Clark 202; letter to, from, Clark, 218-219, 230-23I; makes returns of stores, 177; order on, for a boat, 325; receives account, 351; reports Irvine's plans, 87, xo8; secured supplies, 138, 354-355; serves on Shawnee campaign, 151, 157. Walsh, Anna Maria, deed issued grantee of, 46i. Walsh, Robert, deed issued grantee of, 46 I. Walsh, Captain, to superintend sur- veyors, 240. Walters, Lewis, service of with Illi- nois Regiment, 288. Walters, Philemon, sum due for horse, 403. Wapshot, Graves [Gravis], sum due, 332, 410. War Office, communications from, 6i, 125, 164. Ward, Thomas, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Warehouse, location for - in bounty lands, 416. Warnick [Warneck], Michael, ac- counts of, with Virginia, 338, 339, 408, 411. Warrants, on military fund, to Clark, 245. Washington County, Baker commis- sary of, 28o, n. 2; Campbell resi- dent of, xI, n. I, i2i; danger to, 3, I19; guard to be furnished by, 34; Indians raid, 63; letter to county lieutenant of, 123; letter from, 67; militia: account, 282; called out, 64, 123, 125, 128, 134; Penticost judge in, 279, n. I; residents of, oppose Clark, 57; suits in court of, 58; taxes of, to supply provisions, 120; Virginia commissioners in, 1I8. Washington, General George, as- sured hostilities suspended, lviii, 149; at Yorktown, xvii, Io, Ii; attitude of, toward reduction of Detroit, xxv; Fleming serves under, 32, n. x; Harrison writes to, 127; letter from, to: Jefferson, (re- ferred to) xxv, n. 2; letter to, from: Irvine, (referred to) xxxix, n. I, (referred to) xlii, n. I, 76- 77; operations of, in New York, xxviii; relations of, with: Crawford, xxxix; Marshall, 124, n. I, 249, n. i; Neville, 57, n. I. I 569 570 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Washington, George, Writings (Sparks ed.), xxv, n. 2. Wason, James, accounts of, with Virginia, 337-338, 41I. Waters, Barney, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued as- signee of, 459; service of with Illinois Regiment, 284. Waters, Philemon, accounts of, with Virginia, 359; summoned before Virginia commissioners, 305, 306. Waters [Watters], Richard Jones, claims land, 436; deed issued, 439, 440- Watkins [Wadkins], Samuel, bounty land granted, 420; deed issued assignee of, 442, 459; service of in Illinois Regiment, 26, 286. Watt, James, action on claim of, 437. Waupunockys, depredations by, 74. Wayles, see Walls. Wayne, Gen. Anthony, Todd serves under, 14, n. i. Wea Indians, see Ouiatonon. Webb, George, letter to, from Montgomery, 61-62. Welch, Dominic [Dominique], bounty land granted, 426; deed issued assignee of, 442. Welch, James, sums due for spy services, 334, 4x2. Wells, Samuel, bill of exchange in favor of, 392. West Augusta regiment, at Brandy- wine, xxxix. West Fincastle County, Crittenden f rom, 7, n. 1. WVest Florida, boundary of British cessions to America, 2i9. rest Indies, John Clark in, 887. West, Simon, bill in favor of, 276. Western Indians, defenses against recommended, 8. Westmoreland County, conditions in, xxx; militia, Benjamin Harri- son colonel of, 271, D. 2; Penti- cost settles in, 279, n. x; resident of, opposed to Clark, 57. Wheat, bills for damages done fields of, 387. Wheeling [Weeling, Whelan], blockaded by Indians, Xio; boati transported from, 254; British expedition against, lii, 135; Clark at, 58, 142; expedition from, sup- plies for, I17; fortification at, needed, 171; Indians assemble to attack, xliv; meeting at, to ac- quire Muskingum lands, xxx; Slover at, 8o; stockade at, x86; supplies taken to, 197; Wistill prisoner at, 31. Whiskey, bills for, 270, 272, 325; for troops, 13; Indians capture, 84; misuse of suspected, x90; price of, 14; suit for impress- ment of, 247; stolen by troops, 172. Whiskey Rebellion, Irvine com- mands troops in, 76, n. i. White, Aquilla, appraisement of mare lost by, 341. White, Layton [Laten], bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 446. White, Randolph [Randall], bounty land granted, 420; private in Illi- nois Regiment, 24. Whitecotton, James, bounty land granted, 423; deed issued as- signee of, 459; services with Illi- nois Regiment, 284. Whitehead, Robert, bounty land granted, 420; service in Illinois Regiment, 24. Whitehead, William, bounty land granted, 420; private in Illinois Regiment, 24. INDEX Whitehill, Robert Jr., deed issued, 453. Whitley, William, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued as- signee of, 459. Whittaker [Whitaker], Abraham, testifies before Virginia commis- sioners, 308. Whittaker, Capt. Aquilla, accounts, 282; pay roll, 330, 331, 405, 406; testifies before Virginia commis- sioners, 308. Whittaker, Captain carries letter, 59; takes McGee to Clark, 58. Whittaker's Station, Cox at, 107. Whutten, Daniel, claim for bounty land acted on, 423; private in Illinois Regiment, 27. Wiau, see Ouiatonon. Wickliffe, Robert, attorney of Joyes, 462. Wilcox, William, sum due for pro- visions, 358, 409. Wiley, Jane, appraisement of horse lost by, 341. Wiley, Matthew, 34+. William and Mary College, Harri- son educated at, x9, n. x. William, attacked by Indians, 176. Williams, Daniel, bounty land granted, 421; deed to heir of, 462. Williams, Elie, deed issued, 436, 437. Williams, Lt. Jarret, bounty land granted, 420; service in Illinois Regiment, 22, 32; sum due for service, 361. Williams, Major John, assignee of, 449; bill of exchange in favor of, 318; bounty land granted, 419; captain in Illinois Regiment, 22; deposition of, 371; letter to, from Gibault, (referred to) 367; pay roll of, 335, 394; plundered, 202; presents accounts, 367, 368; rep- resentative of Clark, 4Z; sum due for pay, 256, 272, 343. Williams, Sergeant John, bounty land granted, 422. Williams, Reece, deed to, 462. Williams, Zack, private in Illinois Regiment, 25. Williams, arrival of expected, 107. Williams, Lieutenant, discusses con- ditions at Fort Nelson, 201. Williamsburg, bill for express to, 266; convention in, I, n. 2; let- ter from, (referred to) 197; Rocheblave in, 147. Williamson, Col. David, directs re- treat at Sandusky, xli; expedition of, against Moravians, xxxviii- xxxix. Willing, sum due for coxswain on, 258. Willing, James, relations with George, 77, n. z. Wills, Henry, accounts of, consid- ered by commissioners, 368. Wills, Samuel, sum due for bear meat, 362. Wills, see also Walls. Wilson, Edward, bounty land granted, 422. Wilson, Lt. George, accounts of with Virginia, 278, 332, 335, 406; deed issued, 44x; pay roll of, 329, 405; subpoena on executed, 306. Wilson, John, receipt drawn by, 376. Wilson, Josiah, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Wilson, Thomas, bounty land granted, 420o; deed issued, 444; subpoena on executed, 306. Wilson, William, deed issued, 459. Wiltram, to superintend land sales, 435. 1 1 1 ii i I I 571 ILLINOIS HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS Wimer, Lucy, sum due for rations, 409. Winchester, expenditures made at, 272; letter from, 183; specimens to be conveyed through, 250; sup- plies procured at, 52. Winnebago, employed by British, xxii. Winston, Richard, commandant at Kaskaskia, 31. Wipers, invoice of, 17. Wisconsin River, military opera- tions on, xxii. Wisconsin Historical Collections, xxiii, n. i. Wistill, Martin, escapes Indians, 31. Witt, Robert, bounty land granted, 419; deed issued assignee of, 462; service in Illinois Regiment, 24; sum due for services, 365-366. Wood, bills incurred for, 258, 259, 262, 265, 270; order for, 320. Wood. Charles, private in Illinois Regiment, 23. Wood, James, bounty land granted, 422; deed issued assignee of, 442; letter from, to Harrison, 183. Woodford, Wallace in, 291, n. Woods, Archibald, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Woods, Capt. John, pay roll of, 347, 348. Woods, Samuel, losses of at Blue Licks, 94. Woodville, letter from, 57. Worthington, Capt. Edward, ac- counts of, 255, 256, 273; bounty land granted, 419; deed issued as- signee of, 442, 444, 446; pay roll of, 286-287, 368, 394, 396; service of with Illinois Regiment, 286; testifies before Virginia commis- sioners, 308. Wright, Hector M., assignee of Moore, 435. Wright, James, accounts of, 282. Wyandot, assemble at Detroit, xxxiii; at Bryan's Station, xliv; defend Sandusky villages, xli; ex- pedition against, xxvi, xxxix, lix, Iio; message to, 149; Sandusky center of, lviii, n. 4. Wythe, George, plan for conquest of northwest submitted to, 413, n. I. Yates [Yeates], Isaac, bounty land granted, 421; deed issued as- signee of, 455, 459; service in Illinois Regiment, 25. Yohogania County, Virginia, Harri- son lived in, 27i, n. I. Yorktown, Cornwallis at, io. Young, Hugh, private in Illinois Regiment, 24. Young, Original, deed- issued as- signee of, 460. Young, Peter, sum due for cow, 371, 411. Youghiogheny River, Penticost set- tles in region of, 279, n. I. Zane, Col. Isaac, biographical sketch, 5!, n. I; supplies artillery, 51, 52, 129. Zecklege, William, bounty land granted, 423; deed issued as- signee of, 44i. Zeisberger, David, among Dela- ware, xxxvii. 572

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